digestive system. function break down food into particles the body can use particles are absorbed...
TRANSCRIPT
Function• Break down food into particles
the body can use
• Particles are absorbed into blood and carried throughout body
• Wastes are removed from the body
Organs Involved
1. Mouth
2. Esophagus
3. Stomach
4. Pancreas
5. Liver
6. Gallbladder
7. Small Intestine
8. Large Intestine
9. Rectum
• Digestion-process where body breaks down food
• 2 Kinds:1) Mechanical-physically broken down
2) Chemical-chemicals break food down
–Enzymes-proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body
»Pepsin-breaks down protein
»Amylase-breaks down starch
• Absorption-nutrients pass though wall of digestive system into blood. The circulatory system will then carry the nutrients to the cells of the body.
• Saliva-fluid released by mouth; contains enzymes
The Mouth• Mechanical digestion starts with
teeth
• Saliva mixes with food moistening
• Chemical digestion also starts breaking down starch into sugar
• Salivary Glands-produce Saliva
Esophagus• Muscular tube that connects mouth
to stomach, lined with mucus
• 2 openings at back of mouth-one to trachea, one for esophagus
• Epiglottis-flap covering trachea
• Peristalsis-involuntary waves of muscle contractions to push food along
Stomach• J-shaped Pouch
• Mechanical digestion occurs here when strong muscles squeeze food. MOST mechanical digestion occurs here.
• Chemical digestion occurs at same time-acids and other chemicals break down food
Stomach cont…• Contains hydrochloric acid-a very strong
acid which would burn through clothing but without this acid, your stomach would not work properly.
• Has a mucus lining-coats and protects your stomach
• Your stomach produces a new lining every 2 days.
Stomach cont…• Heartburn is when some of the
stomach acid starts to move back up the esophagus causing a burning sensation in chest.
• Stomach ulcer-when a person produces too much stomach acid and it burns a hole in the stomach lining.
Small Intestine• Most chemical digestion occurs and
absorption of nutrients takes place
• Covered with villi-tiny finger shaped structures with capillaries inside
• Capillaries inside villi pick up nutrients so blood can carry to rest of body
Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas(Food does not pass through these organs)
• Liver-largest and heaviest internal organ inside the body
–Produces bile-substance that breaks down fat
• Gallbladder-stores bile
• Pancreas-produces chemicals that break down starches, proteins and fats
Large Intestine• Removes water from undigested
material
• Contains helpful bacteria that produce vitamins