distributed power: responsible wellbeing for smart microgrids
TRANSCRIPT
Distributed Power:Responsible Wellbeing for Smart Microgrids
Encuentro de Constituyentes de EnergíaInstituto Nacional de Energía Sostenible Isleña
Universidad de Puerto Rico11 – agosto – 2016
Marcel J. Castro SitiricheColegio de Ingeniería, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez
Is technology neutral?Write down:
• YES or NO
• WHY?
P
Neutrality of Technology•Technology could be used for good or for bad
•Technology changes the way we live
•Technology is NOT neutral
Technology is not Neutral•Technology is changing our lives
•We need to know our role in social change
•We need to assume responsibility in society
P
Toa Alta: Boriquén
Photo credit: marcel
Toa Alta: Boriquén
Photo credit: marcel
Mayagüez: Boriquén
Photo credit: marcel
Duchity: Ayití
Photo credit: marcel
Arumeru, Tanzania - 2014
Photo credit: marcel
Arumeru ahoraArumeru, Tanzania - 2016
Photo credit: marcel
El Coqui
THE GOOD LIFEWrite down:
• What is a good life?
• What makes life good?
P
sumak kawsay suma qamaña
The Good Life: Alternative to the Development Narrative
• Quechua - Ecuador: sumak kawsay• Human Rights
• Aymara - Bolivia: suma qamaña• Ethic and Moral Principles
• Alternative Development -> an Alternative to Development
Gudynas and Acosta 2011; La renovación de la crítica al desarrollo y el buen vivir como alternativa
Responsible Wellbeing and Threshold Hypothesis: Wellbeing vs Consumption
(a)
Consumption
We
llbe
ing
Region 1
Povertysumakkawsay
Affluence(excess)
Region 2 Region 3
(b)
Chambers, R. (1997), Editorial: Responsible well-being – a personal agenda for development. World Development 25: 1743–1754.
Point (a): minimum necessary
Max-Neef, M. (1995), Economic growth and quality of life: a threshold hypothesis, Ecological Economics, 15, 115–118.
appropriatetechnology
responsiblewellbeing
Point (b): threshold hypothesis
human development
Adapted from: Castro-Sitiriche, Marcel J., Jonathan Ozik; “Rural Electrification Pathways to Wellbeing”, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of Appropriate Technology: Knowledge and Technology Transfer Session, Nairobi, Kenya, pages 54-63, November 2014
Quality of Life Enabled by Rural Electrification: Wellbeing vs Consumption
(a)Annual kWh per capita
Hap
py
Life
Yea
rs (
HLY
)
Region 1
Povertysumakkawsay
Affluence(excess)
Region 2 Region 3
(b)
Point (a): minimum necessary levelPoint (b): threshold hypothesis level
(i) (ii)
Point (i): absolute minimum as basic human rightPoint (ii): target level
60 kWh400 kWh
2,000 kWh?
39.1 HLY
62.6 HLY
50.8 HLY
79.3 LE7.3 LS
66.7 LE4.6 LS
71.2 LE6.3 LS
Happy Life Years – HLYLife Expectancy – LE Life Satisfaction – LS
HLY = LE x LS/10
Adapted from: Castro-Sitiriche, Marcel J., Luis Jiménez-Rodríguez; (2014) "Responsible Wellbeing and Energy Threshold". ETHOS Gubernamental: Revista del Centro para el Desarrollo del Pensamiento Ético, Oficina de Ética Gubernamental, No. VII, San Juan, Puerto Rico, pp. 64-126, June 2014.
Energy Development Index Countries
49.245.4
43.5
38.537.4
34.6
30.9
28.2
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
55.0
60.0
65.0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
Hap
py
Life
Ye
ars
Average Yearly Per-Capita Electric Energy Consumption (kWh)
Happy Life Years vs Per-Capital Electricity Consumption
79.3 LE7.3 LS
66.7 LE4.6 LS
71.2 LE6.3 LS
Level 2
AppropriateTechnology
Level 1 Level 360 kWh
400 kWh2,000 kWh
Level 1: basic human right 39.1 - Madagascar
Level 2: minimum necessary 50.8 - Guatemala
Level 3: target level 62.6 - Costa Rica
Happy Life Years – HLYLife Expectancy – LE Life Satisfaction – LS
HLY = LE x LS/10
Poverty sumak kawsay
PAdapted from: Castro-Sitiriche, Marcel J., Luis Jiménez-Rodríguez; (2014) "Responsible Wellbeing and Energy Threshold". ETHOS Gubernamental: Revista del Centro para el Desarrollo del Pensamiento Ético, Oficina de Ética Gubernamental, No. VII, San Juan, Puerto Rico, pp. 64-126, June 2014.
Source - http://www.netanir.ir/upload/image/distributed-generation.jpg
Distributed Generation - Smart Grid
Distributed Generation - Smart Grid
.
Possible Paths
• Improve central control• Large renewable energy projects• Government lead
• Enable energy transactions in the grid• Residential renewable energy projects• Community lead
[email protected] of Puerto Rico in MayagüezCenter for Hemispherical Cooperation in Research and Education in Engineering and Applied Science
[email protected] Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology
Sponsored by the: Fulbright Scholarship 2014-2015, Sabbatical , CRWS NSF Project Grant #1449489