Do Now: Amanda is having her friend Lynne

over her house to study. Lynne has never been to her house before. What kind of information should Amanda give Lynne so she does not get lost? BE SPECIFIC.

Typical GraphThis is an

example of a typical graph we are all familiar with.

The graph is made up of different “points” with lines that connect the points.

Typical GraphEach point has

two values:

The “X” value that runs along the horizontal “X” axis

The “Y” value that runs along thevertical “Y” axis

Y axis

X axis

Typical GraphX value is always

stated first

Followed by the Y value

The “origin” is the point wherethe 2 axes intersect with a value of (0,0)

(0,0)

(3,8)Y

X

(9,5)

Typical GraphA point can also

have negative(-) values

Negative X values are to the leftof the origin (0,0)

Negative Y values are below theorigin

X

Y

(-X,+Y)

(+X,-Y)

(+X,+Y)

(-X,-Y)

(0,0)

Latitude and Longitude►The earth is divided into lots of

lines called latitude and longitude.

East West, North South on The Earth

Let the X axis be the Equator.

Let the Y axis be the Prime Meridianthat runs through Greenwich outsideof London.

Lat/Long are the 2 grid points bywhich you can locate any point onearth.

Y

X

Equator on Earth On your Reference

tables please connect the lines horizontally from 0 to 0 on pages 4 and 5

Label it Equator

Y

X

Prime Meridian on Earth On your Reference

tables please connect the lines Vertically from 0 to 0 on pages 4 and 5

Label it Prime Meridian

Y

X

East West, North South on the Earth

Let each of the four quarters then be designated by North or South and East or West.

N

S

EW

East West, North South on the Earth

(N, W) (N, E)

(S, W) (S, E)

Coordinate System In order to determine locations on Earth’s surface, we

must have some points reference.

Latitude & Longitude SystemMade up of imaginary lines that form a grid,

similar to the lines on a football field.

Equator and prime meridian as points of reference.

Lines

►Longitude lines run north and south.

►Latitude lines run east and west.

►The lines measure distances in degrees.

Latitude

Longitude

Latitude lines run east/west but they measure north or south of the equator (0°)

splitting the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.

Latitude

North Pole

South Pole

Lines of latitude are numbered from 0° at the equator to 90° N.L. at the North Pole.

Lines of latitude are numbered from 0° at the equator to 90° S.L. at the South Pole.

][

90 8070

6050

40

2030

10

9080

70605040

2010

30

Latitude

The North Pole is at 90° N

The South Pole is at 90° S

Longitude Lines of longitude begin at the Prime Meridian.

The Prime Meridian is located at 0°. It is neither east or west

W E

Longitude

Lines of longitude are numbered east from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line and west from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line.

PRIME MERIDIAN

West L

ongitu

de

East L

ongitu

de

180°

N

EW

S

North Pole

INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE180°

SEPARATES 2 CALENDAR DAYS.

America to Asia – gain a day

Asia to America – lose a day

Prime MeridianThe Prime Meridian (0°) and the 180° line split

the earth into the Western Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere.

Prime Meridian

Western Hemisphere

Eastern

Hemisphere

Places located east of the Prime Meridian have an east longitude (E) address. Places located west of the Prime Meridian have a west longitude (W) address.

By combining latitude and longitude, any location can be

pinpointed

Summary:Latitude and longitude practice

Greenwich, England is the logical starting point for time zones

The world rotates counterclockwise, time zones to the east are ahead of the those time zones to the west

LONGITUDE AND TIMEThe world rotates (spins) 360° in 24 hours.

360° / 24 hours = 15° per hour

The world has 24 time zones, each l5° apart.

THERE IS A 1 HOUR TIME DIFFERENCE FOR EVERY 15° OF LONGITUDE

ANOTHER CHEESY SAYING

EAST INCREASE

Time is forward to all places to the east

WEST LESS

Time is backward to all places to the west

East Increase – West Less(1 hr per l5°)

If it is 9 p.m. at Position D, what time is it at position C? Position B?

If it is 11 a.m. at Position X, at what time is it at location A

Earth rotates west to east Solar time is based on the

position of the sunNIGHT IS FALLING ON EARTH

Look at the East Coast of the United States. The lights are already lit.

California the sun is still visible.

This pictures shows AMERICAN CITIES at

night.

Saguenay

Ottawa

Sept-Iles

Mexico City

Québec

Montréal

St.John

Those light are Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Washington.

Toronto

Detroit

Miami

Havana

Puerto RicoHouston

Dallas

It’s still daylight in California

Thunder Bay

Port-au-Prince

France

Spain

AFRICA

Italy

EnglandIceland

Atlantic

Ocean

How is latitude

measured?

How is longitude measured?

BASED ON THE ____________

OF _______________

BASED ON EARTH’S

EACH HOUR, EARTH ROTATES

(360°/24hrs)

Example: Two students record adifference in local time of twohours. How many degrees of longitude apart are they?