Diseases Caused by Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria and Viruses

Section 19-3 Section 19-3

This section describes bacterial and This section describes bacterial and viral diseases. viral diseases.

Bacterial Disease in Bacterial Disease in Humans Humans

What are What are pathogens? pathogens?

They are disease-causing They are disease-causing agents. agents.

Bacterial Disease in Bacterial Disease in HumansHumans

What are the two general ways that What are the two general ways that bacteria cause disease? bacteria cause disease?

Some damage the tissues of the Some damage the tissues of the infected organism directly by infected organism directly by breaking them down for food. breaking them down for food.

Others release toxins that harm the Others release toxins that harm the body. body.

Bacterial Disease in Bacterial Disease in HumansHumans

What kind of tissue do the What kind of tissue do the bacteria that cause tuberculosis bacteria that cause tuberculosis break down? break down?

They break down lung tissue. They break down lung tissue.

Bacterial Disease in Bacterial Disease in HumansHumans

What are antibiotics?What are antibiotics?

They are compounds that They are compounds that block the growth and block the growth and reproduction of bacteria.reproduction of bacteria.

Bacterial Disease in Bacterial Disease in HumansHumans

What is one of the major reasons for the What is one of the major reasons for the dramatic increase in life expectancy dramatic increase in life expectancy during the past two centuries? during the past two centuries?

There is an increased understanding There is an increased understanding of how to prevent and cure bacterial of how to prevent and cure bacterial infections. infections.

Controlling Bacteria Controlling Bacteria

What is sterilization?What is sterilization?

It is a way of destroying all It is a way of destroying all bacteria by subjecting them bacteria by subjecting them to great heat. to great heat.

Controlling Bacteria Controlling Bacteria

A chemical solution that kills pathogenic A chemical solution that kills pathogenic bacteria is called a(an) _____.bacteria is called a(an) _____.

disinfectantdisinfectant

Controlling BacteriaControlling Bacteria

Why will food stored at low Why will food stored at low temperatures keep longer?temperatures keep longer?

The bacteria in the food will The bacteria in the food will taketake much longer to multiplymuch longer to multiply. .

Controlling BacteriaControlling Bacteria

How can food be preserved How can food be preserved through canning?through canning?

This method involves heating food to This method involves heating food to a high temperature and then a high temperature and then immediately placing it into sterile immediately placing it into sterile glass jars or metal cans and sealing glass jars or metal cans and sealing the container. the container.

Controlling BacteriaControlling Bacteria

What everyday chemicals can be used to What everyday chemicals can be used to inhibit the growth of bacteria in food? inhibit the growth of bacteria in food?

They include salt, vinegar, and They include salt, vinegar, and sugar. sugar.

Viral Disease in Humans Viral Disease in Humans

What are some human diseases that What are some human diseases that viruses cause? viruses cause?

Viruses cause polio, measles, aids,Viruses cause polio, measles, aids,

mumps, influenza, yellow fever, mumps, influenza, yellow fever, smallpox, the common cold, and smallpox, the common cold, and many other diseases. many other diseases.

Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria and Viruses

Viral Disease in AnimalsViral Disease in Animals

Cancer-causing viruses are known as_____.Cancer-causing viruses are known as_____.

oncogenic viruses oncogenic viruses

Bacteria and VirusesBacteria and Viruses

Viroids and PrionsViroids and Prions

A disease-causing particle that contains only A disease-causing particle that contains only protein and not DNA or RNA is called protein and not DNA or RNA is called a(an)_____.a(an)_____.

prionprion

WordWise WordWise

What is the viral DNA that is embedded What is the viral DNA that is embedded in a host’s DNA? in a host’s DNA?

prophage prophage

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is a rod-shaped bacterium? What is a rod-shaped bacterium?

bbacillus acillus

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is a compound that blocks the What is a compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria? growth and reproduction of bacteria?

antibiotiantibiotic c

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is a virus that infects bacteria? What is a virus that infects bacteria?

bacteriophagbacteriophage e

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is a prokaryote that can capture What is a prokaryote that can capture sunlight for energy but also needs sunlight for energy but also needs organic compounds for nutrition? organic compounds for nutrition?

photoheterotropphotoheterotroph h

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is the exchange of genetic What is the exchange of genetic information that occurs from one information that occurs from one bacterium to another through a hollow bacterium to another through a hollow bridge? bridge?

conjugation conjugation

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is a virus that contains RNA as its What is a virus that contains RNA as its genetic information? genetic information?

rretrovirus etrovirus

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

What is the process in which nitrogen is What is the process in which nitrogen is converted into a form plants can use? converted into a form plants can use?

nitrogen nitrogen fixation fixation

BACTERIA AND VIRUSESBACTERIA AND VIRUSES

Hidden Word: Hidden Word: pathogen pathogen

Definition: Definition: A disease-causing A disease-causing agent agent