dnyan shankari

7/23/2019 Dnyan Shankari

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jh[ahB lr

or Wh{QB Yw dTh[Wh{QB [Kl - 121515

or aB l Wh{QB Yw WbhlhGfhfh `gRh]{`mfB ngChHh dKb


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3/152

&& orKwL`Sy] &&

{i]hb NR ]g L ...

orYwir 9 ililgHgH]w Tir 9h{Si{] Lh{Q hVg il iy

{i]hb or aB l h{QB YwbhlhG bg `gRh]ahhH|j bhg]g.hHh G or h]U9 h{QB YwbhlhGhh Bih dhRh[| Vhnhbhg]h orGth Lhj|[|h[h Yyh Vhgcr] Jh]ngbhg]g. ~hniQtHVhngh {i]{`hgKhwc| hHg diyQ ihn[-ihgmQ or h]U9h{QB YwbhlhGhh BihI9hChnr Vhng . ]B hnr[ i{U9]hB Uy9[h[r JlrH dB], lh 9r ` NKGrHg{akQ Jg]ng, `B snrh

ilrkg] Eh ogQt] EhrQbhg@ [ bhNB hg\9h `B snhHr d[RbrJg]nr. ]lr hh Lh`U9rHg{`m gRh]ah bhg]g. B. ~h~hdhbg~bhlhGhh RgClgCrChnr h[r `gRh]ahhHh dB LhdBgnh. h ~h~]r] gchg`gcr orGtHghKRa[br h[h {c] Ldg.ag`\9r orGth Lhjg` [ h[r B snrHh `dh dhgUy9[ diyQiQ|Ywdg`gHg`] Jg]ng` or ~h~hdhbg~ bhlhGhh bh{[hQh[]ld[5 ihdy[ ]gd{H` h [hh[| ordTh[HgB hlYhl ihbnhKng.

d[ 5 ihdy[


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L{Y {dh 9r Lbhglh iZlo Bgng . dTh[h h`bhZlB B hh|L] ] Ldy[ dwhh[r gRh] iZlarn[hHh hdK dhgU9nh[hbt. ordTh[h] bhgQhh {`{`S Ed`-bhgd` dKr `{àgmgB [ gRh] dhb bhgd`h] orYyh ]`jh[h l LhShZl]`H[g]g L] Eh B hl|B lr] Ld]. h B hnh`Sr] hh`gRh] hdKhnh `]; orGtH|hKRa[ iRhgiRr {c] Ldg.

h B hch] Lc[gl gTy[ "]`jh[ {Rl'[h`hHr ABh{dB i{B h {[J] Ldg. br i{B h diyQiQ|]`jh[hnh h{bngnrbhg]r ` L[gB {Gjhdy ]d|H {`h[ i{U9] br i{B h LhÙ9r[g`hH] Ld], hwcg h i{Bg nh Lhhh kgh] h[hHgTh[ {chngbhg]g. orGtHr L[gB iR|h i{Bg ]y[ {d bhg]

Ld]. orGth Lhjg` [ h[r h i{Bgdh 9r ngC {n{bhddw h] Bgnr Lh{Q hHgL[gB ngC "]`jh[ {Rl'h h{dB h]y[{dbr Vhng. hh ngCh]y[ orYyh dB n] dRhhHg]`jh[ {àR bhg] Ldg. ]B hnr[ {`h[h[r `]; ig {nb[hh h ngChHh Khl` Bgnh Lhbg .

`gRh] {`mh l ngC {n{bhHh bh B d[


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hH


6/152

AB h Kh hh ShgS Hhlr B Uy9[ EH EH qY]r Ldngnr AB

KP9r dhlCr Nhl] bhg]r. h qY]th Lh] B h Lhbg, hHgd`h[hBw]ybn bhg]g. B hgQr bQgB sLh] AB {Rl Lhbg, B hgQr bQ|Lh] ABdwRl ~hK Lhbg, B hgQr bQgLh] AB Yy] ~Knh Lhbg. L[gB hHr L[gB]gbhg]r, iQ Lh] [gBg B h Lhbg hHr Bw Qhnhbr B i[h [b]r.ABg{R`ar Kh`h]rn B hbr ]Qh[r ^9l{ ngB sqY]rh inrB U9g B h

LhbghHh ihh LhiQ nh yh. AB h ihglhnh h EH qY]rh inrB U9gB h Lhbgibh Lh{Q Lhbhnh dhK bQy[ hnh AB h l AB LdgL[gB ihglhh Chh l EYgBg ng , h ihglh[r `l HPy9[ h qY]rhinrB U9g ih{bng Lh{Q Bg n "Lh...' LdgLhhghl B hPy9[ h[|qY]rh inrB U9gEU9r hlnr. AB Kgnh, ]hgB hbrH dhKyaB nh [hbtbQy[ Rdh ihglhnh HP9{ h] Lhng. hHgbr ]d|H Vhng. ]r[ -

Hhl - ihH gcgnh [ B [br a Lhng[hbr. Ghg qY]rh inrB Urn ihbr, ]hgLh] EU9r JgN. ~hbgl g@ [ dhKQhlh B hgQrH [hbr. LarL`Th Vhnr. ]hiB h ]l Ghg ~hnh GhQ]hg]hg h~n B hbrHdhKyaB ] [hbt - "iyQ B i| B ih ~hgn g[h& L[wY |L[wY`brdhbr[h&'bQy[ dHr iyQBih Vhh`l ~hgnhdhlC|B hbrH {aBElng[b]| , bQy[ h[r h[ iB lngLdg r dG]hg - "h[hHg~hgnQ|dlng & ~h{d ~iQ Lhng&'

ordTh[h L{YngChKhlh] dhiU9ngh hh `gRh]ilngChHh AB dKb "jh[ ahB lr'h [h`h[| B h{a] bh`h, LarLhHg]rT i or {dlhG h{QB YwbhlhGhHr EB \9 NI9h

bhg]r, il]wL[gB h bhZlB ` ]h{B LU9HQtwcgh dKbhh


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B ha[hHgB h n~] Kgng. ]gLhG YwBig[giyQbhg] Lhbg. hKThH|B ha[ or {dlhG h{QB Yw bhlhGhh bh]r] VhngLd]g]l h[h ` hbrigkh L{SB Lh[R nh Vhnh Ld]h.]Th{i "]lr YyHr NI9h b|H h [ bhg' Ld| or aB lh{QB YwbhlhGh[r {n{bngLhb| , ]|Lkla: d Lhbg .

"jh[ ahB lr'h KTh] or aB l h{QB YwbhlhGh[r{n{bngh gRh]il ngChHgdKb Lhbt B h{a] B lr] Lhbhg].`gRh]hH|ahr {`egmQ b|dhhdh 9r R~h}S Ldng]lr wwkwdhSB h[h hHh L` nhY bhgNn. "ngmhg{SB ]l]gmhL hd Hg]dh'h aRh] `]; YK ]h[t bg {`m {n9LdhH|B ~yn Bgng Lhbg , iQ pn9 Lhbg, bQy[ dhgU9]hbr g]

[hbt, {B ]rbr L`JU9 Ldng]lr hg khdh 9r h {a`h Rdlh hK[hbr - "[h; iTh L[h {`]g&'bQy[ wwkwdhSB h[rh KThHh L{SB h{SB nhY h`h. h KThh o`Q [[{[{Rhd[h[| AB hhnhbr Yyh ` ihH| dhkhB hl Vhng,]l hh h Lhnh "`Sh L]w L'Ldg {]`H[{chng, Ldg dGy[ r S bhgN[.

h KThh wQ-B ha[h] dbhYy] Vhngh d`dbB hh[h ]d|H d` `hHB h[h orYw {[Gh[Rh{SB hlr B lhg],brH awYgI9h.

Kwih{Qh 56


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or aB l Wh{QB Ywd{k Gr`[ iZlHfor Wh]U9 Wh{QB YyHr ]gG`r B hlB sR fhfh

Wbh{[fhQh[]l nh{B B R\9h diw9h] LhfhdhlCr h\9nr, ]lrorGtfh f{ W`hHh ^9dh G[Wh[dh`l A`P9h G~l iU9ngnh

bhg]h, B s fhfh[]l or aB l Wh{QB Yw bg KhRr`l Lhfh`lfhfh ih[g or Wh]U9YyHgH L{Slhf Wh{QB [Kl Eltihg\9t~hcKr] Lhbg, Ldh lh] {`hd d`hfh L]B lQh] {[WhQVhnh.

or Wh]U9 Wh{QB Yyfh Y{K[r or Ww h~hNfhHh {` hb

KhgcgKh`Hgor Bg a lh` Rr{k] fhG~lhg~l Vhnh bhg]h. fh Rhifhd~lgH {R`d iwhr Vhnr [b]r. dh. Ww h~hNfh `ah[gH iwPg9dTh[ HhnQhl Lhbg, fhHr or Wh]U9Yy[h Chr bhg]r bQy[fh[r Ww h~hNnh, "WwnKh Vhfhd ]hgorYyfh Vhgcr] Jhnr['Ldh [`d WhKy[ fh fhd dh{K]ngbhg]g. fhWhQgN.d.


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bQy[ fh[r bRl~hRfh EH fhfhnfhHr d[R B hP9nr. or

Wh]U9 Wh{QB Yyfh B hl{B Ru] or aB llh bgH dTh[Hh d`B hlYhl ibh] Ld].

or aB l Wh{QB YyHh `gRh]hHh KhP9 fhdK bhg]h. fhHg~lgHdg ngC "]`jh[-W{Rl' fh Wh{dB h]y[ {d Vhng Lhbg].

fhg{]m, `B , Khf[B nh Nfh{R {`mfhHg EhW jh[ orGt[hbhg]g: Lh{Q dB ], _ hldr, B h[U9r, NKGr ` {bRr fh Yhmh`lfhHg Yw` bhg]g. ]`jh[ bh fhfh Lf] L`U9rHh {`mfbhg]h. H]wl ~w{, ah] ` KhgU9 `Yh` Lh{Q Lh~hn`hargWc `hKQyB fh KwQhWwcg ]g Lf] nhgB {f Vhng bhg]g.

KhRr`l Lhfh`l orGtHg{Hh Eihd[hWhKh] lKynhKng . orWh]U9 Wh{QB Yy[r Lhifh RrJB hl{B Rv] dTh[Hr ahgYh ``Y` `hP9{`QhlgL[gB lr{]Zl`hG, Jh], iyGhih^9 Lh{Q Ed`Wh{QB [Klh] HhnyBg ng bhg]g. Lh{Q fh {[{Whh[gdhRh{fB h[h,Y WU9crnh ` EihdB h[h `hl`hl AB LhQfhfh {[{Whh[gdhRh{fB hWfgY{ , jh[ Eihd[h fhHh {Gbhch {[WhQ B lfhHgB hfLCU9 Hhn{`ngbhg]g. or aB l Yy[t iQ fhHgH L[wB lQB [ dTh[Hgiy`hihl Ed` dWhlY fThdhK ` fThfhgf ihlihU9fhHg ] Hhn`y[ dB nW]dRhfhfh dhlhd HhKnr Hhn[h{Rnr. fh B hfhdh 9r fh[r ~lgH if\9[ Bgng : Lh{Q { 9B { 9B hQrdRhfhHr Wwf Wwf ]HgdWiB lr{][g{`aR B [ dh{K]nr.

""G[]h G[hR[hHr d]h bgH `gRh]hHgWW Lhbg . G[]gHg{`lh\9


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Ra[ bgH orYyHg{`lh\9 i bhgf'' Lah B hlHr {`HhldlQr ]g

nhgB hdWhgl WhU9r] Ld]. or aB l Yyfh bh]y[ dwh L[gBHWB hl JU9ng. il]wfhHg ogf `]B Ug9 [ Jg]h or Wh{QB YyfhilW BigHgH ]g_ n bhgf Lar fhHr ShlQh bhg]r.

or aB l YyHg d` dh{bf KWfH Lhbg. fh[r ilH[h

{`agm Bg nr [hbr ]lr fh[r lHngnr or Wh]U9 YyHr Lhl]rfhfh B hfKwQhHr dhk i\9{`]g. orWh]U9Yy[r LhifhB hl{B Ru] ~d{`ngnr dTh[fh B hlYhlhHr JU9r or aB lWh{QB Yy[r fpB{H]br {~JUy9 {Rnr [hbt En\9 dTh[Hg L]K]f`bhl dwlcr]iQg Hhnh`g bQy[ fh[r [`r[ `cQ nh`y[{Rng.

_ hKw[ ` > aBg 2 _g ~w`hlr


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L[wB WLhl]r or Wh]U9YyHr .......................................

orGtHg LW]` .............................................. 5

gRh]hHh L{SB hlfhgK ....................................... 3

gRh]hHh Lfhd .......................................... 51

dhkhB hlHr ilgmh ....................................... =5

`gRh]hHh fh`bhZlB {`Hhl................................ 43

Whfh`hR Lh{Q LGh]`hR ilrkQ ........................ 23

Whgk bh RgCre YW Lhbg..................................


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or Wh]U9 Wh{QB Yw WbhlhGhfh dW`g]or aB l Bg a` Rr{k] (EYg U9h`rB Uy9[ Rwdlg)


13/152

or aB l Bg a` Rr{k] - B hlYhlr or Wh{QB Yw dTh[


14/152

or aB l Wh{QB Yw WbhlhG (


15/152

or aB l Wh{QB Yw WbhlhG - {[fhgihd[g]


16/152

or aB l Wh{QB Yw WbhlhG - Yhg[KrlHh Rhlh (


17/152

Lhl]r or Wh]U9YyHr

GfRg` GfRg` Gf KwWh]U9h& d Wh]U9h&LhWhgbhd YhB l B hlQ ~hU9h&&Sw.&&

dhh {`[hgR [\nh {H`ihB har&LdK {[KwQ Lhng dbGt ERfhdr&

pTl {HWh]U9hgRf Ldw[r L{`[har&L]hgRf YWdYW RhC{` GK]har&&&&

WKn WSwW{] {fB l Wh{QB L`Sy]h&or br dhfB lU9B W[hgbl Lh]h&

{`{S bl B Qh]il d{dwC Rh]h&

Ww h[R dwShB l aB lKw[hTh&&5&&


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Lhl]r or Bg RhlhHr

GfRg` GfRg` Gf Gf BgRhlh& {a`bl Bg Rhlh&

{]hiaW[h aYhgdQ KYrlh&&Sw.&&

l[hdwl WRWR[ Rkh Lfkh&Yl`[hT Y h]B a h{`ihkh&Y`GnqdSy]lfh ]hlB Wbhlr&

dwG[hbhRB dwl] []G[B hlr&&&&

{[iW {[f {[lG[ Hg][ {Hh &fhg{] i bQy{[ fhg]r~h [h &{a`{HWh]hU9hgR{f {a` ]ci] lhbr&

{`[WaB l Lhbg]` iqR Yw ihbt&&5&&


19/152

orGtHg LW]`

LhG ord`f Wh]U9 Wh{QB Yw WbhlhGhHh iHYh{]B

Rgb fh`bhZlB 9r[| [hbtdh Vheh Lhbg Lh{Q fh fhgKg fh[rLhifh B ihiyQ `de]g[| ihe[ Bg egeh ~bdf dhRh{fB`K ahgB hQ`h] {RO9WyP9 bhg`y[ K\9Kfh Ch] Lhbg. fh`bhZlB9r[| br bh[r B SrH Y [ fgQhlr [hbt. Leh{B B f{ `,LWfhR `hdf, Wh{WB ]h, dhfh`Th ` dbGWw{ Nfh{RYh`aher dQhHh L]we[rf ^9g h orYy[r LhWfh {9LhU9Bg eh. ~h|{fg fhHg ` i U9hgcg Y [ ihbfhd, ohg dw{Hl~hge AgB fhd, N{fgY{ Yh h[| Ra[ Jgfhd iRiaB lfhdLdWT ^9ler. d`hfh RfhHh {Gbhch [hbtdh Vheh. blbl! Wh{QB [KlHh ]gG`r Wh]U9 LhG Wh`ceh. ERfh]{`br[Wh]U9h`l B Q W|Jh[r {[l]lH| LhI9hR[ Jh]eg. orYw fh

{Rf ]gGh[| LhG


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0 jh[ahB lr

fh[r Lhifh]H L]Sh[ B [ Jg]eg. fh`bhZlB 9r[|fhfh

Lh^9`Qr[| {`be bhg`y[ R;Ch`gK `hb]h ^9g`Q| fh {a`hf Rdl|dWhSh[ {aB lh{beg [hbt.

]hp`B 9r[| {`Hhl Bg fhd iHWbhYy]| Wfw bg RgCredHg][ Lhbg]. ]| ]Gd d9t] lhb]h]. Rg`]hRa[ Klg dhkhB hl

bh ]Gd d9r]re f`bhl bhgf. ]Gd d9t] Gg ehgB lhb]h]fh[hH R`]h Lar djh Lhbg. Eihd[h~eh[| Lhifhd ]Gdd9t] `ga B l]h fg]hg. fh ~e [{HBg ]heh fWh[| Bg egehEiRga, WbhYhl]h] {Qeger d]r dh{`r[| fWhd d Bg fhHrB Th, br ERhblQ| Lhbg] ` ]r Ldf [hbt]. d]r dh{`{Lh{Q or Wh]U9 Wh{QB Yw WbhlhG fh RhgJh] _ lB fg`P9hH B s

dh{`rfh ]w]r[| fW d Vheh ]l fWhfh ]w]r[| Yy dVheg. br fhHr ereh bhgf.

YyHg ~rR Y B hfB iW Lhbg. ]idhWfh[| LWlìhègfh {dhHr ereh bQGgH Y B hfB iW` bhgf. brdhh WbhRg`hfh HZlh] hWwfh[| {Rdy[ fg]g. orGtHg LhÙ9]gR`] orWbhRg` Ldg ` df dhKh`fhHg bQGg orGr bg orRhhgfhHg Sh[ L`]hl bhg]. or WbhlhGhHr {R[Hfh, fhHr`de]h, d]h, ERhl]h, fh[r dyW]g[g LèhgB [ Bg erLhbg] fh[h orWbhRg`hH| KwQ{àgm orGr] iRhgiRr 9r]Lhfh`hHy[ lh{beg [dh`g].


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1orGtHg LW]`

fh Yhgeh[hTheh d B lfhB Zl]h iHrB ] iHWbhYy]h[r

lhgKhHr EihSr iB [ dbh W{b[| Gr L{òh] ]ifh Bg er,]r d`h[r ih{ber Lhbg. Wfyfh L{]fhH| `hK] B lfhB Zl]hJhN[| Gh] Ld]h `];fh Ldf Yh{`B Y dWwRhfhHg WRi\9e ]wU9{èg Gh] Lhbg, NB U9g fh ehgB aB lhHg ek `gSeg[hbt. dQhHr diyQ]h RgCre qB {H] R;Cheh B hlQrYy] bhg]g

bQ]h], ]g fhH Wwc|.

fh`bhZlB d9rigkh ]Gd d9r] bQGg Rg`]h` ih]orGtdhlfh {`Yy]r L{SB B hfkW bhg] Ld]h], bQy[ orGtHgfh`bhZlB Ra[ Rlhèg, Lh]h ]g iyùdhlCg {RdQhl [hbr],Lah dWGy]r[| ahgB hBw e bhgfhigkh Wh[d fkh[| ]| Lhifh

{B ]r G`c Lheg Lhbg], b| dWGy[ JgQ| dwChH| Lhbg.

orYw Y B hfB iW Lhbg], ]d|H ]gW]KhWrbr Lhbg].bhBg dlar iwP9h] fg]h] bQy[H fh[h Rh bQ]h]. LhiQGgbh Ggbh fhHg WlQ ohfw L];B lQh[| B lhe ]gbh]gbh]g Lhifh dbhfhd Sh`fh`hHy[ lhbQhl [hbt]. L{òh]oW B l]h fh`g] bQy[H fh[r ]Gd alrl ShlQ Bg eg Lhbg.Lh]h orGr Bg bh E^9]re, Bg bh Yg\9]re, Bg bh ~hge]reLar fh`bhZlB B hcGr B lfhH| B hlQ [hbt. Lhifhd h\9ge]gbh fhfhar ~hge]h fgNe ` Ra[ Jg]h fgNe.


22/152

= jh[ahB lr

dyfh] Vheh bQy[ i`r dyfhfh LhB mQhihdy[ Gar

dw\9] [hbt fhH WhQ| iYw {Rdg[hdg Vheg bQy[ Lhifh]regWhB mQ [hbtdg Vheg Ld| bhg] [hbt. ERfh]l{b] Wh]U9hHh{[f {_ lQhfh i`rar Ghg d~S Lhbg ]hgH d~S LhWfh] orYy] Lhbg. N]Bg H [b| ]l Lhbheh brHg orYyHg {`lh\9` i LhÙ9hg `h [ LhÙ9hg orYy[h LhWfh {a`hf Rdl|

B hbrH LhÙ9Qhl [hbt. Yy[h Sl]h fg]g iQ dhgU9]h fg] [hbt,brH fhHr {[lhed `de]h.

`gRh]hfh 9r[g YyHg ` i Lp], Yh{] Lh{Q {fLd| Lhbg. brH {{`S dhh bhgf. fh]re Lp]` bQGg LCU9AB ldhWB b| ihlWh{TB ` i Ldy[ Yh{]` bQGg YhdQg br

h{]Yh{dB dhh bhgf. {f` br fh`bhZlB dhh Lhbg. iQ`]w]; GgTg Lp]` Ld]g ]gTgH Yh{]`, {f`, {[fWw `` By \9T` Ld]g. "Wr Lhbg' fh Lp]`hHh L[wY` Jg]h[h Grdhh K\9 bhg]g, ]gH YyHg ihlWh{TB ` i bhgf. "Wr Lhbg'Ld| bQfh] LhiQ Rhg[ ]bgHr dwCg L[wY{`] Ld]hg. fh]reLhbgiQhHr dhh H]fhHg ` i bhgf, ]g H]f `];fhdh{k`hHh ~hgS `hQrB Uy9[ B [ Jg]g. Rdlg dwC [hW ihWBdhWwKrdb LhiQ Lhbhg, Lah Yh`[|[| EiYhgKh`fhd {Wc]g. brH]fhHr fh`bhZlB dhh ` fh dhg`lH GW-Wfw, Glh-]hf, dwC-R;C, Rr[]h ` d]h, qB B l` ` Yw`,dfhdf, {[fh{[f Ldg Lhlhgi fg]h]. df bg LdfhHg

{`ShfB ` i Lhbg. GWQ| bg WfyHg B hlQ ]l Wfy brH


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4orGtHg LW]`

G[[hHr {B fh bhgf. AB LCU9 L] LW]`hihdy[ df

Ldfh{RB KwQ Lhbr {[WhQ Bg eg Lhbg]. orGr fh`bhZlB` ih[| Lhbhd {Rd] bhg]g fh dwChWB Yh`[gHh {`B hl orGrLhbhd {Rd] [hbt], br Yh`[h Lhbg. B {` B {eRhdh[|br WlQbr alrlhHr B ]r Ldy[ Gr`[ bhH {`B hl Lhbg, Ld| b\9egLhbg. or Lh Yy[h LhiQhiB s B hgQr fh`bhZlB ` ih[|

ih{beggeg [hbt, iQ Yy [hbt] Ld| Lhifhd B Sr ]lr `h\9egLhbg B hf7 qB h fh iwP9g ]lr `h\9ge B hf7 Yy Gdg {[f Lhbg]fhH WhQ| orGrbr {[f Lhbg] b|H LW]` ` b|HLp]Yh{]{f`. fhehH d{Rh[R bQ]h].

orGtfh dhkhB hlhHh L[wY` Jgfhd Lhifhd _ hl

eh~ Gh`fheh [B hg. LhGHgH ERhblQ ibh. orGtfh ]hir]if}Hg ]gG Lhifh] K\y9[ LhiQ LhG N]B| Yh`r VhehLhbh] B s WG dhlCh dhShlQ W[wf Lhifheh og9 {RdyehKeh Lhbg. bg Lhieg W[hgRh~f [b|: bh fh {Rf9rHh]hi Lhbg. Lhifheh orGt[r Ldg dhWf {Reg Lhbg B sLhiQ `h\9ge fheh og9 ~[`y aB he. RR` WhVg B s Wr fh9reh LhH`ehg. Lhifh ihdy[ Rlh`ehg [d]hg ]l Wehbr ]r9r h Vher Ld]r. Weh NB U9g orYy {Rd]h] ` {]B U9gdhWfdi Y R {Rd]hg.

WG igkh L{SB fhgf L{SB hlr orYwdg`geh {Wcheh

Ld]h qB h fh iwP9g {Wcge ]l LhiQh d`higkh Weh Gh]


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2 jh[ahB lr

Lh[R bhgNe ` orYyeh B hbrH Rhf [hbt. WhVr {[`U9 br

fI9h ` Lhier ilrkh Lhbg. fhWwc| b| L{dShlh`] WGB Uy9[fhgf ]bg[| [ ihceg Kgfhd LhiQH G~h~Rhl bhe. B hlQYwNI9g {a`hf fh B hWr Wr d``r Lfhgf Lhbg, fhHr WehiyQ GhQr` Lhbg.

orYyfh ` ihH| Ra[ diyQ]g[g Jg]h fh g bQy[ LhiQWeh orYwhlhChere ihflr B pier Lhbg, fh] WhVg dWhSh[Lhbg iQ fh ihflr` [ Lhifh iB s AChhehbr orYyHgRa[ Vheg ]l WhVh GW dhTB s ehKeh Ldg Wr dWGg[.

orYyfh {9kgih] ` Lhifh dhlfh YwY hfh

ihfhCher lhbfh] Weh {[l]l Sf]h h\9ge, B hlQ Wr fhehHWhgk dWG]hg.

orYyfh dB eW] dRhfhHh {[l]l {`Gf Ldhg!

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25/152

`gRh]hHh L{SB hlfhgK

hf; `gRh]KTh]y[ L[w~SH]w9f dh{K]egeg Ld]h].

L[w~SH]w9f bQGg L{SB hlr, d~S, {`mf Lh{Q fhgG[.`gRh]{`mheh Wb` LhQh`| fh LhKbh[| bQh `h ]B B 9hgli{U9]hfh `hRBw ae ~wr[| bQh, fh{`mft {G]B| lQ WhGe|Lhbg {]]B| N]l {`mfhd~St KhgHl bhg] [hbt. d~S, {`mf,Lh{Q fhgG[, bt ]r[ B eW| KT{`mfB Lhbg]. fhHr dhTB ]hKTh]re {`mf {G]B h dhgii{hB , df, d` aB hH| {[;d{RSdWhSh[ B lQhlh, {``lQh[| KbQ B lfhd dweY Vhegeh,{GjhdgHh EB m B lQhlh, Eifw Ldge fh`l L`e~y[ Lhbg.L{SB hlih]h bhH `hR{`mfB aR Lhbg. L{SB hlh]rHh{`{S dweY Ld]h ]lr blB ] [b]r, iQ fh dRlhChet () NbhW w_ eYh gK{`lhK (5)

aWRWh{Rm\9B di{h (0) WwWwkw` bt ihg\9 B eW|Ldy[, aWh{Rm\9B


26/152


27/152


28/152

jh[ahB lr

L{SB hl fgfhB Zl]h d`dhWhf jh[ b| fgB hd L`f Lhbg,qB ~b[h fh jh[h{a`hf ]hg{àgm jh[ h B [ Jgfhd ehfB Hlhb] [hbt. d`dhShlQ jh[h[| `hr Th[hi Vhfh`l {]fhNI9gWhQ|{àgm jh[ dihRQ|fThfhgf Lhbg. ag]B fhd LhifhWGuWhQg `h\9ge ]| irB G{W[rihdy[ B hPy9[ JgQ| bh fhfhLhÙ9rHh [ Ldeh ]lr [hKlQr, CwliQr, `Klg d` {iB h[h

GhglB d B lQhlg dB hl Bg egH ih{bGg], ]g [ Bg eg ]l B hgQH|HirB fgQhl [hbt. ]] `hreh {Gjhdh Ei bhg@ [ ]r Ag{bB{`mfhB U9g Sh` JgNe N]B s ih]h h B [ JgQ| B ]f Lhbg.b|fh[| fhgf ]bg[|~Gh{è| B sLhÙ9rHh {`mf JgfhHh L{SB hlfheh h bhg]hg. bhH f`bhlr {[fW `gRh]{`mfheh eh`]hLheh Ld]h ]lr blB ] [b]r. iQ `gRh]{`mfhHg L{SB hlr

`gKfh ]bgHg Ldh`g Ldh {[~S Lhbg, bQy[H N]l {`mfhHgL{SB hlr Wh[`hfh] L[] Lhbg]: iQ `gRh]hHg L{SB hlr_ hlH {H] Ld| bQfHh `hR iU9eh Lhbg: SW, LT,B hW, Whgk, fh Hhl iwmhThHr h{QWhhd EhW dhf bQy[ahh] fhgG[h Lhbg.

SWhHh {`Hhl ow{] ` W{] fh Rhgbt] Bg egeh Lhbg.ow]t] `gRh] Sh[ Ldy[ W{]SWh] `QSW, LhoWSW,`QhoWSW, KwQSW, {[{WhSW, dhShlQSW, fh dbh B hlHgLhHhlSW dhKy[, W{]SWhHlQh[| oh]SWhHh L{SB hl hbhg]hg ` oh]SWhH| LhHlQ EYf{`S ogfB l bQGg "b]hg `h

hf{d `K {G`h `h Yhgfdg WbrW'fhWhQg B hf


29/152


30/152


31/152


32/152


33/152


34/152


35/152


36/152

>6 jh[ahB lr

LdfhHt dhWhf B hlQ| B hbt Ldhg], il]w `gRh]hHr dweY]h[ h\9fhGhgKr iZlpT{] Ei B lQ| b| {`agm B hlQ Ldy aBg e.{[f B hf ` L{[f B hf fhHh {`Hhl dR` ogfB lH Lhbg.`gRh]h]re ag \9H| df Glr Kbr] [ Sle|, ]lr ddhl ir RrJ`[h]br GhK{] bhgNif] B hbt Khg9r {[f dWGy[ fh]reL{[f ]yHh fhK `[ dwCWf bhgfhdH B hlQrYy] bhg]h],

bh {`Hhl GdGdh `hP9] GhNe ]d]ar N]l Lhd{ B Wrbhg@ [ aWh{R {[fW ihcegGh]h], fhHh `] Lfhd B lfhH|B hlQ [hbt. aW 8 W[hHh {[Kb, RW 8 Hkwlh{R ~h|qf{[Kb,EilW 8 d` iHhihdy[ {[`hr, {]{]kh 8 ar]hgQ, dwCRw;Cdb[ B lfhHr fhgf]h, bh Lfhd lhfh{ bhgfhB Zl]h Lhbg.`lhfhfh fhgKg `hrHr AB ]h[]h bhg]g.

`lhfhHg Rhg[ YhK B l]h fg]re. < `]yihdy[ LKRtHL{e lhbQ|, > `]yHh fThah ` fThB he {`{[fhgK B lQ|.fh]re i{beh og9 B s Rwdlh fhH| Ehl {[B {m] {d{ AB iLdfh[|B {]`Yh` Ld| h | ehKge: fh{a`hf Rwdlr Eii{h[r\9 ~d] [hbt. Wh dweY]gfh R9r[| Rwdlh ~lh Lhbg. B hlQLhGW LB hW Ldegeh W[wf ~Hhlr fh fhgf]gd Gdh ihLhbg ]dhH KbTSWu AB i[r`] dRhHhlr W[wfbr ih Lhbg.i`[YwB lhb[ Gd| {[lhbhlr bQ{`]h fg]| ]rH og9]h {YkhCh@ [ lhbQhfhHr ahh] [WyR Lhbg."dWehg^9hWB hH[;',"Gfhdr {blh Khl AB 'fhWhQ| fhB U9g Pw9By [ [ ibhQhfhHr

Gr adh Lhbg fhigkh "YhgKfhKhf {`h'fhWhQ| fhHh


37/152

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38/152

>> jh[ahB lr

"Rg`h[|{RSfh pT]rd {`\9Q| bh aw gU9giQh'N]B hdhSh {`Hhl dwh`lhfhfh dRlh] fg@ aB ]hg. B U9B `lhh[|HAChhfh `hrHh {[lhgS bh`h Lar `hr Ldhd h{`LhH|bQQ| [hbt. iQ ]hg {[lhgS ]hWd LbB hlh] fgNe! {a`hfB hgQfh{b Khg9rHh {[lhgS `hrd Hhe[h Rg]hg bh eh{B B fhLhbg. B hgQ]r Khg9 B [B h b\9e| B s]r B lh`rar h\9]g . ahh]

"B {iTd Rh ifW' Ld| dh{K]e| Lhbg ]lr ]| {Wcge ]gbhoWh[|LhQy[ ChfhHr `hr bhg] [hbt, "`hhB [` H [` H'Ld|Ld]h RgCre B {iThigkh fhH| L{SB gc dg`[ Bge| Gh]| .`lhfh{a`hf gRh]{Gjhdh LKRtH Lhf LhbgLdh fhHh LhKbLhbgfh~e LhWHh {`[{]`Gh {`lhgS Lhbg: {a`hf ddhlhihdy[LKRtH LeK lhb[ B i[g[| W[kyiwP9| ddhl{H lgCh\y9[ fhHr

LdhTB ]h i\9 y[ Jgfhigkh fbt JU9Qhfh Khgt` [ ]hg ~hgSe`B l Jg]hfg]hg . f`bhlh] iRhgiRt LdhTB ]h {Rdy[ fg]g. Gr Khg9LhiQ dwCd ` bQy[ {G`hihU9 oW B [ {Wc{`]h|]r RwdfhfhNI9g[| {[{WmhSh] {[Wye bhg@ [ Gh]g: W[ fh`hr i Ldfh[|Rdlh { Hhl Jg@ [ i{bfhH|Rw ;C beB| B l]|. iQ fgB ddhlrGr` fhHr Lah]]h dWG] [hbt Ld| [hbt. lhC|] {`]` GdhLd]hg]] ddhlr Gr`hfh L];B lQh] ddhl Ldhl Lhbgb| ]`Lfh] Ld]|H: _wB l Jhey[ `lHr lhC EU9{`fhHr Wh G lrLhbg ` b| B hf EiRgaheh dwB l Lhbg. Ljh[B pi] ddhl `]h{[] dwC Ldhl LhbgfhH| dfB jh[ GdGd| pTlh`] GhNe]d]dh ]hg fhfh fhKhd LhihgLhiH h bhg]hg. lhfh] ]lr

fhK Wb`hHh Lhbg. fhK bh SW ~wrHh Lhbg. ~w{ {[f` B hf


39/152

>5`gRh]hHh L{SB hlfhgK

fhHh {`Hhl B ehKQ| qB h ]r {`Hhl B ehKge Ldh YhÈ{R] bhgQ|br B hW{Klr jh[hHr Lhbg, fhehH ~{Gjhdh b| [h`Lhbg: Ldg Ld]h[h

"ddhlRhìh`B d];'

"]dh ddhlRw;C| RwCèh& {{`S]hi| ihgceh&]hg{H L{SB hlr Vheh& ilWhThdr&&'5-=-4

Ldh W[wfH `gRh]hB l]h {[Ù9eh Gh`h ` fhHh ddhlHheeh Lhbg fh[| `gRh] bh]r Jg@ [g, Ldg ^9l{`Q| { [

{`Hhl B lhdhlC| Lhbg. lhh[| L];B lQawr bhg@ [ {HhhHrAB hK]h bhg]g, Al`r bhg] [hbt Ld| [hbt. [ Ggbh AChRh{`Hhl Jg@ [ fh] {[W Ld]| ]gbh Lar AB hK]h dY`]g. fh{`mfhfh W[[h[| Lh[R bhg]hg ]hg EiYhgK]h[h {h N]l {`mfh]Gh]H [hbt. fhH| EB 9 ERhblQ W[hglhf b| Lhbg. W[hglhfh]LhiQ KB Ldeh| B s ]Rf{]Zl LhiQhd B hbt dwH] [hbt.agC WbWRhfh W[hglhfhH| e fh`bh{lB 9h {[B hWr Lde|]lr {HhB hK]gfh Wh[h[| {`HhlQrf Lhbg. {`mf B hgQ]h{b Ldhg,`hrat ]r[]h ihèh B sAB hK]h LhihgLhi fg]g: {d ]` ghhfy\9[ bh d_ lHRhfh GhU9hChet Kw`hB mQhHh ahgS eh`r]~dg ]gbh fheh B ahH|H Yh[ lbh] [dg. fh`gcHr fhHr {h

aWh{Rm\9 dihr[| iZliyQ [b]r Ld| bQ]h fgNe B hf7 ]h[dg[


40/152

>0 jh[ahB lr

fh {d K`fhH| {H]hfh[| lK{`ege| AB {H Lhbg, fh]]h[dg[ Kh] Ld]h[h fhJ, di, bhr, blrQ Klg AB h {^9B hQtRhC`y[ ]h[dg[hHr Khf[B hK]h RhC{`er Lhbg.

`lhfdThiB or{a`hGr WbhlhG qbRwiRihRahbrHrdThi[h B lfhfh {`mfh] {B fgB `gch N]Bg fhgKfw bhg@ [

Gh] B s, ~hh`TgH| Yh[ [w [ `];fh W[[h[| 9hW 9legfh{dh] `hfh{a`hf Rwdlg aR {[J] [d]. fh aw EW[rL`TgHr fhgf]h b^9fhgK Rr{iB| ] dh{K]egfh-

"aCRR{Y[hR H [ aQhg{] B RhH['

"B h9`hhf]g Rgb EWf`Tfh Sw`W'

fh GhgU9rHr {[;daf Lhbg. fhehH ohfw iyf ~wr[|orRg`rHh dHhl bQ] Ld]. fh AB ]h[]gHh `gRh]hd EifhgK[hbt B hf7 fh[h aWh{R di{h B hg^9| bhg]r, {HhhHr AB ]h[]hbhgfhd {`mfh`l fhdK bhg@ [ fhH| WW Rfhd i\9e| ih{bGg.~l|, [wdfh lhfh[| ]| dhf Lhbg Ld| [hbt, jh[h[| ]RgB ilhfQbh`| bQy[ b| dhS[ Lhbg. `lhfh[| [`| jh[ Ei bhg]| Ld|[hbt, jh[ ` dhhH]f bt AB i Ldy[ d`fhir Lhbg],B hgQfh{b {`mfhfh L{SB hfhd jh[ ih{bGgH Ld]|, ]hgH{[fW `gRh]ahhd ehKy Lhbg.


41/152


"WgSh`r iwmhg {`h[{SB hf dW];'

fh{a`hf `gRh]hd B hgQfhbr dhS[hHr G lr [hbt.

"[ B Qh [ Gfh S[g[ & hKg[Bg LW]`Wh[aw;'

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"[B f{dq ilWh dfhdg[h{SKI9{]'

" iRhT{`Hhlhf dfhd; d B WQhW'

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fh` [ `lhfhHr Wb]r `h\9]g. iQ dfhdriRhHh LTordWTh[t "{`Hhl ] d dfhdr'Ldh {Reh Lhbg: B hlQjh[h{a`h bt d` dhS[| hgeH Lhbg]. `lhfhH| d` ]ijh[h`hHy[ {[_ e Lhbg: B hlQ Whgk bh `lhfh[| {Wc] [dy[jh[h[| {Wc]hg Ldh {dh] Lhbg.

"[ fhgKg[ dhfg[ B WQh [hg [ {`fh~ gB `~hgSg[ Whgk; {df{] [hfTh'


42/152

>= jh[ahB lr

"[hf; iTh {`]gFf[hf'

"B hfahgmgQ WhgQ B h Ww{ { g{B ];&`WrB ]hU9[hRg` W]; {B ElK; {B e&&

"d }mh _ eWg` [hp] {B W{i jh[Sh[ ]i;'

"{`Hhlg [hfdhS[g'

"{B Whgk]lhg~uG dfB jh[ {B fh{d'

"jh[g{`Q w Vheg, b| ]hg JU9g[h'

"jh[l{b] ]cWc GhQhl [hbt'

Nfh{R hfh[t gRh]{Gjhdwjh[`h[ih{bGg Ld| 9l]| . jh[`lhfh[w`]u Vhe| ]lH `gRh]hB U9g `c]| fgl`t `c] [hbt Ld|[hbt. jh[hH|dhWf Whg^9|Lhbg, B hlQ fh`hHy[ {B fhH dY`][hbt. lhf iB lfhdbr LhlYt jh[ ih{bGg, fh{a`hf {`lhgShHh{[Hf bhgQhl [hbt. WK ]|H jh[ Gl {`mfh[wB ye bhg@ [ {`HhlB ehKe|]l N]l dhS[hHr G lr B hf7 iQ ]| ]d| bhg]| B s[hbtLdh daf K\9 B [ lhfh{R WhKh[|]| jh[ KbQilhfQ B lfhHhf[ dhS[dihr[| Bg eh Kgeh Lhbg. TW {`mfhat de bhgQhlr

`]wjh[ Lhbg . ]r f`bhlr {`mfh] Gg`P9h bmhlr[| h`l]g ]g`P9rH


43/152


Hie]h `gRh]hd iwlg Lhbg. Wh gRh]{`mf d`h[wfy] Lhbg b|B ce|ih{bGg. Wt `l dh{K]fhWhQ| d gRh]hHr fh{ - Grdf Lhbg - ]r EGciQ| WhU9er Kger B s dwCehgewi Gr`hHrGhQr` {]B U9g LhihgLhi bhg]g. fh` [ d` Gr` gRh]hHg L{SB hlrLhbg] B hf7 Ldh [ E`]hg. LhWfh W]|]l Cfh dwChHr]r`{Gjhdh fh[h Lhbg]g d L{SB hlr Lhbg] Ld| Ehl Lhbg .

Cl| dwC bQGg{\9B h@ dwC. f`bhlhH|dwC Ldf LhbgLd|[hbt, B hlQ H]fh{a`hf B hgQfh{b iRhTh] dwC RgfhH| LKlJgfhH| dhWf [hbt. Lp], Yh{], {f fhHr {dr Vhfh`lHfh] dwChHh Yh` ]r] bhg]hg, b| dWGe| ih{bGg` Lar dWGy]bhgfhd iHh] bhgQhlg`B W YhgKil LhJh] iwB c EifhgKr Lhbg].d{Rh[R Lhfheh B hgQ]hH {`mf L{f [hbt. iHYy]hWB

B]r]re d`, lG, ]WhH| {WoQ iy`B W dB hlh[|fh WhQh]B Wr L{SB Vhe|Ldge fh L[wlhgSh[| {`mf W[hd LhÙ9]h] N{fhlhfhHr ]r B lfhHr NI9h bhg]g: ]gbh ]ilhfQ bhg@ [LhW{`Hhl B lh`h.

"fB hK]h ]h{àgmh]'~dyYh L. ih . L{S. 0 < 4

fh dyh`lre Yhfh] W[ Lhifh KwQegah[w i {`mfhB U9gSh Jg]|` LhÙ9rHh {`mf Yg\9eh B s fh {^9B hQt pTl bhg]|.fh {^9B hQt Lh[R i ilWg`l K\9 bhg]hg. fh Lh[RhHr CyQ

GhQy[ fh r. ~fh hN\9 Teh{`mft LhKb [dh h, Ldh Yh`hT


44/152

>2 jh[ahB lr

Lhbg. f`bhlh]re dwC| {`Hhliy B ih{bfhd ilWhTdwChHtRa[| Lhbg], Wh ]tH d`` dWGfhHr `hr dfB jh[h[|B Wr Bg er ih{bGg. {`mfheh {HB \y9[ lhbQhl| jh[H fhfh{ mtfhK Ei B l]|. Lf] D Qh[w~Sr W[wf W[hfh {` ABaR hilfh[| aw bhg]hg: fheh dhS[hHr Glr [d]g: ]] G|jh[ LJ{\9] J\9[h i\9rfdr Whfgfh Ljh[h[| Lh`] Lhbg, fheh

dfdwChHr ThgU9r B i[h Vher B s iwlg. L[gB GWK] WhfgHh]hg aw~[]hg ` {]fh [hahd Ew bhg]hg.

`lhfdhS[dihrfh LfhdhHh `gRh]{`mfh] `gaVhfh`l B hbr EifhgK Lhbg B s B hf b| ihb Kgfhd WwcrHEifhgK [hbt Ld| {Rdy[ fg]|: B hlQ pT]jhHg LhHhlf`bhl

dhK]h[h B hg^9|H `lhfhHh EgC [hbt.

"{[Kwfg i{T {`Hl]h B hg {`{S; B hg {[mgS;'

"[{b `hWhlhW {`mfWK]Qh YWf{]'

"fhgKl]hg `h YhgKl]hg `h dKl]hg `h dK{`br[;f ~{Q lW]g {Hh [R{] [R{] [Rfg '

"B Rh{HhhKh {`mfB lQ; df`bl['

"B Rh{Hd`T; {HR{i lGhg {hdwK];'


45/152


"{`mfdg`[t dWhSr Yhg{K]r B St bd]rB St lU9]r iZl `` it r]r'

"[`Qh [`QhoWhHhlSWh [ Wg ShlQhfh[fhgKhRfhgF{i&&'

L[hWhofhgFb WWhfhdbh[hhRgB hgF`{a9;

{a`;Bg ehgFbW'

d{H] Y{G]~rG VhfhWwc|_ Hhey hlShHh L`agmGdh YhgKy[ fh`fhHh Ldge ]dh YhgKy[ Jgfh~e YhgKhf][ahlrlB Whfh `hSr[ B [ bgLhWdWld bhg]h], fh[h fgB L`T|]Lh[Rh{a`hf Rwdl| B hbt _wl] [hbt. aWh{R dhS[h{a`hf {[`c

jh[h[| LhWB hW bhg]hfg]| Ld| iwB c {^9B hQt b\9e|Lhbg .

"{` gB hWf| dhiUg [h & Agdg B hbtH Ldg[h'

"dh`S dhkgir {`agm& jh ] Lh{Q {``hd&&'

"]fhd dhS[t dhfhd& B lQ|Hr [eKg&&'

"jh ] Lh{Q L[f& ]fhd [ eKg AB kQ&&'

ddhl hK [ B Zl]h& iH EihSr [ dhU9]h&

G[hWf| dhTB ]h& {`Hhl|H bhgf&&'


46/152

56 jh[ahB lr

"dh`S dhkg{i Lh{Q Rk& ]fh{d ]B hc{H Whgk&&'

"LhoWihe\9g gm ihe\9h`h& iHt iH B lh`h&Wwf ilWhT dhSh`h& jh[WhK}&&'

fhj`fhHr i[r ~`h{R[r bhg]r. {[w99l y{]fW ~jh[r

LhbgLd| ahh] dh{K]e| Lhbg. G[B hHh lhfB hlYhl, B QhHhddhl fh Bg c B Th [bg].

"fhg{K[hg Yhg{K[hg `h{i fh{K[hg lh{KQhgF{i Hjh[hWhgkhg [ dRgb N{] gRh]{U9pU9W;'

"da Hg9]g `fh; B ]gjh[`h[{i'

LGw[hd Kr]h dhK]h[h LGw[ aWh{R dihr[| fw bhg]hLd| [hbt. hHr dKZ] eh`h`fhHr Vhfhd "GWGWh]lg`h' Lah LTh[| eh`h`r ehKge. Wh fh[g fhgKfw {Hhh[gKr]h Ag{B er fh[|H ]hg B ]hT Vheh.

L{SB hlH]w;dyt]re oh br jh[hHh {`lhW Lhbg. "WWWhfhRwlffh' Whfgfh RwJ\9 Jh\9h]y[ WhK HhgChc]h[h bhg]Ldegfh jh[hfh oWhHh iZlbhl og[| d`de bhg@ [Bw l`hcfh{a`hf bhg] [hbt. {`oh]rHr fhgG[h iwPre B hfhd

Edhbh[| d B lfhB Zl]h Lhbg. Ggbh Ggbh jh[ ]B Gheh]


47/152


48/152

5> jh[ahB lr

N]l {`mf ~w{Kf Lhbg]. `gRh] ~wreh GhQr` Rg@ [ ` ih]{èr[ B lQhlh Lhbg. N]l {`mfh] _ ehHh {[R}a B l]h fg]hg ]l`gRh] bh L[wY` Ldfh[|{[R}a B l]hfg] [hbt. N]l {`mfhfhhrH|dwC iZlQhW~ Lhbg. `gRh]hH|]d| [hbt. N]l {`mfhHgL{S9h[ WhQiZl{W] Lhbg. gRh]hH|L`hUW[dKhgHl Ldy[ iZliyQ` d`h[wfy] Lhbg. N]l {`mfhHr d{`]Lp] fh fh[| RhC{`]h

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63/152

04`gRh]hHh Lfhd

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Ei{[mB heh[]l B W{[iwQ `{RB ` ]`jh[h`rQ Ww{[Ldg Rhg[ `K {Rdy[ fg]h]. iQ gRh]hH| WW [ GhQfhWwc|,Lh{TB dwChag[|, ehgB `hb B WhB U9gH `ceh. oh Ldhg `h[dhg, L[gB B W`rl bh]h] RYWw{9 Jg@ [, D p`iyGh fh dRlhChetEhWhghW E\9Qt LKhd eh`y[, Ehd[ bQy[ LhRhgfh]y[ VhgBgJg] Jg], iy`hoWt ih^9 Bg egeg W Lh^9Lh^9`y[ bQ] Ld] `

~h{B {`HhlhHh ia{b `];d bhg@ Rg] [d].

"]WhR~hQhg {[ }RWhfh] [hfB ]; B ]g['

NB U9gfhH|Rwek Ldg. "fh`hr`Wh{bhgGwbfh]'b|HLhie|L{]W fgf LhbgLd| dWGy[, bgB WB 9hgl i{U9], LT{`br[fj B lr] Ld]. iwP9|fhHh `];Hh {` hd fhfh B Wh`l [dfh[|RwdfhHh{b {` hd ~dg[hdh Vheh. fhWwc| `gR, W{] fh[tdh{K]egeh SW` WrWhdg[|eh`eger f`Th Lh]h {\9B ]g B s[hbt Lar B hcGr Ei Vher ` `] {`Hhl B lfhHr eh\9Edcer. fh]re Hh hB , Kh]W bgWwC bhg]. fh[t gRahh`l

LhkgihHh Yliyl Y{U9Whl Bgeh ` br L[`Th Ryl B lfhB Zl]h


64/152

02 jh[ahB lr

B QhR, Kh]W, B {ie, i]G{e G{W[r, fhd ` fhfhWhKy[Vh9egfh dyfhfhB hlh[t L{òh] oW Bgeg . N]B|H [bg ]l,dwSfhfh dY|]re i{U9]h[t, Lhifh {`hgHr I9hi BwWhZleY9h`l iU9g[h Ld| ihby[ "~w{ff ~e ]f' `hRh] qGB e|bQGgdfhHh {[`hU9h bhg]hgLd| [hbt. Ldh B hg{\BW eP9{èh `df ihlCfhB Zl]h, AB h EH i`]hfh B U9h` [ B hbt RwChi]

[ bhg]hEU9r JgfhH|{Rf LhH [ RhC{`fhHr L\9 Jh]er. brYfR L\9 ihb[ ]hg KhKleh [hbt. Ee\9 "{R gRh; hQwYyhB h{H gk{];' Ld| ~Gh y[, fh WbhWrWhdB h[|d`hRgC] ]|{Rf LhH [ RhC{è| . iQ bhH BwWhZle Y9, "Bg cB WB hU9h] dh{K]egfh LhHhlh[|Whgk {Wc]hg' fh W]hHh bhg]h.fh` [ gRhWhfh~e Gdh fhHh {``hd bhg]h ]dh, ~ br AB

d], {B heh~h{S] `]wLhbg , GK]]d| [hbt ]l {Wfh bQGgB hbt B he Yhdy[ ~h{S] bhgQhl| Lhbg , ~hWfjh[h[|H d`dwCRw;Ch[wY` i ddhlhHr B hlQhdb {[`{h bhg@ [, hW` ih]L`Th[ bhg]| A]yi {[ hQ h bhg]|, b|H Ei{[mRhHgdhl Lhbg ,Ldh fhHh {``hd Ldegeh {Rdy[ fg] [hbt.

]B her[ ` fh[]l {[Jhegfh dRhf[gfh [t,`W]Thi[hT Ei{[mRhHt `hf| Jg@ [ B dh {ìfhd Bg eh,fhfh LhW{`mfB fhfh B hf B hf bhgfh ]g Whgk B ahehbQ] Ld], b| Chere E]hfh` [ HhKe| {Rdy[ fgNe. {a`hf,`gRh]hfhdB hd Lhifh {`HhlhHh WhK ]l HwB ] [hbt[h b|

iU9]hcy[ ibhfhd Eifw `h\9fh{a`hf lhbQhl [hbr.


65/152

03`gRh]hHh Lfhd

W]`hRrhB ]Hh`hBHh`hB

Hh`hB

~hhYhB l ]h{B BY9 hYhB lWhf{WB ~h

LhfhHr fhfhiw bhH LhWh`Rgb LhWhN{f| LhWh

W[ LhWh

~w{ bhH LhWhLjh[ LhWhLjh[hgi{b] LhWhayfhWh

Ei{[mWhQLhWh Ghf]g iw;d `h Am iwm LldWf;]g b hQh Ghi{]Wgf~wfw; hQ LhWhLfhg]l LhWh W[hgWf;

Lfhg]l LhWh {[jh[Wf;

W]`hRr< Hh`hB

> ayf`hRr Whf{WB ~h5 {`jh[`hRr ~h

0 G[ 1 {RU9r = YhB lW]h[wfhfr ]h]r4 { {a9h]r lhWh[wG

2 ]`hRr-Wh`

WhgkhHr fhfh`h]f qB h Wfw bhH Whgk

LhfhHh EI9gR [ha bhgQ|SWu jh[d]h[hHr {[`{h Vhnr Ld]h{[Wn jh[hHh ERf bh gQ | bhHWbhgRfWhgk bhgfLh`lQhHh YK bhgQ|Lh[RWf ilWhfhWfg Gr`hHh nfGr`hfh qnK alrlhHh [ha bhgQ|Bg c d`B ]` bh AB KwQ dh|Uy99[`hdwRg`hfh d`j`h{R ~hB sfh d`KwQhHr h{ Vhfh[| YK`h[hfhfThT ` ihHh L[wY` fgQg

GKB ]`, nWri{]`, ` or`d


66/152


67/152


68/152


69/152


70/152

10 jh[ahB lr

fheh iwP9| LP9ciR {Wche| b| Cl|, iQ fh] fhfh ``hHhehgi Vhegeh Lhbg. `]]h {blh`y[ Jg@ [ B hgQhd GlrHB {]iRh`l ~d{`fh] Lhe| ]lr ]| iR `] Klr~rfhGr`[higkh B Wr Wb`hH| 9l]|. {``h{WhHr {]d{9 B lfhHrB W`{h L{`HhlhHrH ^9ler. LTh] dbg]wB B W-dB ifhfH ^9l]hg. {[b}]wB B W Vhe| ]lr dB i Bg ehH ih{bGg.

{[b}}]wB B Wheh {[B hWB W, dB il{b] B W, LB W Ld|bQ]h]. iQ Wych] ]| ]d| [d]|. B hgQfh{b iRhThH| ` iefh] ^9d{`fhH| jh[RgCre B W i Lhbg ` fhHh{b ag`\9tfhK B lh`h ehK]hg. dbg]wB {[b}]wB B Wheh ~rGYy] Ldeger`hd[h B Wh[| Ehg{G] bhg]g ` br jh[hd {`lhgSr Lhbg bQy[ B Wb|WhgkhH|dhS[ [bg . {Gjhdyeh {Hhaw{fw{ WhgkhgWwC B lfhH|

]| dhS[ Lhbg. {[;daf jh[h[|H hgk {Wc]hg. B hlQ iwmB WWf [dy[ {`hWf Lhbg. d9rfh f`bhlh] B WhHrLh`fB ]h Lhbg ` fhH LTh[| - "[{b B pH] kQW{iGh]w {]9fB WB ]', "ehgB hgFf B W~S[;'bh ehgB B Wh[|~hSegeh Lhbg Ldh EiRga Bg eh Lhbg. B WhHr fhfh {`]]B [, HheQ|, ~hgeQ|, {`Hhl B lQ|, bt RgCre B WXH bhg]. WKfhHh fhK B lh`fhHh B hf7 Ld| b\9fhd fh `hYh{`BB Wh~e B hgQhHhH {`lhgS [hbt. {``] i i`rHh B W bhB hfRh Lhbg. bQy[ fh LhWdhg`l {``]hHh Yhd bhg]hg fh`f{d ` ihd bh ~S[B l bhg] [hbt. {``]hYhd Gh@ [,d` LhWff bhg@ ehKfhd jh]h, jg ` jh[ br {iw\9r

{aB lhb] [hbt. h ` [ ahr jh[hHr iy`ir{^9B h [r\9iQ|


71/152

11`gRh]hHh Lfhd

dWGy[ fgNe. fh[]l LhiQhd ahrf `gRh]hfh ` ihHrLhgcC B [ fh`fhHr Lhbg. iQ fhiyù {`Hhlhfh LhQCrAB h Rhe[h] `ga B .

WhfgHh {`Hhl Bg eh ]l ]r {dh] ikh] "WwctH [hbt'Ld| 9l]| {]Hr dK{] eh`fhHh f[ {]fh L{[ H[rf]gWwc|

_ d]hg. {HRhfhH|` i {`B ] Yh`h[| , fh Ljh[hWwc|Lhbhd{Rd]|, ]r Whfh bhgf. {]ehH Eih{S bQ]h]. `rG d` Y [Lhbg iQ, EihSr{a`hf {]H| dhWf K\9 bhg] [hbt iQ ]rEihSr bQGg rG [bg. EihSrfh {^9B hQt dhWhfiQ| Ldegfh{`GgH| {àgm K\9rB lQ B lfhH| G| dhWf Lhbg ]|dwhEihSr-dhS[hH| [bg. fh dhS[heh K{] h`r ehK]g. ]r K{] dhWhf

{`Ggb[ {Y [d]g. bQGgdhS[ i fh[h K{] RgQhlr `rG,dhWhf `rGH {àgm`h[|dhS[hlh iK\9 bhg]g . dhS[hWf|G|{àgm` Lhbg ]g, dhS[~eh`l K\9 Vhege| [dy[, ]|{b d Ylegfh K]rfh L{S9h[h`lH Lè~y[ Lhbg. fh{B dhS[|]lr K{] {Rfhd B h{_ lh`r] ]l K]t] {_ l{`fhH| dhWf LhbgbQy[. ~l| K]reh ]lr b|dhWf B hg y9[ {Wche| ]l Hg][hihdy[.Hg][ b| `];fh dhWfh[| K{] Ei B l]|. iQ K{] dhffhH| iT lQ B Kgfhd L{[ H[rf]hH iB lh`r ehKge.Ldhg: d dhS[| [hbtar Bg et Kget ]l, WycHr rG [hbtar bhg][hbt. {]H| ` i Gd|fh ]d|H lhb]|. ]hif dhS[ i Eih{S`dhWfh[| B hbtH B lfhd dWT bhgg] [hbt. {`GgH| Wyc i

dWGe| bQGg EihSr[| Vhegeg {]HgB hl Lh[RRhfB bhg]h].


72/152

1= jh[ahB lr

brH pT{] fh GKhHr Lhbg. b| GK {`B ] ` ih] Yhd]|Ld| h\9Q| br Whfh bhgf. {]ehH L{`h bQ]h]. WhfgH| {[Wye[bQGg, ]r Chg\9r Ld| [dy[, fh {`B ] ` ih] ]r Yhd]g fh{`B ]rH| {Wfh` {d Vhe| bQGg Vhe|. B hlQ ]r {`B {]RgCre WycHr [dy[, Ljh[ B pi] Lhbg. ehB U9hfh Bg egfhbht] ehB U9hHh dhWhfYh` {]lhgSh[ ih`]hg, ]| Ljh[ ` bh

bhr ehB U9hHh LhbgLd| dWGQ| b| jh[. iQ Ld| jh[ Vhfh`l{bl{dB W[wf fh bhr{`mft {]lB hl K\9 B lr] [hbt. ]l CfhbhrH| dhf fh ehB U9heh fh B hafh[| h B [ {Re|, fhB hafhH| ]hg Ee\9 B h]wB H B l]hg ` ehB U9hdhlCr GU9 `]wRgCre B hafh[| Lhifhd `];H| (ehB U9hH|) ` i{`dl{`fhd B ar eh`]g, fhH| {[lrkQ B l]h[h, AB sB U9g

ehB U9hH| dhWhf jh[ AB sB U9g B hafh[| ~[eger ehB U9hHr{`B {], fh RhgbtHr ]we[h B l]hg, bQy[ fhd EihSrHh {]lB hlB lfhH| WwctH B hlQ lbh] [hbt. B hlQ AB Rh fh fh B ]t]refgf ibhfhB U9g `{h Vher B s, N]l B hgQfh{b dhS[hB U9gLhihgLhiH Rwek bhg]|.

`]w]; EihSrHh gm qB h {]lB hl bh AB Ld{bQw]gHhHB hl Lhbg. AChRh S[hP9 W[wf Lhifheh LhÙ9] [dehB s, LhiQ fh[| fh WhKh[| di{h {Wc{èr Ldge, fh`l\9rB h B lfhd dwl h] B l]h|. fh \9rBg Hh W{]]hT Ldh Ld]hgB s, fh br[ dhS[h[| ]hg di Vheh, ]ah dhS[h[r B hgQr{b

di bhg@ aBg e iQ fh WhKhH| Lè~[ SW9h, [r{]9h,


73/152

14`gRh]hHh Lfhd

f`bhl\9h, ]B \9h Lfhgf Ldfh[|, dbGdhf Ldy[{b,Wr LKrB hlr] [hbt bh WhVh ThgliQh bhgf. ]`hfh 9r[| br{`HhldlQr fhgf [hbt. B hlQ dhS[| bt il], bQGg SW,dWhG[r{] fh`l L`e~y[ Ldfh[|, Gt AB gB hct fhgf ]tHRwdfh`gcr Lfhgf ^9l] Ld]h]. iQ ]` b| {[l]l {\9B Qhl| `B St{b fw] [ bhgQhl| Ldfh[g, dhS[]hRhfh[| ]`hB U9g ihb[

Hhe] [hbt. {Y B ]rWwc| {Y dhS[| {[WhQ bhg]h]. iQfh]re dhf AB i Lhbg qB h [hbt, b|H ibhQ| LKfhH|Lhbg. ]`h[wdSh[ Vhe| B s Eih{SdhS[hB U9g LhihgLhi Rwefbhg]g ` Ldh LfhdH ogfdhSB Lhbg. B {ieh-KhgWfh[| awBg eger `gRr, fh`l dw`h{d[r[| Jh]eger lhKhgcr, RYh[r Bg ege|iZldWhgb[, iZl]lQ, fh`l \9hB egfh ehe~wR Lk]h, b`[rf

fh[| ]w9 Vhegeh L{, Lah gct orfj[hlhfQhiwP9| EY| lhb[-

B hU9fhgiihhf B W~` {iQg&`Khi`KRhg H fjgahf [Whg[W; &&


74/152

12 jh[ahB lr

]`h[wdSh[hB U9g lbh`|bQGg Vhe| . B {]KwQh[w iH dhS[hHrLhÙ9 LdQhl. B {] dh{`B Ldfhd YG[iyG[hB U9g {hbhgNe, lhGd Ldfhd EhWhgghW YhgKhHr LhÙ9 lhbre ]hWdLdhd Lh hKhB U9g {h bhgNe. bh Eih{SYgR Lhbg,iQ hwcg ]hdh[g Bgegfh, lhGdh[| YhgKegfh qB h d`h[|LhHlegfh dwChHr AB hfh]h [hbt, Ld| bQ]h fh`fhH|

[hbt. Lh]h Ld|Kbr] Sle| ]l d H ]hWdr bhg@ [ L[`ThdK fgNe Ld| h\9fhd d H dhp`B B h bhgQhl [hbt], Ldh{`Hhl B lh`h. EiG] ~w{ Bw WhKuH Ld]g Ld| {`Sh[ ShU9dhH|bhgNe. b|d{9 {Hf Lhbg ]|{[l]l lhbQhl Lhbg . KwbgB lfhHr`{h AB h {`{a9 KwQB]t] [d{KB H Ei bhg]g fh ]]y`l]r Lè~y[ Ld]g, fhH| Lhilga[ Bgfhd, ]r {h B Wr

bhg]g, Ld| dfhgK {d B lfhHg [ LWgZlBg ] d_ e bhg]Lhbg]. fh` [{b Eih{SYgRH {d bhg]hg. orlhW, orBQ, orRh,orihUw9lK, Nfh{R dhp`B Rg`]hHg Y , {G]fh Lh]wl]g[| `gWh[| Lhihifh EihfRg ]gH| LH[, YG[, iyG[ B l]h] ]rHLh]wl]h ` ]|H gW {I9W]h, WbhB her, SyWh`]r `Kl|fhEihdB h] Ld]|. RhgJg{b ]r[ bhg]h]. iQ dhS[| ` Eih{SLKRt {Y Ld]h]. bQy[ dhS[hHh LhKb qB h {]lB hlB lfhH| B hlQ [hbt. LhlYt B hbtH [d]|. {`{S B ih`h ]gbh{àgm bhg]hg. SWhHr fhfh ^9l{`fh{a`hf LSW B hgQ]h b|RhC{`]hfg] [hbt. ~l| {[Ù9fh{a`hf `hN\9 {aB lbh] [hbt.fh d` `hrfh LhK]wB {B fh Lhbg]. dhWh{GB {]9gd

LhH{`Qhlh ]wK LhG {]9gHr B dhg\9r 9leh Lhbg. Wh[`r {`Hhl,


75/152


76/152

=6 jh[ahB lr

Lhbg. Wycfh {B lQhH| [hbt. {[l]l dhlCgH {B lQ lh{bfhd ]g]hiRhfB Vhfh{a`hf lbhQhl [hbt]. bh Eih{SYgR fhehdWGeh, fheh dyfbh EihSr[| Khdeh Lhbg Ld| B StH h\9Qhl[hbt. LhfhH| ` i Ld|H Lhbg. Eih{SYgRh[|]g {`B] Vhegd|`h\9]| bh RgCre fh LhWa sHh W{bWh Lhbg. LWf LhWh,hQWf LhWh, W[hgWf LhWh, {`jh[Wf LhWhbr Lh[RWfH

Lhbg. B ha ` LShl, GhK{], `[, dwmw{, ]wfh, EW[r fh`{hYh h] ]hg `gK`gKch `h\9eh ]l ]hg KwQ Eih{Sfw hrHhLhbg. Wyc ` ihHh [bg. brH Eih{S L{`hWel{b], awdhp`B Vher B s, Gr`hH| Gr`iQ [ {Rd]h N`l` {RdyehK]|` WhfhgihSrHh fhK Vheh B s d` LhWYh` ]r] bhg]hg. fhYh`h[| ihb ehKfhd d {^9B hQt LhWdhh {Rd]g B c] h

[ B c] W[wf LhWhgbhdhB Zl]hV\9]hg , Ld|{Rdy[ fg]|. f`bhlh]LhW{``hdh~lhg~l alrl{b ]| B hf B lfhd h bhg]|. W[h]AB hR| fgf {[l]l `h`l] Ld]| ` fhfh iyQ]gHt _ e|Wh[dhgbhdh[|]hg H9hC]{b Ld]hg . iQ fheh fh`bhZlB df`[dfh[| fhHr f`bhlh] iyQ]h ]r] bhg] [hbt ` ]r bh`rA]RT d`f[ Ld]hg . fgf Kbr] SlQ| br Gar AB B hi{[B{B h Lhbg ]arH heh h`bhZlB d` h`g br RgCreB hi{[B {BfhH bhgf. bQy[ B i[geh LhShlYy] Ldege| W[ag`\9t B ah] WwlU9]|, fhH|{[lrkQ Bg e| ih{bGg.

W[ GU9 Lhbg. ]| `]; _ hgl9B [hbt. W[ ir EihSt]

_w lQhfh Lhfh`lH bg {`B hl bhg]h]. Wh {`B hlhH| Wyc,


77/152

=


78/152

=> jh[ahB lr

or aB l Wh{QB Yw WbhlhG - or Rh Gf]r Rl~hl (


79/152

dhkhB hlHr ilgmh

B hgQfhbr {`mfhd~Sh[| Ldhg, fhHh {[{Rfhd ehKeh

Ldge, fhH| fk jh[ bhgQ| fheh dhkhB hl bQ]h].Y{ Sh[ KTh]y[ KTB fhH| G| Eihf R ] Ldge fhfhKh^9rYg\9rHt `Q[| LhP9c]h]. Yh{`B W[wf AB hK]g[| Ggbh btHZl| `hH]hg, ]gbh dbG fheh "Ldh dhkhB hl Weh bhgNeB hf7' Lar {Gjhdh Ei bhg]g. dhkhB hl bh h Lar NI9hB hEi bh`r fhHh {`Hhl Bg fhd, h{QWhhfh 9hft LdegerdwChHr LhgP9 b| fhH| B hlQ {Rd]|. L{YGh] dwCgIw9 Gr`B {]`Yh`h[w i ~[egfh `hrWhQ| dwChHr fhfh ^9l`y[^9g`]hg ` ]| dwC `];fh f[h[| {Wcge B s [hbt, Lar aB hS [ Lah dhkhB hlh[| AB dWfh`I9gR|B [ ]| dwC h bhgNe` WK B hbr N{]B ]f lhbQhl [hbt Ld| dWhSh[ Wh[y[ Jg]hg.

dhkhB hlhfh Yy{WB|] G| f Er{i] bhg]|]| Lhifh qH][~eh[|


80/152


81/152


82/152


83/152

=4dhkhB hlhHr ilgmh

W[; B ] B ] lhW [ alrlB ] B ]W

W[ A` W[wfhQh B hlQ ~SWhgkfhg;

b| L];B lQiHB Vhe| ]lr `];fh dhfh[| B hbrHB aB ] [hbt. fheh B hfhd B lQhlh H]fB haH Lhbg.

W[hgf LhWh {`mfhat ]RhB hl bhg@ [ _w l]hg ` fhHg d`fhihl H]fh]H bhg]h]. ]Th{i,

fhg W[{d {]9[ W[dhgF]lhg f W[hg [ `gR&ff W[; alrlfhg W[hg F]lhgfWffgm ] LhWhF]fhfW];&

~bRhlB Ei{[mR

Lhie| W[ N]B| dhWf h[ Ld]h dhkhB hlhfh fh` ihHh dhkhB hl bh h Lar qH][h Bger Ldge fhat ]hRhfbhgfhH|]| dhgU9re b| af [hbt. Lh]h `];H| dhWf {B ]r Lhbg,fhHh {`Hhl B l]h[h, Wr B hgQ, b| ih{be|ih{bGg bhH {`Hhl d `gRh] KTh]y[ Bgegeh Lhbg. fhHh diyQ{`Hhl Vheh bQGg , fhB Zl]hdhkhB hl bh`fhHh ` Vheh Ld| dWGh`fhH| fhH|, LhiQHLh{RB hlQ Lhbh| Ld| dWGy[ fgNe, `]w]; {[{ mf]hH iQYhmhThB Zl]hLh{RB hlQ bQh | ehK]g . ihfheh ih\9h]y[ hbfh]B hbt hd [hbt qB h B hlGhWSy[ EU9fh] Lh[Rbr [hbt. bhihbQhhfh Lh`U9rHh {`mf Lhbg. {f W[wfhHr ]w{] L[gB

B hlh[rB lfh] Gar WhG `h\9]g ]hgH LhbhR L[gB {`mfh]y[


84/152

=2 jh[ahB lr

`gRh]{ Hhl Bgfh[| bhg]hg. `];fh dhWfhH|{RRa[ {`mf{``gH[h]

`gchg-`gcrfgQhl|Ldfh[| dhkhB hlheh Lh[wm{KB LdQhlh fhgK,Y{ fhgK fhHh {`Hhl B .

fhgKWhKh] dhkhB hl dWhSr[]l bhg]hg. W[ ` ~w{ {HhhHgb]B LdfhWwc| {HhhHh {[lhgS B lQ| L`f Lhbg. {HhhHh

{[lhgS Rhg[ ]bg[|B hlh`h. Lfhd lhf. Lfhd bQGgBg egeg|Hiw[; iw[; B lQ|. lh fhH|f]Wh[ lhf, f{]lgB `lh f, AB|{fdjB`lhf arB hldjB `lhf Ld|ihg\9YgR Ldy[ i{be|]r[ dhShlQLhbg] ` `arB hldjB `lh bh Wb`hHh Lhbg. fhHg iw[; Rhg[{`YhK Lhbg], il ` Lil. ih{begfh ` AgB egfh { mfh~eHr{`l s b|il lhf Ldy[ Wr B ]h Ldy[ YhgK JgQ|b| Kl{a], fh

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85/152

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86/152

46 jh[ahB lr

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89/152

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90/152


91/152

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( {`HhldhKl)


92/152

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93/152

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94/152

42 jh[ahB lr

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95/152

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96/152

26 jh[ahB lr

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Ghg WhK ]hg `gRh].

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fh`bhZlB dwC k{QB Lhbg [h7 ]|H pTl B lh bQGg Vhe| !


97/152


98/152

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99/152


100/152

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ehKer fhigkh Y W iwlh`h B hf ih{bGg7

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fg@ [ fhHh {`B hl bhg@ehKfhiy u Glh TfS [ hHh iZlQhW


101/152

21`gRh]hHh fh`bhZlB {`Hhl

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102/152

2= jh[ahB lr

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bg]y Lhbg.''

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108/152

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32 jh[ahB lr

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118/152

jh[ahB lr

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{H{ehdYh`[h

"{H{ehdYh`[h' bQy Gh`| ]l ]dh Tch hJ{\9]

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138/152

> jh[ahB lr

bh {èhd Ligkhl{b] ` {[lbB hl]g[g bhg] LdfhWwc|Yh`[gHgB hlQ bQy[ B hbtH dhK]h fgQhl [hbt, br fhHr dbG erehLhbg. fh eregfh Wwchar `hgbhdhf{]Zl B hbr AB {RdQhl[hbt bQy[ ]hg {[fh[RYZl] Lhbg ` bg Lh[RhHg èf N]Bg {`]rQ Lhbg B s fh]y[ Nah[gNI9h Bg fhdbr fhd ~hbgl iU9]hfh`fhH| [hbt.

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SW [r{] WfhRh Nfh{R HhB hglt]y[ Gh] Lder ]l ]r dwCh`bL]A` EiB hlB ^9l]g ` `lre ~S[hHr {k]r [ ~hcK]hWhgB h\9Sh y ehKer ]l L[wiB hlr 9l]g. fh Yh`[h Gr` d9riwlfhd_ e`h {`_ e B fhbr ^9lhg] fhHh EiZl{[{R99 Nad9rat B dehHd~S ehKy aB ] [hbt: B hlQ L{`gfh `hbh l ihgdegfhGr``kheh B WhH|C] fh B hlHg Ldge fh Wh[h[g B Uw9, KhgU9,

]wl\9, Lar _ cgfg] Ld]h]. NlhHr Eih{S aw dhp`B Ldfh[g]gTg Lh[Rh{a`hf Rdlh Yh`H E{R] bhg] [hbt. {a`hf Nad{9 Gr`d{9 fhHr dhWwKrbr {Y Lhbg. AB h] dhgih{SB YW Lhbg ]lRdfh] {[ih{SB YW Lhbg. jh[iy B AB hHg L[gB {RdQ| fhehLjh[ bQ]hfh`fhHg [hbt. dhClg[g ~[{`egfh B Uw9 `Rh`[h`l[hW dhfhWwc| B \w9]gHr B i[h Vher ]lr fhHgWyc jh[ ir

dhClgfh KhgU9t] LdfhWwc|]g dbdh B Uy9 ehKQhl [hbt. dw]hlLhifh B hafh[g Bgeger (bhr, JhgU9h, dwdl, Khf Nfh{R)ehB U9r G[h l|EihRh[ ih[g ehByU9 fh dhWhf [hWheh ih Lder]lr fh`l bhgQhfh bhr, JhgU9h, dwdl, Khf Nfh{R Yh`[hLjh[WyeB bQ]h fgQhl [hbt]. LSlh] LG ehB U9hHh ChgU9Gl bhr WhQg{Rdeh ]l ]dg {RdQg Ljh[WyeB bQ]h fgNe:iQ iZloWiy`B ]fhl Bg egeh ehB U9hHh bhr, bh dw]hlhfhB hlh{KlrHh {`ehd Lhbg. ]hgB fheh {G]B h LhbhRRhfB `h\9]hg{]]B hH ihbQhfhd{b WhgRG[B Ld]hg. {Wfh LhB lhHgdfBjh[ Vhfh l Ljh[G{[] df]gWwcg Gg {`B hl h\9] Ld]h] ]gH{`[hgRhHh {`mf bhg]h]. ]] GK]br Lah {`[hgRhHh {`mf h\9Q|

brH "{H{ehd Yh`[h' Lhbg. fh (Lfh h\9fh) Wwc|H "Agk]'


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0 jh[ahB lr

" i i ' Nfh{R WhQhHr dK{] ehKyQ GKhHr WhU9Qr brf`pT] bhg`y aB ]g . [h\9B h]re [\9rHg ERhblQ fh {`mfhehL[w i LdgLhbg . [\9heh "Wr r gmShlr Lhbg. ]w]; r [bg'Lar f{Yjh Ld]gbQy[ {[dK]; r Yh`[geh Gg{`B hl K\9B lh`gdg`h\9] [hbt] qB `h aher[[]gWwcgdB hgH `h\9]hg ]g d`{`B hl [\9r dYWh[| EGgU9h] LhQ]g. fhH| B hlQ [\9 bh Wwch] r

Yh`hfh {`B hlhihdy[ L{e Ld]hg. _ B egHh {èhd bQy[]hgr`Yh`hfh d WWhHg L[wB lQ B lr] Ld]hg, bg Lhbg.[\9rHh i{]-iw{`mfB {èhi gkB hfh U9hgfh]y[ Lowih]B l{`fhd dWT bhg]hg ]l gkB h`l Vhegeh bh iZlQhW LhifhB eh {èhdhHgd{\9{_ Bg \9 bQy[ [\9heh Lh[R Rgfhd B hlQrYy]bhg]hg. gkB hfh ` [\9rfh {`Hhl dhWwKrHr {Y]h b|H fhH|

B hlQ bhgf: bQy[ Gr`d{9 ` Nad9r]re _ lB ekh] Jg]ehih{bGg. Ldh _ lB ekh] [ Jg]eh ]l AChRh Yh{ B Wr ddhl{`mfB i[rfh `hdf, gW, WfhRh, i{] {`mft LhRlfwLhp]f ~w{ Nfh{R Yh`[g[g dwChèhg iQ ilWhT{`mfB{H{ehd Yh`[g[gYh~h`y[ {[~e Vhehg Ld| {]ihR[ B lfhdB Wr B lQhl [hbt fhWwcg{H{ehdhHr K Yrl]h ETc Vhfh{a`hflhbQhl [hbt. bQy[ Yh`[gHh, ` Na-Gr` d9rHh ThgU9h N{]bhd{Reh Lhbg. Yh`[gHgfh igkh Gh] i9rB lQ B lh gd| `h\9fhdB hfah ` Wh[dah fh h]h] Kgeg ih{bGg iQ ]g"WwhehdhgUy9[ _ hGre dHhl' fh Lhkgihd ih bhgNe. {a`hf Vheg Lhbgfg`P9|{` gH[ dhShlQ]; Yh`[gHg ` i ekh] Yl`y[ Rgfhd, `

"{H{ehd Yh`[h' fh aR fhgKh] Yh`[h ` {èhd bg aR,


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1{H{nhdYh [h

"H]fhHr d Lh[RiyQ fhr 9d{`fhfh bg]y B Zl]h{HRfhiwP9g fhg{GegLhbg] b| dWGfhd iwlgdgLhbg. d~~ fg TgH Lh\9hgi]gJg@ [ Wyc {`mfhB U9g `cy.

`gRh]ahhfh L{]W {dh]hHh iw[hl L[gB `gchB lh`h ehKge, ]gbh dweY]g[g B l]h fh`h fh EiB hlB 9r[|H

B s B hf "~ df GKpWfh Gr`hg ~` [h il;'fh LSehgB h] iy`hHhfh[r `gRh]dhl B T[ Bg eg Lhbg. ThgU9fh]dhKh`fhHg bQGg b| dhl d` {`H {H{ehd Yh`[gHg WycLhbg: bg bhgf. ~ df Lhbg ` GK {Wfh Lhbg Lar fhHrpTljh Vher fh pT]jhHgGKR{`mfB {`Hhl ]rH {H{ehdYh`[h bhgf. bhH Yh` ffhTh[g dy{H] bhgNe Ldh Kr]gfh

Rdfh Lfhfh] H]wl LGw[h[| YK`]hd {`Hhleh Lhbg. ]hgbQ]hg - "pT]jf B h Yhmh dWh{STf Bg a`&&pT]Sr; qB Yhmg] {B Whdr] Gg] {B W&&10&&'fhfhEhlh] YK`]h[t fh {àgmQh[t pT]jhHg `Q[ Bg eg Lhbg:]t qB h ]hHB N]l Lheget Chere {àgmQ| `hd[hf ,`];fh ^9hftH d]w9, dwC R;Ch] Lhd [degeh, r]r,Yf, Bhg S {`B hl fhHgdw\9egLhbg] Ldh "Lg9h d Yy]h[hW'd`hHh {W, ilWB h{QB , kWhare, dRh Lh[{R], fhfhihdy[ ehgB hd ih`] [hbt] ` Ghg ehgB hihdy[ ] bhg] [hbt,bm ` EgKhihdy[ Ww , i{`, Rk, d`hlY_ efhKr, L{[Bg ]Nfh{R {àgmQhHh {`Hhl Bg fhd Lah KwQh[rfw Ldh W[wf

Ldy aBg e B hf7 bg dbG ekh] fgNe. `]w]; br {àgmQ|


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`{hfhrHr Lh`fB ]h Lhbg fg`P9| K{b] S [ iwP9g Gh@ .Lhfhfh {^9B hQt `];fh W{bW|] Lh[Rh] lhbfhf{]ZlRdlh SW [hbt Ldg Gl Lhbg ]l "YhdWh[ bhgQhlr d{9 B arEi Vher ` Bw Qr Bg er7' Ldh {`Hhl Ei bhg]hg ` fhHg{[lhB lQ "GgTg Ldh {`Hhl Ei bhg]hg ]gTy[H d{9 Ei bhg]g'Ldg Lhbg. iQ b| Ehl dbG dWGh`fhH| [hbt ` i\9h`fhH|{b

[hbt. bQy[ Glh L{SB _ hgU9 B lQ| Lh`fB Lhbg. fgBhQr `B W ~e`hl ~wrfh L[wlhgSh[g {[fa; d{9 lH[gHgB hf B lr] Ld]hg. fh d9rHg Rhg[ B hl Lhbg] () {[~e Wh[d d{9. d~e Wh[d d9rH| L{S9h[ NlhHrfh`bhZlB dhh bg Ldy[ {[~e Wh[d d9rH| L{S9h[ `];HrNI9ha{ Lhbg. NI9ha s`l _w Zl] bhgQhfh Wh[d d9t]

Cl| H]f Yl{`fhHg dhWf Gl R` fhgKh[| qB h RR`h[g W[wfWhhfh {^9B hQr h bhgNe ]l fhfh fhfh Lh`U9r WhQ|L[gB GK] L[] B hl| ilil {`lhgSr Ldg `lHg `l Eibh`fhd ehK]re: ]|bh Ghg dhWh{GB , [{]B , lhGB sf `ahrf Kh|Sc WhGge fhHr B i[hH Bg eger ~lr. iQ fhd9t] ]ah dhWfhdh^9r fh`bhZlB Wh[`r f[hd K[h fhigkhL{SB qB W] Rg]h fg] [hbt. d{9 bQGg GhK]h`Tg]re {[~eiQ {H{ehdhWB AB eJw `[ bhgf, d~e Wh[d d{9 RgCref{i RrJ `[ i Lder ]lr ]t] fh`bhZlB dhg[g H]fhHhhRYh` bhg] LdfhWwc|W[wfWhhfh dwCR;C {`mfB Yh`[geh]r G~h~Rhl lhb]g. Wh[` hQr TW fh d9rat [hfh KhgfhHh

d~S GhgUy9[ ~ {`B hlr bhg]hg Lh{Q []l fh {`B hl~]g~e


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2 jh[ahB lr

L[w i Lah dwC R;Chfh Whh EKhcr] ~d]hg. fheh fhB hWr L{`gHr Ylr` WR] Ld]g. fh L{`hgihSrHh fhK BgfhdWh LhiQ L{`gWwcg Wh[r] bhg]hg fh ~S[hfh ierB U9HgLhbhg. N]B| H [bg ]l NlhHr d{9 br LhierH LhgG`r a{Lhbg: {]Hg {[fhWB ` fh {HI9 sWwcg bhg]g ]rH {HB ehGr`hHh Gr`iQh fhfd LhQy[ Rg]g: Ldg h\y9 ehKge. Clg ihb

Kgfhd LhiQ fh L{`hgihSrWwc| Nlhihdy[ {`Y Lhbhg fhWwcgd{9~S[ LhidwCgH Lhifh `l iU9fh[| qB {Hj ` Lijfhigkh L{SB LhWHr fhgf]h [hbt: Lah YhWB dWGw]r[g Rr[bhg`y[ YW]rfh _g fh] dhiU9ehg Lhbhg. LTh] bg LhiQ bhg@ [L{KB hlegeg ~S[ LhiQH [hbtdg Bg fh{a`hf Kf]l [hbt.{a`hf HyB fh[h] fg]hH ]{lhdhgif Bg eh ih{bGg ]lH af

Lhbg. `[hWfg JU9egfh ihihB Zl]h Gdg Rdfh {R`atfh`[h] hf{] fh`g ehK] [hbt ]] L{`hiZl`g{9] Gr`YW {[ld[ bhgfhd Rdfh GWhHr G lr [hbt. ~hgS[ bg AB HEYf dB \9hH| {[Rhe[ B lfhd dWT Lhbg. "]`]h Ghg {aE&]hg Th{H Vheh GrE&& ]gfhdr ]gfhHh EKE&& RhC`h`hGr&&


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jh[ahB lr

JU9g[h&&', "Llg GgVhe|{H [hbr& fhHr h]h iwddr B hN&&'Ldg bQ]h] fh] h{]Yh{dB ` fh`bhZlB dhh [ Jg]h Bg cihlWh{TB dhhH L{KB hler Gh]g ` YhdQhlg GK] L{bBw U9e,aaaK, `fhiw`] LYh` i Wh[y[ "{`B i iWW]W' bgfhHg ` i dhKr]eg Gh]g. {`B i bQGg fh d~Sr Bg caRh` [ W[hHr B hbr ]lr B i[h bhg]g iQ fh] ]` Ldg

B hbtH [d]g ]hg - "aRjh[h[wih]r `]wayfhg {`B i;'.LGh]`hRh] Whfh L{`h fh aRhHh {`Kb L[wB W| "fh Whdh Whfh'` "fh [ {`]g dh L{`h'Ldh B l]h] ` fhRhgbt[h ayf dhgHr WwlU9 Jhey[ LGh{] ^9l{`]h]. LTh] GgT|WhfgHh hRY`H ayf`] Lhbg ]gTg Whfh B hf bQy[ [h`hGegfh{KwQ, B he, B W `Yh`, iHWbhYy]| Nfh{RB h[h B dh Thlh

{WcQhl7 LGh]`hRh]re Leh]HB hHh 9h] d`ow] LhbgH.Rhglr`l dhi Lhbg Ldh YW bhgfhHg B hlQ Rhglr, Rhglreh L{S9h[br RhglrH di [hbt fh Yh`[gHg if`dh[ br Rhglr]H bQy[ dhibh {B her Chg\9h Ldegeh {`B i bhgf. fhH WhQg GK]hHrLGh{] Lhbg Ld| {]ih{Reg Gh]g. LGh]`hR Whfh`hR fh]reWb`hHh _ lB Ldh Lhbg B s LGh]`hR GKRihrH [hbt LdgbQ]hg Whfh`hR GKhr{] Wh[y[ ]r {Wfh Lhbg Ldg dhK]hg.LGh]`hRhWhQ| Gl bg GK Vhe|H [hbt ]l ]g {Wfh Lhbg LdgdhKfh] ]lr B hf LT Lhbg7 GK] ]r{] fg]g Ldh Yh` K{b]Sleh ]lH ]r {Wfh dhKfhHh dK fg]hg. fglbr G| Vheg{H[hbt fhHr dK]r eh`fhHgfhgG[H [hbt: iQ "LlgGg Vheg{H

[hbr'qB h "bg GK [hbt'LT`h ]g YhdWh[ GK] Chg\9g Lhbg


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