DO NOW

• What is the function of the circulatory system?• Why are organelles important to cells?• Write the equation for photosynthesis:• Write the equation for cellular respiration:• Why must we “digest” food? (Think about

permeability)• What is the feedback mechanism in plants that

we talked about?

DO NOW• What is the function of the circulatory system?

– Transport• Why are organelles important to cells?

– Perform life functions• Write the equation for photosynthesis:

–H2O + CO2 ---> C6H12O6 + O2

• Write the equation for cellular respiration:

–C6H12O6 + O2 ---> H2O + CO2 + ATP• Why must we “digest” food? (Think about permeability)

– Only small molecules are permeable to membrane• What is the feedback mechanism in plants that we talked about?

– Guard cell- allows gas exchange, regulates water loss

STATE LAB #2- Making Connections

19 Class Days til REGENTS!!

Pulse rate:• A pulse can be measured at the neck or wrist• Pulse rate indicates how fast the heart is pumping

blood• We took our pulse at rest.

Pulse after exercise:• After exercise, we recorded our pulse again.• Pulse rate increases after exercise• Breathing rate, or how fast we breathe, also

increased after exercise.

• During exercise, cells need to use a lot of ATP energy.

• In order to maintain homeostasis, our body must do more cellular respiration to make more ATP.

• ATP requires oxygen and glucose

• Our heart beats faster to send blood to the cells with oxygen and glucose.

• We breathe faster to get more O2 and to get rid of the carbon dioxide waste.

• The respiratory and circulatory system work together to maintain homeostasis during exercise.

• The increase of pulse rate and breathing rate is an example of a feedback mechanism.

• Feedback mechanisms- one change that leads to another change in order to maintain homeostasis.

• CHANGE- ATP lost• RESPONSE- Breathe faster, transport faster• CHANGE- ATP levels back to “normal”• RESPONSE- Breathe normal, pulse rate decreases

PART 2- The clothespin!

• How does muscle fatigue affect performance?• 2 Trials:• Squeeze clothespin for 1 minute and count• Squeeze clothespin again for another minute.

Did you squeeze the pin more the first or second time?

“Warm up”- If you warm up and get the blood flowing, then you will be able squeeze more times.

“Rest first”- If you “waste” any energy you’ll be tired, and then squeeze the clothes pin less.

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS:

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS: IF we exercise first, THEN we will squeeze the clothespin more times. 1NDEPENDENT VARIABLE:

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS: IF we exercise first, THEN we will squeeze the clothespin more times. 1NDEPENDENT VARIABLE: ExerciseDEPENDENT VARIABLE:

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS: IF we exercise first, THEN we will squeeze the clothespin more times. 1NDEPENDENT VARIABLE: ExerciseDEPENDENT VARIABLE: # of squeezesExper1mental Group:

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS: IF we exercise first, THEN we will squeeze the clothespin more times. 1NDEPENDENT VARIABLE: ExerciseDEPENDENT VARIABLE: # of squeezesExper1mental Group: ExercisesControl group:

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS: IF we exercise first, THEN we will squeeze the clothespin more times. 1NDEPENDENT VARIABLE: ExerciseDEPENDENT VARIABLE: # of squeezesExper1mental Group: ExercisesControl group: DOES NOT exercise

Making Connections..QUESTION: If we exercise first, can we squeeze the clothespin more times?HYPOTHESIS: IF we exercise first, THEN we will squeeze the clothespin more times. 1NDEPENDENT VAR1ABLE: ExerciseDEPENDENT VARIABLE: # of squeezesExper1mental Group: ExercisesControl group: DOES NOT exerciseDATA TO BE COLLECTED: # of squeezes in one minute

RESULTS TO SUPPORT THE CLAIM: Those who exercised DID squeeze the pin more times.

What variables should be kept the same between both groups?

Same clothespin, same time, same age

• Why should the sample size be large?• Why should we use a lot of people for the

experiment?

• THE RESULTS WILL BE MORE ACCURATE• MORE ACCURATE DATA• RESULTS ARE MORE VALID

PRACTICE:

A scientist would like to know how fertilizer affects the growth of a sunflower. Design an experiment.

• A TV show host claims that taking Lipogone pills will help you lose weight. Lipogone has not been FDA approved yet. The active ingredient in the pill is dinitrophenol and several hormones that are said to increase the metabolism of biological molecules. Design an experiment to test the claim made by the TV show host.