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O r g a n iz a t io n N a m e P ro po s a l T i t l e
1
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES Centre for New European Research
21st Century COE Programme, Hitotsubashi University
026
April 2007
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1
1204 61
*
1204 4 1204
1261
1
1204
1
1081 1118 1092/93
5 42
* “Propaganda and Denominations of the Byzantine Successor States and the
Crusader States (1204-1261): An Essay on the Political History of the Empire in Exile”,
Mediterranean World, 18 (2006), pp.197-209. 1 G
2001 545 609 2 M. F. Hendy, Coinage and Money in the Byzantine Empire, 1081-1261, Washington D.C., 1969.
Idem, Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and the Whittemore
Collection: Vol.4, Alexius I to Michael VIII, 1081-1261, Washington D.C., 1999. C. Morrisson,
“Byzantine Money: Its Production and Circulation”, in The Economic History of Byzantium, ed. A.
E. Laiou, Washington D.C., 2002, pp.909-966.
12
4.3g 87
4.3g 10 30 4.3g
6 2 4g 2g 1:3:48:288 864?:576
1728? Hendy, Catalogue, p.51. Morrisson, “Byzantine Money”,
p.924.
2
3
4
1
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
______ _ _ _ _ ___
______ _ _ _ _ _
_________ _ _ _ _
_____ ___ _ _ _ _
_________ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
____ _ _ _ _ _
____ _ _ _ _ _
_1224_ 46__
_1205_ 24__
_ 2________
1
513
12
6
1224 46
1205 24 12
2
3 V. Penna, Byzantine Coinage, Medium of Transaction and Manifestation of
Imperial Propaganda, Nicosia, 2002. 4 A. M. Stahl, “Coinage and Money in the Latin Empire of Constantinople”, Dumbarton Oaks
Papers, 55 (2001), pp.197-206. A. Laiou, “Use and Circulation of Coins in the Despotate of
Epiros”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 55 (2001), pp.207-215. 5 Hendy, Catalogue, p.52, Table 3
1
ibid., p.664 6 1204 1304 (~4.3g,
75~50% Au) : (~4.3g, ~95% Ag) :
(~4.3g) : (~2.2g) = 1 : (12) : (288) : (576) Morrisson,
“Byzantine Money”, p.925.
3
1 3 1
7
2
3 12
8
3
91
3
1. 1204 1230
1 1204 05
10
7 Hendy Catalogue, pp.52-53.
8 A. E. Laiou, “Byzantine Trade with Christians and the Muslims and the Crusades”, in
The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World, ed. idem, Washington
D.C., 2001, pp.157-196. 9 Hendy, Catalogue, pp.635-638.
ibid., pp.648-650. 10
G 4
2003 J. Longnon, L’empire latin de Constantinople et la principauté de
Morée, Paris, 1949. A History of the Crusades, vol.2, ed. K. Setton, Madison, 1969.
4
2 1205 4
1197 1207
1207 1
1206 16
1207 24
11
1205
1192 1205 1207
3
3 1195 1203
1208
1211 1 1205 1208 21
3
1
1
11
P. Lock, The Franks in the Aegean, 1204-1500, London, 1995. W. Miller, The Latins in the
Levant: a history of Frankish Greece (1204-1566), London, 1908. J. Longnon, “The Frankish
States in Greece, 1204-1311”, in A History of the Crusades, vol.2, pp.234-275.
5
12
2 1185 95 3
1 1204
1513
4 1
1183 85
14
1216 1
1216
1216 19
1221 28 2 1228 61
2
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
_____ ___ _ _ _ _
_________ _ _ _ _
_1205_ 24__
215
12
M. Angold, A Byzantine Government in Exile, Oxford, 1975. 13
D. M. Nicol, The Despotate of Epiros, Oxford, 1957. 1267 idem, The
Despotate of Epiros, 1267-1479, Cambridge, 1984. 14
W. Miller, Trebizond: The Last Greek Empire, London, 1926. A. Bryer, The Empire of
Trebizond and the Pontos, London, 1980. 15
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.664-667,
pp.673-690. ibid., pp,668-669, pp.690-694.
ibid., pp.80-88,
pp.661-669. ibid., pp.670-672, pp.694-697.
6
16
14 La pratica
della mercatura perperi latini d’oro
17
181224
1 1215
1215 30 1216
1224 2
1227
1227 30
1230
2
2 1236 68
16
A. M. Stahl, “Coinage and Money”, pp.197-206. G. Schlumberger, Numismatique de l’Orient
latin, Paris, 1878; repr. Graz, 1954, p.274. 17
F. B. Pegolotti, La pratica della mercatura, ed. A. Evans, Cambridge, 1936, pp.288-289. 18
Hendy, Catalogue, p.53, pp.475-477, pp.661-663.
7
3-119
20
2
2 2
3 2
3
21
3-1
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
_ _ _ _ ____________
______
_ _ _ _ ____________
_____
_ _ _ _ ____________
_ _ _ _ ____________
_ _ _ _ _______
____ 1_
_1204___ 15___
_1215___ 30__
_1230__ 36___
____ 2_
_1236___ 68___
__________ 3_
____ 2_______
______ 1248__
3-2 1242
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
______
_ _ _ _ ____________
_____
_ _ _ _ ____________
_____
_ _ _ _ ____________
_______
_ _ _ _ ____________
_1225_ 30__
_1230_ 37__
_1237_ 44__
_1244_ 46__
3-2 1242
2212
19
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.621-631. 20
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.627-631. 21
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.625-626. pp.630-631. 22
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.543-600. C. Morrisson, “The Emperor”, pp.173-203.
8
23
4
2 1246
2. 1230 1261
123024
1204
1207
10
2 1218 41 2
1230
1230 2
2
4
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
_ _ _ _ _
_____________ _ _ _ _
____ 2____
_1218_ 41__
_1257_ 77__
4
252
23
2 S. Bendall,
“A Comment on the Coinage of John Comnenus-Ducas (1237-1244) in the Light of a New
Discovery”, Numismatic Circular, 113-5 (2005), pp.312-314. 24
1227 Hendy, Catalogue,
pp.473-475. 2 1230 ibid., pp.639-641. 25
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.639-647. ibid., pp.67-80,
pp.435-443.
9
261257 77
2
2 1827
20 1/2
=85.42% 1204 83.23% =20
282
2
2
1
1 1221
3 1221 54 1225
1230 13
1246
2 3
1240
3 1254 2 1254 58
4
1258 61
8 1258 82
5-129
1210 1211 12
26
Morrisson, “The Emperor”, p.188. 27
Hendy, Catalogue, p.641. 24
28
C. Morrisson, C. Brenot, J-P. Callu, J-N. Barrandon, J. Poirier, R. Halleux, L’or monnayé I:
purification et altérations de Rome à Byzance, Paris, 1985. 29
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.447-540.
10
301
3 4
3
4
5-1
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
_ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
_____ 1______
_1205_ 21__
____ 3______
_1221_ 54__
_____ 2______
_1254_ 58__
____ 8________
_1258_ 61__
5-2
______ ______ Morrisson et al. "Proton"
______
____ ________
______ ______ ___ ______
16
perperi ingiallati 18
70.2 16.85
perperi latini 16 1/2perperi comunali 16 3/4
perperi buoni +16 2/3perperi d’un’ altra ragione -16 2/3perperi d’un’ altra ragione -16 2/3
_ _ 71.4 17.1
15 perperi paglialoccati 15 1/2 65.1 15.6
____ 3______
_1221_ 54__
_____ 2______
_1254_ 58______ 8________
_1258_ 82__
5-2
31
3 16 8 15
3 -16 2/3
18 8 15 1/2
30
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.133-134. 31
G. Pachymeres, De Michaele et Andronico Palaeologis, ed. I. Bekker, Bonn, 1835, 2 vols, II,
pp.493-494. Pegolotti, La pratica, pp.288-289. Hendy, Studies, p.527, Table 23. C. Morrison, J. N.
Barrandon, and S. Bendall, “Proton Activation and XRF Analysis: An Application to the Study of
the Alloy of Nicaean and Palaiologan Hyperpyra Issues”, in Metallurgy in Numismatics, vol.2, ed.
W. A. Oddy, London, 1988, pp.23-39.
11
3 70.2% 16.85 2
71.4% 17.1 8 65.1% 15.6
3
2 12 8
3 8
5-3
________ ______ ______ ______ _______
__ ______ ______ __ __
_ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
____ 3______
_1246_ 54__
_____ 2______
_1254_ 58__
5-332
1246
2
4
1240
2 1246 78
1
1249
9 1226 70 7
14 1250
933
1255
1258
1 1225 63
32
Hendy, Catalogue, pp.601-617. 33
Marino Sanudo Torsello, Istoria del Regno di Romania, ed. C. Hopf, Chroniques gréco-romanes,
Berlin, 1873, p.102. D. M. Metcalf, “Frankish Petty Currency from the Areopagus at Athens”,
Hesperia, vol.34 no.3 (1965), pp.203-223. Stahl, “Coinage and Money”, p.203.
12
2 1220 50
1258 66 2
2
1259
1262
2
1
34
1261
8
835
3
1
34
Metcalf, “Frankish Petty Currency”. Idem, Coinage of the Crusades and the Latin East in the
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 2nd ed., London, 1995, pp.252-257. 35
D. J. Geanakoplos, Emperor Michael Palaeologus and the West, 1258-1282: A study in
Byzantine-Latin Relations, Cambridge-Harvard, 1959. S 13
2002
13
36
2 = 3
12
2 1
9 1
1266 8237
3 2
12
2
3
2
12
36
K
M
1994 37
9 J
2001
14
1252
38
1252
38
R. S. Lopez, “Back to Gold, 1252”, Economic History Review, ser. ii. 9 (1956-7), pp.219-40. A.
Watson, “Back to Gold-and Silver”, Economic History Review, ser. ii. 20 (1967), pp.1-34.
11 1231 2
Ph. Grierson and L.Travaini, Medieval European
Coinage: With a Catalogue of the Coins in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, vol.14: Italy (III)
(South Italy, Sicily, Sardinia), Cambridge, 1998.