discussion over coffee thursday 17 november 2011 from 18.30 to 20.30 leonie baldacchino...
TRANSCRIPT
Discussion Over CoffeeThursday 17 November 2011 from 18.30 to 20.30
Leonie [email protected] The Edward de Bono Institute For the Design and Development of ThinkingUniversity of Maltawww.um.edu.mt/create
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
What isWhat isEntrepreneurship?Entrepreneurship?
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Entrepreneurship is…Entrepreneurship is…
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Entrepreneurs exist to pursue opportunity
No one can call himself or herself an entrepreneur until they have identified and at least begun
the pursuit of an opportunity
No one should call themselves a successful entrepreneur until they have captured an opportunity
Muzyka (2000)
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
My Research: My Research: An OverviewAn Overview
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
BackgroundBackground
Current paradigm in entrepreneurship research: Entrepreneurial Cognition
There has been a shift from ‘cold’ cognition to ‘hot’ cognition in the decision making and entrepreneurial cognition research
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
AimsAims
To investigate the role of intuition in the identification and exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities
To explore whether cognitive strategy is shaped by experience and expertise
To explore whether a more intuitive cognitive strategy influences the number and innovativeness of opportunities identified and exploited
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
What isWhat isIntuition?Intuition?
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
What is Intuition?What is Intuition?
Long history, yet many questions are still unanswered
From Latin in-tuir: looking, knowing from within
A mysterious or mystical sixth sense?
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
“Affectively-charged judgments that arise through rapid, nonconscious, and holistic associations”
(Dane & Pratt, 2007, p. 40)
What is Intuition?What is Intuition?
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
• Intuition is not instinct
• Intuition is not insight
• Intuition is not a heuristic
• Intuition is not guessing
What Intuition is NotWhat Intuition is Not
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Intuition and Analysis:Intuition and Analysis:Single Process or Dual Process?Single Process or Dual Process?
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Vs
The Dual Process ViewThe Dual Process View
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Hodgkinson & Clarke (2007)
Conceptual ModelConceptual Model
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Conceptual ModelConceptual Model
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
MethodsMethods
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Who? 75 owner-managers of technology-related businesses in
Malta
Why ? Research indicates that intuition is more prevalent and
effective and more effective in high-tech industries
Research Participants Research Participants
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
What? Online Survey Why ? To measure antecedents of
cognitive strategy
Research DesignResearch Design
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Step 1
What? Concurrent Protocol Analysis Why ? To map out cognitive strategy
Step 2
What? General preference for
intuition or analysis
Why ? Cognitive style influences
cognitive strategy
How? REI (Epstein et al., 1996)
Survey: Cognitive StyleSurvey: Cognitive Style
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
What? Risk Propensity Risk Perception
Why ? These may influence an individual’s
attraction or aversion to radically innovative technologies
How? Forlani & Mullins (2000)
Survey: Survey: Risk Propensity and Risk PerceptionRisk Propensity and Risk Perception
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
What? Educational background Managerial experience Business ownership history Deliberate practice
Why ? Experience and expertise have been
linked to intuition
How? Various
Survey: Survey: Experience and ExpertiseExperience and Expertise
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
How? Hypothetical but realistic opportunity
identification and exploitation scenarios Think-aloud while performing tasks
Why ? Self-report measures are inadequate to
tap into the complex non-conscious nature of intuition
Protocol Analysis: Think AloudProtocol Analysis: Think Aloud
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Findings and Findings and Further AnalysisFurther Analysis
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Preliminary FindingsPreliminary Findings
Intuition seems to be more prevalent in the opportunity identification stage
Analysis seems to be more prevalent in the opportunity exploitation stage
Intuition: a gatekeeper
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Further AnalysisFurther Analysis
Analysis of survey data with SPSS
Analysis of transcribed interview protocols: Chunking of protocols into ‘intuition’,
‘rationality’ and ‘noise’ categories Counting and rating of opportunities
identified and exploited by each respondent
Regression analyses using SPSS to test various relationships
© Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta 17 November 2011
Discussion Over CoffeeThursday 17 November 2011 from 18.30 to 20.30
Leonie [email protected] The Edward de Bono Institute For the Design and Development of ThinkingUniversity of Maltawww.um.edu.mt/create
Thank YouThank Youfor your kind attentionfor your kind attention