dna dna→rna→protein. nucleotides nucleotides are the pieces of dna (monomer) each nucleotide...

11
DNA DNA→RNA→Protein

Upload: myrtle-skinner

Post on 03-Jan-2016

220 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

DNA

DNA→RNA→Protein

Page 2: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

Nucleotides

• Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer)

• Each nucleotide has:– A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar

(Deoxyribose) and a phosphate – Nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine,

Thymine

Page 3: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

Double Helix

• These nucleotides come together by base pairing with the nitrogen bases

• Adenine to Thymine with a hydrogen bond

• Guanine to Cytosine with a hydrogen bond

Page 4: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a
Page 5: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

DNA’s Function

• Holds the genetic information of the organism, that allows the Ribosomes to make protein specifically for that organism.

• ½ from mom, ½ from dad.

Page 6: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a
Page 7: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

What about mRNA?

• RNA is a disposable copy of DNA used to make proteins

• Why is it called RNA and not DNA? It has a different sugar called Ribose instead of Deoxyribose

Page 8: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

Differences in DNA & mRNA

• 1- sugar is ribose not deoxyribose

• 2- RNA is single-stranded

• 3- RNA has a nitrogen base of Uracil not Thymine.

• What would Uracil bond to then?

Page 9: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

So What?

• Why do we care about base pairs?

• Well, for every 3 bases it codes for a certain protein to be made.

Page 10: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a
Page 11: DNA DNA→RNA→Protein. Nucleotides Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: –A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a

Mutations

• http://io9.com/10-unusual-genetic-mutations-in-humans-470843733