- . L _, - - o , .. .- -------.- i

AD-759 115

ATLAS OF GOAT ANATOMY. PART Ill. MYOLOGY

Clarence E. Hopkins, et al

Edgewood ArsenalEdgewood, Maryland

April 1973

I

DISTRIBUTED BY:

National Technical Information ServiceU, S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield Va. 22151

I IIl I

AD

EDGEWOOD ARSENALTECHNICAL REPORT

EATR 4706

ATLAS OF GOAT ANATOMY

PART III: M.YOLOGY

by

Clarence E. Hopkins, Sr.

Thomas E. Hamm, Jr., CPT, VC

Gary L. Leppart

Biomedical Laboratory

D IDC

April 1973 MAY 1 1J fl

Reproduced by

NATIONAL TECHNICALINFORMATION SERVICE

U S Department of CommerceSpringfleld VA 22151

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYHeadquarters, Edgewood Arsenal

Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010Approved for public release; distributio . unlimited.

!,g

- - --- - - - - ll I . .. " ' -"-

4

i l l t kg j jo ........ .. ................ .

Disclaimer

The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Department of theArmy position unless so designated by other authorized documents.

Disposition

Destroy this report when it is no longer needed. Do not return it to the originator.

1

IlII

- - - - --........ ----. ,-----

UNCLASSI F IEDSecurity Classification

DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA.- R &-D(Security Classification of tilfe, body of abstract and Indexing annotation musl be enterted when tho overall repot Is classulle

I-.ORIGINATING ACTIVITY (Corporate author) 20. REPORT sCURITrY CLASSIFICATIONCommander, Edgewood Arsenal UNCLASSIFIEDAttn: SMUEA-BL-BB 2b. GROUP

Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010 NA3. REPORT TITLE

ATLAS OF GOAT ANATOMY. PART III: MYOLOGY

4. DESCRIPTIVE NOTES (Type of report and lnctuelve date&)

This work was started in July 197 i and comp~leted in August 1972.S. AUTHOR(S) (Fife InaKo. iddle Iniltil, laat name)

Clarence E. Hopkins, Sr., Thomas E. Hamm, and Gary L. Leppart

6. REPORT DATE 7&. TOTAL NO. OF PACE 7b. NO. Of fthFS

April 1973 _______________39 6e.CONTRACT OR GRANT NO. S.ORIGINATOR'S RE.PORT NUMV)ERIS)

h. PROJECT NO. 1TO6I1OIA91AIS EATR 4706

C. S9b. OTHER REPORT NOMS (Any oterc r bota Meat PAW be aect nedthie report)

d.

10. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 1-kPNOIGMILITARY ACTIVITY

In-house laboratory independent research 1 2~OSRN

13. ABSTRACT

~~The Angora goat (Capra Ijircus) has been the main experimental animal used bv the BiophysicsDivision for many years. Knowledge of goat anatomy is important during both the plail., ,:g and experimentalstages of projects. Because no readily usable information on goat anatomy is available, a series of reports onthe subject is being prepared. The first in the series described the skeletal anatomy. The second in the seriesdescribed the anatomy of serial cross sections. The present report, Part III, Myology, describes the muscleson superficial and deep dissection of the head, neck, and pector and pelvic limbs. Part IV, Internal Organs,which will describe the major organs and its structures, is near *mpletion.

14. KEYWORDS

MyologyGoat Atlas

Superficial dissectionDeep dissectonHeadNeck

4 ThoracicPectoral limbsPelvic limbsMusculature

AinI~~ 1415.. JAN d ~P*M TV .411473g U P0 ADrMY USI UNCLASSIFIED

4,tit /isicto

EDGEWOOD ARSENAL TECHNICAL REPORT

EATR 4704

JI

ATLAS OF GOAT ANATOMY

PART III: MYOLOGY

by

Clarence E. Hopkins, Sr.Thomas E. Hamm, Jr., CPT, VC

Gary L. Leppart

Biophysics DiisionBiomedical Laboratory

*April 1973

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

Task 1T061101A91 AIS

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYHeadquarters, Edgewood Arsenal

Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010

" ....I

FOREWORD

The work described in this report was authorized under Task I T061101 A9 1 AI,In-House Laboratory Independent Research. This work was started in July 1971 and completed inAugust 1972.

In conducting the research described in this report, the investigators adhered to the"Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care," as promulgated by the Committee on the Guidefor Laboratory Animal Resources, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council.

Reproduction of tiis document in whole or in part is prohibited except withpermission of the Commander, Edgewood Arsenal, Attn: SMUEA-TS-R, Aberdeen Proving Ground,Maryland 21010; however, DDC and the National Technical Information Service are authorized toreproduce the document for US Governnent purposes.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of John Holter, JosephB. Scott, and Garnet Affleck, Jr., Biophysics Division, who performed the photographicprocedures.

2

L _

CONTENTS

Page

I. INTRODUCTION .......... ....................... 7

I. MATERIALS AND METHODS ....... ................ 7

Ill. SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP DISSECTIONS ...... .............. 9

LITERATURE CITED ....... ...................... ... 35

DISTRIBUTION LIST ....... ...................... ... 37

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

I Goat Suspended in Metal Frame ....... ................... 7

2 Superficial Musculature of the Domestic Goat (Left Lateral View) ......... 9

3 Superficial Dissection of Face (Left Lateral View) ..... ............ 10

4 Deeper Dissection of Face (Left Lateral View) ..... ............. 11

5 Deepest Dissection of Face (Left Lateral View) ..... ............. 12

6 Superficial Dissection of Neck and Thoracic Region (Right Lateral View) . . 13

7 Deep Dissection of Neck and Thoracic Region (M Trapezius and M Brachio-cephalicus Removed) (Right Lateral View) ...... .............. 14

8 Deeper Dissection of Neck and Thoracic Region (Right Lateral View) .... 15

9 Deeper Dissection of Neck and Thoracic Region (Right Lateral View) .... 16

$ 10 Deepest Dissection of Neck and Thoracic Region (Right Lateral View) .... 17

11 Superficial Dissection of Head and Neck (Ventral Aspect) .... ......... 18

12 Deeper Dissection of Head and Neck (Ventral Aspect) .... .......... !9

13 Deepest Dissection of Head and Neck (Ventral Aspect) ............ ... 20

14 Superficial Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Medial View) .......... ... 21

5t

CONTENTS (Contd)gure Page

15 Deep Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Medial View) ............ .... 22

16 Deeper Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Medial View) .. ......... ... 23

17 Deeper Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Medial View) .... .... ..... 24

18 Deepest Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Medial View) .... ......... 25

19 Superficial Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Lateral View) . ..... 26

20 Deeper Dissection of Right Pectoral Limb (Lateral View) .......... .... 27

21 Superficial Dissection of Left Pelvic Limb (Medial View) .. ......... ... 28

22 Deep Dissection of Left Pelvic Limb (Medial View) ... ......... 29

23 Deeper Dissection (Still) of Left Pelvic Limb (Medial View) .... ........ 30

24 Deepest Dissection of Left Pelvic Limb (Medial View) .. .......... ... 31

25 Superficial Dissection of Left Pelvic Limb (Lateral View) .......... .... 32

26 Deeper Dissection of Left Pelvic Limb (Lateral View) .............. ... 33

27 Deepest Dissection of Left Pelvic Limb (Lateral'View) ..... .......... 34

6

6

_____+___-__, _ ___r, - ... . ..- - - . -. . v+ "

ATLAS OF GOAT ANATOMY

PART III: MYOLOGY

I. INTRODUCTION.

The Angora goat (Capra hircus) has been the main experimental animal u- d by theBiophysics Division, Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland, for many years. Knowledge of goat anatomy isimportant during both the planning and experimental stages of projects. Because no readily usableinformation on goat anatomy is available, a series of reports on the subject is being prepared. Thefirst in the series I described the skeletal anatomy. The second in the series2 described the crosssections of the Angora goat. The present report concerns the muscles on superficial and deepdissection of the head, neck, and pectoral and pelvic limbs of the Angora goat. Part IV, InternalOrgans, which will describe the structures'of each organ, is near completion.

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS.

Three castrated Angora goats were used for dissecting purposes. Each goat wasanesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The goat was then suspended in a metal frame by ropesattached to the horns, tail, and nuchal ligaments with its feet just touching the floor of the frame(figure 1). This was done so that the goat would not be distorted. 2

Figure 1. Goat Suspended in Metal Frame

1 Hopkins, Circnc E., Sr., Hamm, Thomas, E., Jr., and Leppart, Gary L. EATR 4431. Atlas of Goat Anatomy. Part

:I Osteology. September 1970. UNCLASSIFIED Report.2 Hopkins, Clarence E., Sr., Hamm, Thomas E., Jr., and Leppart, Gary L. EATR 4626. Atlas of Goat Anatomy. Part II: Serial

Cross Sections. April 1972. UNCLASSIFIED Repert.

7

'The goat was then exsanguinated through a polyethylene cannula (0.106-inch ID)placed in the carotid artery. The body was perfused with 12,000 ml of formalin solution passingthrough a gravity flow system from a stand 10 feet above the floor. This fluid was allowed to flowslowly through the system until the exiting fluid had a distinct odor of formalin.

The goat remained in the frame at room temperature until the next day. At that timethe animal was dissected. After the skin was removed, each muscle was dissectc,l and drawn. A totalof 26 drawings was made while the dissection was taking place (figures 2 through 27).

The nomenclature prescribed in Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria3 was used for labelingthe drawings. The anatomy books of Sisson and Grossman4 and May5 and the excellent book byMiller et a. 6 were also used as references during preparation of this atlas.

.1

3 Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria. Deparlment of Anatomy, New York State Veterinary College, Ithaca, New York. 1968.4 Sisson, S., and Grossman, 1. D. Anatomy of Domestic Animals. 4th Ed. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1953.5 May, N. Anatomy of Sheep. 2d Ed. University of Queensland Press, Wilke Company, Australia. 1964.6 Miller, M. E., Christensen, G. C., and Evans, H. E. Anatomy of Dog. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania. 1964.

8

II. SUPE~RFICIAL AND DEEP DISSECTIONS.

Z

r, -

4 0

46

- 40

030

z uo

0 J0

0 3

0 0O

o E 0 "

g 0 -v

o 9

41

41

09\ " s l f

*4 0

10

L - -. - - -

0

4.

4-0

-001LLP

-~3.- ~ - - ---- -,--- -- L

z

-6 8

0' 0

qi.iw

0~~

44

r,

120

4Aus~

464-

xn 0 0O 4

0 U II

- zan in m

4 4A

00

aI0u

13c

F Uus

I-E

0

CU 0Lu 0

4eUv

00

00

141

~ -~. - 6.

3E 3E -z- ~

0 ru o

U o C

.- 4t 0

5- 06

a'p0

00

o 00

u 4n

C. aj

pi,~C) E

-~t0

Ak 01,

d, 0

4'

It -

uJ w411-w

0

I-

:E

16

> us

tf

011

dW -

0

at

C6C

C6C

- z4c 01S e Z I0' 0 iiw c

0- die

av- .-. >

WA ZJI. 'K

V)

-ar0 zw

00>- 0

0 0z 0.

2: a:

4n

z

4

-Fd

0)

Z 0

190

a- I

0 I

ae 0-0-zU

oo~

C)>

02

4aU'

06

0

~0

E

0I-o ~ 0

'. C, C.)C)

4. ~

Li ~. .4-.'S -

Li .~.

0*~~

U-

4?Li Li U

C-.a-.C)0.

(#2

Li

C)a-.

4.

0C'

'S

4'

U 79

tn

0

000

A.l

ot

-T.

22.

,y- F - - ~1EUW

00

-,-

UoUx

I4n

aa

0U A

/1 Li 4cJ.II~~uI w

,MJ~nh~w, a X

IJIII~ ~' I23

00

IE,

Co'

to

CIx;

42

sK"

0

4(

UA 0'Il

in-

UU

U00

0--

X..wU

25

141

- CIS

U 0

oro 0

IIt

% 0

26

44

a0

cc;

0

0

zI

27

- IL

0

Q4~~ F-

404

*0~

Enc

#0 .

0 Z0so

-ac

L

280

#0

#0 w

00

4,I_,

0 u0

3 00#0 0

0 a.

o2>

100%x

100000

.j

0,

L.00s kio.w. a

'b t' >no 73

2 =0

mI

0C

30)

z

0.

OPO '10-0

01

co 0

0 31

00

14*)

00

0 0

4,.;

'I32

0z

o- 0 0 V-

x o.

00

00>

C2,

33

00

zz

0.

- "I

CLC

oo4Q-

41)00

C,)at-

0. 00 0

z-' 0

34

LITERATURE CITED

I. Hopkins, Clarence E., Sr., Hamm, Thomas E., Jr., and Leppart, Gary. L.

EATR 4431. Atlas of Goat Anatomy. Part I: Osteology. September 1970. UNCLASSIFIED

Report.

17 Hopkins, Clarence E., Sr., Hamm, Thomas E., Jr., and Leppart, Gary L.EATR 4626. Atlas of Goat Anatomy. Part II: Srial Cross Sections. April 1972.

UNCLASSIFIED Report.

3. Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria. Departmert of Anatomy, New York State

Veterinary College, Ithaca, New York. 1968.

4. Sisson, S., and Grossman, J. D. Anatomy of Domestic Animals. 4th Ed.

W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1953.

5.. May, N. Anatomy of Sheep. 2d Ed. University of Queensland Press, Wilke

Company, Australia. 1964.

6. Miller, M. E., Christensen, G. C., and Evans, H. E. Anatomy of Dog.

W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1964.

35