Do-NowDo-Now

Please, quickly get to work.

1. Define Sectionalism.

2. Look at the map. - Describe what you see. - Make a prediction.

Tuesday, March 10Tuesday, March 10thth

AgendaAgenda• Do-Now• Notes on the Missouri Compromise• Map and writing activity

HomeworkHomeworkFinish class work :Missouri Compromise packet

The Missouri The Missouri CompromiseCompromise

Conflict arises when Missouri Conflict arises when Missouri petitions for statehood…petitions for statehood…

The issue of The issue of slaveryslavery

• Ever since the writing of the Ever since the writing of the U.S. Constitution, slavery has U.S. Constitution, slavery has been a hotly debated issue.been a hotly debated issue.

– Can you remember how slavery Can you remember how slavery came to the bargaining table during came to the bargaining table during the Constitutional Conventions?the Constitutional Conventions?

– What message did this decision What message did this decision send to Americans?send to Americans?

Abolitionists v. Slave Abolitionists v. Slave OwnersOwners

• Economic v. Moral ArgumentsEconomic v. Moral Arguments• Abolitionists wanted slavery Abolitionists wanted slavery

outlawed everywhereoutlawed everywhere• Southerners wanted to fight for their Southerners wanted to fight for their

right to own slavesright to own slaves• Country looks to be poised on the Country looks to be poised on the

brink of civil warbrink of civil war

The Missouri The Missouri CompromiseCompromise

The great debate:The great debate: Slave or free?Slave or free?• Negotiated by Henry ClayNegotiated by Henry Clay• 36/30 line36/30 line• Maine Free / Missouri SlaveMaine Free / Missouri Slave

• A temporary solution to a much larger A temporary solution to a much larger problem…problem…

The Missouri The Missouri CompromiseCompromise

The Missouri The Missouri CompromiseCompromise

Concentration of Slaves Concentration of Slaves in 1820in 1820

•Interactive Map (click on map, drag/select before or after) :Interactive Map (click on map, drag/select before or after) :•http://www.uoregon.edu/~atlas/america/interactive/map19.html

Applying for StatehoodApplying for Statehood

• IF congress approves…IF congress approves…• Population reaches 60,000 Population reaches 60,000

– A territory could petition the A territory could petition the Union for statehoodUnion for statehood

– Could draft a state constitutionCould draft a state constitution– Could elect representativesCould elect representatives

Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise

• Until 1818Until 1818– 10 free, 10 slave states10 free, 10 slave states– Illinois then added as free, disrupting the Illinois then added as free, disrupting the

balancebalance

• In 1819, Missouri’s petition for In 1819, Missouri’s petition for statehood resurrected the Slavery issuestatehood resurrected the Slavery issue– Challenged the overall climate of Challenged the overall climate of

NationalismNationalism

Southerners up in arms…Southerners up in arms…

• James Tallmadge of NYJames Tallmadge of NY– House passes a bill which requires MO House passes a bill which requires MO

to gradually free its slaves, once to gradually free its slaves, once entered as the 11entered as the 11thth slave state slave state

• Southerners up in armsSoutherners up in arms– Prevent passing the bill in the SenatePrevent passing the bill in the Senate– Meanwhile, Alabama is entered as the Meanwhile, Alabama is entered as the

1111thth slave state slave state

Suggestions of Civil Suggestions of Civil War…War…

• The debate becomes so heated, the The debate becomes so heated, the union is threatened.union is threatened.

““We have the wolf by the ears, and we We have the wolf by the ears, and we can neither hold him , nor safely let him can neither hold him , nor safely let him go.” go.”

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

Henry Clay draws the Henry Clay draws the line…line…

• Crisis averted (Crisis averted (for nowfor now))• Henry Clay guides congress toward Henry Clay guides congress toward

compromisecompromise

• THE MISSOURI COMPROMISETHE MISSOURI COMPROMISE– ME admitted as free, MO as slaveME admitted as free, MO as slave– The remaining LA territory is divided by The remaining LA territory is divided by

36,30 north lattitude36,30 north lattitude

Why are Jefferson’s words “prophetic”?Why are Jefferson’s words “prophetic”?

““This momentous question, like a This momentous question, like a firebell in the night, awakened and firebell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the knell of the Union. It at once as the knell of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence.”sentence.”

Thomas Jefferson in a letter to John Holmes, April Thomas Jefferson in a letter to John Holmes, April 22, 182022, 1820