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DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSINGWeek 1 - Introduction
A.A. Gde Bagus Ariana, [email protected]
http://gungariana.wordpress.com
“One picture is worth more than ten thousand words”
References
Pengolahan Citra Digital Darma PutraPenerbit Andi Yogyakarta, 2009
Digital Image ProcessingGonzales, Rafael C, Woods, Richard E, Prentice-Hall Inc., 2002
• What is a digital image?
• What is digital image processing?
• History of digital image processing
• State of the art examples of digital image processing
• Key stages in digital image processing
Content
What is a Digital Image?
A digital image is a representation of a two-dimensional image as a finite set of digital values, called picture elements or pixels
Pixel values typically represent gray levels, colors, heights, opacities etc
Remember digitization implies that a digital image is an approximation of a real scene
1 pixel
What is a Digital Image?
Low Level Process
• Input : Image
• Output : Image
• Example: Noise Removal, Image Sharpening, Image Smoothing, etc
Mid Level Process
• Input : Image
• Output : Attributes
• Example: Object Recognizing, Segmentation
High Level Process
• Input: Attributes
• Output:Understanding
• Examples: Scene understanding, autonomous navigation
What is a Digital Image Processing?
History of DIP
19601920 1970 1980 ?
• The Bartlane cable picture transmission service• Images were transferred by submarine cable between
London and New York and reconstructed at the receiving end on a telegraph printer
Images of the moon taken by the Ranger 7 probe
Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield & Prof. Allan M. Cormack share the Nobel Prize in medicine for the invention of tomography, the technology behind Computerised Axial Tomography (CAT) scans
One of the most common uses of DIP techniques: improve quality, remove noise etc
Examples: Image Enhancement
• Launched in 1990 the Hubble telescope can take images of very distant objects.
• However, an incorrect mirror made many of Hubble’s images useless.
• Image processing techniques were used to fix this.
Examples: The Hubble Telescope
Examples: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Examples: GIS/Remote Sensing
Examples: GIS/Remote Sensing
Examples: Industrial Inspection
Examples: Law Enforcement
Examples: Human Computer Interaction
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
Segmentation
Representation & Description
Image Enhancement
Object Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image Processing
Image Compression
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
•We have looked at:
– What is a digital image?
– What is digital image processing?
– History of digital image processing
– State of the art examples of digital image processing
– Key stages in digital image processing
Summary
Question?