Do you remember…

Haploid

Diploid

Gamete

Allele

Homozygous

Heterozygous

Dominant

Recessive

Gregor Mendel Considered to be the father of modern ___________. Studied patterns of inheritance in _____ plants. His results allowed him to create 3 laws of inheritance.

1. The law of dominance 2. The law of segregation 3. The law of independent assortment

Genetics Key Terms

Genotype: a set of alleles (RR or rr)

Phenotype: physical trait (round or wrinkled)

Punnett Square: A grid system for predicting all possible genotypes

Monohybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of one trait

Dihybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of two traits

Genetics Key Terms Continued Independent assortment: alleles of different genes separate independently of one another

Incomplete dominance: A heterozygous phenotype that is a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes

Codominance: A heterozygous phenotype that equally expresses the traits from both phenotypes

Polygenic traits: A trait that is produced by two or more genes

Sex-linked traits: A trait that is located on a sex chromosome

Exceptions to Mendel’s Rules “Biology is the science where there is

an exception to every rule.”

Incomplete Dominance: Shorthorn Cattle

RR = Red (dominant)

Rr = Roan (intermediate)

rr = white (recessive)

How could you prove that this is NOT “blending inheritance?”

Codominance: Human Blood Types

Multiple Alleles: Rabbits

c+ > cch > ch > c

himalayan (ch) albino (c)

wild type (c+) chinchilla (cch)

Lethal Alleles: Mouse Coat Color

Sex-Linked Traits: R/G Colorblindness

Click the image above to see as a person with colorblindness

Probability

The likelihood or chance that a particular event will happen. It predicts the average number, not the exact number.

Probability= number of ways a specific event can occur

number of total possible outcomes