Phn 1: L thuyt thit k I.Gii thiu khi qut v 89C51 1.phn cng: c im v chc nng hot ng ca cc IC h MSC-51 hn tn tng t nhau, y ta gii thiu 89c51 vi cc c im chnh sau:

- 4KB EPROM ni - 128 byte RAM ni - 4 port xut / nhp (I/O port) 8 bit - 2 b nh thi 16 bit - Giao tip ni tip - 64kb Rom ngi - 64kb Ram ngi - 210 v tr nh nh v bit, mi v tr mt bit - 4us cho hot ng nhn hoc chia

1. cu trc bn trong ca IC 89C51.

+ Thnh phn chnh ca vi iu khin 8051 la b x l trung tm hay con gi l CPU. CPU bao gm:

- Thamh ghi tch lu A

- Thanh ghi tch lu B, dng cho php nhn v chia - n v logic hc ALU - T trng thi chng trnh PSW - 4 bank thanh ghi - Con tr ngn xp - Ngi ra cn c b nh chng trnh, b gii ma lnh, b iu khin thi

gian v logic + n v x l trung tm nhn trc tip xung t b dao ng + Chng trnh ang chy c th cho dng li nh mt khi iu khin bn trong. Cc ngun ngt c th l cc bin c bn ngi, s trn b m nh thi hoc cng c th l giao din ni tip. + 2 b nh thi 16 bit hot ng nh mt b m. + Cc cng port 0, port 1, port 2, port 3 c s dng vo mc ch iu khin, cng port 3 c thm cc ng dn iu khin dng trao i vi mt b nh bn ngi, hoc u ni giao din ni tip cng nh cc ng dn ngt bn ngi. + Giao din ni tip c cha mt b truyn v mt b nhn khng ng b lm vic c lp vi nhau. Tc truyn qua cng ni tip c th t trong di rng v c n nh bng mt b nh thi. + Trong vi diu khin 8051 cn c hai thnh phn quan trng khc l b nh v cc thanh ghi +B nh cn c Ram v Rom dng lu d liu v m lnh. + Cc thanh ghi s dng lu d thng tin trong qu trnh x l. Khi CPU lm vic, n lm thay ni dung ca cc thanh ghi

2. S chn 89c51: - port 0: c hai chc nng t chn 32 n chn 39 trong cc thit k nh.(khng dng b nh m rng). c hai chc nng nh cc ng I/O. i vi cc thit k c ln( vi b nh m rng) n c kt hp knh gia cc Bus. - Port 1: l port I/O trn cc chn t chn s 1 n chn

s 8. c th dng cc thit b ngi nu cn. Port 1 khng c chc nng khc v th chng ta ch c dng trong cc thit b ngi.

- Port 2: l port cng dng kp trn cc chn 21 n 28 c dng nh cc ng xut nhp hoc byte cao ca bus a ch i vi cc thit k m rng.

- Port 3: l port cng dng kp trn cc chn 10 n chn 17. Cc chn ca port ny c nhiu chc nng, cc cng dng chuyn i c lin h vi cc c tn c bit ca 8051/8031 nh bng sau:

U1

AT89C51

9

1819

202930

31

40

12345678

2122232425262728

1011121314151617

3938373635343332

RST

XTAL2XTAL1

GNDPSEN

ALE/PROGEA/VPP

VCC

P1.0P1.1P1.2P1.3P1.4P1.5P1.6P1.7

P2.0/A8P2.1/A9

P2.2/A10P2.3/A11P2.4/A12P2.5/A13P2.6/A14P2.7/A15

P3.0/RXDP3.1/TXD

P3.2/INT0P3.3/INT1

P3.4/T0P3.5/T1

P3.6/WRP3.7/RD

P0.0/AD0P0.1/AD1P0.2/AD2P0.3/AD3P0.4/AD4P0.5/AD5P0.6/AD6P0.7/AD7

Bit Tn Chc nng chuyn i P3.0 RXD D liu nhn cho port ni tip P3.1 TXD D liu pht cho port ni tip P3.2 INTO Ngt 0 bn ngi P3.3 INT1 Ngt 1 bn ngi P3.4 T0 Ng vo ca timer/courter 0 P3.5 T1 Ng vo ca timer/courter 1 P3.6 WR Xung ghi b nh d liu ngi P3.7 RD Xung c b nh d liu ngi

+ Chn PSEN: l chn 29, c 4 tn hiu iu khin, l tn hiu cho php b nh chng trnh m rng v thng c ni ln chn OE ca mt Eprom cho php c cc byte m lnh. PSEN mc thp trong thi gian ly lnh. Cc m nh phn ca chng trnh c c t Eprom qua bus v c cht vo thanh ghi lnh ca 8051 gii m lnh. Khi thi hnh chng trnh trong Rom ni PSEN s th ng (mc cao). + Chn ALE: (cht) Tn hiu ra ALE trn chn 30 tng hp vi cc thit b lm vic vi cc x l 8585,8088,8051 dng ALE mt cch tng t cho lm vic gii cc knh cc Bus a ch v d liu khi port 0 c dng trong ch chuyn i ca n: va l Bus d liu va l byte thp ca a ch, ALE l tn hiu cht a ch vo vo mt thanh ghi bn ngi trong na u ca chu k b nh. Sau cc ng port 0 dng xut hoc nhp d liu trong na sau ca chu k b nh. Cc xung tn hiu ALE c tc bng 1/6 ln tn s dao ng trn chp v c th c lm xung nhp cho cc h thng. Nu xung trn 8051 l 12MHZ th ALE c tn s 2MHZ. Ch ngoi tr khi thi hnh lnh Movx, mt xung ALE b mt. Chn ny cng c lm ng vo cho xung lp trnh cho Eprom trong 8051. + Chn EA: (truy xut ngi):Tn hiu vo EA trn chn 31 thng c mc ln mc cao(+5V) hoc mc thp(GND). Nu mc cao, 8051 thi hnh chng trnh t Rom ni trong khong a ch thp(4K). Nu mc thp chng trnh chi c thi hnh t b nh m rng. Khi dng 8031, EA lun c ni mc thp v khng c b nh chng trnh trn chp. Nu EA c ni mc thp b nh bn trong chng trnh 8051 s b cm v thi hnh chng trnh Eprom m rng. Ngi ta cn dng chn EA lm chn cp in p 21V khi lp trnh cho Eprom trong 8051. + Chn RST(reset): Khi tn hiu ny c a ln mc cao(t nht phi 2 chu k my), cc thanh ghi trong 8051 c ti nhng gi tr thch hp khi ng h thng. + Cc ng vo b dao ng trn chip:

Nh thy cc hnh trn,8051 c b dao ng trn chip. N thng c ni vi thch anh gia hai chn 18 v 19. Cc t gia cng cn thit nh v. Tn s thch anh thng thng l 12MHZ + Cc chn ngun: 8051 vn hnh vi ngun n +5V(VCC) c ni vo chn 40 v chn 20 c ni GND

II. Gii thiu v IC thi gian thc DS12C887: 1. S chn ch sau:

AD0-AD7: Bus a hp a ch/d liu. NC: B trng. MOT: La chn loi Bus. CS: Ng vo la ch RTC AS: cht a ch. R/ W: Ng vo c ghi. DS: Cht d liu. RESET: Ng vo reset. IRQ: Nh ra yu cu ngt. SQW: Ng ra sng vung. VCC: Ngun cung cp +5V. GND: Mass

2. Chc nng cc chn: - GND, VCC: ngun cung cp cho thit b nhng chn trn. Vcc l in p

ng vo +5v. Khi in p 5v c cung cp ng chun, thit b c truy cp y v d liu c th c v ghi. Khi Vcc thp hn 4.25v, qu trnh c v ghi b cm tuy nhin chc nng gi thi gian vn c tip tc khng b nh hng bi in p b st gim bn ngi. Khi Vcc rt xung thp hn 3v, Ram v b nh gi c chuyn sang ngun nng lng bn trong.

- MOT: l chn c tnh linh hot la chn gia hai loi Bus. Khi c ni ln Vcc, Bus nh thi Motorola c la chn. Khi c ni xung GND

U1

DS12887

1923

24

12

4567891011

14

17

1

18

15

13

IRQSQW

VCC

GND

AD0AD1AD2AD3AD4AD5AD6AD7

AS

DS

MOT

RST

R/W

CS

hoc khng ni, Bus nh thi Intel c la chn. Chn c in tr ko xung bn trong c gi tr khong 20K.

- SQW: c th xut tn hiu ra t 1 trong 13 loi c cung cp t 15 trng thi c chia bn trong ca RTC. Tn s ca chn SQW c th thay i bng cch lp trnh thanh ghi A. Tn hiu SQW c th m hoc tt khi ta s dng bit SQWE trong thanh ghi B. Tn hiu SQW khng xut hin khi khi Vcc thp hn 4.25v

- AD0-AD7: Bus a hp tit kim chn bi v thng tin a ch v thng tin d liu c dng chung ng tn hiu. Cng ti nhng chn, a ch c sut trong sut phn th 1 ca chu k Bus v c dng cho d liu trong phn th 2 ca chu k. a hp a ch/ d liu khng lm chm thi gian truy cp ca DS12C887 khi bus chuyn t a ch sang d liu xp ra trong sut thi gian truy cp Ram ni. a ch phi c gi tr trc khi xut hin sn xung ca AS/ALE ti thi im m DS12C887 cht a ch t AD0 ti AD7. D liu phi c hin th v gi n nh trong sut phn sau ca DS hoc xung WR. Trong chu k c ca DS12C887 ng ra 8 bit ca d liu trong sut phn sau ca DS hoc xung RD. Chu k c c thc hin xong v Bus tr v trng thi tng tr cao cng nh khi DS bt u xung thp trong trng hp nh thi Motorola hoc khi RD ln cao trong trng hp nh thi Intel.

- AS: xung dng cung cp xung cht a ch trong vic phc hp Bus. Sn xung ca AS/ ALE lm cho a ch b cht li bn trong ca DS12C887. Sn ln tip theo khi xut hin trn Bus AS s b x a ch bt chp chn CS c c chn hay khng. Lnh truy cp c th gi ti bn c hai cch.

- DS: chn DS/ RD c hai kiu s dng tu thuc vo mc ca chn MOT. Khi chn MOT c ni ln Vcc, Bus nh thi Motorola c la chn. Trong kiu ny DS l xung dng trong sut phn sau ca chu k Bus v c gi l Data Strobe. Trong sut chu k c, DS bo hiu thi gian m DS12C887 oc iu khin bus i. Trong chu k c, xung qut ca DS l nguyn nhn lm DS12C87 cht d liu c ghi. Khi chn MOT c ni xung GND, Bus nh thi Intel c la chn. Trong kiu ny, chn DS c gi l Read(RD) xc nh chu k thi gian khi DS12C887 iu khin bus c d liu. Tn hiu RD c cng nh ngha vi tn hiu OE trong b nh ring.

- R/ W: c hai cch hot ng. Khi chn MOT c kt ni ln Vcc cho ch nh thi Motorola, R/ W ang ch ch ra hoc l chu k hin ti l chu k c hoc ghi. Chu ky i hi chn R/ W phi mc cao khi chn DS mc cao. Chu k i hi chn R/W mc thp trong sut qu trnh cht tn hiu ca DS. Khi chn MOT c ni GND cho ch nh thi Intel,

tn hiu R/ W l tn hiu hot ng mc thp c gi l WR. Trong ch ny chn R /W c nh ngha nh tn hiu Write Enable trong Ram chung.

- CS: tn hiu la chn phi oc xc nh mc thp chu k bus DS12C887 c s dng. CS phi c gi trong trng thi hot ng rtong sut DS v AS ca ch nh thi Motorola v trong sut RD v WR ca ch nh thi Intel. Chu k bus khi chn v tr m khng chn CS s cht a ch nhng s khng c bt k s truy cp no. Khi Vcc thp hn 4.25Volts, chc nng bn trong ca DS12C887 ngn chn s truy cp bng cchkhng cho php lla chn nh vo CS. Hnh ng ny nhm bo v c d liu ca ng h thi gian thc bn trong cung nh d liu Ram trong sut qu trnh mt ngun.

- IRQ: l ng ra hot ng mc thp, c th s dng ng vo ngt ti b vi x l.Ng ra IRQ\ mc thp khi bit l nguyn nhn lm ngt v ph hp vi bit cho php ngt c t(set). x chn IRQ\ chng trnh ca b vi x l thng thng c t thanh ghi C. Chn Reset cng b x trong lc ngt. Khi khng c trng tgi ngt no c s dng, trng thi IRQ\ mc tng tr cao. Nhiu thit b ngtc th ni ti IRQ\ Bus l mt ng ra m v yu cu mt in tr ko ln bn ngi.

- RESET: khng hiu lc i vi lch, ng h hoc Ram. ch cp ngun, chn reset c th b ko xung trong thi gian cho php n nh ngun cung cp.

3. Cu trc bn trong ca DS12C887.

a.s a ch ca Real time clock

S a ch ca DS12C887 c trnh by bao gm 113 byte Ram thng dng, 11 byte Ram m thnh phn bao gm ng h thi gian thc, lch, d liu bo gi v 4 byte c s dung cho vic iu khin v thng bo tnh trng. Tt c 128 byte c th c ghi hoc c trc tip t nhnh trng hp sau:

- Thanh ghi C v D l hai thanh ghi ch c - Bit th 7 ca thanh ghi A l bit ch c. - Bit cao ca byte th hai l bit ch c

Thi gian v c bng cch c cc byte b nh hin co. Thi gian, lch v bo gi c t hoc gn gi tr bng cch ghi gi tr byte Ram thch hp. Ni dung ca 10 byte cha thi gian lch v bo gi u c th hin th hai dng nh phn hoc BCD. Trc khi ghi ln cc thanh ghi thi gian , lch v bo gi bn trong, bit SET thanh ghi B phi c t mc 1 ngn nga s cp nht c th xy ra trong qu trnh ghi . Thm vo na l ghi ln 10 thanh ghi ch thi gian, lch v bo gi mt nh dng la chn(BCD hay nh phn), bit chn kiu d liu DM ca thanh ghi B phi c t mc logic thch hp. Tt c 10 byte thi

gian lch v bo gi phi s dng cng kiu d liu. Bit c t thanh ghi B nn c x sau khi bit kiu d liu c ghi cho php ng h thi gian thc cp nht byte thi gian v lch. Vo lc u ng h thi gian cp nht mt kiu c la chn. Kiu d liu khng th thay i m khng khi ng li 10 byte d liu. Bng sau trnh by nh dng nh phn v BCD ca thi gian lch v bo gi. Bit la chn kiu hin th 24-12 khng th thay i m khng khi ng li thanh ghi gi. Khi nh dng kiu 12 gi c chn bit cao ca byte gi tng ng vi PM khi n c t mc logic 1. Byte thi gian lch v byte bo gi lun c truy cp bi v chng c m gp i, mi giy mt ln 11byte c nng cp v c kim tra tnh trng bo gi. Nu lnh c d liu thi gian v lch din ra trong qu trnh cp nht, mt vn pht sinh l c th thi gian gi, pht, giy c th khng chnh xc, xc xut c kkhng chnh xc d liu thi gian v lch l rt thp. Sau y ta tm hiu cc thanh ghi iu khin trong DS12C887. - Thanh ghi A: MSB LSB BIT7 BIT6 BIT5 BIT4 BIT3 BIT2 BIT1 BIT0 UIP DV2 DV1 DV0 RS3 RS2 RS1 RS0 + UIP: l bt trng thi m c th theo di c, khi bit UIP mc 1, qu trnh cp nht s sm xy ra. Khi bit UIP mc 0, qu trnh cp nht s khng xy ra t nht 244Us. Nhng thng tin v thi gian lch v bo gi trong Ram c y cho vic truy cp khi bit UIP mc 0. Bit UIP l bit ch c v khng b nh hng bi chn reset. Khi ghi bit SET thanh ghi B ln mc 1 ngn chn qu trnh cp nht v x bit trng thi UIP. + DV2, DV1, DV0: 3bit trn c s dng bt tt b dao ng v ci t li qu trnh m xung. Khi c t 010 th l s kt hp duy nht bt b dao ng ln v cho php RTC gi thi gian. Khi c t 11X s cho php b dao ng nhng gi qu trnh m xung mc reset. Qu trnh cp nht tip theo s sm din ra sau 500ms sau khi kiu 010 c ghi vo DV1, DV2, DV3. + RS3, RS2, RS1,RS0: 4bit loi la chn la chn 1 trong 13 loi ca b chia 15 trng thi hoc khng cho php xut tn hiu chia ra ngi. Loi c la chn c th pht ra sng vung(chn SQW) hoc ngt theo chu k. Ngi s dng c th s dng mt trong nhng cch sau:

- Cho php ngt vi bit PIE - Cho php xut ng ra chn SQW vi bit SQWE. - Cho php c hai hot ng cng mt lc v cng mt loi. - Khng kch hot c hai.

Bng sau lit k chu k ngt vi tn s sng vung m c th la chn vi bit RS. C 4 bit c ghi v khng b nh hng bi chn reset.

- Thanh ghi B: BIT7 BIT6 BIT5 BIT4 BIT3 BIT2 BIT1 BIT0 SET PIE AIE UIE SQWE DM 24/12 DSE

- SET: Khi bit SET mc 0, thng thng qu trnh cp nht bng cch tng bin m 1 ln mt giy. Khi bit SET c ln vo mc 1 mi qu trnh cp nht u b cm, v chng trnh c th bt u khi ng byte thi gian v lch m khng c qu trnh cp nht no xy ra trong qu trnh khi ng, chu k c c th thc thi cng mt kiu. SET l bit c ghi v khng chu nh hng bi Reset hoc cc chc nng bn trong ca DS12C887.

- PIE: Bit cho php ngt theo chu k, l bit c ghi, n cho php bit c ngt theo chu k trong thanh ghi C iu khin chn IRQ\ xung mc thp tu thuc vo t l phn b ca RS3 n RS0 thanh ghi A.

- AIE: Bit cho php ngt bo gi, l bit c ghi m khi c t ln 1 n cho php bit c bo gi(AF) thanh ghi C cho php ngt IRQ\. Tn hiu ngt bo gi din ra tt c cc giy khi c 3 byte bo gi cha m bo gi c th hin nh phn nh sau 11XXXXXX. Cc chc nng bn trong ca DS12C887 khng b nh hng bi chn AIE.

- UIE: Bt cho php kt thc qu trnh ngt cp nht, l bit c ghi m cho php bit c kt thc qu trnh cp nht thanh ghi C cho php ngt IRQ\. Chn Reset mc 0 hoc chn SET mc 1 s x bit UIE.

- SQWE: l bit cho php xut sng vung, c t ln mc 1, mt tn hiu sng vung c tn s c t v tr c la chn ca bit RS3 n RS0 s iu khin sng ra ti chn SQW. Khi bit SQWE c t mc thp, chn SQW s c gi mc thp. SQWE l bit c ghi v c x khi Reset. SQWE c t ln 1 khi c cp Vcc.

- DM: Bit kiu d liu qui nh khi no l thng tin lch v thi gian nh dng nh phn hoc BCD. Bit DM c t bi chng trnh c th nh dng thch hp v c th c khi c yu cu. Bit ny khng b thay i khi Reset. Mc 1 ca DM s hin th d liu nh phn, mc 0 hin th d liu BCD.

- 24/ 12: Bit xc nh kiu byte gi. Khi mc 1 n hin th kiu 24 gi, bit 0 hin th 12 gi. Bit ny khng nh hng bi cc chc nng bn trong hoc chn reset.

- DSE: Bit cho php nh cng khai. Bit ny cng khng b nh hng bi chc nng bn trong hoc chn reset.

- Thanh ghi C: MSB LSB BIT7 BIT6 BIT5 BIT4 BIT3 BIT2 BIT1 BIT0 IRQF PF AF UF 0 0 0 0

- IRQF: Bit c yu cu ngt c t ln 1 khi nhng iu di y ng:

PF=PIE=1 AF=AIE=1 UF=UIE=1 u c ngha l IRQF=(PF.PIE)+(AF.AIE)+(UF.UIE). Bt c lc no bit IRQF c t ln 1, chn IRQ\ c t xung mc thp. Bit c PF,AF v UF c x khi thanh ghi C c chng trnh c hoc chn reset mc thp.

- Thanh ghi D: BIT7 BIT6 BIT5 BIT4 BIT3 BIT2 BIT1 BIT0 VRT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 VRT: Bit thi gian v Ram hp l, biu th tnh trng ca pin c kt ni chn VBAT. Bit ny khng phi l bit ghi c v lun c gi tr l 1 khi c, nu hin th mc 0, ngun nng lng pin bn trong cn v c hai mc d liu thi gian thc ln d liu Ram u b nghi ng. Bit ny khng b nh hng bi chn reset. III. IC gi m 74LS247 L loi IC dng gii m s nh phn 4 bit (s BCD) sang m 7 on. IC gm 16 chn, hot ng vi ngun 5V. A,B,C,D: 4 ng vo RBI, LT, BI/RBO c ni ln ngun. a,b,cg l chn ra led 7 on.

Led 7on y ta dng loi Ant chung.

Phn 2: Thit k v thi cng

I.S nguyn l v s mch in:

D3

LED

100

D

LED1

LOA

1K

U2

76421

3

5

910

ABCDE

CA

DP

FG

TANG

E

1K

VCC

C

G

LED2

AD1AD4

A1015

F

BCD1

BCD1

U2

76421

3

5

910

ABCDE

CA

DP

FG

LS1

SPEAKER

8K2

U2

76421

3

5

910

ABCDE

CA

DP

FG

VCC

AD6

150

LOA

1K

AD4

G

WRITE

A

A1015

VCC

B

R2

RESISTOR SIP 9

1 23456789

F

C

TANG

G

READ

AD5

NGAT

150

BA

LED1

1K

D

AD3

VCC

E

VCC

VCC

LED

U2

76421

3

5

910

ABCDE

CA

DP

FG

ALE

A1015 A1015

VCC

D

AD0

AD3

VCC

LED6

AD0

AD0

LED4

10UF

12MVCC

F

AD4

LED5

A

10K

READ

BCD4

F

BCD4

WRITE

C

D

VCC

A

VCC

CB

AD7

LED5

AD7

EF

B

LED4

AD3

A1015

G

AD2

150

VCC

D

LED3

GF

BCD3

CHUYENVCC

E

33P

ALE

VCC

B

AD6

BCD3

VCC 1

3

2OUT

GN

DIN

Q2NPN

1K

VCC

CHUYEN

AD6

B

VCC

AD2

U2

76421

3

5

910

ABCDE

CA

DP

FG

C

G

150

D

A

3.3V

VCC

C

LED

LED2

E

AD1 BCD2

VCC

F

GIAM

U2

76421

3

5

910

ABCDE

CA

DP

FG

U1

DS12887

19

23

2412

4567891011

14

17

1

18

15

13

IRQ

SQW

VC

CG

ND

AD0AD1AD2AD3AD4AD5AD6AD7

AS

DS

MOT

RST

R/W

CS

DE

LED3

NGAT

AD2

U3AT89C51

9

1819

202930

31

40

12345678

2122232425262728

1011121314151617

3938373635343332

RST

XTAL2XTAL1

GN

DPSEN

ALE/PROG

EA/VPP

VC

C

P1.0P1.1P1.2P1.3P1.4P1.5P1.6P1.7

P2.0/A8P2.1/A9

P2.2/A10P2.3/A11P2.4/A12P2.5/A13P2.6/A14P2.7/A15

P3.0/RXDP3.1/TXD

P3.2/INT0P3.3/INT1

P3.4/T0P3.5/T1

P3.6/WRP3.7/RD

P0.0/AD0P0.1/AD1P0.2/AD2P0.3/AD3P0.4/AD4P0.5/AD5P0.6/AD6P0.7/AD7

AD5

G

A

BCD2

VCC

150

VCC

GIAM

33P

VCC

AD7

AD5

A

U4

74LS47

7126

453

1312111091514

168

D0D1D2D3

BI/R

BO

RB

ILT

ABCDEFG

VC

CG

ND

AD1

LED6A1015

E

B

C

150

S mch hin th

S mch x l

II. Lu gii thut.

BEGIN

MAIN

BT BIN HN GI

BEGIN

LCALL ENABLE_RTC

LCALL

ENABLE_RTC

CHN THANH GHI TRONG RTC

DOC_DATA

CHN GI TR THCH HP GHI VO THANH

GHI TRONG VXL

CHN NH CHA GI TR GI PHT GIY TRONG VXL

LY GI TR GI PHT GIY T RTC

A VO VXL

HEX_BCD

CHUYN 10 VO THANH GHI B

LY A CHIA B

BYTE THP L GI TR HNG N V

BYTE CAO L GI TR HNG CHC

CHUYN VO RTC QUA THANH GHI R0 CA VXL

CHUYN TNG NH CHA GI,PHT,GIY

VO THANH GHI A

HIN TH

CHN LED 1

ORL VI GI TR THCH HP BT

LED

LED K TIP

NGT

HIN TH 1

S S S S S S S S

P3.2=0LOOP1

P3.2=0

HIN TH 1

THOT NGT

P3.3=0

P3.4=0

P3.5=0

TNG GI TR PHT

GIM GI TR PHT

CHUYN 1 TNG GI TR PHT

P3.3=0

A=0 TNG PHT A=60

INC A

HEX_TO_BCD

LOOP 1 GIM GI TR PHT

P3.4=0

A=59 GIM PHT A=0

S S S S S

TNG GI TR GI

P3.3=0

A=0 TNG GI A=24

INC A

HEX_TO_BCD

LOOP 2 GIM GI TR GI

P3.4=0

A=23 GIM GI A=0

DEC A

HEX_TO_BCD

S S S S S

CHUYN 1

P3.5=0

A=0 RETURN1

LOOP 2

R2=0

LOOP 2

P3.2=0

HIN TH 2

THOT NGT

P3.3=0

P3.4=0

P3.5=0

TNG GI TR GI

GIM GI TR GI

CHUYN2

CHUYN 2

P3.5=0 LOOP 1

S III. Chng trnh. $MOD51 ORG 00H LJMP MAIN ORG 03H LJMP NGAT ORG 30H MAIN: MOV R3,#1 ;BIEN HEN GIO CHAN LE BEGIN: LCALL ENABLE_RTC LED5 BIT P1.1 LED6 BIT P1.0 MOV IE,#81H MOV R2,#0 MOV 20H,#0 ;O NHO CHUA GIAY MOV 21H,#0 ;O NO CHUA PHUT MOV 22H,#0 ;O NHO CHUA GIO MOV 23H,#0 ;O NHO DON VI CUA GIAY MOV 24H,#0 ;O NHO CHUC CUA GIAY MOV 25H,#0 ;O NHO DON VI CUA PHUT MOV 26H,#0 ;O NHO CHUC CUA PHUT MOV 27H,#0 ;O NHO DON VI CUA GIO MOV 28H,#0 ;O NHO CHUC CUA GIO LCALL DOC_DATA ;LCALL CHOPTAT ;2 LED DON CHOP TAT THEO NHIP GIAY LCALL HEX_BCD LCALL HIEN_THI SJMP BEGIN ;****************************************** DOC_DATA: MOV R0,#0 MOV R1,#20H X12: MOVX A,@R0 MOV @R1,A MOV R7,#0 MOV R7,20H ;****************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH DE HEN GIO ;****************************************** CJNE R3,#00,GIO_CHAN LJMP GIO_LE GIO_CHAN: CJNE R7,#00,THOAT_1 MOV R7,#00 MOV R7,21H

CJNE R7,#00,THOAT_1 MOV R7,#00

A=0 RETURN2

R2=0

MOV R7,22H CJNE R7,#22,AA LJMP CHUONG_CHAN AA: CJNE R7,#20,BB LJMP CHUONG_CHAN BB: CJNE R7,#18,CC LJMP CHUONG_CHAN CC: CJNE R7,#16,DD LJMP CHUONG_CHAN DD: CJNE R7,#14,EE LJMP CHUONG_CHAN EE: CJNE R7,#12,FF LJMP CHUONG_CHAN FF: CJNE R7,#10,GG LJMP CHUONG_CHAN GG: CJNE R7,#8,HH LJMP CHUONG_CHAN HH: CJNE R7,#6,THOAT LJMP CHUONG_CHAN X11: LJMP X12 THOAT_1: LJMP THOAT GIO_LE: MOV R7,#00 MOV R7,22H CJNE R7,#21,II LJMP CHUONG_LE II: CJNE R7,#19,JJ LJMP CHUONG_LE JJ: CJNE R7,#17,KK LJMP CHUONG_LE KK: CJNE R7,#15,LL LJMP CHUONG_LE LL: CJNE R7,#13,MM LJMP CHUONG_LE MM: CJNE R7,#11,NN LJMP CHUONG_LE NN: CJNE R7,#9,OO LJMP CHUONG_LE OO: CJNE R7,#7,THOAT CHUONG_LE: ;GIO LE THI BAO CHUONG LE CLR P1.3 LCALL DELAY_CHUONG ;THOI GIAN CHUONG REO SETB P1.3

MOV R3,#1 LJMP THOAT CHUONG_CHAN: ;GIO CHAN THI BAO CHUONG CHAN CLR P1.4 LCALL DELAY_CHUONG ;THOI GIAN CHUONG REO SETB P1.4

MOV R3,#00 ;************************************************* THOAT: INC R0 INC R0

INC R1 CJNE R0,#06,X11 RET ;******************************************** ENABLE_RTC: MOV R0,#0AH MOV A,#0AFH MOVX @R0,A MOV R0,#0BH MOV A,#0EH MOVX @R0,A RET ;******************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH DOC TU RTC VAO VXL ;******************************************** DOC: MOV R0,#0 MOV R1,#20H X1: MOVX A,@R0 MOV @R1,A INC R0 INC R0 INC R1 CJNE R0,#06,X1 RET ;********************************************* ;********************************************* ;CHUYEN TU SO HEX SANG BCD ;********************************************* HEX_BCD: MOV A,20H MOV B,#10 DIV AB MOV 23H,B MOV 24H,A MOV A,21H MOV B,#10 DIV AB MOV 25H,B MOV 26H,A MOV A,22H MOV B,#10 DIV AB MOV 27H,B MOV 28H,A RET ;********************************************* ;********************************************* ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH QUET LED ;********************************************* HIEN_THI: MOV A,23H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED6

SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,24H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED5 SETB LED6 LCALL DELAY MOV A,25H ORL A,#70H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,26H ORL A,#0B0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,27H ORL A,#0D0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,28H ORL A,#0E0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY RET ;*************************************************** ;*************************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH NGAT DE CHINH GIO PHUT ;CO LONG VAO CHUONG TRINH CHON LED DE LED NHAP NHAY ;*************************************************** NGAT: MOV R0,#0BH MOV A,#80H MOVX @R0,A LCALL HIEN_THI1 JNB P3.2,NGAT LOOP1: LCALL HIEN_THI1 JNB P3.2,THOAT_NGAT JNB P3.3,TANG_GIATRI_PHUT JNB P3.4,GIAM_GIATRI_PHUT JNB P3.5,CHUYEN1 LJMP LOOP1 THOAT_NGAT: LCALL HIEN_THI JNB P3.2,THOAT_NGAT MOV R0,#0 MOV A,20H

MOVX @R0,A LCALL HEX_BCD LCALL HIEN_THI MOV R0,#0AH MOV A,#0AFH MOVX @R0,A MOV R0,#0BH MOV A,#0EH MOVX @R0,A RETI CHUYEN1: LCALL HIEN_THI JNB P3.5,CHUYEN1 INC R2 MOV A,R2 CJNE A,#2,RETURN MOV R2,#0 RETURN: LJMP LOOP2 TANG_GIATRI_PHUT: LCALL HIEN_THI MOV A,21H INC A CJNE A,#60,CONT_1 MOV A,#0 CONT_1: MOV 21H,A MOV R0,#2 MOVX @R0,A LCALL HEX_BCD LJMP LOOP1 GIAM_GIATRI_PHUT: LCALL HIEN_THI MOV A,21H CJNE A,#0,CONT_3 MOV A,#60 CONT_3: DEC A MOV 21H,A MOV R0,#2 MOVX @R0,A LCALL HEX_BCD LJMP LOOP1 LOOP2: LCALL HIEN_THI2 JNB P3.2,THOAT_NGAT JNB P3.3,TANG_GIATRI_GIO JNB P3.4,GIAM_GIATRI_GIO JNB P3.5,CHUYEN2 LJMP LOOP2 CHUYEN2: LCALL HIEN_THI2 JNB P3.5,CHUYEN2 INC R2 MOV A,R2 CJNE A,#2,RETURN2

MOV R2,#0 RETURN2: LJMP LOOP1 TANG_GIATRI_GIO: LCALL HIEN_THI MOV A,22H INC A CJNE A,#24,CONT_22 MOV A,#0 CONT_22: MOV 22H,A MOV R0,#4 MOVX @R0,A LCALL HEX_BCD LJMP LOOP2 GIAM_GIATRI_GIO: LCALL HIEN_THI MOV A,22H CJNE A,#0,CONT_42 MOV A,#24 CONT_42: DEC A MOV 22H,A MOV R0,#4 MOVX @R0,A LCALL HEX_BCD LJMP LOOP2 ;************************************************** ;************************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH LAM CHO PHUT CHOP TAT ;************************************************** HIEN_THI1: MOV A,23H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,24H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED5 SETB LED6 LCALL DELAY MOV A,25H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY LCALL PHUTTAT MOV A,26H ORL A,#0F0H

MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY LCALL PHUTTAT MOV A,27H ORL A,#0D0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,28H ORL A,#0E0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY LCALL DELAY_THOIGIANLEDSANG RET PHUTTAT: MOV A,23H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,24H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED5 SETB LED6 LCALL DELAY MOV A,25H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,26H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,27H ORL A,#0D0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY

MOV A,28H ORL A,#0E0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY RET ;*********************************************** ;*********************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH LAM CHO GIO CHOP TAT ;*********************************************** HIEN_THI2: MOV A,23H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,24H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED5 SETB LED6 LCALL DELAY MOV A,25H ORL A,#70H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,26H ORL A,#0B0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,27H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY LCALL GIOTAT MOV A,28H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY LCALL GIOTAT LCALL DELAY_THOIGIANLEDSANG

RET GIOTAT: MOV A,23H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,24H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A CLR LED5 SETB LED6 LCALL DELAY MOV A,25H ORL A,#70H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,26H ORL A,#0B0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,27H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY MOV A,28H ORL A,#0F0H MOV P2,A SETB LED6 SETB LED5 LCALL DELAY RET ;************************************************** ;;************************************************* ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH DE 2LED DON CHOP TAT ;************************************************** CHOPTAT: CLR P1.2 LCALL DELAY_CHOPTAT SETB P1.2 LCALL DELAY_CHOPTAT RET ;**************************************************

;************************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH DELAY 2.5MS DE QUET LED ;************************************************** DELAY: PUSH 00H PUSH 01H MOV R1,#5 DEL: MOV R0,#250 DJNZ R0,$ DJNZ R1,DEL POP 01H POP 00H RET ;************************************************** ;************************************************** ;DOAN CHUONG TRINH TAO THOI GIAN BAT CHUONG BAO LAU ;************************************************** DELAY_CHUONG: MOV R7,#250 LAP3: MOV R6,#250 ;LCALL CHOPTAT LCALL DOC LCALL HEX_BCD LCALL HIEN_THI DJNZ R6,$ DJNZ R7,LAP3 RET ;*************************************************** DELAY_THOIGIANLEDSANG: MOV R7,#5 LAP1: MOV R6,#10 LCALL DOC LCALL HEX_BCD LCALL HIEN_THI DJNZ R6,$ DJNZ R7,LAP1 RET ;************************************************** DELAY_CHOPTAT: MOV R7,#36 LAP2: MOV R6,#100 LCALL DOC LCALL HEX_BCD LCALL HIEN_THI DJNZ R6,$ DJNZ R7,LAP2 RET

END

III. Phn 3: Phn kt

I. Ti liu tham kho: - Gio trnh Vi X L(trng H CNTP.HCM)-Phm Quang Tr. - www.diendandientu.com.vn - www.alldatasheet.com

II. Li kt: Lm c mt sn phm thc t v c gi tr th tht l thch th.Mt ln na em xin cm n cc thy c gio khoa c-in t v thy Trn Nguyn Bo Trn rt nhiu. chc cc thy c di do sc kho v lun l ngn uc sng ch dn cho chng em trn con ng pha trc.