distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

31
International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248- 938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013) 31 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NUMBER OF TIMES M/M/2/N QUEUING SYSTEM WITH HETEROGENEOUS SERVERS REACHES ITS CAPACITY IN TIME T SUBJECT TO CATASTROPHES AND RESTORATIONS Dhanesh Garg Lecturer, School Of Mathematics and Computer Applications, Thapar University, Patiala-147004, Punjab, India ABSTRACT In this paper, we study the distribution of the number of times that a limited capacity two heterogeneous servers Markovian queue subject to catastrophes and restorations reaches its capacity in time t. The occurrence of a catastrophe makes the system empty instantly but the system takes its own time to be ready to accept new customers, this time is referred to as ‘restoration time’. The afore said distribution is obtained as a marginal distribution of the joint distribution of the number of customers in the system at time t and the number of times system reaches its capacity in time t under the conditions of catastrophes and restorations. Some measures of effectiveness are obtained explicitly with catastrophic and restoration effects. Keywords: Catastrophes, Heterogeneous servers, Markovian queue, Restoration, Finite capacity. 1. INTRODUCTION In the last one decade a lot of work has been done by various authors taking into consideration the concept of catastrophe B.K. Kumar et. al. [1] obtained the transient solution of an M/M/2 queue with heterogeneous servers subject to catastrophes. DI Crescenzo et. al. [3] made a continuous approximation of M/M/1 queue with catastrophe. In all the above mentioned studies the researchers have obtained the state probabilities in one way or the other and have computed various measures of performance. In this paper, the occurrence of a catastrophe makes the system empty instantly whenever the system is not empty but the system takes its own time to ready to accept new customers, this time is referred to as ‘the restoration time’. The system subjected to catastrophes must take some time for its restoration after the occurrence of a catastrophe. We have obtained explicitly the distribution of the IJMRD © PRJ PUBLICATION International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248 – 938X (Print) ISSN 2248 – 9398(Online), Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013), pp. 31-61 © PRJ Publication, http://www.prjpublication.com/IJMRD.asp

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Page 1: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

31

DISTRIBUTION OF THE NUMBER OF TIMES M/M/2/N

QUEUING SYSTEM WITH HETEROGENEOUS SERVERS REACHES

ITS CAPACITY IN TIME T SUBJECT TO CATASTROPHES AND

RESTORATIONS

Dhanesh Garg

Lecturer, School Of Mathematics and Computer Applications,

Thapar University, Patiala-147004, Punjab, India

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we study the distribution of the number of times that a limited capacity

two heterogeneous servers Markovian queue subject to catastrophes and restorations reaches

its capacity in time t. The occurrence of a catastrophe makes the system empty instantly but

the system takes its own time to be ready to accept new customers, this time is referred to as

‘restoration time’. The afore said distribution is obtained as a marginal distribution of the

joint distribution of the number of customers in the system at time t and the number of times

system reaches its capacity in time t under the conditions of catastrophes and restorations.

Some measures of effectiveness are obtained explicitly with catastrophic and restoration

effects.

Keywords: Catastrophes, Heterogeneous servers, Markovian queue, Restoration, Finite

capacity.

1. INTRODUCTION

In the last one decade a lot of work has been done by various authors taking into

consideration the concept of catastrophe B.K. Kumar et. al. [1] obtained the transient solution

of an M/M/2 queue with heterogeneous servers subject to catastrophes. DI Crescenzo et. al.

[3] made a continuous approximation of M/M/1 queue with catastrophe. In all the above

mentioned studies the researchers have obtained the state probabilities in one way or the other

and have computed various measures of performance. In this paper, the occurrence of a

catastrophe makes the system empty instantly whenever the system is not empty but the

system takes its own time to ready to accept new customers, this time is referred to as ‘the

restoration time’. The system subjected to catastrophes must take some time for its restoration

after the occurrence of a catastrophe. We have obtained explicitly the distribution of the

IJMRD

© PRJ

PUBLICATION

International Journal of Management Research and

Development (IJMRD)

ISSN 2248 – 938X (Print)

ISSN 2248 – 9398(Online),

Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013), pp. 31-61

© PRJ Publication, http://www.prjpublication.com/IJMRD.asp

Page 2: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

32

number of times the system reaches its capacity in time t under the effects of catastrophe and

restoration. Various other measures of performance have also been obtained explicitly.

2. MODEL DESCRIPTION

We consider an M/M/2/N queueing system having two heterogeneous servers with

FCFS discipline subject to catastrophes and restorations. The customers arrive at a counter in

accordance with a Poisson process with mean arrival rate λ>0. This model is based on the

following assumptions:-

1. There are two servers: server 1, the fast server and server 2, the slow server. The

service times are exponentially distributed with mean service rates µ1 and µ2

respectively and µ1>µ2.

2. If the system is empty, a customer joins the fastest server with probability p and the

slow with probability 1-p.

3. Each customer is served only at one server.

4. When the system is not empty, the catastrophes occur according to Poisson process

with mean rateξ .The occurrence of a catastrophe destroys all the customers in the

instants and affects the system as well. The system will require some sort of time to

restarts in a normal way, which is taken as restoration time. The restoration times are

independently, identically exponentially distributed with parameter β>0. The

customers arrive in the system during the restoration time as usual.

We define

m, nP (t) = Prob. [X(t) = m, Y(t) = n], 2 n N ≤ ≤ (1)

Where

X (t) = the number of times the system reaches its capacity in time t.

Y (t) = the number of customers in the system at time t.

,0 ( )mP t = the prob. that the system is empty at time t.

,00 ( )mP t = The prob. that there are zero customers in the system at time t without the

occurrence of

Catastrophe.

,00 ( )mQ t = The prob. that there are zero customers in the system at time t with the occurrence

of

catastrophe destroying all the customers.

,1,0 ( )mP t = the probability that there is one customer in the system and he is served by server 1.

,0,1( )mP t = the probability that there is one customer in the system and he is served by server 2.

The marginal probabilities are

., ,

0

( ) ( )n m n

m

P t P t∞

=

= ∑ And ,. ,

0

( ) ( )N

m m n

n

P t P t=

= ∑

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

33

3. DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS GOVERNING THE SYSTEM

,00 ,00 1 ,1,0 2 ,0,1 ,00( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 0, 0m m m m m

dP t P t P t P t Q t n m

dtλ µ µ β= − + + + = ≥ (2)

,00 ,00 ,

1

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 0, 0N

m m m n

n

dQ t Q t P t n m

dtλ β ξ

=

= − + + = ≥∑ (3)

,1,0 1 ,1,0 ,0 2 ,2( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 1, 0

m m m m

dP t P t pP t P t n m

dtλ µ ξ λ µ= − + + + + = ≥ (4)

,0,1 2 ,0,1 ,0 1 ,2( ) ( ) ( ) (1 ) ( ) ( ) ; 1, 0m m m m

dP t P t p P t P t n m

dtλ µ ξ λ µ= − + + + − + = ≥ (5)

, 1 2 , , 1 1 2 , 1( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ;2 1, 0

m n m n m n m n

dP t P t P t P t n N m

dtλ µ µ ξ λ µ µ− += − + + + + + + ≤ ≤ − ≥

(6)

, 1 2 , 1, 1( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; , 1m N m N m N

dP t P t P t n N m

dtµ µ ξ λ − −= − + + + = ≥ (7)

0,( ) 0

N

dP t

dt=

Taking Laplace transform of the equations (2)-(7) w.r.t. t we have

0,00 0,00 0,1,0 0,0,11 2 0,00( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 0s P s P s P s P s Q s mλ µ µ β

− − − − −

= − + + + + = (8)

0,. 0,000,00 0,00( ) ( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )], 0sQ s Q s P s P s mλ β ξ

− − − −

= − + + − = (9)

,00 ,00 ,1,0 ,0,11 2 ,00( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), 1m m m m m

s P s P s P s P s Q s mλ µ µ β− − − − −

= − + + + ≥ (10)

,. ,00,00 ,00( ) ( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )], 1m mm m

sQ s Q s P s P s mλ β ξ− − − −

= − + + − ≥ (11)

,1,0 ,1,0 ,0 ,21 2( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), 1m m m ms P s P s p P s P s nλ µ ξ λ µ− − − −

= − + + + + = (12)

,0,1 ,0,1 ,0 ,22 1( ) ( ) ( ) (1 ) ( ) ( )m m m ms P s P s p P s P sλ µ ξ λ µ− − − −

= − + + + − + (13)

, , 1 , 11 2 1 2( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 2,3,..., 1m n m n m ns P s P s P s n Nλ µ µ ξ λ µ µ− − −

− ++ + + + = + + = − (14)

, 1, 11 2( ) ( ) ( ) ; , 1m N m Ns P s P s n N mµ µ ξ λ− −

− −+ + + = = ≥ (15)

0, ( ) 0Ns P s−

=

Since 0,00P (0) = 1

Where

, ,

0

( ) ( )st

m n m nP s e P t dt

∞−−= ∫

Define the probability generating functions by

,

0

( , ) ( )m

n m n

m

P x s P s x∞− −

=

=∑ (16)

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

34

0

2

0 0 1,0 0,1

( , ; ) ( , ) ( , )

( , ) ( , ) ( , ) ( , )

Nn

n

n

H x y s R x s P x s y

R x s P x s P x s P x s

− − −

=

− − − −

= +

= + +

∑ (17)

. ,.

0

( , ) ( )m

m

m

P x s P s x∞− −

=

=∑ (18)

Multiplying equation (8) to (15) by xm

, summing over the ranges of m and using (16), we

have

0 1,0 0,1 .1 2( ) ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) 1, 0s P x s P x s P x s P x s nλ ξ µ µ ξ− − − −

+ + = + + + = (19)

1,0 0 21 2( ) ( , ) ( , ) ( , )s P x s p P x s P x sλ µ ξ λ µ− − −

+ + + = + (20)

0,1 0 22 1( ) ( , ) (1 ) ( , ) ( , )s P x s p P x s P x sλ µ ξ λ µ− − −

+ + + = − + (21)

1 11 2 1 2( ) ( , ) ( , ) ( ) ( , ), 2 1n n ns P x s P x s P x s n Nλ µ µ ξ λ µ µ− − −

− ++ + + + = + + ≤ ≤ − (22)

11 2( ) ( , ) ( , )N Ns P x s x P x sµ µ ξ λ −

− −+ + + = (23)

Using (19) to (21), we get

01 1 2 211,0 2 1 2

111

[( )( ) { ( ) }] ( , )( , ) [ {2( ) }]

( ){( ) ( 1) ( , )}N

s s p P x sP x s s

s s s x P x s

λ ξ µ λ ξ λ µ µ µµ λ ξ µ µ

µ λ ξ ξ λξ

−−

−−

+ + + + + − + − = + + + +

− + + + + + −

(24)

02 1 2 210,1 1 1 2

112

[( )( ) { ( ) }] ( , )( , ) [ {2( ) }]

( ){( ) ( 1) ( , )}N

s s p P x sP x s s

s s s x P x s

λ ξ µ λ ξ λ µ µ µµ λ ξ µ µ

µ λ ξ ξ λξ

−−

−−

+ + + + + + + − = + + + +

− + + + + + −

(25)

Multiplying equation (22) to (23) by yn, summing over the ranges of n and using (17), we

have on simplification

1

2

( , ; )D

H x y sD

=

(26)

Where

1 20 1,0 0,11 1 2

1 12 1

1 2

[1 ] (1 )( ) ( , ) (1 )[ ( , ) ( , )]

(1 )(1 ) ( , ) ( 1) ( 1) ( , )N

N

D y s y y R x s y y P x s P x s

x yy y P x s s y x y x P x s

s

ξ λ µ µ λ

λλ ξ

µ µ ξ

− − −−

− −− +

= + + − − − − − + +

−− + − + − +

+ + +

2 1 2[( ) (1 )( ( ))]D s y y yξ λ µ µ= + + − − +

1

1 2

(1 )( , ) ( , )N N

x yP x s P x s

s

λ

µ µ ξ

− −

−−

=+ + +

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

35

2

1 2 1 2 1 2( ) ( ) 4 ( )( ) , 1,2.

2i

s ss i

λ µ µ ξ λ µ µ ξ λ µ µα

λ

+ + + + ± + + + + − × += =

The existence of ( , ; )H x y s−

is only possible if numerator vanishes for α1 and α2 the two zeros

of the denominators. This will give rise two equations, solving them we have;

10

( , )( , )

( , )

E x sP x s

E x s

−−

−= (27)

21

(., )( , )

( , )

N

E sP x s

E x s

−−

− −=

(28)

Where

[ ]2 1

1 1 2 1 1 1

2 1 4

1 2 1 2 1 2

2 2 2 21 2 1 2 1 1 1

( ) [ ( )] { ( 1) ( )} ( ) ( ) ( 1)

[ ( )] [ { ( 1) ( 2)} ( ){ ( 1) ( )}]

( , ) [ ( 1)( ) [ ][ ( )]] (

s A x s s A s T N s T N

A A x s s T N T N T N T N

E x s s x s A A s A

λ ξ γ µ µ ξ λ µ ξ µ λ ξ

λ µ µ ξ λγ µ µ

λξ ξ µ µ λγ γ µ λ ξ λγ

− −

− −

−− − − −

+ + + + − − + + + + + + −

+ + + + − − − + + + − +

= − + + − − + + + + 2

1 2

2 2 2

1 2 1 1

2

1 2 1 2

1)[

( )( )] ( 1) ( 1) [ (2){ ( ) ( )}]

(2)( )

x s

s s T N x A s V A s s s

A A V

µ µ

ξ µ λ ξ λξ λγ ξ µ λ ξ

λγ µ µ

− − −

− + + + + + + − + − + + + + + + +

1

1

1 1

2 2

1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2

1 2 22 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2

1 2 2 1 2 2

[( ){ ( )} ( )][ (1){ ( ) ( )} (2)]

(., ) [( )( ) ][ (1){ ( )} (2) ( )]

( )[ (1){ ( )} (2){ } (3)

s A s A V B B B B V

E s s s s A V B B B V B A

V B B V B B V B

ξ µ λ ξ µ µ γ λ µ µ λγ

ξ µ λ ξ λ γ λγ µ µ µ µ

µ µ µ µ λ λ

− −

−− − −

+ − + + + − + + − + −

= + + + + + + − + + − + +

+ − + + − − − 2 ]

1

1 1

1

1 4 2

2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2

2 2

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2

2 1 6

1 1 2 1 2 2

( 1) [{ ( )}{ (1) ( ) (2) (1){ ( )}}

{ ( ) ( )}{ ( ) (1) (2) { }}] [ ( 1)

( , ) ( ) ][( ) ( 1)

x s A s B V B V V B B

A A s B V B V B B x

E x s A A x s B V N B

λξ λ µ λ ξ λγ µ µ γ µ µ

µ µ µ λ ξ µ µ λγ γ λ λ

λ µ µ ξ µ µ λγ

− − −

− −

−− −

− + + + + + + − + +

+ − + − + + + + + − + + −

= + + + + + + −1

1

1 1

2

2 2 1 2

4 2 1 6 2

2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2

4

2 1 2 2

( 2) ( ){ ( )}

( 1){ }] ( ) [( ) ( 2) ( 1)

( 1){ ( )} ( ){ }]

V N V N B B

V N B B A x s B V N B V N

V N B B V N B B

γ µ µ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ µ µ λγ γ

µ µ γ λ

− − − −

− − + + + − + − + + + + + − − −

+ + + + +

[ ]1

1

1 2 1 2

2 2

2 1 2 1 2

2

1 2 1 2

2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1

( ) ( )

[( )( ) ]

[( ){( ) ( ) } ( )]

[( ) ( ){ ( )} ( )]

A s s

A s

B s s s p p s

B s A p

µ µ µ λ ξ µ λ ξ

µ µ λ ξ µ µ

µ λ ξ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ µ λ ξ

λ ξ µ µ µ µ λ µ µ λµ µ µ

= + + + + + + +

= + + + + +

= + + + + + + + + − + + +

= + + + + + − − −

21 2

1 2 ( )sayµ µ

α α γλ

−+

= = , 2( ) ( 1) ( )T n V n V nγ −= + −

and

1 2( ) ( ) ( ), 0,1,2,3,...r rV r s s rα α= − =

If we write

2 1 2[( )( )]D y yλ α α= − − −

(26) yields

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

36

1 111 2

0 01 2(1)

n n

n n

D y y

Vα α

λ α α

∞ ∞− −

= =

∑ ∑ , 2

1y

α<

(29)

Now ( , )nP x s−

is the coefficient of yn in (17). Comparing the coefficients of y

n on both sides

of (29), we have: 2

10 11 2 3

( , ) ( , ) ( , )(1)

n

n NP x s s F F P x s F P x sV

γ

λ

− − −−

= + + (30)

Where 2 2

1 1 1 2 1 2[( ){ ( 1)( ) ( )} { ( )( ) ( 2)}]F s T n s AV n A T n T nξ λ µ ξ γ µ µ λγ −= + − + + + − − + + −

2

1 2 1 2

2 2

2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2

2 2 1

( 1)[( ){( ) ( ) } ( )]

[ ( )( ) ( 2)][( ) ( ){ ( ) }

( )]

T n s s s p p s

F T n T n s A p

λ µ ξ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ λ µ ξ

γ µ µ λγ λ ξ µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

λµ µ µ

− + + + + + + + + − + + +

= + + + − + + + + − + − −

1 2 2

3 1 1 2 2( 1)[ ( 1)( ) { ( )( ) ( 2) ( )} ]F s x T n s T n T n V n Aλξ λ µ ξ γ µ µ λγ− − = − − + + + − + + − +

Since 0 ( , )P x s−

and 1( , )NP x s−

− are given by (27) and (28), so ( , )nP x s−

are explicitly known.

For setting x=0 in (30) gives

[ ]2

0, 1 6 2 3 7 4 52

6

( ) { }(1)

n

nP s sZ Z Z Z Z Z Zs Z V

γλξ

λ

= + − −

(31)

Where 2 2

1 1 1 2 1 2

2 2

1 2 1 2 1 2

2 2

2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1

( ){ ( 1)( ) ( )} { ( )( ) ( 2)}

( 1)[( ){( ) ( ) } ( )] [ ( )( )

( 2)][( ) ( ){ ( )} ( )]

Z s T n s AV n A T n T n

T n s s s p p s T nZ

T n s A p

ξ µ λ ξ γ µ µ λγ

µ λ ξ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ µ λ ξ γ µ µ

λγ λ ξ µ µ µ µ λ µ µ λµ µ µ

= + − + + + − − + + −

− + + + + + + + + − + + + + + +=

− + + + + + − − −2 2

3 1 2 1 1

2 2

4 1 1 2 2

2 2

1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2

5 2 1

( )[ ][ ( )]

( 1)( ) { ( )( ) ( 2) ( )}

[( ){ ( )} ( )][ (1){ ( ) ( )} (2)]

[ ( )(

Z s A s

Z T n s T n T n V n A

s A s A V B B B B V

Z A s s

λξ ξ µ µ λγ γ µ λ ξ

µ λ ξ γ µ µ λγ

ξ µ λ ξ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ γ

λ ξ µ λ

− −

− −

= − + + − − + + +

= − + + + − + + − +

+ − + + + − + + − + − +

= + + + + + 2 2

1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2

1 2 1 2 1 2 2

4 2

2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

1

6 1 2

)][ (1) {( ( )} ( ) (2)] ( )

[ (1){ ( )} (2){ } (3)]

[ ( )][ (1) ( ) (2) (1){ ( )}] [

[ ] ( )

V B B B B V A

V B B V B B B V

A s B V B V V B B A A

Z s

ξ γ λγ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ µ λ λ

λ µ λ ξ λγ µ µ γ µ µ

λξ µ µ

− −

− −

− + + − + + + − + + − + −

+ + + + + + − + + + −

= − + −

1

2 2 4

1 1 2 2 2 1 2

6 2

1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2

2 2 2

7 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2

( )][( ) (1) (2) { } ( 1)

{ } [ {( ) ( 1) ( 2)} ( ){ ( )}]

[( )( ) ( )] ( 1) ( ) (2)

s B V B V B B V N

B B A B V N B V N V N B B

Z A s s s T N A A V

µ λ ξ µ µ λγ γ λ γ

λ λ µ µ λγ γ µ µ

λγ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ λγ µ µ

− − −

− −

− −

+ + + + + − + + − + + − + + − − − + +

= − + + + + + + − + +

Applying the Leibniz differentiation theorem to (24) to (25) and (27), setting x=0 and

dividing both sides by m! We have

8,1,0

9

( ) , 1m

ZP s m

Z

= ≥ (32)

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

37

10,0,1

11

( ) , 1m

ZP s m

Z

= ≥ (33)

12,0

13

( ) , 1m

ZP s m

Z

= ≥ (34)

Where

2 2

1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2

2 2 6 2

2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2

2

1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1

8

[ {( ) } (2) [ ( ) ( )( )( )] ( 1) ( )

( ) [2 2 {( ) } ( 1) ( 2) ( )

{ ( ) }]][ ( ) { ( 2) ( 1)}

s p A A V s s s T N s s

s A A A A A p B V N V N B V N

B B A B V N V N A AZ

λ µ µ µ λξ λ µ ξ ξ µ µ λ µ ξ ξ

λ µ ξ λµ λ µ µ µ λγ γ

µ µ λ µ µ

− −

+ − − + + + + + + + + + − + +

+ + + + + + − + − − −

+ + + + − + +=

2 4

2 1 1 2

1 4 4

2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1

4 2 6

2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

2

{ ( 1) ( )} { }

{ ( 1) ( 2)} ( )( ){ ( )( 1) ( 1)}][2 {{( ) }

}{ ( 1) ( 2)} { } ( ) ( ) { ( 1) ( )} 2 {( ) ( 2)

B V N V N B B

T N T N s s T N A T N A A p B

B T N T N B B V N p T N T N A B V N

B

γ γ λ

λ γ ξ λ µ ξ λ λ γ µ µ µ

γ λ µ µ λ µ µ λγ

− − −

− −

+ − + +

− − − + + + + + − − − + −

+ − − − + + + + − − − + + −2 2 ( 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2 2( 1) ( 1)} (2){ ( ) {( ) }}]m

V N V N B A A V A s pγ λξ ξ λ µ µ µ− −

− − + + + + + − 2

2 2 2 ( 1) 1 6

1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2

2 4

9 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2

2 2

1 2

[ ( ) ][ ( ) {2( ) }][2 [( ) ( 1) ( 2)

( ){ ( ) } ( 1){ } { ( ) ( )}{( ) (1)

(2) { }}] [

m m m ms s s s A B V N V N B

Z V N B B V N B B A A s B V B

V B B

γ µ µ ξ λξ µ λ ξ µ µ λ µ µ λγ

γ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ µ ξ µ µ λ

γ γ λ λ

+ − + + −

− −

− −

+ + + + + + + + + − −

= − + + − − + − − + − + + + + +

− + − 4 2 1

2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2( )][ (1) (2)( ) (1){ ( ) }]]m

A s B V B V V B Bλ µ ξ γ λ µ µ γ µ µ− − +

+ + + + + + − + +

2

1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1

2 2 6 2

1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1

2 2

1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1

10

[ ( ) (2) { ( ) ( )( )( )}] ( 1) ( )

( ) [2 2 {( ) ( 1) ( 2) ( ){

( ) }}][ ( ) { ( 2) ( 1)} {

s pA A V s s s T N s s

s A A A A A pB V N V N B V N B

B A B V N V N A A BZ

λ µ µ λξ λ µ ξ ξ µ µ λ µ ξ ξ

λ µ ξ λ µ λ µ µ λγ γ

µ µ λ µ µ γ

− −

+ − + + + + + + + + + − + +

+ + + + + + + − − − +

+ + + − + +=

4

1 2

1 4 4

2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2

4 2

1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

6 2

2

( 1) ( )} { }

{ ( 1) ( 2)} ( )( ){ ( )( 1) ( 1)}][2 {( ) }

{ ( 1) ( 2)} { } ( ) ( ) { ( 1) ( )} 2 {( ) ( 2)

( 1)

V N V N B B

T N T N s s T N A T N A A pB B

T N T N B B V N p T N T N A B V N

B V N V

γ λ

λ γ ξ λ µ ξ λ λ γ µ µ

γ λ µ µ λ µ µ

λγ γ

− − −

− −

+ − + +

− − − + + + + + − − − + +

− − − + + + + − − − + +

− − − 2 ( 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2 2( 1)} (2){ ( ) {( ) }}] mN B A A V A s pλξ ξ λ µ µ µ −

+ + + + + − 2

2 2 2 ( 1) 1 6

1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

2 4

11 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2

2 2

1 2

[ ( ) ][ ( ) {2( ) }][2 [( ) ( 1) ( 2)

( ){ ( ) } ( 1){ } { ( ) ( )}{( ) (1)

(2) { }}] [

m m m ms s s s A B V N V N B

Z V N B B V N B B A A s B V B

V B B

γ µ µ ξ λξ µ λ ξ µ µ λ µ µ λγ

γ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ µ ξ µ µ λ

γ γ λ

+ − + + −

− −

− −

+ + + + + + + + + − −

= − + + − − + − − + − + + + + +

− + − 4 2 1

2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2( )][ (1) (2)( ) (1){ ( ) }]]mA s B V B V V B Bλ λ µ ξ γ λ µ µ γ µ µ− − +

+ + + + + + − + + 2

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2

6 2 2 2

2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2

2 2 4

12 1 2 1 1 2 2

(2)( ) [( )( ) ( )] ( 1) [2 2 {( ) ( 1)

( 2) ( ){ ( ) }}][2 (1) ( ) ( ) {2( )( )}

( 1) ( 2)][2 { ( )

A A V A s s T N A A B V N

B V N V N B B V T N s

Z T N V N A A B B

µ µ ξ λ µ ξ µ µ λ λ µ µ

λγ γ µ µ λγ µ µ γ µ µ λ ξ

λ γ λ γ µ µ

− −

+ − + + + + + + − + + + +

− − − + + + + + + + +

= − − + + +1 2

4 2 6 2

1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1

2 ( 1)

1 2

}{ ( 1) ( 2)} ( ){ ( 1) ( )}

( ){ } 2 {( ) ( 2) ( 1) ( 1)} (2){ ( )

( )}] m

T N T N T N T N

V N B B A B V N B V N V N B A A V A s

µ µ

γ λ λ µ µ λγ γ λξ ξ

λ µ µ

− − −

− − − + + − − + + − + + − − − + + + + +

2

2 2 ( 1) 1 6 2

1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2

4 2 2

13 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2

4

2 1

[ ( ) ][ ( ) ][2 [( ) ( 1) ( 2) ( ){ ( ) }

( 1){ } { ( ) ( )}{( ) (1) (2) { }}]

[ ( )][

m m m ms s s A B V N V N B V N B B

Z V N B B A A s B V B V B B

A s

γ µ µ ξ λξ λ µ µ λγ γ µ µ

γ λ µ µ λ µ ξ µ µ λ γ γ λ

λ λ µ ξ γ

+ − + + − −

− − −

+ + + + + − − − + +

= − − + − − + − + + + + + − + −

+ + + + 2 1

2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2(1) (2)( ) (1){ ( ) }]]mB V B V V B Bλ µ µ γ µ µ− +

+ + − + +

Now 2

, ,014( ) ( )(1)

n

m n mP s Z P sV

γ

λ

− − =

(35)

Where 1 2 2

1 1 2 1 2 1

2 2 2

14 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

2 1 1 2 2 2 1

[( ){ ( 1)( ) ( )} { ( )( ) ( 2)}] [ ( 1){( )

{( ) ( ) } ( )} [ ( )( ) ( 2)][( ) ( )

{ ( ) } ( )]]

s s T n s AV n A T n T n T n s

Z s s p p s T n T n s

p

ξ λ µ ξ γ µ µ λγ λ µ ξ

λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ λ µ ξ γ µ µ λγ λ ξ µ µ

λ µ µ µ µ λµ µ µ

− −

+ − + + + − − + + − + − + + +

= + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + +

− + − −

Using (10) and (11), we have

,

,0 0,00

[ ( )]( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )

N

m n

m nm

P ss P s

P ss s

ξλ β

λ β ξ λ β ξ

−−

−=+ +

= −+ + − + + −

∑ (36)

Page 8: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

38

,

,00,00

[ ( )]( )

( )( ) ( )

N

m n

mnm

P sP s

Q ss s

ξξ

λ β ξ λ β ξ

−−

−== −

+ + − + + −

(37)

We know that

( ) ( )

( )

0 0

0

( 1) 1

-j 1

(1 / ) , ( ) ( ) ( ) , ( ) ( 1)

and (1-a)

j

i i

k

i

j j i j j j j i j j i i

i ii

j k k

k

a b

a

aC a b a a b b a b a b C a b

b

C

= =

=

− + + + −

+ −

− = + = + + + − = −

=

∑ ∑

Using these Identities in (31) to (37), we have

[

11 ( 1 2) 2( 1)

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1 ( 1) ( 1

1 2 2 1 1 2

0,

1( 1)

1

{2( ) ( ) }[ {

( )

j j ll hl h p q j l h p q j k h l

j l k h r p q

g j h l n g j h l n

n

j l j l r h j l

l h r p q

p R R

P s

λ γ

µ µ λ µ µ µ µ γ

+ −∞ ∞ ∞+ + + − + − + + + − + + − +

= = = = = = =

− − + + − − − − + + − + +

+ + + − −

+ + − + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑) 2 ( 1)

( 1) 2( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( )

1 2

( 2) 2 2

2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2

2

1

} {

}] ( ) ( ) [ {

}] [ { ( ) ( )( )( ) (1 )

(

}]

g j h l n

g j h l n l h k h l j k l h p g j h l k g j h l k

g j h l k

R

R s p R R

R p p

p

γ

µ µ γ λ ξ γ

λ ξ µ µ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ λµ µ µ λ

λµ

− − + + − − +

− + + − + + + − + + + − + − + − − + + + + + − + + + +

− + + + + +

− + + + + −

− + − + + + + + + − − +

1( 1) ( 2) 2( ) ( 1)

0 0 0 0 0

( 1) 1 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

(

1) 2 [{

} { }] ( ) [{

j ll h j j k h l j k h l g j h l n

j l k h r

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n k l g j h l n

g j h

j l l j l rR

l h r

R R R s R

R

λ γ

γ λ ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞+ − + − + + − + − + + − − + + − − −

= = = = =

− + + − + + − − + + − − − + + − + − − − + + − −

− + +

+ + +

− − − + + + −

∑∑∑∑∑

) 1 ( 1) ( 1)

23 2( 1)

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

0

2 2 (2 2) 2 2 1

1 2

} { }]

( )[( )( ) {2( ) ( )}]( ) {

(2 ) [( ) ] } (2 ) [(

l n g j h l n g j h l n

Ni

i

i N i N i i N

R R

s

s s

γ

ξ µ µ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ λ ξ µ µ λ µ ξ γ

λ λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ λ µ

− + − − + + − − + − + + − + −

−− − +

=

− + − − + − − +

− −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + − + +

∑1

(2 1)

1 2

0

2 1 2

1 2 1 2 2 1

2 12( 1) 2 2 (2 2) 2( ) 2 1

1 2

0 0

(2

1 2

) ]

[ {( )( )( )} ( ) (1 ) ( )]

{ (2 ) [( ) ] } 3{ (2 )

[( ) ]

Ni N

i

n nn i i n i n n i i n

i i

i

p p

s

s

µ ξ ν

γ λ λ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λ µ λ ξ µ µ λ λ ξ µ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν

−− − +

=

− −

− −− − − + − − + − − +

= =

− −

+ + +

+ − + + + + + − + + − − + +

+ + + + + −

+ + + + +

∑ ∑2

1) 2( 1) 2 2 (2 2)

1 2

0

1 222( 1) ( 2) ( 2)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

} { (2 ) [( ) ] }

2( 1) [{ }] ( 1)

2 1

Nn i i N i N

i

j jNl i j k i g j l i N g j l i N l

j l k i j l k

s

j l NR R

l i

j j k

l k

γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

γ

−+ − + − + − − +

=

+ +∞ ∞ + ∞ ∞+ − + + + − + + + − + − + + + − −

= = = = = = =

+ + + + + + +

+ + − − + −

+ + +

∑∑∑∑ ∑∑∑1

(2 1) ( ) ( 3) 2 2 1 (2 1)

1 2

0

[{ }] (2 ) [( ) ]N

j l g j i g j i i N i N

i

R R sγ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν−

− − − − + + − + + − − + − − +

=

− − + + + + +

(38)

Page 9: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

39

1 11

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

2 2( 1) ( 1 2) ( 1) (

1 2 1 2 1 2

,1,0

1 1 1( 1)

1

[ ( ) ] 2 ( ) {

( )

j l h mi l h p

j l k h r p i

j k l m j k l j k p mi l k p

m

j m j l j l r h m

j l h r p i

p s R

P s

λ µ µ µµ γ µ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −++ +

= = = = = = =

+ + − + + −+ − + + + − −++ + −

+ + + + + − −

+ + + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑1 1)

( 1 2) 2 ( 1) ( 1) 2 6

1 2 1 2

( 1 ) ( 1 )

2 2 1 2

2

1 2

} { } (2 ) [ ( ) (1 )

{( )( ) }][ ] [ ( )

{( )

g j h i p

g j h i p g j h i l n g j h i l n j i k

g j h i p l n g j h i p l n

R R R p

p R R p

p

γ λ γ λµ µ λ µµ

µ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ λξ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ

+ + ++ +

− + + ++ + − − + + +−− + − + + +−− − ++ + −

− + + ++ −− − + + ++ −+

+ − − + + −

+ + + + − − + + + +

+ −1 1

2 1 2 2 2 1 2

0 0 0 0

1 ( ) (2 1) ( ) ( 1) ( 1)

1 1 2

2

1 2 2

} (1 ) {( )( ) }] ( 1)

1( ) [ ]

[( ) ](

j i mi l

j l k i

mi l k m j i mi l g j l n g j l n

p p

j i l m j ks R R

l i k

p

µ µµ λ µ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µµ

λ µ γ µ µ ξ

λξ µ µ µ

++∞ ∞ −+

= = = =

−+ − + − + −− − −+ − + ++ − − + +− +

+ − + + + + − −

+ + − + + + + −

+ + −

∑∑∑∑

1 23 ( 1) ( 1)

2

0 0 0 0

2 2( ) 2 [2( ) 2] ( )

1 2 2 1 2 1

( 1) (

) [ ] ( 1)

[ [( ) ] (2 ) [( ) ] ( )

[

j Ng j l k n g j l k n l

j l k i

l i j k i N j k i N j l i

g j k l n g j k

j ls R R

l

p s s

R R

λ µ ξ

λ µ µ µ λ λ µ µ ξ ν λ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ +− − + ++ − − − + ++ − +

= = = =

+ + + − − − + + − − − −+

− + + −− − − + + −

+ + + + − − −

+ − + + + + + + + + +

∑∑∑∑

11) 3 2( ) 2 1

1 2 2 1

0

(2 1) 3

1 2 1 2 1 2 2

2( ) (

1 2 2

] [ [( ) ]( ) [ (2 )

[( ) ] ] [2( )( ) ( )

1[( ) ]] ( 1) ( )

nl n n i i n

i

i n

l h j k r k h

p s

s p

j l m j lp s

l j h

λξ µ µ µ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λ µµ λ ξ µ λ

µ µ µ γ λ ξ

−+ − − − + +

=

− + +

+ − + + − +

+ + − + + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + − − + +

[

1)

0 0 0 0 0

( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1) 3

1 2 2

2( 2) 2 1 (2 1) 2( 1) 2 2

1 2 1 2

[{ } { }] ( ) [ [( ) ]]

(2 ) [( ) ] (2 ) [(

j ll

j l k h r

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

i i N i N i i N

R R R R s p

s s

γ λξ ξ λ µ µ µ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ λ µ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞−

= = = = =

− + + −− − + + −+ − − + + −− + − + + −+ + −

− + − − − − − − + − +

− − − + + + −

+ + + + + + + + + +

∑∑∑∑∑

1 2(2 2)

0 0

) ] ]N N

i N

i i

ν+ −

− − +

= =

+

∑ ∑

(39)

Page 10: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

40

1 1

1

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

2( 1) ( 1 1) ( 1)

1 2 1 2 1 2

(

,0,1

1 1 1( 1)

1

[ ( ) ] 2 ( )

{

( )

j l h mi l h p

j l k h r p i

j k l m j k r l j k p m i l k p

m

j m j l j l r h m

j l h r p i

s

R

P s

λ µ µ µ µ γ µ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ + +

= = = = = = =

+ + − + + + − + − + + + − − + + +

+ + + + + − −

+ + + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 1) 2 ( 1 2) ( 1) ( 1)

2 4

1 2 1 2 1 1 1

( 1 ) ( 1 )

2 1 2

2

} { }

(2 ) [ ( ) (1 ) {( )( ) }]

[ ] [ ( ) (1 )

{

g j h i p g j h i p g j h i l n g j h i l n

i k

g j h i p l n g j h i p l n

R R R

p p

R R p p

γ

λ γ λ µ µ µ µ µ λ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ

λξ λ ξ µ µ µ λ

µ

+ + + + + − − + + + + + − + + + − − − − + + + − − +

+ + −

− + + + + − − − + + + + − +

− + −

− + + − + + + + −

− + + + + − +1 1

2 2

0 0 0 0

1 ( ) (2 1) ( ) ( 1) ( 1)

2 1 2

3 ( 1)

1

1 1( )( ) (1 ) }] ( 1)

( ) [ ]

( ) [

j i mi l

j l k i

m i l k m j i m i l g j l n g j l n

g j l k n

j i mp

l i

j i ks R R

k

s R R

λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ

λ µ γ µ µ ξ

ξ λ µ ξ

+ +∞ ∞ −+

= = = =

− + − + − + − − − − + − + + + − − + + − +

− − + + + − −

+ + − + + + − − −

+ + + + + −

+ + + + −

∑∑∑∑

1 1( 1)

0 0 0 0

( 1) 2

1 2

2( ) 1 [2( ) 1] ( )

1 2 1

( 1) (

1] ( 1)

1[ [( ) ]

(2 ) [( ) ] ( )

[

j Ng j l k n i l

j l k i

j k i l i

j k i N j k i N j l k

g j k l n g j k

j

l

N N jp

i j

s s

R R

γ λ µ µ

λ λ µ µ ξ ν λ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ −− + + + + − +

= = = =

− + + + +

+ + − + − + + − + − − +

− + + − − − − + +

+ − −

− + +

+ + + + + + + + +

∑∑∑∑

11) 1 2( ) 2 1

1 2

0

(2 1)

1 2 1 2 1 2

12( )

2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0

( )

] [ [( ) ] (2 )

[( ) ] ] [2( )( )

{(1 )( ) }] ( 1)

( )

nl n n i i i n

i

i n

j ll h j k

j l k h r

k h l

p

s p

j l lp

l h

s

λ ξ γ µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λ µ µ

λ ξ µ µ µ γ

λ ξ

−− + + − − + +

=

− + +

+∞ ∞ ∞+ − +

= = = = =

− + −

+ +

+ + + + + + + + + + +

+ − + + + −

+ +

∑∑∑∑∑( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1)

2

2 2 1 2

22( 1) 2 2 (2 2)

1 1 2

0

2( 3) 2 3

[{ } { }]

( ) [ (1 )( ) ( )

( )] [ (2 ) [( ) ] ]

(2 ) [(

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

Ni i N i N

i

i i N

R R R R

s p

p s

s

γ

λξ λ µ ξ ξλ λ ξ µ µ µ

λ λ ξ µ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

γ λ λ µ

− + + − − − + + − + − − + + − − + − + + − + +

−− + − + − − +

=

− + − +

− − −

+ + + + − + + + +

+ + + + + + + −

+ +

∑3

(2 3)

1 2 2 1 1 2

0

1

1 2 1 2 1

22 (2 3) 2 2 (2 2)

2 1 2

0

) ] [( )

{ (1 ) [( )( ) ]}][( )

4( ) ][ (2 ) [( ) ]

Ni N

i

nn i i n i n

i

p p s

s s

µ ξ ν µ µ µ µ

λ µ µ µ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ λ µ ξ

λ µ ξ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

−− − +

=

−− − + − + − − +

=

+ + + + − +

− + + + + − + + + +

+ + + + + + + +

(40)

Page 11: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

41

1 1

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1) 2( ) ( ) ( 1) ( 1)

1 2

,0

1[2( ) ] ( 1)

12 ( ) { }

( )

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

j j k r l m i l k h g j h i l n g j h i l n

m

m j j l j l r

j l h r

ms R R

i

P s

µ µ µµ

γ µ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− + − + + − − − − + + − + + + − − − − + + + − + +

+ + + + + + −

− + + + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

4 ( ) ( )

1 2 1 1 2

( ) ( ) ( )

1 1 2 1 2

1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0

2 ( ) { } [( )( ) ( )]

( ) { } [( )( ) ]

( 1)

g j h i l n g j h i l n

k r l g j h i l n g j h i l n

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

R R

s R R

m j

j

λ µ µ γ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ µ

λ µ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

− − + + + − − − + + + − +

− + − − + + + − − − + + + − +

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− + − + + + + + +

+ + + − − + + + + +

+−

∑∑∑∑∑∑ ( 6)

1 2

( ) ( 1) ( 1)

1 2 1

1 1

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

1( )

2 ( ) [{ }] [ ( )

( ) ] ( 1)

i k l l h

m i l h m i l h r m i l k g j h i l n g j h i l n

j Nl

j l k i

j l l j l r m

l h r i

s R R

j

γ µ µ

λ µ µ ξ ξ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ µµ

− + + + +

− − + − − + + − − − + − + + + − − + − + + + − + +

+∞ ∞ −

= = = =

+ + + − +

+ + + − − + +

+ + + −∑∑∑∑ 2( 1) 2( ) 1

1 2

[2( ) 1]

1 2 1 2 1 2 2

2( )

1 1 2

0 0 0

1( ) (2 )

[( ) ] [3{( )( )} ( )

1(1 ) (1 )( ) ] ( 1)

j k i l i j k i N

j k i N

ll h j k

k h r

j k

l k

s

j j kp p

l k

γ µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λµµ λ ξ µ

ξλ µ λ ξ µµ γ

− + + + + + + − +

− + + − +

∞ ∞+ − +

= = =

+ + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + − + − + −

∑∑∑

1

0 0

( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1)

3

1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1

2( 1) 2 2 (2

1 2

( ) [{ } { }]

[ (1 )( ) ( ) (1 ) 2 ( ) ] ( )

[{ (2 ) [( ) ]

j

j l

k h l g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

i i N i N

s R R R R

p p s

s

λ ξ γ

ξ λξ λ ξ µ µ µ µµ λ µ λ ξ µ λ µ ξ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

+∞

= =

− + − − + + − − − + + − + − − + + − − + − + + − + +

− + − + − −

+ + − − − +

− + + + + − + + + + +

+ + + + +

∑∑

2 12) 2 2 1

0 0

(2 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2

2 2 2 3

1 1 2 2 1 2

22( 1) (2 2) (

1 2

0

{ (2 )

[( ) ] }] [ ( ) ( 1) ( 1) (1 )

( ) ( ) ]{3( ) 4( ) }

[ (2 ) [( ) ]

N Ni i N

i i

i N

nn i i n

i

s p p

s s

s

γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ λ µ ξ µ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

− −+ − − +

= =

− − +

− −

−− − − − + −

=

+ + + + + + − + − + − −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + +

∑ ∑

∑ 2 2)]i n− +

(41)

Page 12: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

42

1 11 1

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

21

, 1 2 2 1 1 2

1 1[2( ) ][ ( 1)

[2( ){ ( ) }]( )1

j i j ll m hi l p q

j l k h r i q p

nm i l p m

m n

m m j j i

i j l

l j i k h j l r qpP s

h k p q

µ µ γ

γλ µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

λ

+ + −∞ ∞ ∞ −− + + +

= = = = = = = =

−− − + −

− + + + + −

+ + + + + + − +=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1

(2 1) ( 1 ) ( 1 1) ( 1 2) 4

1 2

( 1 ) ( 1 2) ( 1 1) ( 1 3)

2

( ) [{ }

{ } { }]]

i l q p

m j i q m i l p q g j h i p g j h i p

g j h i p q k g j h i p q k g j h i p k q r g j h i p k q r

s R R

R R R R

γ µ µ ξ γ

γ

− − +

− + − − + − − − + + − + + + + + − + + + + + −

− + + + + + + − + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + +

+ + + − − − + −

+

21 ( 1) ( 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2

0 0 0 0

11 (2 1 1)

1 0 0

(

1 2

{ } [2( ){ ( ) }]{ }[

1 2 1( 1)

( )

j i ln n n n

j l k h

h mi l h m i l p m j i l p

p i

m i

n

R R p R R

m m j j i l j i k

i j l h k

s

ν γ µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

λ γ

µ µ ξ

+ +∞ ∞− + − + −

= = = =

−+ + − − + − + − − − −

= =

− − −

− − + − + −

− + + + + + + −

+ + +

∑∑∑∑

∑ ∑1) ( ) ( 1 1) 1 ( 1 2)

1 22( 1) 2 2( ) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

[2( ) 2] 2

1 2 1

( ) [ ]]

( 1) [ { ( ) }] {(2 )

[( ) ] } [ {( )

l p m i k l g j h i p g j h i p

j Nl i j k i l i j k i N

j l k i

j k i N

s R R

j lp

l

s

λ ξ γ

γ λ µ µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν ξλ λ ξ µ

+ − − + − − + + + + + − − + + + + +

+∞ ∞ ++ − + + + + + + − −

= = = =

− + + − −

+ + −

+ − − + −

+ + + + + − + + +

∑∑∑∑

1 2 2

22 2 2( 1) 2 3

2 1 2 1

0

1(2 3) 1 2 2( ) (2 1)

1 2 2

0

2(2 1) 2( 1) (2 2)

1 2

0

( )

{ ( ) }}]( ) [{ (2 )

[( ) ] ( ) [ (2 )

[( ) ] (2 )

[(

Ni i N

i

ni N n i i n

i

ni n n i i n

i

p s

s s

s

s

λµµ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ µ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ

−− − + − +

=

−− − + − − − − − +

=

−− − + − − − − +

=

+ + +

+ − + + +

+ + + + + − + + +

+ + + + + −

+

∑(2 2)

1 2

2

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1

2 2( ) (

2 1 1

) ] ]

[ {(2 )( 2 )( ) ( ) (1 ) ( )

( ) }] ( 1) ( )

i n

l h j k r

p

m j j l lp s

j l h

λ µ µ ξ ν

ξ µ µ ξ µ µ ξ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ µ µ γ λ ξ

− − +

+ − + + −

+ + + +

+ + + + + − + − + +

+ + − + − + +

+

1)

0 0 0 0 0

( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1) 1

11 2 1 2 2 (2 2)

2 1 2 2 1

0

1 2(

1

[{ } { }]

( ) [ (2 ) [( ) ] [( ) ]

( ) [

j lk l h

j l k h r

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

Ni i N i N

i

n i

R R R R

s s p

s

γ ξλ

λ µ ξ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν µ µ λ

λ µ ξ γ

+∞ ∞ ∞− +

= = = = =

− + + − − − + + − + − − + + − − + − + + − + + −

−− − + − + − − +

=

− − −

− − − +

+ + + + + + + + + +

+ + +

∑∑∑∑∑

∑1

) (2 1) (2 1)

1 2

0

(2 ) [( ) ] ]]n

i n i n

i

sλ λ µ µ ξ ν−

− + − − +

=

+ + + + +

(42)

Page 13: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

43

1 11

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1) 2( ) ( ) (

1 2

,00

1[( )( )] [[2( ) ] ( 1)

12 ( ) {

( )

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

j j k r l m i l k h g j h i l n

m

m j j l j l rs s

j l h r

ms R

i

P s

ξ λ β λ β ξ µ µ µµ

γ µ µ ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −− ++

= = = = = =

− + − + + − − −−+ + − + + +−− −

+ + + + + + + + − + + −

− + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1) ( 1)

4 ( ) ( )

1 2 1 1 2

( ) ( ) ( )

1 1 2 1 2

1

0 0 0

}

2 ( ) { } [( )( ) ( )]

( ) { } [( )( ) ]

( 1)

g j h i l n

g j h i l n g j h i l n

k r l g j h i l n g j h i l n

l mi l h

k h r i

R

R R

s R R

λµ µ γ λ ξ λ ξ µ λµ µ

λ µ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

− + + +−+ +

− − + + +−− − + + +−+

− + − − + + +−− − + + +−+

∞ −++

= = =

− + − + + + + + +

+ + + − − + + + + +

−∑∑∑1

( 6)

1 2

0 0 0

( ) ( 1) ( 1)

1 2 1

2 1 2

1( )

2 ( ) [{ }] [ ( )

( ) ] ( 1)

ji k l l h

j l

m i l h m i l h r m i l k g j h i l n g j h i l n

l

i

m j j l l j l r m

j l h r i

s R R

γ µ µ

λ µ µ ξ ξ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ µµ

+∞ ∞− + ++ +

= = =

−−+ −−+ + − −−+ − + + +−− + − + + +−+ +

=

+ + + + − +

+ + + − − + +

+ + + −

∑∑∑

1 12( 1) 2( ) 1

1 2

0 0 0 0

[2( ) 1]

1 2 1 2 1 2 2

1 1 2

1( ) (2 )

[( ) ] [3{( )( )} ( )

1(1 ) (1 )( ) ] ( 1)

j Nj k i l i j k i N

j l k

j k i N

l h

j j k

l k

s

j j kp p

l k

γ µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λµµ λ ξ µ

ξλ µ λ ξ µµ

+∞ ∞ −− + ++ + + + − +

= = =

− + + − +

+

+ + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + − + − + −

∑∑∑∑

12( )

0 0 0 0 0

( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1)

3

1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1

2( 1) 2 2

( ) [{ } { }]

[ (1 )( ) ( ) (1 ) 2 ( ) ] ( )

[{ (2 )

j lj k

j l k h r

k h l g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

i i N

s R R R R

p p s

γ

λ ξ γ

ξλξ λ ξ µ µ µ µµ λ µ λ ξ µ λ µ ξ

γ λ

+∞ ∞ ∞− +

= = = = =

− + − − + + −− − + + −+ − − + + −− + − + + −+ +

− + − +

+ + − − − +

− + + + + − + + + + +

∑∑∑∑∑

2 1(2 2) 2 2 1

1 2

0 0

(2 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2

2 2 2 3

1 1 2 2 1 2

2( 1) (2 2)

0

[( ) ] { (2 )

[( ) ] }] [ ( ) ( 1) ( 1) (1 )

( ) ( ) ]{3( ) 4( ) }

[ (2 )

N Ni N i i N

i i

i N

n i i n

i

s

s p p

s s

λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ λ µ ξ µ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ

γ λ

− −− − + − − +

= =

− − +

− −

− −− − +

=

+ + + + + −

+ + + + + + − + − + − −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

∑ ∑

2(2 2)

1 2[( ) ] ]]n

i ns λ µ µ ξ ν−

− − +

+ + + + +

Page 14: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

44

2 1 11 1

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1

1 2 2 1

1 1[2( ) ][ ( 1)

[2( ){ ( )1

( )

n j i j ll m h Ni l p q

j l k h r i q p n

m i l p

m m j j i

i j l

l j i k h j l r qp

h k p q

s

γµ µ γ

λ

λ µ µ λ µ µ µ

ξ

λ β ξ

+ + −∞ ∞ ∞ −− + + +

= = = = = = = = =

− − +

− + + + + −

+ + + + + + − +

−+ + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1

1 2

(2 1) ( 1 ) ( 1 1) ( 1 2) 4

1 2

( 1 ) ( 1 2) ( 1 1) ( 1 3)

2 1 ( 1)

}]

( ) [{ }

{ } { }]]

{

m i l q p

m j i q m i l p q g j h i p g j h i p

g j h i p q k g j h i p q k g j h i p k q r g j h i p k q r

n n

s R R

R R R R

R

µ

γ µ µ ξ γ

γ ν γ

− − − +

− + − − + − − − + + − + + + + + − + + + + + −

− + + + + + + − + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + +

− +

+ + + − −

− + −

+ −2

( 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2

0 0 0 0

11 (2 1 1)

1 0 0 0

( 1)

1 2

} [2( ){ ( ) }]{ }[

1 2 1( 1)

( ) (

j i Nn n n

j l k n

h l mi l h m i l p m j i l p

p h i

m i l p

R p R R

m m j j i l j i k

i j l h k

s s

µ µ λ µ µ µµ

λ γ

µ µ ξ

+ +∞ ∞− + −

= = = =

−+ + − − + − + − − − −

= = =

− − − +

− + − + −

− + + + + + + −

+ + + +

∑∑∑∑

∑∑∑( ) ( 1 1) 1 ( 1 2)

1 22( 1) 2 2( ) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

[2( ) 2] 2

1 2 1 1 2

) [ ]]

( 1) [ { ( ) }] {(2 )

[( ) ] } [ {( ) (

m i k l g j h i p g j h i p

j Nl i j k i l i j k i N

j l k i

j k i N

R R

j lp

l

s

λ ξ γ

γ λ µ µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν ξλ λ ξ µ λµµ λ

− − + − − + + + + + − − + + + + +

+∞ ∞ ++ − + + + + + + − −

= = = =

− + + − −

+ −

+ − − + −

+ + + + + − + + + +

∑∑∑∑

2

22 2 2( 1) 2 3

2 1 2 1

0

1(2 3) 1 2 2( ) (2 1)

1 2 2

0

2(2 1) 2( 1) (2 2)

1 2 1 2

0

)

{ ( ) }}]( ) [{ (2 )

[( ) ] ( ) [ (2 )

[( ) ] (2 ) [(

Ni i N

i

ni N n i i n

i

ni n n i i n

i

p s

s s

s s

ξ µ

λ µ µ µ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ λ µ µ

−− − + − +

=

−− − + − − − − − +

=

−− − + − − − − +

=

+ +

+ − + + +

+ + + + + − + + +

+ + + + + − + + + +

∑ (2 2)

2

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1

12 2( ) ( )

2 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0

( ) (

) ] ]

[ {(2 )( 2 )( ) ( ) (1 ) ( )

( ) }] ( 1) ( )

[{

i n

j l Nl h j k r k l h

j l k h r n

g j h l n g

p

m j j l lp s

j l h

R R

ξ ν

ξ µ µ ξ µ µ ξ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ µ µ γ λ ξ

− − +

+∞ ∞ ∞+ − + + − − +

= = = = = =

− + + − − −

+

+ + + + + + − + − + +

+ + − + − + +

∑∑∑∑∑∑) 1 ( 1) ( 1) 1

11 2 1 2 2 (2 2)

2 1 2 2 1

0

11 2( ) (2 1) (2 1)

1 1 2

0

} { }]

( ) [ (2 ) [( ) ] [( ) ]

( ) [ (2 ) [( ) ] ]]

j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

Ni i N i N

i

nn i i n i n

i

R R

s s p

s s

γ ξλ

λ µ ξ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν µ µ λ

λ µ ξ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

+ + − + − − + + − − + − + + − + + −

−− − + − + − − +

=

−− − − − + − − +

=

− − +

+ + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + + +

(43)

Page 15: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

45

2 1 11 1

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1

1 2

,00

1 1[2( ) ][ ( 1)

[2( ){1

( )( )

n j i j ll m h Ni l p q

j l k h r i q p n

m i l p

m

m m j j i

i j l

l j i k h j l r qp

h k p q

Q ss

γµ µ γ

λ

λ µ µ λ

ξ

λ β ξ

+ + −∞ ∞ ∞ −− + + +

= = = = = = = = =

− − +

− + + + + −

+ + + + + +

=+ + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1

2 1 1 2

(2 1) ( 1 ) ( 1 1) ( 1 2) 4

1 2

( 1 ) ( 1 2) ( 1 1) ( 1 3)

2 1

( ) }]

( ) [{ }

{ } { }]]

m i l q p

m j i q m i l p q g j h i p g j h i p

g j h i p q k g j h i p q k g j h i p k q r g j h i p k q r

n

s R R

R R R R

µ µ µµ

γ µ µ ξ γ

γ ν

− − − +

− + − − + − − − + + − + + + + + − + + + + + −

− + + + + + + − + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + − + + + + + + + +

− +

+ + + − −

− + −

+2

( 1) ( 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2

0 0 0 0

11

1 0 0 0

(2 1 1) (

1 2

{ } [2( ){ ( ) }]{ }[

1 2 1( 1)

( )

j i Nn n n n

j l k n

h l mi l h m i l p

p h i

m j i l p m i

R R p R R

m m j j i l j i k

i j l h k

s

γ µ µ λ µ µ µµ

λ

γ µ µ ξ

+ +∞ ∞+ − + −

= = = =

−+ + − − +

= = =

− + − − − − − −

− − + − + −

− + + + + + + −

+ + +

∑∑∑∑

∑∑∑1) ( ) ( 1 1)

1 21 ( 1 2) 2( 1) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

2( ) 2 [2( ) 2] 2

1 2 1

( ) [

]] ( 1) [ { ( ) }]

{(2 ) [( ) ] } [ {( )

l p m i k l g j h i p

j Ng j h i p l i j k i l i

j l k i

j k i N j k i N

s R

j lR p

l

s

λ ξ

γ γ λ µ µ µ

λ λ µ µ ξ ν ξλ λ ξ µ

− + − − + − − + + + + +

+∞ ∞ +− − + + + + + + − + + + +

= = = =

+ + − − − + + − −

+ +

+ − − − + −

+ + + + + − + +

∑∑∑∑

1 2

22 2 2( 1) 2 3

2 2 1 2 1

0

1(2 3) 1 2 2( ) (2 1)

1 2 2

0

2(2 1) 2( 1) (2 2)

1 2

0

( ) { ( ) }}]( ) [{ (2 )

[( ) ] ( ) [ (2 )

[( ) ] (2 ) [(

Ni i N

i

ni N n i i n

i

ni n n i i n

i

p s

s s

s s

λµµ

λ ξ µ λ µ µ µ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ

−− − + − +

=

−− − + − − − − − +

=

−− − + − − − − +

=

+

+ + + + − + + +

+ + + + + − + + +

+ + + + + −

∑ (2 2)

1 2

2

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1

12 2( ) ( )

2 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0

(

) ] ]

[ {(2 )( 2 )( ) ( ) (1 ) ( )

( ) }] ( 1) ( )

[{

i n

j l Nl h j k r k l h

j l k h r n

g j h

p

m j j l lp s

j l h

R

λ µ µ ξ ν

ξ µ µ ξ µ µ ξ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µµ

µ µ µ γ λ ξ

− − +

+∞ ∞ ∞+ − + + − − +

= = = = = =

− + + −

+ + + + +

+ + + + + + − + − + +

+ + − + − + +

∑∑∑∑∑∑

) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1) 1

11 2 1 2 2 (2 2)

2 1 2 2 1

0

11 2( ) (2 1) (2

1 1 2

0

} { }]

( ) [ (2 ) [( ) ] [( ) ]

( ) [ (2 ) [( ) ]

l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

Ni i N i N

i

nn i i n i n

i

R R R

s s p

s s

γ ξλ

λ µ ξ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν µ µ λ

λ µ ξ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

− − + + − + − − + + − − + − + + − + + −

−− − + − + − − +

=

−− − − − + − − +

=

− − − +

+ + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + + +

∑ 1)]]

Page 16: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

46

1 1

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1) 2( ) ( ) ( 1) ( 1

1 2

1

1 1[2( ) ] ( 1)

2 ( ) {

( )

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

j j k r l m i l k h g j h i l n g j h i l n

m j j l j l r m

j l h r i

s R R

s

µ µ µµ

γ µ µ ξ

ξ λ β ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− + − + + − − − − + + − + + + − − − − + + + − + +

+ + + + − + + −

+ + + −

− + + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑)

4 ( ) ( )

1 2 1 1 2

( ) ( ) ( )

1 1 2 1 2

1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0

}

2 ( ) { } [( )( ) ( )]

( ) { } [( )( ) ]

( 1)

g j h i l n g j h i l n

k r l g j h i l n g j h i l n

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

R R

s R R

λ µ µ γ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ µ

λ µ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

− − + + + − − − + + + − +

− + − − + + + − − − + + + − +

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− + − + + + + + +

+ + + − − + + + + +

∑∑∑∑∑∑ ( 6)

1 2

( ) ( 1) ( 1)

1 2 1

1 1

2 1 2

0 0 0

1( )

2 ( ) [{ }] [ ( )

( ) ] ( 1)

i k l l h

m i l h m i l h r m i l k g j h i l n g j h i l n

j Nl

j l k i

m j j l l j l r m

j l h r i

s R R

γ µ µ

λ µ µ ξ ξ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ µµ

− + + + +

− − + − − + + − − − + − + + + − − + − + + + − + +

+ ∞ −

= = = =

+ + + + − +

+ + + − − + +

+ + + −∑∑∑ 2( 1) 2( ) 1

1 2

0

[2( ) 1]

1 2 1 2 1 2 2

2( )

1 1 2

0 0

1( ) (2 )

[( ) ] [3{( )( )} ( )

1(1 ) (1 )( ) ] ( 1)

j k i l i j k i N

j k i N

ll h j k

k h r

j j k

l k

s

j j kp p

l k

γ µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λµµ λ ξ µ

ξλ µ λ ξ µµ γ

∞− + + + + + + − +

− + + − +

∞+ − +

= =

+ + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + − + − + −

∑∑1

0 0 0

( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) ( 1)

3

1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1

2( 1) 2 2 (

1 2

( ) [{ } { }]

[ (1 )( ) ( ) (1 ) 2 ( ) ] ( )

[{ (2 ) [( ) ]

j

j l

k h l g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

i i N

s R R R R

p p s

s

λ ξ γ

ξ λξ λ ξ µ µ µ µµ λ µ λ ξ µ λ µ ξ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

+∞ ∞

= = =

− + − − + + − − − + + − + − − + + − − + − + + − + +

− + − + −

+ + − − − +

− + + + + − + + + + +

+ + + + +

∑∑∑

2 12 2) 2 2 1

0 0

(2 1)

1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2

2 2 2 3

1 1 2 2 1 2

22( 1) (2 2)

1 2

0

{ (2 )

[( ) ] }] [ ( ) ( 1) ( 1) (1 )

( ) ( ) ]{3( ) 4( ) }

[ (2 ) [( )

N Ni N i i N

i i

i N

nn i i n

i

s p p

s s

s

γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ λ µ ξ µ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ

γ λ λ µ µ ξ

− −− + − − +

= =

− − +

− −

−− − − − +

=

+ + + + + + − + − + − −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + +

∑ ∑

∑ (2 2)] ]i nν − − +

(44)

Where

2

2 2

12 2

1 1 1

( ), ( ) 4 ( ) , 2[ ( 1) ]R s g l N Nk and

µ µα γ ν µ µ λ ξ λ µ µ γ

λ−

+= = + + + + − + = + + =

We are now in a position to complete the solution for the joint distribution of X (t) and Y (t).

Taking the Inverse Laplace transform of (38) to (44), using the tables [2, 4, 6], we obtain

Page 17: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

47

[

11 ( 1 2)

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

2( 1) 1

1 2 2 1 1 2 ( 1) ( 1)

0,

1( 1)

1

{2( ) ( ) }[[ { }

( )

j j ll hl h p q j l h p q

j l k h r p q

j k h l

g j h l n g j h l n

n

j l j l r h j l

l h r p q

p I I

P t

λ

γ µ µ λ µ µ µ µ γ

+ −∞ ∞ ∞+ + + − + − + + +

= = = = = = =

− + + − + −+ + − − − + + − + +

+ + + − −

+ + − + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1 2

( 1 1)( )2 2( 1)

( 1) ( 1) 1 2

0

( )( )( )

( 1) ( ) ( 2) 1 2

( ){ }] ( )

( 1 1)!

[ { }](2 ( ) ).

t j k l h pt l h k h l

g j h l n g j h l n

t wp w

g j h l k g j h l k g j h l k

t wI I e

j k l h p

I I I w e e d

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξλ ξ

γ µ µ γ

γ λ µ µ

+ − + − −− + + +− + − + + +

+ + − − + + + − + +

− + + + −− ++ + + + + + + + + + + + + +

−− − + +

+ − + − −

− − +

2 2 2

2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1

1( 1) ( 2) 2( )

( 1)

0 0 0 0 0

1

( 1) (

[ { ( ) ( )( )( ) (1 ) }]

( 1) 2 [[{

} {

j ll h j j k h l j k h l

g j h l n

j l k h r

g j h l n g

w

p p p

j l l j l rI

l h r

I I

λ ξ µ µ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ λµ µ µ λ λµ

λ γ

γ

+∞ ∞ ∞+ − + − + + − + − + + −

+ + − − −= = = = =

−+ + − + +

+

− + + + + + + − − + −

+ + + −

− −

∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1 2

1( )

) ( ) ( )

0

( )( )1 ( )

( ) ( 1) ( 1) 1 2

1 2

( )}] [{

( 1)!

} { }](2 ( ) ). ]

( )[(

t k lt

j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

t ww

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

t wI e I

k l

I I I w e e dw

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξλ ξγ λ µ µ

ξ µ µ λ ξ

− −− + + +

+ + − − + + − + + + − −

− + + + −− − ++ + − + + + − − + + + − + −

− − + −

− −

− − +

+ + +

1

1 2

2 22( 1)

1 2 1 2 1 2

00

1( )2 1

(2 2) (2 1) 1 2

0

( )( ) 2 1

1 2

( ))( ) {2( ) ( )}] [{

2!

(2 2) } { (2 1) }](2 ( ) ) . ]

] [ {( )( )( )}

t Ni

i

Nwi

i N i N

i

t w

t w

i N I i N I w w e

e dw

λ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ

µ λ ξ µ µ µ λ ξ µ µ γ

γ λ µ µ

γ λ λ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

−− +

=

−− + +− −

− + − +=

− + + + − − −

− + + + + + + +

− + − − + +

+ − + + + + +

∑∫

1 2

2

1 2

2 12( 1) 2( )

2 1 (2 2)

0 0

12 2( )2( 1) 1 2( 1)

(2 1) (2 2)

0 0 0 0

( )

(1 ) ( )][{ (2 2) } 3{ (2 1)

} { (2 2) } [ ( 1)

n nn i n i

i n

i i

jN Nti l i j k i

i n i N

i j l k i

p

p i n I i n

I i N I t eλ µ µ ξ

λ µ λ ξ µ

µ λ λ ξ µ γ γ

γ γ

− −− − −

− += =

+− ∞ +− + + +− + − + − + + +

− + − += = = = =

− + +

− − + + − + − − +

+ − + + −

∑ ∑

∑ ∑∑∑

1 2

0

2

( 2) ( 2)

0 0 0

1( )(2 1) 2 1

( ) ( 3) (2 1)

0

2 2 1[{ }] ( 1)

[{ }] (2 1) ]

jl

g j l i N g j l i N

j l k

Ntj l i

g j i g j i N

i

j l N j j kI I

l i l k

I I i N I t eλ µ µ ξγ γ

+∞ ∞

+ + + − + + + + − −= = =

−− + + +− + − − −

+ + + + − +=

+ + + + + − + −

− − − +

∑∑∑

(45)

Page 18: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

48

1 11

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

( 1 1)2 2( 1) ( 1 2)

1 2 1 2

,1,0

1 1 1( 1)

1

( )[ ( ) ] 2

(

( )

j l h mi l h p

j l k h r p i

m i l k pj k l m j k l j k p

m

m m j j l j l r h

i j l h r p

t wp

m i l k p

P t

λ µ µ µµ γ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ + +

= = = = = = =

− + + + −+ + − + + − + − + + +

− + + + + + −

−+ +

− + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

( 1 1)

0

2 2 6

( 1 2) ( 1) ( 1) 1 2

1 2 2 2 1 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 1 2

(

{1 1)!

} { } (2 ) [ ( ) (1 )

{( )( ) }][ ] (2 ( ) )

t

g j h i p

j i k

g j h i p g j h i l n g j h i l n

g j h i p l n g j h i p l n

I

I I I p

p I I w

eµ µ

γ λ γ λ µ µ λ

µµ µ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ λ µ µ

+ + + + +

− + + + −+ + + + + + + + − − + + + + − − −

+ + + + − − + + + + − +

− +

− + − − + + −

+ + + + − − +

)( ) 2

2 1 2 2 1 2 2

1 11 ( ) (2 1)

2 1 2 1

0 0 0 0

( 1)

0

[ ( ) {( ) } (1 ) {( )

1( ) }] ( 1)

( )[{

( 1)!

t w

j i mi l m i l k m j i

j l k i

t m i l

dw p p p

j i l m j kp

l i k

t wI

m i l

ξ λξ λ ξ µ λ µ µ µ µµ λ µ λ ξ

λ ξ µ λ µµ λ µ γ

+ −

+ +∞ ∞ −+ − + − + − + − −

= = = =

− + −

+ + + + + − + − + +

+ + − + + + − −

− + −

∑∑∑∑

2 1 2

22

( 1) ( 1) 1 2 1 2 2

0

1 2( ) ( )( )

( 1) ( 1) 1 2

0 0 0 0

2

1 2 2

( )}(2 ( ) ) [ {( ) }]

2!

[ ](2 ( ) ) ( 1)

[ [( ) ]

w

g j l n g j l n

j Nu t w l

g j l k n g j l k n

j l k i

l

w uI w p

I I u e du e dw

j lp

l

λ ξ µ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ λ ξ µ µ µ

λ µ µ

λ µ µ µ

+ + + − + + − +

+∞ ∞ +− + + − + + −

+ + + − − + + + − += = = =

−− + + + −

− + − −

+ + −

∑∑∑∑

1 2

1

1( )1

[2( ) 2]

0

2( )( )

( 1) ( 1) 1 2 1 2 2

0

12( )

(2

0

( )(2( ) 2)

( 1)!

( )[ ](2 ( ) ) [ [( ) ]

2!

[ (2 1)

t j l iti

j k i N

t

t w

g j k l n g j k l n

nn i

i n

i

t wj k i N I t e

j l i

t wI I w e dw p

i n I

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ ξλ µ µ λξ µ µ µ

γ

− + −− + + ++ −

+ + − −

− + + −+ + − − − + + − + −

−−

+=

−+ + − − +

− + −

−− + + + −

+ +

∑ 1 1 2( ) ( )( )1

1) 1 2 1

13

2 1 2 2 1 2 2

0 0 0 0 0

( 1)2( )

(2 ( ) ). ] [2( )

1( ) ( ) [( ) ]] ( 1)

( )

( 1)!

w t w

j ll h

j l k h r

k h lj k r

w w e e dw

j lp p

l

m j l t w

j h k h l

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µλ µ µ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ λ µµ λ ξ µ λ µ µ µ

γ

− + + − + + + −−+

+∞ ∞ ∞+

= = = = =

+ − −− + +

+ + + +

+ + + + + + + + + − −

+ −

+ − −

∑∑∑∑∑

1

( ) ( ) ( 1) ( 1)

0

2 1 2( )( ) 2( 2) 2( 1)

1 2 (2 1)

0 00

1

(2 2) 1 2

[{ } { }]

( )(2 ( ) ). [ [{ (2 1) } {

2!

(2 2) }](2 ( ) ).

t

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

t N Nt w i i

i N

i i

w

i N

I I I I

t ww e dw i N I

i N I w w e

λ ξ

ξ

γ

λ µ µ λξ γ γ

λ µ µ

−+ + − − + + − + + + − − + + + − + +

+ −− + − − + − +

− −= =

− −− +

− − −

−+ + − − +

− + +

∑ ∑∫1 2( )( )

]t w

e dwλ ξ µ µ− + + + −

(46)

Page 19: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

49

1 11

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

( 1 1)2( 1) ( 1 1)

1 2 1 2

,0,1

1 1 1( 1)

1

( )[ ( ) ] 2

(

( )

j l h mi l h p

j l k h r p i

m i l k pj k l m j k r l j k p

m

j m j l j l r h m

j l h r p i

t w

m i l k p

P t

λ µ µ µµ γ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ + +

= = = = = = =

− + + + −+ + − + + + − + − + + +

+ + + + + − −

−+ +

− + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

( 1 1)

0

2 2 4

( 1 2) ( 1) ( 1) 1 2 1 2

1 1 1 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 1 2

(

{1 1)!

} { } (2 ) [ ( ) (1 )

{( )( ) }][ ] (2 ( ) )

t

g j h i p

i k

g j h i p g j h i l n g j h i l n

g j h i p l n g j h i p l n

I

I I I p

p I I w

eµ µ ξ

γ λ γ λ µ µ µµ

µλ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ λ µ µ

+ + + + +

− + + −+ + + + + + + + − − − + + + − − +

+ + + + − − + + + + − +

− + +

−−

+ − − + + −

+ + + + − − +

)( )

2 1 2 2 2 2

( 1)1 11 ( ) (2 1)

20

0 0 0 0

( 1) (

[ ( ) (1 ) {( )( ) (1 ) }]

1 1 ( )( 1)

( 1)!

[{

t w

m i lj i mt

i l m i l k m j i

j l k i

g j l n

dw p p p

j i m j i k t w

l i k m i l

I I

λξ λ ξ µ µµ λ µ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ µ

λ µ γ

− + −+ +∞ ∞ −+ − + − + − + − −

= = = =

+ + + −

+ + + + − + + + + − −

+ + − + + −−

− + −

∑∑∑∑ ∫

1 1 2

2

1) 1 2 ( 1) ( 1)0

1 1( ) ( )( )

1 2

0 0 0 0

2( 1)

1 2

( )}(2 ( ) ) [{ }

2!

1 1(2 ( ) )] ( 1)

[ [( ) ]

w

g j l n g j l k n g j l k n

j Nu t w i l

j l k i

j k i

w uw I I

j N N ju e du e dw

l i j

p

λ ξ µ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ

γ λ µ µ

+ + − + + + + − − + + + + −

+∞ ∞ −− + + − + + − +

= = = =

− + + +

−+ + −

+ − + + − −

+

∑∑∑∑

1 2

1

( 1)( )1

[2( ) 1]0

1( )( ) 1 2( )

( 1) ( 1) 1 2 1 2

0

(1

(2 1)

( ){(2( ) 1) }

( 1)!

[{ }(2 ( ) )] [ [( ) ]

(2 1)

j l kt

tl i

j k i N

nt w n i i

g j k l n g j k l n

i

i n

t wj k i N I t e

j l k

I I w e dw p

i n I t e

λ µ µ ξ

λ ξ µλ µ µ λ ξ γ µ µ

− + −− + + ++ −

+ + − +

−− + + − − −

+ + − − − + + − + +=

−−+ +

−+ + − + +

− + −

− + + +

+ +

∑1 2 )

1 2 1 2 2

( 1)12( )

1 2 ( ) ( )0

0 0 0 0 0

1

( 1) (

] [2( )( ) {(1 )( )

( )}] ( 1) [{ }

( 1)!

{

t

k h lj lt

l h j k

g j h l n g j h l n

j l k h r

g j h l n g j

p p

j l l t wI I

l h k h l

I I

λ µ µ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ λ µµ λ ξ µ

µµ γ

γ

+ + +

+ − −+∞ ∞ ∞+ − +

+ + − − + + − += = = = =

−+ + − − + + +

+ + + + + + − + +

+ −+ − −

+ − −

− −

∑∑∑∑∑ ∫

1 2 2

( )( )

1) 1 2 2

2 2 32( 1) 2( 3)

1 2 1 (2 2)0

0 0

( ) ( )(1

(2 3) 1 2

}](2 ( ) )] [ (1 )( )

( )( ) ( )] [ (2 2) (2 3)

2!

](2 ( ) )]

t w

h l n

N Nt

i i

i N

i i

w t

i N

w e dw p

t wp i N I i N

I w w e e

λ ξ

λ µ µ ξ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ λξ ξλ λ ξ µ

µ µ λ λ ξ µ γ γ

λ µ µ

− + −− + +

− −− + − +

− += =

− + + + − + +−− +

+ + − + +

− + + + + − + − − +

+

∑ ∑∫

1 2

1 2

)

2 1 1 2 1 2

( )( ) ( )( )

1 2

0 0

2( )(2 3) 1

(2 2) 1 2

0

[( ) { (1 )

( )[( )( ) ]}][ 4 ]

1!

[{ (2 2) }(2 ( ) ) ]

w

t t

t w t w

nwn i

i n

i

dw p

t wp e e

i n I w w e dw

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ ξ

µ µ µµ λ µµ

µ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ

γ λ µ µ

− + + − − + + −

−− + + +− − + −

− +=

+ − + −

−+ + + + − +

− + +

∫ ∫

(47)

Page 20: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

50

1 1

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)( 1) 2( )

( 1) (

0

,0

1[2( ) ] ( 1)

1 ( )2 [{

( 1)!

( )

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

t m i l k hj j k r l

g j h i l n g j h i

m

m j j l j l r

j l h r

m t wI I

i m i l k h

P t

µ µ µµ

γ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− − + + −− + − + + −

+ + + − − − + + +

+ + + + + + −

− − − − − + + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 1 2

1)

4

1 2 ( ) ( ) 1 2

( 1)

1 1 2 ( ) ( ) 1 2

0

( ) ( )( )

}

2 ( ) { }](2 ( ) ) [( )(

( )) ( )][ { }(2 ( ) )]

( 1)!

[(

l n

g j h i l n g j h i l n

w k r l

g j h i l n g j h i l n

u t w

I I w

w uI I u

k r l

e e dwλ ξ µ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ ξ λ ξ

µ λ µ µ λ µ µ

− + +

−+ + + − − + + + − +

+ − −

+ + + − − + + + − +

− + + − + + −

− + − + + + + +

−+ + − +

+ − −

1 2 1 2

1 1( 6)

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)

(

0

)( ) ]

1( 1) ( )

( )2 [{

( 1)!

j l mi l h i k l l h

j l k h r i

t m i l km i l h m i l h r

g j h i l

m j j l l j l r m

j l h r i

t wI

m i l k

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

γ µ µ

λ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ + − + + + +

= = = = = =

− − + −− − + − − + +

+ + + −

+ + + + +

+ + + + − − +

− − + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1 2

1) ( 1) 1 2

1 1( )( )

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0

( )2( 1) 1

1 2 [2( ) 1]

}(2 ( ) )]

1[ ( )( ) ] ( 1)

( ) (2( ) 1) [3{

n g j h i l n

j Nt w l

j l k i

tj k i l i

j k i N

I w

j j ke dw

l k

j k i N I t e

µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ

ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

γ µ µ

− + + + + − + +

+∞ ∞ −− + + −

= = = =

− + + +− + + + + −+ + − +

− +

+ + − + + + + + −

+ + + − + +

∑∑∑∑

1

2 1 2 2 1 1 2

( 1)12( )

( ) ( )

0 0 0 0 0 0

1

( 1) (

( )

( )} ( ) (1 ) (1 )( ) ]

1 ( )( 1) [{ }

( 1)!

{

t k h lj ll h j k

g j h l n g j h l n

j l k h r

g j h l n g j

p p

j j k t wI I

l k k h l

I I

λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ λµµ λ ξ µ ξλ µ λ ξ µµ

γ

γ

+ − −+∞ ∞ ∞+ − +

+ + − − + + − += = = = =

−+ + − − + + +

+ +

+ + + + + + − + − +

+ + −− −

+ − −

− −

∑∑∑∑∑ ∫

1 1 2

( )

1) 1 2 1

2 22( 1)

1 2 1 2 2 1 (2 2)

00

( ) ( )( )2 1

(2 1) 1 2

}](2 ( ) ) [ (1 )( )

( )( ) (1 ) 2 ( ) ] [{ (2 2) }

2!

{ (2 1) }](2 ( ) )

w

h l n

t Ni

i N

i

w t wi

i N

w e dw p

t wp i N I

i N I w w e e

λ ξ

λ µ ξ λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ λξ λ ξ µ

µ µ µµ λ µ λ ξ µ γ

γ λ µ µ

− +− + +

−− +

− +=

− + + − + + + −− −− +

+ + − + +

−+ + − + + − +

− − + +

∑∫

1 2

1

0

2 2

2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

2 2( )( ) ( )( ) 2( 1)

(2 2)

00 0

[ ( ) ( 1) ( 1) (1 ) ( ) ( ) ]

( ) ( )[{3 4 } ][ (2 2) ]

1! 2!

N

i

t t nt w t w n i

i n

i

dw

p p

t w t we e dw i n I

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ λ µ ξ µ λ µ ξ

γ

=

−− + + − − + + − − − −

− +=

+

− + − + − − + + + + + +

− −+ − +

∑∫ ∫

(48)

Page 21: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

51

1 11 1

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

1

1 2 2 1 1 2

2

,

1 1[2( ) ][ ( 1)

[2( ){ ( ) }]1

( )

j i j ll m hi l p q

j l k h r i q p

m i l p m i

n

m n

m m j j i

i j l

l j i k h j l r qp

h k p q

P t

µ µ γ

λ µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

γ

λ

+ + −∞ ∞ ∞ −− + + +

= = = = = = = =

− − + −

− + + + + −

+ + + + + + − +

=

∑ ∑ ∑∑∑∑∑∑

1

1

( 1 1)(2 1) 4

( 1 1) ( 1 2)

0

( 1 ) ( 1 2) ( 1 1) ( 1 3)

(

2 1

( )[{ }

( 1 1)!

{ } { }

](2 ( ) )]

l q p

t m i l p q

m j i q

g j h i p g j h i p

g j h i p q k g j h i p q k g j h i p k q r g j h i p k q r

t wI I

m i l p q

I I I I

w eµ

γ γ

λ µ µ

− − +

− − + + −− + − − + −

+ + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

−− −

− − + + −

− + −

+

2 )( )

2 11

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

( 1 1)(2 2 1)

1 2 1[ ( 1)

( )

(

t w

j i l h mi l h m i l p

j l k h p i

m i l pm j i l n

dw

m m j j i l j i k

i j l h k

t w

m i l p

µ ξ

λ

γ

+ + −

+ +∞ ∞ −+ + − − +

= = = = = =

− − + −− + − − − −

− + + + + + + −

− − +

+

∑ ∑ ∑∑∑∑( 1)

0 0

1

( 1 ) ( 1 2)

( 1 1) ( 1 3) 1 2 2

( )[ {( 1 )

1 1)! ( 1)!

( 1 2) } {( 1 1)

( 1 3) }] [2( ){ (

t w m i l k

g j h i p n g j h i p n

g j h i p n g j h i p n

w ug j h i p n

m i l k

I g j h i p n I g j h i p n

I g j h i p n I p

γ

γ

µ µ λ µ

− − + −

−+ + + + − + + + + + +

+ + + + − + + + + + + +

−+ + + + −

− − − + −

− + + + + + + − + + + + − +

− + + + + + + − + −

∫ ∫

1 2

1

1 2 ( 1 1)

1

( 1 1) ( 1 2)

( )( )1 ( )( )

( 1 2) 2 1

)

}][{( 1 1) ( 1 1)

} {( 1 2)

( 1 2) }](2 ( ) ) ]

g j h i p n

g j h i p n g j h i p n

t ww u

g j h i p n

g j h i p n I g j h i p n

I g j h i p n I

g j h i p n I u e du e dµ µ ξλ ξ

µ

µ µ

γ

λ µ µ

+ + + + − +

−+ + + + + + + + + + + +

− + + −− − + −+ + + + − +

+ + + + + − + − + + + + + +

− + + + + + + −

+ + + + − + +

1 2

1 22( 1) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

( )1 2 2 2

[2( ) 2] 1 1 2 2 2 1

2( 1)

2

0

( 1) [ { ( ) }] {(2( ) 2)

} [ {( ) ( ) { ( )

( )}}] [{ (2 3)

1!

j Nl i j k i l i

j l k i

t

j k i N

t

i

i

w

j lp j k i N

l

I t e p

t wi N

λ µ µ ξ

γ λ µ µ µ

ξλ λ ξ µ λµ µ λ ξ µ λ µ µ

µ γ

+∞ ∞ ++ − + + + +

= = = =

− + + +−+ + − −

− +

=

+ − − + − + + − −

− + + + + + + +

−− − +

∑∑∑∑

∫ 1 2

1 2 2 1

2( )1

(2 3) 2 1

0

1 21 2( ) 2( 1)

(2 1) (2 2) 2 1

0 00

( ) ( )( ) ( )( )1

}(2 ( ) ). ]

( )[{ (2 1) (2 2) }(2 ( ) )

1!

. . ] ]

Nw

i N

w n nn i n i

i n i n

i i

u w u t w

I w w e

w ui n I i n I u

u e e du e dw

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ

λ µ µ

λ γ γ λ µ µ

−− + + +−

− +

− −− − − − − −

− + − += =

− + + + − + + − − + + −−

+

−− − + − − + +

∑ ∑∫

2

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1

( 1)2 2( )

2 1 1

0

[ {(2 )( 2 )( ) ( ) (1 ) ( )

( )( ) }] ( 1)

( 1)!

t k l hl h j k r

p

m j j l l t wp

j l h k l h

ξ µ µ ξ µ µ ξ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ

µ µ µ γ− + −

+ − + +

+ + + + + − + − + +

+ + −− + −

− + −

+

1 2 1 2

1

0 0 0 0 0

1

( ) ( ) ( 1) ( 1) 2 1

1( )( ) ( )1 2 1 1

(2 2) 2 1

00

2 1

[{ } { }](2 ( ) )

[{ (2 2) }(2 ( ) )

[( )

j l

j l k h r

g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n g j h l n

t Nt w wi

i N

i

I I I I w

e i N I w w eλ µ µ ξ λ µ µ ξ

γ λ µ µ

ξλ γ λ µ µ

µ µ

+∞ ∞ ∞

= = = = =

−+ + − − + + − + + + − − + + + − + +

−− + + + − − + + +− − + −

− +=

− − − +

+ − + +

+ +

∑∑∑∑∑

∑∫

1 2

1 2

1( )2( ) 1

(2 1) 2 1

00

( )( ) ( )( )

] [ (2 1) ](2 ( ) ) . ]

] ]

w nun i

i n

i

w u t w

p i n I u u e

e du e dw

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ ξ λ µ ξ

λ γ λ µ µ−

− + + +− − −− +

=

− + + − − + + −

− + +

∑∫

(49)

Page 22: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

52

1 1

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)( 1) 2( ) ( )

0

,00

1[2( ) ] ( 1)

1 ( )2 {( ) ( )

( 1)!

( )

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

t m i l k hj j k r l w

m

m j j l j l r

j l h r

m t we

i m i l k h

e

P t

λ β ξ

µ µ µ µ

γ λ β λ β ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− − + + −− + − + + − − + −

+ + + + + + −

− − + − + − − − + + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

∫( )

( 1) ( 1)

4

1 2 ( ) ( ) 1 2

( 1)

1 1 2 ( ) ( ) 1 2

0

} [{ }

2 ( ) { }](2 ( ) ) [( )(

( )) ( )][ { }(2 ( )

( 1)!

w

g j h i l n g j h i l n

g j h i l n g j h i l n

w k r l

g j h i l n g j h i l n

I I

I I w

w uI I u

k r l

λ β ξ

λ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ ξ λ ξ

µ λ µ µ λ µ µ

− + −+ + + − − − + + + − + +

−+ + + − − + + + − +

+ − −

+ + + − − + + + − +

− + − + + + + +

−+ + − +

+ − −∫

1 1 2( ) ( )( )

1 2 1 2

1 1( 6)

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

(

)]

[( )( ) ]

1( 1) ( )

( )2

u t w

j l mi l h i k l l h

j l k h r i

m i l h m i l h r

e e dw

m j j l l j l r m

j l h r i

t w

λ ξ µ µ µ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ

γ µ µ

λ

− + + − + + −

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ + − + + + +

= = = = = =

− − + − − + +

− + + + + +

+ + + + − − +

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1)

( 1) ( 1) 1 2

0

1 1( )( )

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0

2( 1)

1 2

[{ }(2 ( ) )]( 1)!

1[ ( )( ) ] ( 1)

( ) (2( )

t m i l k

g j h i l n g j h i l n

j Nt w l

j l k i

j k i l i

I I wm i l k

j j ke dw

l k

j k i N

µ µ ξ

λ µ µ

ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ

γ µ µ

− − + −

+ + + − − + + + + − + +

+∞ ∞ −− + + −

= = = =

− + + + +

− +− − + −

+ + − + + + + + −

+ + + − +

∑∑∑∑1 2( )1

[2( ) 1] 1

2 1 2 2 1 1 2

( 1)2( )

( ) ( )

0 0 0 0

1) [3{( )

( )} ( ) (1 ) (1 )( ) ]

1 ( )( 1) [{ }

( 1)!

t

j k i N

t k h lll h j k

g j h l n g j h l n

k h r

I t e

p p

j j k t wI I

l k k h l

λ µ µ ξ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ λµ µ λ ξ µ ξλ µ λ ξ µ µ

γ

− + + +−+ + − +

+ − −∞ ∞+ − +

+ + − − + + − += = =

+ + +

+ + + + + + − + − +

+ + −− −

+ − − ∑∑∑ ∫

1

0 0

1 ( )

( 1) ( 1) 1 2 1

2 22( 1)

1 2 1 2 2 1 (2 2)

00

2

(2 1) 1

{ }](2 ( ) ) [ (1 )( )

( )( ) (1 ) 2 ( ) ] [{ (2 2) }

2!

{ (2 1) }](2 (

j

j l

w

g j h l n g j h l n

t Ni

i N

i

i

i N

I I w e dw p

t wp i N I

i N I

λ ξγ λ µ µ ξ λξ λ ξ µ

µ µ µ µ λ µ λ ξ µ γ

γ λ µ µ

+∞

= =

− − ++ + − − + + + − + +

−− +

− +=

−− +

− − + + − + +

−+ + − + + − +

− − + +

∑∑

∑∫

1 1 2

1 2

1( ) ( )( )1

2

0

2 2

2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

2 2( )( ) ( )( ) 2( 1)

(2 2

00 0

) )

[ ( ) ( 1) ( 1) (1 ) ( ) ( ) ]

( ) ( )[{3 4 } ][ (2 2)

1! 2!

Nw t w

i

t t nt w t w n i

i n

i

w w e e dw

p p

t w t we e dw i n I

λ µ ξ λ µ µ ξ

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ λ µ ξ µ λ µ ξ

γ

−− + + − + + + −−

=

−− + + − − + + − − − −

− +=

+

− + − + − − + + + + + +

− −+ − +

∑∫ ∫ )]

Page 23: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

53

2 1 11 1

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1

1 2 2 1 1 2

1 1[2( ) ][ ( 1)

[2( ){ ( ) }]1

n j i j ll m h Ni l p q

j l k h r i q p n

m i l p m i

m m j j i

i j l

l j i k h j l r qp

h k p q

γµ µ γ

λ

λ µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

ξ

+ + −∞ ∞ ∞ −− + + +

= = = = = = = = =

− − + − −

− + + + + −

+ + + + + + − +

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1

( 1 1)(2 1) 4

( 1 1) ( 1 2)

0

( 1 ) ( 1 2) ( 1 1) ( 1 3)

(

2 1

( )[{ }

( 1 1)!

{ } { }

](2 ( ) )

l q p

t m i l p qm j i q

g j h i p g j h i p

g j h i p q k g j h i p q k g j h i p k q r g j h i p k q r

t wI I

m i l p q

I I I I

w e λ β

γ γ

λ µ µ

− +

− − + + −− + − − + −

+ + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

− + −

−− −

− − + + −

− + −

+

1 2

2 1( )( ))

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

( 1 1) ( 11 (2 2 1)

1] [ ( 1)

2 1 ( ) ( )

( 1 1)!

j i l h m Nt ww i l h

j l k h p i n

m i l p m i l km i l p m j i l n

m m je dw

i j

j i l j i k t w w u

l h k m i l p

µ µ ξξ

λ γ

+ +∞ ∞ −− + + − + +

= = = = = = =

− − + − − − + −− − + − + − − − −

− + + −

+ + + + + − −

− − + −

∑ ∑ ∑∑∑∑∑

)

0 0

1

( 1 ) ( 1 2)

( 1 1) ( 1 3)

1 2 2 1 1 2

( 1)!

[ {( 1 ) ( 1 2) } {

( 1 1) ( 1 3) }]

[2( ){ ( ) }][{(

t w

g j h i p n g j h i p n

g j h i p n g j h i p n

m i l k

g j h i p n I g j h i p n I

g j h i p n I g j h i p n I

p g j h i

γ γ

µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

−+ + + + − + + + + + +

+ + + + − + + + + + + +

− − + −

+ + + + − − + + + + + + −

+ + + + − + − + + + + + + −

+ − + + + +

∫ ∫

1 2

( 1 1)

1

( 1 1) ( 1 2)

1 ( )( ) ( )

( 1 2) 2 1

( )( )

1 1)

( 1 1) } {( 1 2)

( 1 2) }](2 ( ) ) ] ]

( 1)

g j h i p n

g j h i p n g j h i p n

w u w

g j h i p n

t w l i

p n I

g j h i p n I g j h i p n I

g j h i p n I u e du e

e dw

λ ξ λ β ξ

µ µ ξ

γ

λ µ µ

+ + + + − +

−+ + + + + + + + + + + +

− − + − − + −+ + + + − +

− + + − +

+ − + −

+ + + + + + − + + + + + + −

+ + + + − + +

− −

1 2

1 22( 1) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

( )1 2 2 2

[2( ) 2] 1 1 2 2 2 1

22( 1)

2 (2

00

[ { ( ) }] {(2( )

2) } [ {( ) ( ) { ( )

( )}}] [{ (2 3)

1!

j Nj k i l i

j l k i

t

j k i N

t Ni

i

i

j lp j k i

l

N I t e p

t wi N I

λ µ µ ξ

γ λ µ µ µ

ξλ λ ξ µ λµ µ λ ξ µ λ µ µ

µ γ

+∞ ∞ +− + + + +

= = = =

− + + +−+ + − −

−− +

=

+ + − + +

− − − + + + + + + +

−− − +

∑∑∑∑

∑∫ 1 2

1 2 2 1

( )1

3) 2 1

1 21 2( ) 2( 1)

(2 1) (2 2) 2 1

0 00

( ) ( )( ) ( )( )1 ( )

}(2 ( ) ). ]

( )[{ (2 1) (2 2) }(2 ( ) )

1!

. . ] ] ]

w

N

w n nn i n i

i n i n

i i

u w u t ww

w w e

w ui n I i n I u

u e e du e e dw

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξλ β ξ

λ µ µ

λ γ γ λ µ µ

− + + +−− +

− −− − − − − −

− + − += =

− + + + − + + − − + + −− − + −

+

−− − + − − + +

+

∑ ∑∫

2 1 2 1

12 2

2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)2( )

( ) (

0

[ {(2 )( 2 )

( ) ( ) (1 ) ( ) ( ) }] ( 1)

( )[{

( 1)!

j l Nl h

j l k h r n

t k l hj k r

g j h l n g j h l

m jp p

j

j l l t wI I

l h k l h

ξ µ µ ξ µ µ ξ

µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ

γ

+∞ ∞ ∞+

= = = = = =

− + −− + +

+ + − − + + −

+ + + +

+ + − + − + + − + −

+ −−

− + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1 2

1

) ( 1) ( 1)

1( )( ) 1 2 1 1

2 1 (2 2) 2 1

00

1( ) 2( )

2 1 (2 1) 2 1

0

} { }]

(2 ( ) ) [{ (2 2) }(2 ( ) )

[( ) ] [ (2 1) ](2 ( ) )

n g j h l n g j h l n

t Nt w i

i N

i

nw n i

i n

i

I I

w e i N I w w

e p i n I u u

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ

γ

λ µ µ ξλ γ λ µ µ

µ µ λ γ λ µ µ

−+ + + − − + + + − + +

−− + + + − − − + −

− +=

−− + + + − − −

− +=

− −

+ + − + +

+ + − + +

∑∫

∑ 1 2

1 2

( )1

0

( )( ) ( )( )( )

. ]

] ] ]

w

u

w u t ww

e

e du e e dw

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ ξ λ µ ξλ β ξ

− + + +

− + + − − + + −− + −

Page 24: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

54

2 1 11 1

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1

1 2 2 1 1

,00

1 1[2( ) ][ ( 1)

[2( ){ ( )1

( )

n j i j ll m h Ni l p q

j l k h r i q p n

m i l p

m

m m j j i

i j l

l j i k h j l r qp

h k p q

Q t

γµ µ γ

λ

λ µ µ λ µ µ µ

ξ

+ + −∞ ∞ ∞ −− + + +

= = = = = = = = =

− − +

− + + + + −

+ + + + + + − +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

1

2

( 1 1)(2 1) 4

( 1 1) ( 1 2)

0

( 1 ) ( 1 2) ( 1 1) ( 1 3)

2 1

}]

( )[{ }

( 1 1)!

{ } { }

](2 ( )

m i l q p

t m i l p qm j i q

g j h i p g j h i p

g j h i p q k g j h i p q k g j h i p k q r g j h i p k q r

t wI I

m i l p q

I I I I

w

µ

γ γ

λ µ µ

− − − +

− − + + −− + − − + −

+ + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

−− −

− − + + −

− + −

+

1 2

2 1( )( )( )

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

( 1 1) (1 (2 2 1)

1) ] [ ( 1)

2 1 ( ) ( )

( 1 1)!

j i l h m Nt ww i l h

j l k h p i n

m i l p mm i l p m j i l n

m m je e dw

i j

j i l j i k t w w u

l h k m i l p

µ µ ξλ β ξ

λ γ

+ +∞ ∞ −− + + −− + − + +

= = = = = = =

− − + −− − + − + − − − −

− + + −

+ + + + + − −

− − + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑1)

0 0

1

( 1 ) ( 1 2)

( 1 1) ( 1 3)

1 2 2 1 1 2

( 1)!

[ {( 1 ) ( 1 2) } {

( 1 1) ( 1 3) }]

[2( ){ ( ) }][{

t w i l k

g j h i p n g j h i p n

g j h i p n g j h i p n

m i l k

g j h i p n I g j h i p n I

g j h i p n I g j h i p n I

p

γ γ

µ µ λ µ µ µ µ

− − + −

−+ + + + − + + + + + +

+ + + + − + + + + + + +

− − + −

+ + + + − − + + + + + + −

+ + + + − + − + + + + + + −

+ − +

∫ ∫

1 2

( 1 1)

1

( 1 1) ( 1 2)

1 ( )( ) ( )

( 1 2) 2 1

( )( )

( 1 1)

( 1 1) } {( 1 2)

( 1 2) }](2 ( ) ) ] ]

g j h i p n

g j h i p n g j h i p n

w u w

g j h i p n

t w

g j h i p n I

g j h i p n I g j h i p n I

g j h i p n I u e du e

e dw

λ ξ λ β ξ

µ µ ξ

γ

λ µ µ

+ + + + − +

−+ + + + + + + + + + + +

− − + − − + −+ + + + − +

− + + −

+ + + + − + −

+ + + + + + − + + + + + + −

+ + + + − + +

1 2

1 22( 1) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

( )1 2 2 2

[2( ) 2] 1 1 2 2 2 1

2( 1)

2

00

( 1) [ { ( ) }] {(2( )

2) } [ {( ) ( ) { ( )

( )}}] [{ (2 3)

1!

j Nl i j k i l i

j l k i

t

j k i N

t

i

i

j lp j k i

l

N I t e p

t wi N

λ µ µ ξ

γ λ µ µ µ

ξλ λ ξ µ λµ µ λ ξ µ λ µ µ

µ γ

+∞ ∞ ++ − + + + +

= = = =

− + + +−+ + − −

− +

=

+ − − + − + +

− − − + + + + + + +

−− − +

∑∑∑∑

∫ 1 2

1 2 2 1

2( )1

(2 3) 2 1

1 21 2( ) 2( 1)

(2 1) (2 2) 2 1

0 00

( ) ( )( ) ( )1 ( )

}(2 ( ) ). ]

( )[{ (2 1) (2 2) }(2 ( ) )

1!

. . ] ] ]

Nw

i N

w n nn i n i

i n i n

i i

u w u w

I w w e

w ui n I i n I u

u e e du e e

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξλ β ξ

λ µ µ

λ γ γ λ µ µ

−− + + +−

− +

− −− − − − − −

− + − += =

− + + + − + + − − + +− − + −

+

−− − + − − + +

∑ ∑∫( )

2 1 2 1

12 2

2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)2( )

( )

0

[ {(2 )( 2 )

( ) ( ) (1 ) ( ) ( ) }] ( 1)

( )[{

( 1)!

t w

j l Nl h

j l k h r n

t k l hj k r

g j h l n

dw

p p

m j j l l t wI I

j l h k l h

ξ µ µ ξ µ µ ξ

µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ

γ

+∞ ∞ ∞+

= = = = = =

− + −− + +

+ + − −

+ + + + +

+ − + − + + − + −

+ + −−

− + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1 2

1

( ) ( 1)

1( )( ) 1 2 1

( 1) 2 1 (2 2)

00

1( )1 2( )

2 1 2 1 (2 1)

00

} {

}](2 ( ) ) [{ (2 2) }

(2 ( ) ) [( ) ] [ (2 1) ]

(2

g j h l n g j h l n

t Nt w i

g j h l n i N

i

w nw n i

i n

i

I

I w e i N I

w w e p i n I

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ

γ

λ µ µ ξλ γ

λ µ µ µ µ λ γ

λ

−+ + − + + + − − +

−− + + + − − − +

+ + − + + − +=

−− + + +− − −

− +=

− −

+ + − +

+ + + − +

∑∫

∑∫1 2 1 2( ) ( )( ) ( )( )1 ( )

2 1( ) ) . ] ] ] ]u w u t ww

u u e e du e e dwλ µ µ ξ λ µ ξ λ µ ξλ β ξµ µ − + + + − + + − − + + −− − + −

+

Page 25: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

55

1 1

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)( 1) 2( )

( 1) ( 1

0

1[2( ) ] ( 1)

1 ( )2 [{

( 1)!

j l mi l h

j l k h r i

t m i l k hj j k r l

g j h i l n g j h i l n

m j j l j l r

j l h r

m t wI I

i m i l k h

µ µ µ µ

γ

ξ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ +

= = = = = =

− − + + −− + − + + −

+ + + − − − + + + − + +

+ + + + + + −

− − − − − + + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 1 2

)

4

1 2 ( ) ( ) 1 2

( 1)

1 1 2 ( ) ( ) 1 2

0

( ) ( )( )( )

}

2 ( ) { }](2 ( ) ) [( )(

( )) ( )][ { }(2 ( ) )]

( 1)!

]

g j h i l n g j h i l n

w k r l

g j h i l n g j h i l n

u t ww

I I w

w uI I u

k r l

e e e dwλ ξ µ µ µ ξλ β ξ

λ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ ξ λ ξ

µ λ µ µ λ µ µ

−+ + + − − + + + − +

+ − −

+ + + − − + + + − +

− + + − + + −− + −

− + − + + + + +

−+ + − +

+ − −

1 2 1 2

1 1( 6)

1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

( 1)

(

0

[( )( ) ]

1( 1) ( )

( )2 [{

( 1)!

j l mi l h i k l l h

j l k h r i

t m i l km i l h m i l h r

g j

m j j l l j l r m

j l h r i

t wI

m i l k

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

γ µ µ

λ

+∞ ∞ ∞ −+ + − + + + +

= = = = = =

− − + −− − + − − + +

+ +

− + + + + +

+ + + + − − +

− − + −

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1) ( 1) 1 2

1 1( )( )( )

1 2 1 2

0 0 0 0

2( 1) 1

1 2 [2( ) 1]

}(2 ( ) )]

1] [ ( )( ) ] ( 1)

( ) (2( ) 1)

h i l n g j h i l n

j Nt ww l

j l k i

j k i l i

j k i N

I w

j j ke e dw

l k

j k i N I t e

µ µ ξλ β ξ

λ µ µ

ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µµ

γ µ µ

+ − − + + + + − + +

+∞ ∞ −− + + −− + −

= = = =

−− + + + + −+ + − +

− +

+ + − + + + + + −

+ + + − +

∑∑∑∑

1 2( )

1

2 1 2 2 1 1 2

( 1)12( )

( ) ( )

0 0 0 0 0 0

1

(

[3{( )

( )} ( ) (1 ) (1 )( ) ]

1 ( )( 1) [{ }

( 1)!

{

t

t k h lj ll h j k

g j h l n g j h l n

j l k h r

g j

p p

j j k t wI I

l k k h l

I

λ µ µ ξ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ λµ µ λ ξ µ ξλ µ λ ξ µ µ

γ

γ

+ + +

+ − −+∞ ∞ ∞+ − +

+ + − − + + − += = = = =

−+

+ + +

+ + + + + + − + − +

+ + −− −

+ − −

∑∑∑∑∑ ∫( ) ( )

1) ( 1) 1 2 1

2 22( 1)

1 2 1 2 2 1 (2 2)

00

(2 1

(2 1) 1 2

}](2 ( ) ) ] [ (1 )( )

( )( ) (1 ) 2 ( ) ] [{ (2 2) }

2!

{ (2 1) }](2 ( ) )

w w

h l n g j h l n

t Ni

i N

i

i

i N

I w e e dw p

t wp i N I

i N I w w e

λ β ξ λ ξ

λ

λ µ µ ξ λξ λ ξ µ

µ µ µ µ λ µ λ ξ µ γ

γ λ µ µ

− + − − ++ − − + + + − + +

−− +

− +=

−− −− +

− + + − + +

−+ + − + + − +

− − + +

∑∫

1 1 2

1 2

1) ( )( )( )

0

2 2

2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

2 2( )( ) ( )( ) 2( 1)

(2 2

00 0

]

[ ( ) ( 1) ( 1) (1 ) ( ) ( ) ]

( ) ( )[{3 4 } ][ (2 2)

1! 2!

Nw t ww

i

t t nt w t w n i

i n

i

e e dw

p p

t w t we e dw i n I

µ ξ λ µ µ ξλ β ξ

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

λ µ µ µ µ µ µ µ λ µ ξ µ λ µ ξ

γ

−+ + − + + + −− + −

=

−− + + − − + + − − − −

− +=

+

− + − + − − + + + + + +

− −+ − +

∑∫ ∫ )]

(51)

Where 1 2( ) , 2 ( )I t Iν να α λ µ µ≡ = +

Page 26: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

56

4. NUMBER OF TIMES THE SYSTEM REACHES ITS CAPACITY IN TIME t

Putting y=1 in (26) and on simplification, we have

[ ]1

1( ,1; ) 1 ( 1) ( , )

N

AH x s x P x s

−= + − (52)

Using (28) in (52) and setting x=0, we have

1510,.

16

( ) 1ZA

P ss Z

− = −

(53)

Where

1

1

1 1

2

1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2

2 2 2

15 2 1 2 2 2 1 2

2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2

[( ){ ( )} ( )][ (1){ ( ) ( )}

(2)] [[( )( ) ][ (1){ ( )}

(2) ( )] ( )[ (1){ ( )} (2){ } (3) ]]

s A s A V B B B

Z B V s s s A V B B B

V B A V B B V B B V B

ξ µ λ ξ µ µ γ λ µ µ

λγ ξ µ λ ξ λ γ λγ µ µ

µ µ µ µ µ µ λ λ

− − −

+ − + + + − + + − +

= − + + + + + + − + +

− + + + − + + − − −

1 1

1

1 1

6 2

1 2 2 2 2 1 2

4 4

2 2 1 2 2 1 2

16 2

2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

2 2

2

[( ) ( 1) ( 2) ( ){ ( )}

( 1){ }] [{ ( )}{ (1) ( ) (2)

(1){ ( )}} { ( ) ( )}{ ( ) (1)

(2) {

A B V N B V N V N B B

V N B B A s B V B VZ

V B B A A s B V

B V

λ µ µ λγ γ µ µ

γ λ λ µ λ ξ λγ µ µξ

γ µ µ µ µ µ λ ξ µ µ

λγ γ

− −

− −

− −

+ + − − − + +

+ − + − + + + + + +=

− + + + − + − + + + +

+ −1 2}}]]B Bλ

+

Using (28) in (52), differentiating m times w.r.t. x and dividing both sides by m! And setting

x=0, we have

17,.

18

( )m

ZP s

Z

− = (54)

Where

1 1 1

2 2

1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2

2 4 4

1 2 2 2 1 2

2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

17 2

2

[ (1){ ( )} ( ) (2)][ ( ) ( 2)

2 ( ){ [ ( 1) ( 1)]} ( ) ( )

{ }][ (1){ ( )} ( ) ( ){ ( ) (1)

(2)

V B B B B V B V N

s V N B V N B V N

B B V B B A A s B VZ

B V

γ λγ µ µ µ µ µ µ

λ µ µ λ ξ γ γ µ µ γ

λ µ µ µ µ µ λ ξ µ µ

λγ

− −

− − −

− + + − + + + −

+ + + + − + + + + +

+ + + − + − + + + +=

+ +1 1

1 1 1

2

2 1 2 2 1 2

2 2 4

2 1 2 1 2 2

( 1)

( )} [ ( 2) ( ){ ( )}]

{ ( 1) ( )} ( ){ ( 2) ( 1)} { }

{ ( 1) ( 2)}] m

A s A B V N V N B B

A A B V N V N A B V N V N B B

V N V N

λ µ λ ξ λ λ γ µ µ

γ λ µ µ γ λ

− −

+ + + + − − + + + + − + + + − + + +

+ − −

2

( 1) 1 6

1 2 1 1 2 2

2 4

1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

18 2 2

1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1

4

2

[ ( ) ( ) ][2 [( ) ( 1) ( 2) ]

( ){ ( ) } ( 1){ } { ( ) ( )}

{( ) (1) (2) { }}] [ ( )]

[

m m ms s s A B V N V N B

V N B B V N B B A A sZ

B V B V B B A s

B V

λξ µ µ ξ λξ λ µ µ λγ

γ µ µ γ λ µ µ λ µ ξ

µ µ λ γ γ λ λ λ µ ξ

γ λ

− + + −

− −

− −

+ + + + + − − −

+ + − − + − − + − + + +=

+ + − + − + + + +2 1

2 1 2 1 1 2 2(1) (2)( ) (1){ ( ) }]]m

B V V B Bµ µ γ µ µ− +

+ + − + +

Expanding the right hand sides of (53) and (54), we have

Page 27: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

57

1( ) 2( 1) 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

2 2 ( 1) ( 1

1 2 2 1 2

0,.

1( 1)

( )( ) ( ) (1 ) [{

( )

j jli l h j l h i j k h l r

j l k h i r

g j k l g j k l

j l j l r j j k ls

l h r i k

p p R R

P s

λ γ

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ ξλ µ µ λµ

+∞ ∞ ∞++ − +− + − + + −+ + −

= = = = = =

− + + +− − + + ++

+ + + + − −

+ + + + + − − − −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

)

1 ( 1) ( 2) 4 ( 1) ( 2) 2

0 0 0

( 2 2)

1 2 1 2

0 0

2

1

}

{ } (2 ) { }]

1( 1) [ ( )( )( )

(1 )

jg j i h k g j i h k i j k g j k l g j k l

j l k

ji l j k l i

i r

R R R R s

j l j k j r

l k r

p

γ λ γ

γ λλ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ

λµ

∞ ∞− − + ++ + + − + ++ + + + + − − + + +− − + + +− −

= = =

∞+ − + −++

= =

− − + − −

+ + − + − + + + + +

− − +

∑∑∑

∑∑( ) ( 1) 2 ( 1) ( 2)

2

3 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 2)

1 2 1 2

( )][{ } { }]

[ ( )] { }] ( )( ) [{ }]

g j l k N g j l k N g j l k g j l k

g j g j k l g j r l g j r l

p R R R R

p R R s R R

λ λ ξ µ γ

λ µ µ γ ξ µ µ λ ξ

− + ++ + − + ++ + + − + ++ + − + ++ +

− − + − − + + − −− − + + ++ − + + ++

+ + − − − − + − − + + + −

(55)

1 1 1

1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

1 1 1 1

1 2

,.

1 1 1( 1)

1

2 [( ) ]

( )

j j kl m m ii l p q h

j l k h r i q p

m i l p q m i l p q l p

m

m m j j l j k m i j k

i j l h k p q

j i l rp

r

P s

λ µ µ λ γ

+ −∞ ∞ ∞ − + −+ + + +

= = = = = = = =

− − + − − − − + + + −

− + + + + − − −

+ + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑∑

(2 1) ( 1 1)

1 2

( 1) ( 1 ) ( 1 1) ( 1 2) ( 1 3)

1 1

0 0 0 0

( )

( ) [{ } { }]

1( 1)

m j i q m i l p

m i k l g j h i p N g j h i p N g j h i p N g j h i p N

j mi l

j l k i

s

s R R R R

m m j j i j i

i j l

µ µ ξ

λ ξ γ

+ − − − − − − + −

− − − − − − + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + + − + + + + + +

+∞ ∞ −+

= = = =

+ + +

+ + − − −

− + + + + −

∑∑∑∑ 1 (2 2)

1

( ) ( ) ( 2) ( 1)

2 1 2 1 2

1 2( 3) 2( 1) 2

0 0 0 0

[2 ( )

( )( )]( ) [{ } {

}] ( 1) [ { (

m i k m j i N

m i l k g j i N g j i N g j i N

j Ng j i N l i j k i

j l k i

k

k

s R R R

j lR p

l

λ γ λ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ µ µ µ µ ξ γ

γ λ µ

− − − − + − − −

− − + + − + + + − + + + + − + + + +

+∞ ∞ +− + + + + + − + + +

= = = =

+ + +

+ + + + + + − −

+ − − −

∑∑∑∑ 2( ) 2

2 1 2

[2( ) 2] 2

1 2 1 2 1 2 1

2 12 2( 1) 2 3 (2 3) 2( ) (2 1)

1 2 1 2

0 0

) }] {(2 )

[( ) ] } [ ( )( )( ) (1 )

( )][{ (2 ) [( ) ] } { (2 )

[(

l i j k i N

j k i N

N ni i N i N n i i n

i i

s p

p s

s

µ µ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν λ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ λµ

λ µ µ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ

λ µ

+ + + − −

− + + − −

− −− + − + − − + − − +

= =

+ −

+ + + + + + + + + + + − −

+ + + + + + + −

+ +

∑ ∑(2 1)

1 2 ) ] }]i nµ ξ ν − − +

+ + +

(56)

Taking the inverse transform of (55) and (56), we have

Page 28: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

58

1( ) 2( 1)

0 0 0 0 0 0

2 2

1 2 2 1 2

0

0,.

1( 1)

( )( )( ) ( ) (1 ) [{( )( 1)

1!

( )

j jli l h j l h i j k h l r

j l k h i r

t

j l j l r j j k l

l h r i k

t wp p g j k l g j k l

P t

λ γ

λ ξ µ λ ξ µ ξλ µ µ λµ

+∞ ∞ ∞+ + − + − + − + + − + +

= = = = = =

+ + + + − −

− + + + + + − − − + + + + + + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

1 1 2 1

1 2 ( ) ( 1) 1 2 ( 1)

4 1

( 2) 1 2 ( 3)

( )( )1

( 2)

( ( ) ) 2 } {( 1) ( ( ) )

2 } (2 ) {( 3)( 1)( ( ) )

2 }]

g j k l g j k l g j i h k

i j k

g j i h k g j k l

t w

g j k l

w I I g j i h k w I

I g j k l g j k l w I

I w e dλ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ γ λ µ µ

λ γ λ µ µ

− − −+ + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + − −+ + + + + + + + −

− + + + −−+ + + −

+ − − + + + + + +

− + + + + − + + + − +

− ( 1)

0 0 0 0 0

( 2 2) 2

1 2 1 2 1 2 ( )

0

2

( 1) ( 1) (

1( 1)

( )[ ( )( )( ) (1 ) ( )] [[{

1!

} {

j ji l j i

j l k i r

t

j k l i

g j l k N

g j l k N g j l k g j

j l j k j rw

l k r

t wp p I

I I I

λ

γ λ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ λµ λ λ ξ µ

γ

∞ ∞ ∞+ − + +

= = = = =

− + − + ++ + + +

+ + + + + + + + + + +

+ + − + − −

−+ + + + + − − + + +

− − −

∑∑∑∑∑

1 2

3

2) 1 2 ( 1) ( 1) 1 2

( 2)( )( )( )

1 2 ( 1) ( 2) 1 2

0

} [ ( )] { }](2 ( ) )

( )( ) [{ }(2 ( ) ) ] ]

( 2)!

l k g j g j

w k lt wu

g j r l g j r l

p I I w

w uI I u e du e dw

k l

λ µ µ ξλ ξ

λ µ µ γ λ µ µ

ξ µ µ λ µ µ

−+ + + − + +

− −− + + + −− +

+ + + + + + + +

− + − + −− + − +

− − ∫

(57)

1 1 1

1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

1 1 1 1 (

1 2

,.

1 1 1( 1)

1

2 [( ) ]

( )

j j kl m m ii l p q h

j l k h r i q p

m i l p q m i l p q l p

m

m m j j l j k m i j k

i j l h k p q

j i l rp

r

P t

λ µ µ λ γ

+ −∞ ∞ ∞ − + −+ + + +

= = = = = = = =

− − + − − − − + + + −

− + + + + − − −

+ + + +

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑∑ ∑

1 2

( 1 2)2 1)

0

( 2)

( 1 ) ( 1 1) ( 1 2) ( 1 3)

0

( )( )( )

1 2

( )[

( 1 2)!

( )[{ } { }]

( 2)!

(2 ( ) ) ] ] ( 1)

t m i l pm j i q

w m i l k

g j h i p N g j h i p N g j h i p N g j h i p N

t wu i

t w

m i l p

w uI I I I

m i l k

u e du e dwµ µ ξλ ξ

γ

λ µ µ

− − + −+ − − −

− − − −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

− + + −− +

− − + −

−− − −

− − − −

+ + −

∫1 1

0 0 0 0

( 1)1 (2 2)

1 2 1 2

0

( ) ( 2) ( 1) (

1

( )[2 ( )( )( )]

( 1)!

[{ } {

j ml

j l k i

t m i l km i k m j i N

g j i N g j i N g j i N g j i N

m m j j i

i j l

j i k t w

k m i l k

I I I I

λ γ λ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ

γ

+∞ ∞ −+

= = = =

− + + −− − − − + − − −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

− + +

+ + −+ + + + +

− + + −

− − −

∑∑∑∑

∫1 2

1 2

( )( )

3) 1 2

1 22( 1) 2

2 1 2

0 0 0 0

( )1 2 2

[2( ) 2] 1 2 1 2 1 1

}](2 ( ) )

( 1) [ { ( ) }] {(2( ) 2)

} [ ( )( )( ) (1 ) (

t w

j Nl i j k i l i

j l k i

t

j k i N

w e dw

j lp j k i N

l

I t e p p

µ µ ξ

λ µ µ ξ

λ µ µ

γ λ µ µ µ

λ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ µ µ λµ λ µ

− + + −

+∞ ∞ ++ − + + + +

= = = =

− + + +−+ + − −

+

+ − − + − + + − −

+ + + + + + − − + +

∑∑∑∑

1 2

2

2 1( )2( 1) 2( ) 1

(2 3) (2 1)

0 0

)]

[{ (2 3) } { (2 1) }]N n

ti n i

i N i n

i i

i N I i n I t eλ µ µ ξ

µ

γ γ− −

− + + +− + − −− + − +

= =

− + − − +

∑ ∑

(58)

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

59

5. MEASURE OF EFFECTIVENESS

Two measures of effectiveness of immediate interest are the expectation ( ) ( )X t

Nµ and

the variance 2

( )( )

X tNσ of the distribution of the number of times the system reaches its capacity

in time interval (0, t].

5(a). Expectation { ( ) ( )X t Nµ }

( )

1

( ) ( ,1; )X s

x

dN H x s

dxµ− −

=

= (59)

Expanding the right hand side of (59), we have 1

2 1 1 2 1 2

0 0 0 1 0 0

(2 ) 2( ) ( 1) ( 1)

1 2

( 1) ( 1) 2

( )

[ ( ) ( )( ) (1 )] ( 1)

1( )

1

{ }( )

j kk li l

j i l p k

j i l j i k k N j i l p

H H

X s

p p

j k j k l l ks

j l p i

R RN

λ µ µ λ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ µ λ µ λ

λ γ µ µ ξ

γµ

+ +∞ ∞+

= = = = =

− + + − − − + + − + − +

− + − − −−

− + + + + + + − − −

+ + + + + + +

− +=

∑∑∑ ∑∑

( 2) ( 3)

2 1

2 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1)

2 1

22( 1) 2 2

2 1 1 2 1 2

0

(2 2)

1 2

{ } [ (1 )( )

( )( )]( ) { }

[ ( )( ) ( )( )][ (2 )

[( ) ]

j i k l N j i k l N

j i l p H H

Ni i N

i

i N

R R p

p s R R

p

s

µ λ λ µ ξ

λ λ ξ µ µ λ ξ

λ µ µ λ µ ξ µ µ λ µ ξ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν

− + + + + + − + + + + +

− − + + − + − −

−− + − +

=

− − +

− + − + ++

+ + + + + −

+ + + + − + +

+ + + + + −

∑1

1 2( ) 2 1 (2 1)

1 2

0

(2 ) [( ) ] ]N

N i i N i N

i

sλ γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν−

− − − − + − − +

=

+ + + + +

(60)

Where H= (j+i+k+l+1) (N+1)

Taking the inverse transform of (60), we have 1

2 1 1 2 1 2

0 0 0 1 0 0

1 1(2 ) 2( ) ( 1)

0 0

( )

[ ( ) ( )( ) (1 )] ( 1)

1 ( ) ( )[

1 ( 1 1)! 1!

[[

( )

j kk li l

j i l p k

t wj i l pj i l j i k k N

X t

p p

j k j k l l k t w w u

j l p i j i l p

N

λ µ µ λ λ µ ξ λ µ ξ µ λ µ λ

λ γ

µ

+ +∞ ∞+

= = = = =

+ − + −− + + − − − + +

− + + + + + + − − −

+ + + + − −

+ − + −

=

∑∑ ∑ ∑∑

∫ ∫

1 2

2

( 1) ( 1) ( 2) ( 3) 2 1 2

( 1 1)2

1 2 1 ( 1) ( 1) 2 1

0

( )( ) (( )( )

{ } { }](2 ( ) ) [ (1 )

( )( ) ( )( )] [{ }(2 ( ) )

( 1 1)!

] ] ]

H H j i k l N j i k l N

u j i l p

H H

w uu v

I I I I u p

u vp I I

j i l p

e dv e du eλ µ µ ξ µλ ξ

γ λ µ µ µ λ

λ µ ξ λ λ ξ µ µ λ µ µ ν

−+ − + + + + + + + + + +

− + + −

+ −

− + + + − −− + −

− + − + + −

−+ + + + + − +

− + + −∫1 2

1 2

)( )

2 1 1

2 12( 1) 1 2( )

2 1 2 2 2 2 1

0 0

( )1

[ ( )( )

( )( )][{ (2 2) } { (2 1) }

]

t w

N Ni N i

i N i N

i i

t

dw p

i N I i N I

t e

µ ξ

µ µ ξ

λ µ µ λ µ ξ

µ µ λ µ ξ γ λ γ

+ + −

− −− + − − −

− + − += =

− + +−

+ + + + + − + + − + − − +

∑ ∑

(61)

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International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

60

5(b). Variance {2

( )( )

X tNσ }

2

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )[1 ( )]

X t X t X tN K t N Nσ µ µ= + −

(62)

Where

,.

2

( ) ( 1) ( )m

m

K t m m P t∞

=

= −∑

Therefore, to find the value of variance, it suffices to calculate the first term on right hand

side of (62) since expectation has already been obtained in (61).Now Laplace transform of

K(t) is 2

21

( ) ( ,1; )x

dK s H x s

dx

− −

=

= (63)

Expanding the right hand side of (63), we have

2

2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2

1( )

0 0 0 0 0 1 0

(2( ) 1( 1) 1

[ ( ){( )(1 ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )]

1 1 1 1( 1)

1

( )

j i lk l h j i k l

j l k h i p

k i l p N

p

i j i j l i j l p

i j l h k p

Ks

λλ ξ µ µ µ µ λ µµ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

λ

γ

+∞ ∞ ∞+ + − + + +

= = = = = =

− + + + + +

+ − − + + − + + + + + +

+ + + + + + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 1 ( 1)

1 2

( 2) ( 2) ( 1) ( 2)

1 2 1 2

3 2 {2( 1) 1}{ 1} {2( 1) 1}{

0

( ) [{ } {

} ( ) [{ }]] 2( )( )

( ) ( 1) [{

j i k p v v j i k l N

j i k l N j i N v v N

l N k N k

k

s R R R

R s R R s

is R R

h

µ µ ξ γ

λ ξ µ µ µ µ ξ

λ ξ γ

− + + + − − − + − − + + + + +

− + + + + + − + + − + + − + +

∞− + + + − + −

=

+ + + − − −

+ + + − + + + + +

+ + − −

∑ 1}

1

0 0

22( 1) 2 2

2 1 2 2 1

0

1(2 2) 2( ) 2 1 (2 1)

1 2 1 2

0

}] [( )( )

( ) ( ) (1 )( )][{ (2 )

[( ) ] } (2 ) [( ) ] ]

iN

j l

Ni i N

i

Ni N N i i N i N

i

p p

s s

λ ξ λ ξ µ

λ ξ µ λµ λ ξ µ λµ λ ξ µ γ λ

λ µ µ ξ ν γ λ λ µ µ ξ ν

∞+

= =

−− + − +

=

−− − + − − − + − − +

=

+ + + +

+ + − + + − − + +

+ + + + + − + + + + +

∑∑

(64)

Where v = [{2(j+k+l+1) +i+p1} (N+1)]

Taking the Inverse Laplace transform of (64), we have

Page 31: Distribution of the number of times m m 2 n

International Journal of Management Research and Development (IJMRD) ISSN 2248-

938X (Print), ISSN 2248-9398 (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, April - May (2013)

61

2

2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2

1( )

0 0 0 0 0 1 0

(2( ) 1( 1) 1)

[ ( ){( )(1 ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )]

1 1 1 1( 1)

1

( )

j i lk l h j i k l

j l k h i p

k i l p N

p

i j i j l i j l p

i j l h k p

K t

λ λ ξ µ µ µ µ λ µµ λ ξ λ ξ µ λ ξ µ

λ

γ

+∞ ∞ ∞+ + − + + +

= = = = = =

− + + + + +

+ − − + + − + + + + + +

+ + + + + + −

=

∑∑∑∑∑∑

1 2 1 2

( 1 1)1

( 1) ( 1) ( 1)

0

( 1)

( 2) 1 2 ( 1) ( 2) 1 2

0

( ) ( )( )( )

( )[[{ } {

( 1 1)!

( )}](2 ( ) ) [{ }(2 ( ) )

( 1)!

] ] ]

t j i k p

v v j i k l N

w j i

j i k l N N v v N

w t wu

t wI I I

j i k p

w uI w I I u

j i

e du e e dwλ µ µ ξ µ µ ξλ ξ

γ

λ µ µ λ µ µ

+ + + −−

− + + + + + +

+ +

+ + + + + + + + +

− + + + − + + −− +

−− − −

+ + + −

−+ + − +

+ +

+

1 2

2

1 2

0 0 0 0

1 2

( )1 1 ( )( )

1 2 {2( 1) 1}{ 1} {2( 1) 1}{ 1}

[2( )] ( 1) ( )

[{2 ( )( )][[{{2( 1) 1}{ 1}][{2( 1) 1}{ 1} 1]

( ( ) ) 2 }] ]

[( )(

til N

j l k

w t w

k N k N

it w

h

t w k N k N

w I I w e e dwλ µ µ ξ λ ξ

µ µ γ

µ µ ξ

λ µ µ

λ ξ λ ξ µ

∞ ∞

= = =

− + + +− − − + −+ + + + − +

+ − −

+ + + − + + + + + + −

+ − +

+ + +

∑∑∑ ∫

1 2

1 2 1 2 2 1

2 1( )2( 1) 2( ) 1

(2 2) (2 1)

0 0

)( ) ( ) (1 )( )]

[{ (2 2) } (2 1) ]N N

ti N i

i N i N

i i

p p

i N I i N I t eλ µ µ ξ

λ ξ µ λµ λ ξ µ λµ λ ξ µ

γ γ− −

− + + +− + − − −− + − +

= =

+ + − + + − − + +

− + − − +

∑ ∑

(65)

REFERENCES

1. B.K.Kumar and S.P.Madheswari, “Transient solution of an M/M/2 queue with

Heterogeneou servers subject to Catastrophes,” information and management

science, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.63-80, 2007.

2. D.V.Widder (1946), “The Laplace Transform”, Princeton Mathematical Series.

3. Di Crescenzo, A; Giorno, V and Ricciardi, L.M. (2003). “On the M/M/1 queue with

Catastrophes and its continuous Approximation,” Queueing systems, 43,329-347.

4. Erdelyi, A, W.Magnus, F.Oberhettinger and F.G.Tricomi (1954),”Table of Integral

Transform”,Vol.1, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.

5. G.N.Watson, Sc.D, F.R.S. (1959), “A Treatise on the Theory of Bessel Function”,

2nd Edition, Cambridge Uni. Press.

6. S.P.Madheswari and B.K.Kumar, “An M/M/2 queueing system with heterogeneous

Servers and multiple vacations,” Mathematical and Computing modeling, 13(41),

Pp.1415-1429, 2005.