digital manipulation amanda franklin frances nicholson
TRANSCRIPT
Digital Manipulation
Amanda Franklin
Frances Nicholson
What is digital manipulation?
• The process of altering the existence of a digital image or video.
• It can include any level of change.– Cropping, color enhancement, removing
objects, altering the setting, combining two or more images
ARGUMENTS
Digital manipulation is acceptable as long as the content of the image is not altered.
The public should be sophisticated enough to realize that digital manipulation is occurring.
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Examples of Content Altering Images
British politicians Ed Matts and Ann Widdecombe
The Other Side
• Photo manipulation has been around almost as long as photography itself.
– Hippolyte Bayard (1840)– Civil War– Abraham Lincoln (~1860)– Joseph Stalin (1920s)
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Joseph Stalin and Propaganda
Joseph Stalin and Nikolai Yezhov, 1940
Famous Examples
John Kerry - Peace Rally, Mineola, NY (June 1971)
Jane Fonda - Political Rally, Miami Beach, FL (August 1972)
• In 1982 National Geographic used a horizontal photo of the pyramids in Egypt and created a vertical cover from the picture.
• In 1994 Time Magazine used a picture of O.J. Simpson on the cover of the magazine in which his face had been darkened.
Errors in Digital Manipulation
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Video Manipulation
• Splicing, speeding up
• Video insertion and deletion
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What can be done to solve this problem?
• Identify which images have been altered– Watermark– Caption– Hologram on IDs