dna & rna
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
DNA
"The Blueprint of Life"
The goal of DNA and RNA• DNA and RNA exist to act as the code for all the
proteins that are made in your body.
• Chemical reactions run according to these proteins. We’ve looked at proteins in the following reactions:– photosynthesis & cellular respiration– mitosis and meiosis
• Proteins also determine your physical traits (hair color, eye color) and how your body reacts to the environment.
• Basically, proteins do everything and DNA is the code for how to build the proteins.
DNA stands for...
DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
DNA FACTS
• established by James Watson and Francis Crick
• Shape of a double
helix
• codes for your genes (traits)• made of repeating subunits called
nucleotides
What is a nucleotide?
Has three parts:
PHOSPHATEDEOXYRIBOSE (sugar)BASE (A,T,G,C)
Base-Pair Rule
Adenine <==> Thymine
Guanine <==> Cytosine
The sides of the DNA ladder are phosphate & sugar
held together by hydrogen bonds
Base Pair Rule
One side: A T A T C A T G C G G G
Other side:
Base Pair Rule
One side: A T A T C A T G C G G G
Other side: T A T A G T A C G C C C
How the Code Works
The combination of A,T,G,C determines what traits you might have, for ex.
C A T C A T = purple hair
T A C T A C = yellow hair
Think of the bases of DNA like letters.
Letters form words....
Words form sentences.... *endless combinations
RNA carries the "message," or DNA code, to the ribosomes, where proteins are made
RNA - the messenger *single strand*ribose sugar*contains no thymine, uracil instead
*follows base pair rule, except adenine binds with uracil instead of thymine
DNA: A T A G C GRNA:
