do an cung cap dien hoan chinh 2

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh

CHNG 1 TNH TON PH TI PHN XNG1.1 T VN : Thc t cho thy, phu tai in cua cng trinh khng ngng tng ln nn vic thit k cung cp in at c kt qua tt thi khi thit k cung cp in cho mt cng trinh nao o du ln hay nho thi nhim vu u tin t ra cho ngi thit k la phai xac inh ph tai in cua cng trinh, nhu cu s dung in cung nh thi gian s dung phu tai cc ai.Tuy theo mc phat trin cua cng trinh ma phu tai in phai c xac inh theo phu tai thc t hoc tinh n kha nng phat trin, m rng cua cng trinh trong tng lai. Luc nay, ngi thit k phai giai bai toan d bao phu tai ngn han va dai han. Thng thng co ba loai d bao chu yu: + D bao tm ngn: khoang 1 n 2 nm + D bao tm va: khoang 3 n 10 nm + D bao tm xa hay dai han:khoang 15 n 20 nm va dai hn. Tm d bao cang ngn thi chinh xac cang cao. Do o, vic xac inh nhu cu v in chinh la xac inh phu tai cua cng trinh ngay sau khi a vao vn hanh. Phu tai nay thng c goi la phu tai tinh toan. - Khi thit k, ta phai xac inh c phu tai tinh toan chon cac thit bi in nh: may bin ap, dy dn, cac thit bi ong ct, bao v, la chon cng sut ngun, in ap ngun, la chon thit bi bu..Vy phu tai tinh toan la s liu quan trong thit k cung cp in. - Phu tai in phu thuc vao nhiu yu t nh: cng sut, s lng cac thit bi, ch vn hanh cua chung, qui trinh cng ngh san xut, nh vy vic thit k cung cp in la mt nhim vu kho khn, c bit la phai am bao ung yu cu thit k nu phu tai tinh toan nho hn phu tai thc t thi se lam giam tui tho cua cac thit bi in, n n chay n rt nguy him. Nu phu tai tinh toan ln hn phu tai thc t nhiu thi cac thit bi chon se qua ln so vi yn cu, do o gy lang phi. - Do phu tai tinh toan phu thuc vao nhiu yu t khac nhau nn vic vic tinh toan chinh xac la kho co th thc hin c mc du hin nay a co nhiu phng phap tinh toan phu tai in nhng mi phng phap u co nhng han ch ring: phng phap dn gian thi cho kt qua khng chinh xac con phng phap cho kt quaSVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in


chinh xac lai qua phc tap, vi vy trong thit k, khi n gian cng thc xac dinh phu tai in thi cho phep sai s 10%. 1.2. C IM PHN XNG 7 Phn xng 7 vi tng din tich mt bng F = 54 x 18 (m2), phn xng cao 8 m tinh t mt mt t, nn xi mng,phn xng dng mi tn km, ton b phn xng c 5 ca ra vo hai cnh ( mt ca chinh va bn ca phu). Phn xng gm co phong KCS, kho va phn din tich b tri thit bi ( bao gm 34 thit bi) va ni lam vic cua cng nhn, ngoai ra con co h thng chiu sang. Phu tai cua phn xng chu yu la ng c va may han, thit bi chiu sang, phn xng ly in t ng dy 22kv, ng dy mt l (phu tai loai 3). 1.3.THNG S VA S MT BNG PHN XNG 7 1.3.1 Bang thng s thit bi phn xng 7:Ky hiu trn mt bng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 48 9 10 11 12 1 1 S lng 3 2 5 3 5 1 2 2 3 3 3 6 3 2

STT

Pm ( Kw)

Cos

Ksd

Ghi chu

2 1 5 5 7

12 7

12

11

11

1.3.2. S b tri may trn mt bng phn xng 7:2 3 3 SVTH: Nguyn H 3 Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 KCS KHO - MSSV: 06402243 8 1 0 1 0

11

2

8

8

54000

18000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 84 9 10 11 12

4

3

12.0 18.0 5.0 11.0 11.0 7.0 14.0 11.0 5.0 12.0 16.0 18.0

0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

9

0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 90.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9

5

5

5

10

an cung cp in


NHM 2

NHM 3

NHM 1

NHM 4

1.4. PHN NHOM PHU TAI1.4.1 PHN NHOM PHU TAI TINH TOAN Cn c vao vic b tri thit bi cua phn xng va yu cu lam vic thun tin nht, lam vic co hiu qua nht thng qua cac chc nng hoat ng cua cac thit bi. Ngoai cac yu cu v ky thut thi ta phai at yu cu v kinh t, khng nn qua nhiu cac nhom lam vic ng thi, qua nhiu tu ng lc nh th se khng am bao tinh kinh t. Tuy nhin, mt s yu t quan trong am bao cac yu cu trn la phai chu y n vn phn loai phu tai. Vi phn nhom phu tai se quyt inh tu phn phi trong phn xng, s tuyn dy vao ra cua tu phn phi. - Vic phn nhom phu tai phai am bao cac yu t sau: + Cac thit bi trong cung mt nhom nn co cung chc nng. + Phn nhom theo khu vc ( cac thit bi gn nhau thi phn cung mt nhom).SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 3

an cung cp in


+ Phn nhom cn phai chu y phn u cng sut cho cac nhom hoc chnh lch cng sut gia cac pha nho. + Phn nhom da vao dong tai cung nhom gn vi dong tai cua CB chun hay s nhom, khng nn qua nhiu tuy thuc vao quy m cua phn xng. Ngoai ra, con cn c vao vi tri lp t cua thit bi, tinh cht, ch va khu vc lam vic. + S nhom khng nn qua nhiu ( khoang t 2 n 4 nhom). + Trong cung mt tuyn dy cung cp t tu phn phi thi khng nn khng nn b tri thit bi co cng sut ln cui tuyn. - n gian cho vic thit k, ta chia phu tai thanh hai nhom phu tai: phu tai ng lc va phu tai chiu sang. Tai mi nhom, ta t tu ng lc cho cac thit bi va cac thit bi chiu sang, cac thit bi c chia thanh tng nhom nho nh cac bang bn di: Nhom th nht gm co 11 thit bi c phn b gn nhau:Nhom 1 SST 1 2 3 4 5 Tng Ki hiu trn mt bng 1 2 3 5 8 S lng 3 2 3 2 1 11 Pmj ( Kw) 12.0 18.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 Pmj ( Kw) 36.0 36.0 33.0 22.0 11.0 138.0 Cos j 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Ksd 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8

Nhom th hai gm co 6 thit bi c phn b gn nhauSST Ki hiu trn SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK S lng Nhom 2 Pmj ( Kw) Pmj ( Kw) Cos j Ksd 4

- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in mt bng 1 3 2 4 3 6 Tng

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh 2 3 1 6 5.0 11.0 7.0 10.0 33.0 7.0 50.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9

Nhom th ba gm co 7 thit bi c phn b gn nhauNhom 3 SST 1 2 3 Tng Ki hiu trn mt bng 5 9 10 S lng 3 3 1 7 Nhom 4 SST 1 2 3 4 5 Tng Ki hiu trn mt bng 7 8 10 11 12 S lng 2 2 2 3 2 11 Pmj ( Kw) 14.0 11.0 12.0 16.0 18.0 Pmj ( Kw) 28.0 22.0 24.0 48.0 36.0 158.0 Cos j 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 Ksd 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 Pmj ( Kw) 11.0 5.0 12.0 Pmj ( Kw) 33.0 15.0 12.0 60.0 Cos j 0.7 0.7 0.8 Ksd 0.8 0.8 0.7

Nhom th t gm co 11 thit bi c phn b gn nhau

1.5. XAC INH PHU TAI TINH TOAN CHO PHN XNG a. Xac inh phu tai tinh toan cho tng nhom Nhom 1: + Xac inh h s cng sut trung binh costb cua nhom 1:

SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK

- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

5

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minhj

cos tb1 =

cos j =1 n j =1

n

Pmj

Pmj

=

3 12.0 0.7 + 2 18.0 0.7 + 3 5.0 0.8 + 2 11.0 0.7 + 1 11.0 0.7 138

cos tb1 =0.62 + Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 1: Ksdtb1 =

Kj =1 n

n

sdj

Pmj

Pj =1

=

3 12.0 0.7 + 2 18.0 0.8 + 3 5.0 0.9 + 2 11.0 0.8 + 1 11.0 0.8 138

mj

Ksdtb1=0.68+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 1: Pttlnhom1= Kt Ksdtb1 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )j =1 n

= 0.75 0.68138 = 70.38 (KW). Qttlnhom1= Pttlnhom1tg tb1 = 70.38 tg(arccos 0.62)= 89.064 (KVar).2 2 Sttlnhom1= Ptt ln hom1 + Qtt ln hom1 = 70.38 2 + 89.064 2 = 113.515 (KVA).

Ittlnhom1 =

S tttlnhom 1 3 U m

=

113.515(KV A) 3 380(V )

= 172469 (A ).

Nhom 2: + Xac inh h s cng sut trung binh cos tb cua nhom 2: cos tb2 =

cos j =1 n j =1

n

j

Pmj

P

=

2 5.0 0.8 + 3 11.0 0.7 + 1 7.0 0.7 = 0.72 50

mj

+ Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 2:


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

6

an cung cp in


Ksdtb2 =

Kj =1 n

n

sdj

Pmj

Pj =1

=

2 5.0 0.9 + 3 11.0 0.7 + 1 7.0 0.9 = 0.768 50

mj

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 2: Pttlnhom2= Kt Ksdtb2 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )j =1 n

= 0.75 0.76850 =28.8 (KW) Qttlnhom2= Pttlnhom2 tg tb2 = 28.8 tg(arccos 0.72)= 27.559 (KVar)2 2 Sttmhom2= Ptt ln hom 2 + Qtt ln hom 2 = 28.8 2 + 27.759 2 = 40 (KVA).

Ittlnhom2 =

S tttlnhom 2 3 U m

=

40(KVA) 3 380(V )

=60.774 (A ).


cos j =1 n j =1

n

j

Pmj

P

=

3 11.0 0.7 + 3 5.0 0.7 + 112.0 0.8 = 0.72 60

mj

+ Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 3: Ksdtb3 =

Kj =1 n

n

sdj

Pmj

Pj =1

=

3 11.0 0.8 + 3 5.0 0.8 + 1 12.0 0.7 = 0.78 60

mj

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 3: Pttlnhom3= Kt Ksdtb3 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )j =1 n

= 0.75 0.78 60 = 35.1 (KW) Qttlnhom3= Pttlnhom3tg tb3 = 35.1 tg(arccos 0.72)= 33.831 (KVar)2 2 Sttlnhom3= Ptt ln hom 3 + Qtt ln hom 3 = 35.12 + 33.3812 = 48.438(KVA).

Ittlnhom3 =

S tttlnhom 3 3 U m

=

48.438(KVA ) 3 380(V )

= 73.594 (A ).7


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in



cos j =1 n j =1

n

j

Pmj

P

mj

cos tb4 =

2 14.0 0.7 + 2 11.0 0.7 + 2 12.0 0.8 + 3 16.0 0.7 + 2 18.0 0.7 158

cos tb4 =0.715 + Xac inh h s s dung trung binh cua nhom 4: Ksdtb4=

Kj =1 n

n

sdj

Pmjmj

Pj =1

Ksdtb4 =

2 14.0 0.7 + 2 11.0 0.8 + 2 12.0 0.7 + 3 16.0 0.8 + 2 18.0 0.9 158

Ksdtb4 = 0.79 + Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cua nhom 4: Pttlnhom4= Kt Ksdtb4 Pmj , vi Kt = 0.75 ( Bng B18 Tiu chun IEC )j =1 n

= 0.75 0.79158 = 93.615 (KW) Qttlnhom4= Pttlnhom4tg tb4 = 93.615 tg(arccos 0.715)= 91.536(KVar)2 2 Sttlnhom4= Ptt ln hom 4 + Qtt ln hom 4 = 93.615 2 + 91.536 2 = 130.93 (KVA).

Ittlnhom4 =

S tttlnhom 4 3 U m

=

130.93(KVA ) 3 380(V )

= 198.927 (A ).

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan ng lc cho toan phn xng: Pttlpx=

Pj =1

n

tt ln hom i

= Pttlnhom1+ Pttlnhom2 + Pttlnhom3 + Pttlnhom4= 70.38+28.8+35.1+93.615=

227.895(KW)


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

8

an cung cp in


Qttlpx=

Qj =1

n

tt ln hom i

= Qttlnhom1+ Qttlnhom2+ Qttlnhom3+ Qttlnhom4= 89.064+27.559 +33.831

+91.536 Qttlpx = 241.99 (KVar). + Xac inh phu tai chiu sang cua toan phn xng theo phng phap chiu sang trn mt n vi din tich: Do tinh cht san xut va c im cua phn xng san xut, ta tam xem toan phn xng c chiu sang nh nhau vi loai en MetalHalide. Vi phn xng c khi va han nn ta chon sut phu tai chiu sang trn mt n vi din tich san xut la P0= 14 (W/m2), coscs = 0.6 ( Tra bang 2-5. Sut phu tai chiu sang cua mt s phn xng- Sach cung cp in Nguyn Xun Phu). Pttcspx= P0 F = 14 54 18 = 13608 (W) = 13.608 (KW) Qttcspx= Pttcspx tgcs= 13.608 tg (arccos 0.6) = 18,24 (KVar)2 2 Sttcspx= Pttcspx + Qttcspx = 13.608 2 + 18.24 2 = 22.757(KVA).

Ittcspx =

S ttcspx 3 U m

=

22,757(KVA ) 3 380(V )

= 34.576(A ).

+ Xac inh phu tai tinh toan cho toan phn xng: Trong thc t thi phn xng khi lam vic thi khng hn cac thit bi cung hoat ng mt luc, do o khi xac inh phu tai tinh toan cho toan phn xng ta phai xet thm h s ng thi Kt, y ta chon h s ng thi cho 4 nhom may trong khoang Kt = 0.8 1. Chon Kt = 0.9. Pttpx= Kt ( Pttlpx+ Pttcspx) = 0.9 ( 227.895+ 13.608 ) = 217.353 (KW). Qttpx= Kt ( Qttlpx+ Qttcspx) = 0.9 ( 241.99 + 18.24 ) = 234.207 (KVar).2 2 Sttpx= Pttpx + Qttpx = 217.353 2 + 234.207 2 = 319.523 (KVA).

Ittpx =

S ttpx 3 U m

=

319.523(KV A) 3 380(V )

= 485.466(A ).


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

9

an cung cp in


CHNG 2 TINH TOAN CHON TRAM BIN AP2.1 CHON S LNG VA CNG SUT CUA TRAM BIN AP: Vn u t cua tram bin ap chim mt phn rt quan trong trong tng s vn u t cua h thng in. Vi vy, vic chon vi tri, s lng va cng sut inh mc cua may bin ap la vic lam rt quan trong. chon tram bin ap cn a ra mt s phng an co xet n cac rang but cu th va tin hanh tinh toan so sanh kinh t ky thut chon phng an ti u. 1. Chon vi tri tram bin ap: - xac inh vi tri cua tram bin ap cn xem xet cac yu cu sau: Gn tm phu tai. Thun tin cho cac ng dy vao ra. Thun tin trong qua trinh lp t va thi cng xy dng. Thao tac, vn hanh, sa cha, quan ly d dang t ni it ngi qua lai, thng thoang. Phong chng chay n, m t, bui bm, n mon. An toan cho ngi va thit bi. Tit kim chi phi u t va chi phi vn hanh hang nm la be nht. - Trong thc t, vic t tram bin ap at tt ca cac yu cu trn la rt kho khn. Do o, tuy thuc vao iu kin cu th ma ta t tram sao cho hp ly nht. 2.1.2 Chon s lng va chng loai may bin ap: - Co nhiu phng phap xac inh s lng va chng loai may bin ap, nhng thng da vao cac nguyn tc sau: Chung loai may bin ap trong mt tram bin ap nn ng nht ( hoc it chung loai nht), giam s lng may bin ap d phong va thun tin lp t, vn hanh. Chon s lng may bin ap phu thuc vao cac yu t: - Yu cu v lien tuc cung cp in cho phu tai.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 10

an cung cp in


- Yu cu v la chon dung lng may bin ap hp ly. - Yu cu v vn hanh kinh t tram bin ap. - i vi h phu tai loai 1: la phu tai quan trong khng c phep mt in phai chon 2 may bin ap tr ln hoc cp ngun t hai ngun c lp. - i vi h phu tai loai hai: s lng may bin ap c chon tuy thuc vao vic so sanh cac hiu qua v kinh t ky thut, mt s h tiu thu loai 2 cho phep mt in tam thi, cung co th c cung cp t mt may bin ap. - i vi h phu tai loai 3: Trong tram co th t mt may bin ap, cng sut cua may bin ap c xac inh bng phu tai cc ai cua tram. - Tuy nhin, n gian trong vn hanh, s lng may bin ap trong mt tram bin ap khng nn qua 3 may va cac may nay nn cung chng loai va cng sut. 2.1.3. Xac inh dung lng may bin ap: - Hin nay, co rt nhiu phng phap xac inh dung lng may bin ap, nhng vn phai da theo cac nguyn tc sau: Chon theo iu kin lam vic binh thng co xet n qua tai cho phep (qua tai binh thng ). Mc qua tai phai c tinh sao cho hao mon cach in trong khoang thi gian ang xet khng c vt qua inh mc tng ng vi nhit cua cun dy la 980C. Khi qua tai binh thng, nhit im nong nht cua cun dy co th ln hn nhng khng vt qua 1400C va nhit lp du phia trn khng vt qua 950C. Kim tra theo iu kin qua tai s c ( h hong mt trong nhng may bin ap lam vic song song ) vi mt thi gian han ch khng gian oan cung cp in. - Do phn xng la phn xng c khi nn co th xp vao h tiu thu loai 3, vi vy chi cn t mt may bin ap trong tram la c. Cng sut inh mc may bin ap chon theo kha nng qua tai thng xuyn cua may bin ap. - Xac inh cng sut may bin ap theo kha nng qua tai cho phep cua may bin ap: Vi tram chi co mt may bin ap nn cng sut inh mc cua may bin ap c chon theo: SdmBA Sttpx= 319.523 ( KVA). Chn SdmBA= 320 ( KVA). Chn my bin p do ABB ch to.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 11

an cung cp in


Thng s ky thut may bin ap do ABB ch tao:

Tra bng 1.1 trang 19 s tay la chn v tra cu thit b in ca Ng Thi Quang chn my bin p phn phi do ABB ch to c cc thng s sau:Cng sut (KVA) 320 in ap (KV) 22/0.4 P0 (W) 720 PN (W) 4850 UN% 4 Kich thc (mm) Dai-Rng-Cao 1380-865-1525 Trong lng (Kg) 1275

2.2 O LNG VA KIM TRA TRONG TRAM. 2.2.1 Nguyn tc chung. Thit bi o lng va thit bi kim tra trong tram nhm muc ich sau: - o lng cac ai lng V, I, P, Q, A, Cos. - Giam sat tinh trang vn hanh cua thit bi va tinh trang vn hanh cua tram. Cac yu cu i vi thit bi o lng va kim tra trong tram nh sau: - Cac thit bi o lng va kim tra cn phai co chinh xac va tin cy cn thit. - Cac thit bi o lng phai c t vi tri d quan sat va vn hanh. - S thit bi o lng cn t it nhng phai am bao theo doi vn hanh tt. + S m ta tram bin ap:


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

12

an cung cp in


2 2K V

L A

FC O

C T

K W H

C V M B A 400K V A 2 2 K V / 0 .4 K V

M C C B

L O A D

MBA 320 KVA

- Tram c cp ngun t mang trung th 22 Kv. bao v cho tram, ta t LA ( chng set van ) bao v chng set, cu chi t ri FCO bao v qua tai va ngn mach trong tram 2.2.2. o lng va kim tra trong tram: - Ta gn h thng o lng phia trung ap vi khi do ta co th o c ca tn tht cua may bin ap va tai tiu thu in thng qua cun dong CT va cun ap CV.


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

13

an cung cp in


CHNG 3 CHON PHNG AN I DY3.1 T VN : - S cung cp in cho cac thit bi phn xng phu thuc vao cng sut thit bi, s lng cua thit bi, s phn b cua chung trong mt bng phn xng va cac thit bi khac. - S cung cp cp in cn phai thoa man cac iu kin sau: - am bao cht lng din nng. - am bao lien tuc cung cp in theo yu cu cua phu tai. - Linh hoat khi thi cng, khi co s c, thun tin khi bao tri va sa cha. - An toan trong vn hanh. - am bao tinh kinh t: chi phi vn u t, phi tn kim loai mau, chi phi vn hanh hang nm, chi phi tn tht in nng. - S ni dy n gian, ro rang, d thi cng. - Ngoai ra con phai xet n cac yu t, c im cng ngh, yu cu cung cp in cua phu tai, kha nng tai chinh va trinh ky thut. 3.2 CAC PHNG AN I DY: - Co 3 phng an i dy chinh trong mang in: i dy theo mang hinh tia, i dy theo mang phn nhanh va i dy theo mang hn hp. Phng an i dy theo mang hinh tia: dung cung cp cho cac phu tai phn tan va cac tai tp trung co cng sut tng i ln ( trong s nay t thanh cai cua tram bin ap co cac ng dy cung cp thng cho cac phu tai nay). - T thanh cai cua tram bin ap co cac ng dy dn n cac tu phn phi ng lc. T tu phn phi ng lc co cac ng dy dn n phu tai.


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

14

an cung cp in


BA MCCB

MCB MCB 2 2 2

MCB MCB

3

u im: tuin cy tng i cao. n gian trong vn hanh, lp t , bao tri hay cai tao mang in. Sut ap thp. Nhc im: Chi phi u t cao. S tr nn phc tap khi co nhiu phu tai trong nhom. Khi co s c xay ra tn ng dy t tu phn phi chinh n cac tu phn phi phu thi mt s lng phu tai bi mt in. - Thng c dung trong cac phn xng co thit bi phn tan trn din tich rng nh: phn xng gia cng c khi, dt, st. Phng an i dy theo mang phn nhanh: S phn nhanh thng c dung cho cac phn xng co phu tai khng quan trong, phu tai co cng sut nho, phn tan. Trong s phn nhanh ta co th cung cp in cho nhiu phu tai hoc cac tu phn phi phu. u im: Giam c s tuyn dy i ra t ngun trong trng hp co nhiu phu tai. Giam c chi phi xy dng mang in. Co th phn phi cng sut u trn cac tuyn dy. Tit kim c tu phn phi.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 15

an cung cp in


Nhc im: Phc tap trong vn hanh va sa cha. Cac thit bi cui ng dy bi sut ap ln. tin cy cung cp in thp.

BA MCCB MCB

MCB

MCB

MCB MCB

Load Load

Load

Phng an i dy theo mang hn hp la s kt hp gia phng an i dy theo mang hinh tia va mang phn nhanh.

BA MCCB MCB MCB Load Load Load Load MCB

- s nay co u im cua 2 s trn.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 16

an cung cp in


tin cy cung cp in cao, thun tin cho qua trinh thi cng, lp t, vn hanh, sa cha. Gia thanh thp, tit kim c tu phn phi. Trong mang in phn xng, ngi ta thng s dung mang hinh tia va mang phn nhanh. Tuy theo tng nhom phu tai ma ta la chon phng an cung cp in hp ly. cung cp in cho phn xng ta s dung s hn hp vi no kt hp c ca chi tiu kinh t va ky thut. in nng t tram bin ap c a v tu phn phi cua phn xng thng qua cap ngm. Trong tu phn phi cua phn xng gm 1 CB tng va 5 CB nhanh, 4 CB cho 4 tu ng lc va 1 CB cho chiu sang. Mi tu ng lc cp in cho nhom phu tai theo s hn hp, cac phu tai quan trong va cng sut ln se nhn in trc tip t thanh cai cua tu ng lc, cac phu tai be va it quan trong ta cho vao nhom nhn in t tu theo s lien thng. d dang thao tac va tng thm tin cy cua cung cp in ta t CB tng cua tu lam nhim vu ong ct, bao v qua tai va ngn mach cho cac thit bi trong phn xng. Con cu chi ta t tai cac nhanh ra. 3.3 VACH PHNG AN I DY: TU NGUN S i dy trong phn xng: MDB Hinh 1: S hinh tia

TU PHN PHI DB1 121 MDB

TU PHN PHI DB2 2

TU PHN PHI DB 3

TU PHN PHI DB 4

TU PHN PHI CS

cung cp in cho phn xng, ta t mt tu ngun MBD ly in t tram bin ap 22KV/0.4KV, t tu ngun MDB cp in cho cac tu phn phi DB va thng dung s hinh tia nh hinh 1. Sau o, t tu phn phi DB ta cp cho phu tai va thng dung s hinh tia cho phu tai co cng sut ln, s phn nhanh cho phu tai co cng sut nho nh hinh 2.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 17

an cung cp in


Hinh 2: S phn nhanh va tiaTU PHN PHI DB

Phu tai co cng sut nho Phu tai co cng sut ln

Phng n i dy cho tng nhm thit b: Phng n i dy nhm 1:Thit b 2A, 2B 1A, 1B, 1C 3A 3B 3C 5A 5B 8A Nhnh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cng sut mi my ( KW ) 18.0 12.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 Cng sut mi nhnh ( KW ) 36.0 36.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 11.0 11.0 11.0

Phng n i dy nhm 2:Thit b 4A, 4B, 4C 3D 3E 6A Nhnh 1 2 3 4 Cng sut mi my ( KW ) 11.0 5.0 5.0 7.0 Cng sut mi nhnh ( KW ) 33.0 5.0 5.0 7.0


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

18

an cung cp in


Phng n i dy nhm 3:Thit b 5C 5D 5E 9A, 9B, 9C 10A Nhnh 1 2 3 4 5 Cng sut mi my ( KW ) 11.0 11.0 11.0 5.0 12.0 Cng sut mi nhnh ( KW ) 11.0 11.0 11.0 15.0 12.0

Phng n i dy nhm 4:Thit b 7A 7B 8B 8C 10B 10C 12A 12B 11A 11B 11C Nhnh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Cng sut mi my ( KW ) 14.0 14.0 11.0 11.0 12.0 12.0 18.0 18.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 Cng sut mi nhnh ( KW ) 14.0 14.0 11.0 11.0 12.0 12.0 18.0 18.0 16.0 16.0 16.0

Xac inh phng an lp t dy: Co nhiu phng phap la chon h thng dy dn va phng phap lp t dy cho phn xng: chn cp di t, lp trong rnh cp, lp dng hm di t , lp trn tng ca vt kin trc, lp pha trn trn nh,. Mi phng php u c u im ring, chn phng thc no th phi cn c vo cc nhn t nh iu kin hon cnh, di cp in, quy hoch pht trin, s lng cp.


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

19

an cung cp in


Cp in trc tip chn di t ch thch hp khi s lng dy cp t, cung cp in cho ph ti xa. Nhng phng thc ny tng i kinh t, d tn nhit, ng dng tng i rng ri. Nu lp t cp trong ni b cc x nghip, phn xng, trong cc trm bin p v phn phi in trong nh th c th t cp trong rnh cp, t trn cc gi trn tng hoc treo trn trn, ni chung khng nn chn trc tip di t. Khi c nhiu u ra, s ng cp 40 ng cp, c th phi xy dng hm cp tin cho vic lp t, bo tr, tu sa v cn to ra cc ng hm cp hoc l ng cp. Theo tiu chun IEC 364- 5 52 (1993) qui inh vic la chon va lp t h thng dy dn da trn cac nguyn tc lien quan n cap va dy dn, cach u ni, gia hay cap treo. Da theo tiu chun IEC bang 5.3 va bang 5.4 ( sach giao trinh cung cp in ca thy TS. Quyn Huy Anh ) kt hp vi tinh cht phu tai, c im phn xng, iu kin lam vic, kh nng phat trin cua phn xng ta chon phng thc i dy va phng phap lp t dy nh sau: T trm bin p n t phn phi chnh MDB s dng dy cp bc PVC, mt li, rut ng, dy c i trong ng nha v c chn ngm trong hm ptng su 1m c np y, dy cp phi ti c dng: Icp Ittpx = 503.247 ( A ), v chu c cp in p l 400V, ngun 3 pha 4 dy ( 3 dy pha v 1 dy N ). T t phn phi chnh MDB n cc t phn phi ph DB, ta cp ngun 3 pha 4 dy ( 3 dy pha v 1 dy N ), dy cp PVC, mt li, rut ng v c i trn mng, mng c lm bng tn cng v c treo trn tng vi cc thanh cp. i dy theo s hnh tia v i trn mng cp. T t phn phi ph DB n cc thit b ta i cp bc PVC, rut ng, 1 li 7 si, i ngm t t DB cho n thit b, cn phn chiu sng ta i dy treo tin cho vic sa cha v bo tr. i dy theo s hn hp. Do c im ca phn xng l phn xng c kh v hn nn thun li cho vic i li v vn chuyn ta chn phng n i dy ngm t t DB n thit b.


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

20

an cung cp in


T t MDB v t DB, ta i dy trn mng cp, t trm bin p v MDB, ta i dy trong ng v tin hnh chn ngm dy. Phng thc chn cp ngm: Dy in t trong ng chuyn dng ( ng gn bng nha cng khng chy hoc kh chy) chn ngm trong tng, sn hoc chn ngm trong t. Dy dn c t trn gi gn c nh trong cc hp gel t ng hoc t nm ngang. i vi dy t trong ng ngm th ngoi vic phi tnh tit din dy theo iu kin pht nng cn phi nhn cng dng in cho php i trong ng vi h s gim dng nu s dy trong cng mt ng tng: Nhn 0.68 nu c 5-6 dy, 0.63 nu c 7-9 dy, 0.6 nu c 10-12 dy. Cc mch ca cng mt t my, cng mt bng in, ca cng mt nhm n vi tng s dy trong mt ng khng qu 8 si. Cc ch r nhnh hoc ni dy in, cp in phi s dng mino hoc hp ni dy, cc dy dn tit din ln, mi ni phi hn hoc p bng kp t bit.Khng dng dy nhm cng t ngm v dy nhm d b gy ngm. u im: Thi cng n gin, gi thnh thp, tit kim vt t, cp c tn nhit tt, gim tn tht cng sut, tn tht in p, khng nh hng n vn hnh, to v m quan v m bo an ton cho ngi vn hnh. Nhc im: Khi lng o t ln, cp chn lu ngy di t d b cc cht c tnh axt, baz n mn, lm mc nt, r nhnh thng gp nhiu kh khn, khi xy ra h hng kh pht hin, vic sa cha tn km v i hi nhiu thi gian. + S N TUYN:


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

21

an cung cp in


FCO

LA MBA 400KVA 22 KV/ 0.4 KV MCCB

MCCB MDB MCCB MCCB MCCB MCCB MCCB

MCCB MCCB DB 3 DB 1 MCB MCCB DB 2 MCB MCB MCB MCCB DB 4 DB L MCCB


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

22

an cung cp in + S MT BNG I DY TU NG LC.



- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

23

an cung cp in


DBL 10 C

DB3

7B

1 8 ,0 0 0 L M BC AB A F C 2O 2 K V

M D DB B L

10 A

11 11 11

D

12 B

5

6 B

DB4

12 A

9 B

9 A

9 C

8

4 D

A

7A

6 A

DB2

2B

1 B

2C

2A

A1

4 A

4 B

4 C

2 A

B1

1 A

2 B

3A

DB 1 DB1

DB4

3 A

4 A

3B

3B

3 D

4 C

3C

4 B

DB4

1 C

3C

8A

3 EB

KHO

B

10 B

10 C

A

DB4

KCS

54,000

7A

E

8B

7A

10 A

10 B

8C

DB4


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

24

an cung cp in


+ Xc nh tm ph ti ca cc nhm thit b v phn xng: Tm ph ti l im m t im ny i n cc ti l gn nht. Mc ch ca vic xc nh tm ph ti chn v tr t t phn phi v trm bin p cho phn xng. Do ng i t tm ph ti n cc ti l ngn nht cho nn gim c tn tht in p, tn tht cng sut mang li ch tiu v kinh t, k thut cho d n. Nu coi ph ti phn b u trn din tch phn xng, th tm ph ti phn xng c th xem nh trng vi trng tm hnh hc ca phn xng trn mt bng. c th y do ta chia cc nhm ph ti cho tng t phn phi in tng i ng u trn mt din tch nn ta chn tm ph ti trng vi tm hnh hc ca tng nhm. Tuy nhin theo s mt bng tm ph ti nm gia phn xng, m bo an ton lin tc cung cp in v m quan nn ta di tm ph tai ca cc nhm v pha tng v tm ph ti (ni t my bin p) ra ngoi phn xng (th hin trong bng v i dy t ng lc v my bin p). Theo cch din gii trn ta xc nh c tm ph ti ca cc nhm ph ti v ca phn xng V tr t t phn phi phn xng v t phn phi ng lc cc nhm ph ti trong bng sau: Tn t T phn phi chnh T phn phi nhm 1 T phn phi nhm 2 T phn phi nhm 3 T phn phi nhm 4 T phn phi chiu sng X (m) 54 10 13 40 45 54 Y(m) 10 0 18 18 0 5


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

25

an cung cp in


CHNG 4 LA CHN CP IN4.1 Phng n i dy mng in phn xng: - Phn xng c cp in t trm bin p c cng sut 320(kVA). Trong phn xng t su t phn phi: Mt t phn phi chnh ly in t trm bin p cp in cho nm t phn phi cn li (mt t phn phi chiu sng v bn t phn phi cho bn nhm ph ti). - ng dy t trm bin p v t phn phi chnh MDB dng 5 si cp ng mt li, 3 si cho 3 pha, 1 si cho trung tnh v 1 cho dy ni t. - ng dy t t phn phi phn chnh MDB v cc t phn phi DB v DBL cng dng cp ng mt li, m bo tin cy cung cp in v thun tin trong vn hnh sa cha ta dng mng in hnh tia kt hp vi mng lin thng cp in cho phn xng. - T t phn phi phn xng i 5 l n 5 t phn phi cc nhm ph ti, ng ct v bo v cho cc l ny ta dng 5 ptmt(CB) v 1 ptmt tng, ngoi ra cn c l d phng. - Trong mi t phn phi c mt CB tng, mt thanh ci, v cc CB con. S lng CB con ph thuc vo s thit b trong tng nhm. - Cp in dn n cc t phn phi v thit b c i trong ng v t trong rnh cp ngm. 4.2 Chn dy dn cho cc ph ti: C nhiu phng php chn dy dn nh l: chn tit din dy dn theo phng php mt dng in kinh t Jkt, chn tit din dy dn theo phng php mt dng in khng i Jk, chn tit din dy dn theo phng php tn tht Ucp, chn tit din dy dn theo phng php iu kin pht nng cho php. Tuy nhin ng vi tng mng in c th m ta chn tit din dy dn theo mt phng php cho ph hp. y l mng in h p cp in cho cc thit b cho phn xng c kh, m bo tnh an ton lin tc cung cp in trong qu trnh vn hnh ta chn tit din dy dn theo iu kin pht nng cho php. Chn cp cch in bng PVC do CADIVI sn sut. Ta c cng thc:

I cp =

I m k hc- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 26


an cung cp in


Trong :

Im l dng in nh mc khc l h s hiu chnh kch = k4k5k6k7 k4: nh hng ca cch lp t k5: nh hng ca s dy i chung vi nhau k6: nh hng ca loi t k7: nh hng ca nhit t Tra bng chn: k4 = 0,8 dy i ngm k6 = 1 t kh k7 = 0,95 hiu chnh nhit ca cp 4.2.1/ Chn cp cho cc thit b in trong phn xng: Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng nhau c th nh sau: ng c 1, c cng sut nh mc 12 (kw) c 3 my chung 1 ng ti nn: 3 x 12(kw)= 36(kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 2, c cng sut nh mc 18 (kw) c 2 my chung 1 ng ti nn: 2 x 18(kw)= 36(kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 4, c cng sut nh mc 11 (kw) c 3 my chung 1 ng ti nn: 2 x 11(kw)= 33(kw) , cos = 0,7 Vy ta chn tit din dy theo cng sut ln nht l 36(kw) , cos = 0,7 Ta c:I m = P m = 3 co U s 3 0 0 6 10 =7 .1 ( A) 8 4 3 3 0 0,7 8

I cp

I m trong khc = k4k5k6k7 = 0,8110,95 = 0,76 k hc

k5 = 1: i mt mch trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp 78.14 I cp = 102.,82( A) 0,76


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

27

an cung cp in


Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC 25,0 6,42 110 0,727 PE 14 4,1 94 1,13

in p th (V) 2000 2000

Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng nhau c th nh sau: ng c 9, c cng sut nh mc 5 (kw) c 3 my chung 1 ng ti nn: 3 x 5(kw)= 15(kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 7: c cng sut nh mc 14 (kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 11: c cng sut nh mc 16 (kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 12: c cng sut nh mc 18 (kw) , cos = 0,7 Do ng c 12 c cng sut ln nht nn ta chn tit din dy theo ng c 12 Ta c:I m = P m = 3 co U s 1 00 8 10 =3 .1 ( A) 9 2 3 3 0 0,7 8

I cp

I m trong khc = k4k5k6k7 = 0,8110,95 = 0,76 k hc

k5 = 1: i mt mch trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp I cp 39.12 = 51.47( A) 0,76

Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy PE F (mm2) 310 2,0 d (mm) 4,05 1,8 I(A) 55 29 ro ( / km) 20oC 1,83 9,43 in p th (V) 1500 1500

Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng nhau c th nh sau: ng c 3, c cng sut nh mc 5 (kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 6, c cng sut nh mc 7 (kw) , cos = 0,7 Do ng c 7 c cng sut ln nht nn ta chn tit din dy theo ng c 7SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 28

an cung cp in


I m =

Pm = 3 co U s

7 0 0 10 =1 .2 ( A) 5 1 3 3 0 0,7 8

Dng in cho php ca cp: I cp 15.21 = 20( A) 0,76

Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC 32,0 1,8 20 9,43 PE 2,0 1,8 29 9,43

in p th (V) 1500 1500

Chn cp t t ng lc DB n cc my v nhm my c cng sut gn bng nhau c th nh sau: ng c 5, c cng sut nh mc 11 (kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 8, c cng sut nh mc 11 (kw) , cos = 0,7 ng c 10, c cng sut nh mc 12 (kw) , cos = 0,7 Do ng c 10 c cng sut ln nht nn ta chn tit din dy theo ng c 10P 1 00 2 10 m = = 2 ( A) 6 3 co U s 3 3 0 0,7 8 Dng in cho php ca cp: 26 I cp = 34.3( A) 0,76 Tra bng chn cp ba li v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V) 34,0 2,55 35 4,61 1500 PE 2,0 1,8 29 9,43 1500 I m =

4.2.2 chn cp cho cc t ng lc: Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 1(DB1) Cng sut tnh ton ph ti Pttnhom1 = 70.38 KW, costb1 = 0,62


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

29

an cung cp in


Ta c:I m =

Pm 7 .3 0 0 0 8 10 = =1 2 .6 ( A) 7 7 3 co U s 3 3 0 0,6 8 2

I cp

I m : kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684 k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp 172.67 I cp = 252( A) 0,684 Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V) 80,0 11,5 268 0,234 2500 PE 35,0 7,56 165 0,524 2500 Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 2(DB2) Cng sut tnh ton ph ti Pttnhom2 = 28.8 KW, costb2 = 0,72 Ta c:I m = Pm = 3 co U s 2 .8 0 0 8 10 =6 .8 ( A) 0 5 3 3 0 0,7 8 2

I cp

I m : kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684 k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp 60.85 I cp = 88.96( A) 0,684 Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V) 25,0 6,42 110 0,727 2000 PE 14 4,1 94 1,13 2000


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

30

an cung cp in


Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 3(DB3) Cng sut tnh ton ph ti Pttnhom3 = 31.1 KW, costb3 = 0,72 Ta c: Pm 3 .1 0 0 1 10 I m = = =6 .5 ( A) 7 8 3 co U s 3 3 0 0,7 8 2

I cp

I m : kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684 k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp 67.58 I cp = 98.8( A) 0,684 Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V) 25,0 6,42 110 0,727 2000 PE 14 4,1 94 1,13 2000 Chn cp t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 4(DB4) Cng sut tnh ton ph ti Pttnhom4 = 93.615 KW, costb4 = 0,715 Ta c:I m = Pm 9 .6 5 0 0 3 1 10 = =1 9 ( A) 9 3 co U s 3 3 0 0,7 5 8 1

I cp

I m : kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684 k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp I cp 199 = 291( A) 0,684


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

31

an cung cp in


Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha v dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V) 80,0 11,5 268 0,234 2500 PE 35,0 7,56 165 0,524 2500 Chn cp cho t phn phi chnh: Cng sut tnh ton t phn phi chnh Stt = 319.523 (KVA),costb = 0,7 Dng in tnh ton:I tt = S tt 3 0,4 = 319.523 3 0,4 = 461( A)

I cp

I m : kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684 k hc

k5 = 0,9: 3 dy i chung trong mt ng Dng in cho php ca cp I cp 400 = 675( A) 0,684

Tra bng chn ba cp mt li cho ba pha, dy trung tnh, dy bo v PE c thng s: Dy F (mm2) d (mm) I(A) ro ( / km) 20oC in p th (V) 325 23,4 680 0,0576 3500 N 200 18,2 480 0,094 3000 PE 185 17,46 450 0,099 3000 4.2.3 Chn thanh dn cho t phn phi: La chn thanh dn theo in kin dng in pht nng lu di cho php. Ta c cng thc:I cp I tt k1 k 2

Icp l dng in cho php ca thanh dn k1 h s hiu chnh theo cch t thanh dn (k1 = 1 t thng ng) k2 = 0,9 h s hiu chnh theo nhit La chn thanh dn cho t phn phi chnh MDB Dng in tnh ton:SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 32

Trong

an cung cp in I tt = S tt 3 0,4 = 319.523 3 0,4 = 461( A)


Dng in cho php ca thanh ciI cp I tt 461 = = 512( A) k1 k 2 0,9

Chn thanh dn hnh ch nht c cc thng s: Kch thc Tit din ca mt Khi lng 2 (mm) thanh (mm ) (kg/m) 404 160 1,424

Dng in cho php (A) 525

Chn thanh dn cho t ng lc ca cc nhm ph ti Ta chn thanh dn cho t ng lc ca cc nhm ph ti c cng kch thc v chn theo cng sut ca nhm ph ti ln nht (nhm 4): Cng sut tnh ton ph ti Pttnhom4 = 93.615 KW, costb4 = 0,715 Ta c:I m = P 9 .6 5 0 0 3 1 10 m = =1 9 ( A) 9 3 co U s 3 3 0 0,7 5 8 1

: kch = k4k5k6k7 = 0,80,910,95 = 0,684 Dng in cho php ca thanh ciI cp I tt 199 = = 221( A) k1 k 2 0,9

Chn thanh dn hnh ch nht c cc thng s: Kch thc Tit din ca mt Khi lng 2 (mm) thanh (mm ) (kg/m) 253 75 0,668

Dng in cho php (A) 240

4.2.4 Kim tra cc thit b in chn: + Kim tra cp in: Mt trong nhng ch tiu quan trng trong thit k cung cp in l cht lng in nng, l tn s v in p nm trong gi tr cho php. y ta kim tra cht lng in nng theo lch in p.U % = U U m 100 U m


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

33

an cung cp in


i vi mng h p U% 5%Um V U % =

Pi ri li + Qi xi li 100 U m

Trong :Pi(kw), Qi(kVAr) l cng sut truyn ti trn ng dy. ri, xi l in tr v in khng ca ng dy trn mt n v chiu di (/km) Um in p nh mc ca mng i vi cp xo = (0,6 0,8) /km + Kim tra iu kin st p iu kin kim tra tn tht in p l: Ucp = 5% Um = 0,05 x 380 = 19V Trong phn xng c kh nu cho tn tht in p qu lp th s bt li cho phn xng v s phi tr chi ph nhiu cho vic tn tht in p. trnh iu ny yu cu t ra ca nh thit k l phi lun m bo in p nh mc cho phn xng. V th dy dn phi ph hp vi ti, tuy chn dy rt k phn trn nhng ta vn phi kim tra s tn tht in p ca dy dn. Nu khng tha iu kin trn th ta phi chn li dy dn. Tn tht in p ph thuc vo in tr v in khng ca dy dn. Hai gi tr ny ph thuc vo chiu di dy dn v loi dy. V vy khi kim tra st p ta ch xt tuyn dy c chiu di xa nht tng ng. Da vo s mt bng b tr thit b ta cn kim tra iu kin st p t my bin p n t ng lc nhm 1. V iu kin st p t t ng lc nhm 4 n thit b s 7A. + Tn tht in p t t chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm 1(DB1) Ta c khong cch t my bin p n t phn phi chnh MBD l khng ng k nn khng cn tnh st p Khong cch t t phn phi chnh MDB n t ng lc nhm DB1 l l1 = 54m, ro=0.497 ( / km) in tr dy dn R1 = 0,234 x 0.054 = 0.01() in khng dy dn X1 = 0,7 x 0.054 = 0.0378() Tn tht in p t t phn phi chnh DBM n t ng lc nhm DB1:U 1 = Pttn 4 .R 2 + Qttn 4 x . X 2 (70.38 0.01) + (89.064 0.0378) = = 10.71V tra bang co c he so s dung CU= 1.09 * Bc 6: Xac nh he so mat mat anh sang LLF Tra bang co LLF = 0.62 * Bc 7: Chon o roi tieu chuan Emin = 300 lux. * Bc 8: Xac nh he so en toi thieu:0 4 nbd = Emin . S P LF = 5000 301, 09 8 0 , 62 =4,3 3 U C L bd

Chon 04 bo en. * Tong cong suat chieu sang tai khu vc at thiet b : P = 4 x 72 = 288w * Phan bo bo en theo hnh : Hai en cach nhau 3 met,cach tng theo hai pha lan lt 1,2 m va 1,5 m. 7.2.3 Khu vc kho * Bc 1: Xac nh kch thc : - Chieu dai: D1 =6 m. - Chieu rong : D2= 6 m. - Dien tch :SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

S = 36 m254

an cung cp in


- Chieu cao : * Bc 2 :

h = 4 m.

Xac nh cac he so phan xa cua tng , tran, san (Pt ,Ptr, Ps). - He so phan xa cua tng Pt = 50 % - He so phan xa cua tran Ptr =70% - He so phan xa cua san Ps = 10% * Bc 3 : Chon bo en Chon loai en quynh quang 2x36 w gan lom trong tran,ben di co rem toa sang :-

Cong suat en P = 36 w Quang thong = 250 lm Cong suat cua bo en Pb =72 w Quang thong cua bo en b =5000 lm. * Bc 4: o cao treo en theo tnh toan htt. Can c vao tran cao 4m, en treo sat tran, o cao be

- So bong en trong 1 bo en: 2bong-

mat lam viec tnh t at len 0,8m. htt. = h (h1v + hc = 4 (0+0.8) =3.2 m


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

55

an cung cp in


* Bc 5: Xac nh he so s dung en CU. He so s dung en phu thuoc vao : - Loai nguon sang .-

Cac he so phan xa tran, tng ,san. Pt , Ptr ,Ps.

- Ch so phong c xac nh nh sau:

i=

Sp htt ( D1 +D2 )

36 = 3.2( 6+6 ) = 0,94

T Pt,Ptr,Ps va i =>tra bang co c he so s dung CU= 0.9 * Bc 6: Xac nh he so mat mat anh sang LLF Tra bang co LLF = 0.72 * Bc 7: Chon o roi tieu chuan Emin = 150 lux. * Bc 8: Xac nh he so en toi thieu:

nbd = bdEmin .S P = 5000150 360, 72 =1,87 CU LLF 0 , 9Chon 2 bo en.

* Tong cong suat chieu sang tai khu vc at thiet b :SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 56

an cung cp in


P = 2x 72 = 144 w * Phan bo bo en theo hnh :6m Hai en cach nhau 3 met,cach tng theo hai pha

lan lt 2,5 m va 1,5 m.6m 7.2.4 Phan bo en

KCS

KHO


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

57

an cung cp in


3m 1.5m 2.4m

3m 3m 1.5m 1.2m

7.3 CHON DAY DAN VA CB CHO HE THONG CHIEU SANG e cung cap ien cho he thong chieu sang, ta at tu chieu sang gan ca chnh ra vao, lay ien t tu chnh . Tu chieu sang at 9 CB : 1CB 3pha va 7 CB 1 pha e cung


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

58

an cung cp in


cap cho 3 day en thiet b hai ben va 2 en gia 1CB cho KCS va 1CB cho Kho. T tu phan phoi chnh MDB en tu chieu sang DLB chon cap 1oi ong cach ien PVC, ky hieu CVV. T tu chieu sang DLB en cac day en ta chon phng an i day noi at trong ong nha i sat tng. 7.3.1 Chon day dan a/. Chon day dan t tu phan phoi chnh en tu chieu sang Dong ien tnh toan cua phu tai chieu sang : Ittcs =

I ttcs =

3 U dm cos cs

Pcs

=

5.43 3 0 , 38 1

= 8,25 ( A)

Chon K1 =0.95 ( cap treo tren tran nha) K2 = 0.85 ( vi so lng 2 cap at ke nhau) K3 = 1 ( nhiet o moi trng 30oC) K= K1K2K3 = 0.95 x 0.85 x 1 = 0.808

Do o :

I cp

I ttcs K

=

8.25 0.808

= 10,21( A)

Chon cap CVV 2.5mm2 co Icpm =30.1A Chieu dai la 25m b/. Chon day dan t tu chieu sang en cac day en thiet b + Day en 1 :


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

59

an cung cp in


( 3 en 250 w) tng t cho cac day en khac ( day en 2,3,4,5,6) tr day en gia. Dong ien tnh toan cua day en 1:

I tt =

Pday U dm cos cs

, 75 = 00231 = 3,26 ( A) ,


Do o :

I cp

I ttday K

=

3, 26 0.713

= 4,57( A)

Chon hai day n VC2mm2 co Icpm =24.1A Chieu dai la 35 m, cho cac day en (6 day ) 15 m cho day en gia. + Day en KCS Dong ien tnh toan cua day en KCS:0 288 I tt = U dm day cs = 0,,231 = 1,25 ( A) cos P


Do o :

I cp

I ttday K

=

1, 25 0.713

= 1,75( A)60

Chon hai day n VC1.5mm 2 co Icpm =21.3ASVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

an cung cp in


Chieu dai la 25 m. + Day en kho: Dong ien tnh toan cua day en Kho:

I tt =

Pday U dm cos cs

142 = 00,,231 = 0,6( A)


Do o :

I cp

I ttday K

=

0,6 0.713

= 0,86( A)

Chon hai day n VC1.5mm 2 co Icpm =21.3A Chieu dai 25 m 1.3 Tong ket day chieu sang:Th t Cap chnh Day TB KCS KHO Loai (mm2) CVV 2.5 VC 2.0 VC 1.5 VC 1.5 day Icpm(A) 30.1 24.1 21.3 21.3 Chieu dai (m) day 25 35 25 25

7.3.2 Chon CB a/. Tnh ngan mach cho chieu sang tongl Rdcs = P F = 22.5 25 = 562 .5m 1

Xdcs= X0 x l = 0.04 x15 = 0.6 m Ngan mach tai tu chieu sang:SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 61

an cung cp in

Rcs = RT +Rdcs

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh =22 + 562.5 = 584.5 m

Xcs = XT +Xdcs =44.11+ 0.6 = 44.17 m 2 2 Zcs = Z cs = Rcs + X cs = 584,5 2 + 44,17 2 = 586,16( A)

Dong ngan mach : IN =U dm 3 Z cs

=

400 3 586 ,16

= 0.39 KA

b/ .Tnh ngan mach cho cac day enRd = Xd = XO l l F

Ngan mach tai moi day en: RNM = Rcs + Rd XNM = Xcs + Xd2 2 Z = RNM + X NM

Dong ngan mach :

IN =

Udm Z

TT Tu chieu

F 2.50

I 25.00 35.00 15.00 25.00

ro 6.99 8.57 8.57

xo 0.04 0.04 0.04

RNM 584.5 0 978.2 5 753.2 5 959.5 0 959.5

XNM IN 44.17 0.39 45.57 0.22 44.70 0.29 45.17 0.23 45.17 0.23 62

sang Day en1, 2.00 ,6 Day en 7 KCS 2.00 1.50

11.19 0.04

KHO 1.50 25.00 11.19 0.04 SVTH: Nguyn H Quang - MSSV: 06402230 Nguyn Cng Thng - MSSV: 06402243 Lp: 06402230DAK

an cung cp in

Trng HSP KT TP H Ch Minh 0

c/. Chon CB cho tu va day en Chon CB loai C cua hang SiemensV tr So cc Dong lam viec Itt A) 10.21 4.75 1.75 0.86 Ma CB 5SX231 37CC 5SX210 67CC 5SX210 67CC 5SX210 67CC Dong Kha nang nh mc cat ICU (kA) In (A) 13 6 6 6 3 3 3 3

Tu chieu 3 sang Day en 1 TB KCS 1 KHO 1

CHNG 8: B CNG SUT PHN KHNG8.1 KHI QUT in nng l nng lng ch yu ca cc x nghip. Hu ht cc thit b in u ti th cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng. Cc thit b tiu th nhiu cng sut phn khng l: ng c khng ng b ,my bin p . H s cos l mt trong nhng ch tiu nh gi cc x nghip c dng in hp l v tip kim hay khng. Cng ty in lc lun khuyn khch cc x nghipSVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 63

an cung cp in


nh my hot ng vi cng sut cos cng cao cng tt.B cng sut phan khng nhm nng cao h s cos . 8.2 NGHA CA VIC B CNG SUT PHAN KHNG: 8.2.1 Gim tn tht cng sut trong mng in Tn tht cng sut trn ng dy c tnh nh sau:P2 + Q2 P2 Q2 .R = 2 .R + 2 .R U2 U U P = P( P ) + P( Q ) P =

R: in tr ca phn t gy tn tht , P: Tn tht cng sut tc dng ,KW P,Q :Cng sut tc dng ,cng sut phn khng truyn qua R. Gim lng Q truyn ti trn ng dy ta gim c thnh phn tn tht cng sut P do Q gy ra. 8.2.2 Gim tn tht in p trong mng in. Trong :P.R + Q. X PR QX = + U U U U = U ( P ) + U ( Q ) U =

Gim lng Q truyn ti trn ng dy ta gim c thnh phn U do Q gy ra. 8.2.3 Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin p Vi I = const ,khi gim Q th kh nng truyn cng sut tc dng P tng ln.I= P2 + Q2 3.U

8.2.4 Gim c chi ph kim loi mu v cng sut my bin p trong khu thit k.

8.3 CC BIN PHP NNG CAO H S COS 8.3.1 B t nhin - Gm cc thit b nh sau : - Gim thi gian chy khng ti ca cc thit b. - Gim in p ca cc thit b chy non ti . - S dng ng c ng b thay cho ng c khng ng b c cng cng sut. - Ci tin quy trnh cng ngh cc thit b lm vic ch hp l . - Hn ch ng c chy khng ti . - Thay th nhng my bin p lm vic non ti bng nhng my bin p c dung lng nh hn.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 64

an cung cp in


8.3.2 B nhn to a/. T b T b thng c v bng kim loi nhm,c bulng v ai c c nh ni v vi t . Cht lng lm in mi l polypropylene, in cc cc hp kim nhm. Theo s pha th c 2 loi t l t 1 pha v t 3 pha.Dung lng thng l 0.5 25kVar. V vy mun c dung lng b ln phi dng nhiu t du song song. T h p c ch to vi cc cp ngun in p 230V 400V 440V u im ca t b: - Gi thnh thp ,gi 1kVar b nh hn cc thit b khc - Lp t v vn hnh n gin - Tn tht cng sut trong t in nh ,khong 0.5W/kVar. - C th b theo cng sut (iu chnh dung lng b). - T c nhiu cp in p c th b nhiu li in khc nhau. Nhc im. - D h hng khi xy ra hin tng qu p. - Dung lng t gim nhiu khi in p mng gim. - Khi cn dung lng b ln th t b khng thch hp. - T b khng th iu chnh trn c. - Khng c kh nng tiu th cng sut phn khng. b/. My b ng b. My b ng b thc cht l my pht in lm vic theo nguyn l ca ng c ng b. ch qu kch t ,my b s pht ra cng sut phn khng cung cp cho mng in. Cn ch thiu kch t my b s tiu th cng sut phn khng ca mng. My b cn c l thit b c th c dng iu chnh in p mng in .My b c ch to vi cng sut nh mc t vi trm kVar n vi chc Mvar. u im ca my b. - C th tiu th hay sinh ra cng sut phn khng cho mng. - Lng cng sut phn khng sinh ra ln. - C th b t ng (b trn) - Lng cng sut phn khng khng ph thuc vo in p mng in. - bn c, nhit cao. Khuyt im. - Lp t v vn hnh phc tp. - Gi thnh cao. - Khi sinh ra cng sut phn khng phi tiu th cng sut tc dng dng k.SVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 65

an cung cp in


8.4 VI TR LP T T V TNH TON DUNG LNG B. 8.4.1 B tp trung. p dng khi ti n nh v lin tc. u im. - Lm gim tin pht do vn tiu th cng sut phn khng - Lm gim cng sut biu kin yu cu. - C th thay i my bin p c cng sut nh hn ,hoc pht trin ph tai khi cn thit. Khuyt im. - Dng in phn khng vn i vo cc t phn phi chnh ca mng h th. - H s cng sut c ci thin cho tng thit b in. - Kch c dy dn,tn tht cng sut trong mng in phn xng c ci thin. 8.4.2 B nhm. S dng c cng sut qua ln v khi ch ti tiu th theo theo thi gian ca cc phn on khc nhau. u im: - lm gim tin pht do vn tiu th cng sut phn khng. - lm gim cng sut biu kin yu cu. - kch tthc dy cp i n t phn phi khu vc s gim i hoc cng dy cp trn c th tng ph ti cho t phn phi khu vc. Khuyt im: - dng in phn khng vn tip tc i vo tt c dy dn xut pht t t phn phi khu vc. - h s cng sut cho tng khu vc. - kch c dy dn, tn tht cng sut trong mng phn xng khng c ci thin. 8.4.3 B ring l Ch c xt n khi cng sut ca ng c ng k so vi cng sut ca mng in. u im: lm gim tin pht do vn tiu th cng sut phn khng. lm gim cng sut biu kin yu cu. gim kch thc v tn hao trong daya dn i vi tt c cc dy dn khuyt im: - cc dng in phn khng ln s khng cn tn ti trong mch in. 8.4.4 tnh ton dung lng t bSVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 66

an cung cp in


xc nh dung lng t b Qb = P x (tg t - tg s) trong : Qb : cng sut phn khng cn b P : cng sut tc dng ca ti cn b tg t, tg s: h s cng sut trc v sau khi ca ti cn b 8.5 TNH TON T B CNG SUT PHN KHNG CHO PHN XNG v phn xng ny thuc loi trung bnh khng i dung lng b ln lm nn ta chn b bng t. v phn xng l ti n nh v lin tc nn ta chn phng php b tp trung ti thanh gp pha h p ca t phn phi chnh. cos t = 0,75=>tg t=0,88 cos s = 0,95=>tg s=0,329 Ppx=217,353 Kw Qb= P x (tg t - tg s)=217,353 x (0,88 0,329)= 119 kVAr Tra bng ta chn b t b ca DUCATI ch to c cc thng s sau:Um(v) 415 Qb(kVAr) 119 C ( F ) 3 x 195 M hiu DLE-3H150K5T Im(A) 58,6

KT LUN NGHI/ KT LUN T nhng s liu ban u v phn xng sn xut, s mt bng, s lng thit b in yu cu ca phn xng, tnh cht quan trng ca phn xng 7. Ngi thc hin n tnh ton thit k cung cp in v chiu sng cho phn xng sn xutSVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 67

an cung cp in


vi nhng ch tiu kinh t k thut ti u. Ph hp vi nhng tiu chun v in ca Vit Nam. n hon thnh vi nhng ni dung sau: Xc nh ph ti tnh ton Thit k chn my bin p v trm bin p cho phn xng Phn tch cc phng n cung cp in v chn phng n cung cp ti u cho mng in phn xng 7. Tnh ton ngn mch trong mng h p. La chn tri tit cc thit b in cho phn xng. Tnh ton chng st. Tnh ton thit k chiu sng chung v chiu sng s c cho phn xng. Thit k lp t t b cho thanh ci my bin p nhm gim chi ph do tn tht in nng ca phn xng. II/ NGH: Do cn thiu kinh nghim thit k thc t, ngi thit k cha lp c bn d ton thi cng cng trnh, n cn b sung mt s s bo v t ng cho h thng in phn xng nh: Bo v r le cho my bin p, cc mch t ng ha, cc bin php thng tin iu khin vn hnh h thng in ca phn xng mt cch t ng khi xy ra s c

TI LIU THAM KHO1. GIO TRNH CUNG CP IN Trng Vit Anh HSPKT TP H Ch Minh nmSVTH: Nguyn H Quang Nguyn Cng Thng Lp: 06402230DAK - MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243 68

an cung cp in


2. HNG DN N MN HC CUNG CP IN Phan Th Thanh Bnh, Dng Lan Hng, Phan Th Thu Vn - NXB H Quc gia TP H Ch Minh nm 2003 3. H THNG CUNG CP IN CA X NGHIP CNG NGHIP V NH CAO TNG Nguyn Cng Hin, Nguyn Mnh Hoch NXB Khoa hc v K thut nm 2005 4. MNG CUNG CP V PHN PHI IN Bi Ngc Th NXB Khoa hc v K thut nm 2002. 5. HNG DN THIT K LP T IN THEO TIU CHUN QUC T IEC Schneider Electric S.A NXB Khoa hc v K thut nm 2004 6. GIO TRNH CUNG CP IN Quyn Huy nh HSPKT TP H Ch Minh nm 2006.


- MSSV: 06402230 - MSSV: 06402243

69

do an cung cap dien hoan chinh 2

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