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Page 1: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"
Page 2: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object.

The direct object answers the question "what?" or "whom?" with regard to what the subject of the sentence is doing.

When the pronoun replaces the name of the direct object, use the following pronouns:

DOPNs Singular Plural

1st person Me= ________ Us = ________

2nd Person You = ________

3rd personHim = ________Her = ________

You/It = ________

Them (m) _______Them (fem) _____Y’all ___________

me

telolaLo/la

nos

laslos

Los/las

In sentences with two verbs, there are two options regarding the placement of the direct object pronoun.1. Place it immediately before the conjugated verb. 2. Attach it directly to the infinitive.

Page 3: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The indirect object (IO) tells us where the direct object (DO) is going.

The indirect object answers the question "To whom?" or "For whom?" the action of the verb is performed.

Sentences that have an indirect object usually also have a direct object. Remember, the IO tells us where the DO is going.

Sometimes the direct object is not stated; rather it is implied, or understood.

Page 4: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

When a pronoun takes the place of the name of the indirect object, use the following pronouns:

IDOPNs Singular Plural

1st person (to/for) Me= ________ (to/for) Us = ________

2nd Person (to/for) You = ________

3rd person(to/for) Him = ________(to/for) Her = ________

(to/for) You/It = ________

(to/for) Them (m) _______(to/for) Them (fem) _____(to/for) Y’all ___________

mete

nos

lelele

lesles

les

The IO pronouns le and les present a special problem because they are ambiguous.

Since le and les can mean more than one thing, a prepositional phrase is often added to remove the ambiguity or for emphasis

Page 5: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The preterite is used for past actions that are seen as completed.

The preterite of regular -ar verbs is formed by dropping the infinitive ending -ar and adding the appropriate endings to the stem.

Pret. –ar endings

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

é

aste

ó

amos

aron

Note that verbs that end in ______, ______, and ______ have a spelling change in the ______ form.

_______ = ______________ = ______________ = _______

car gar zar

yo

cargarzar

quéguécé

Page 6: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The verbs ir and ser are irregular in the preterite tense

The context in which each verb is used in the sentence will clarify the meaning.

The verb ser is not used very often in the preterite.

Pret. Of ser and ir

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

fui

fuiste

fue

fuimos

fueron

Page 7: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

Both regular –er and –ir verbs have the same set of endings

Pret. Er/ir endings

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

í

iste

imos

ieron

Page 8: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The preterite endings of the verbs dar and ver are the same as those of regular -er and -ir verbs, except for the accent marks.

Pret. dar

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

Pret. ver

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

di vi

diste viste

dio vio

dimos vimos

dieron vieron

Page 9: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The verbs hacer (to do, to make), poner, traer (to bring), and salir have an irregular yo form.

The yo form has a g. All other forms are the same as those of a regular -er or -ir verb.

hacer poner traer salir

Yo

Él,ella, ud.

Nosotros

Ellos, ellas, Uds.

gBeware of the sneaky “g”

hago pongo traigo salgo

haces

hace

hacemos

hacen

pones

pone

ponemos

ponen

traes

trae

traemos

traen

sales

sale

salimos

salen

Page 10: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The verb venir (to come) also has an irregular yo form. It conjugates like the verb tener. It is an e-ie stemchanger.

Present venir

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

vengo

vienes

viene

venimos

vienen

Page 11: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The present progressive is used in Spanish to express an action that is presently going on—an action in progress.

The present progressive is formed by using the present tense of the verb estar and the present participle—speaking, doing.

To form the present participle of most verbs in Spanish you drop the ending of the infinitive and add -ando to the stem of -ar verbs and -iendo to the stem of -er and -ir verbs.

Note that the verbs leer and traer have a y in the present participle. leyendo trayendo

Page 12: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The verbs saber and conocer both mean to know.

Note that like many Spanish verbs they have an irregular yo form in the present tense. All other forms are regular.

Present saber

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

Present conocer

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

sabes

sabe

sabemos

saben

conozco

conoces

conoce

conocemos

conocen

Page 13: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

The verb saber means to know a fact or to have information about something. It also means to know how to do something.

The verb conocer means to know in the sense of to be acquainted with.

It is used to talk about people and complex or abstract concepts rather than simple facts.

Page 14: Direct object pronouns The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. The direct object answers the question "what?"

A verb is reflexive when the subject and the object are the same

When a verb is reflexive, the infinitive ends in "se."

The reflexive pronouns are me, te, se, nos, se

Steps to conjugatingCut Fling Flop Chopsuey(switch-a-roonie)Schmoosh

Cut off the “se”Fling “se” in front of the verb

Flop “se” over into me, te, se, nos, or se to match the subjectChop off –ar, -er, -ir

Swich the stem if necessaryAdd the appropriate ending

lav seme ar o