digestive system. end products of digestion proteins carbohydrates lipids
TRANSCRIPT
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Digestive system
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End Products of Digestion
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
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End Products of Digestion
• Proteins Amino acids(used to make your own proteins)
• Carbohydrates Simple sugars (used by the mitochondria for energy) 1gram= 4Calories
• Lipids Fatty acids & glycerol (used for cell membranes, energy protection) 1gram= 9Calories
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Trail Mix
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DIGESTION
• The Acts of digestion requires:– mechanical means that increase the surface
area &– Chemicals such as ENZYMES, HCL, sodium
bicarbonate and water.
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Digestion begin in the mouth
• Teeth –Mechanical digestion increase the surface area for enzymes to work upon.
• Chemical digestion- Saliva contains a salivary amylase which breaks down starch to maltose (disaccharide )
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Mouth Ulcer
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Epiglottis
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Name the organs
1
8
5
4 2
10
7
6
3
9
11
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Welcome to the esophagus
• Bolus-ball of food• Peristalsis- waved-
like contractions of smooth muscle: forces food along the digestive tract
• Esophagus= 25cm
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Stomach
• Food holder• Secretions result from:
– Nerve action (brain)– Food contact w/ stomach– Hormone-gastrin
• Pepsin & HCL-break proteins into polypeptides chains– HCl kills bacteria– PH (acid) activates pepsin PH1-3– HCl dissolves mineralsCHYME-
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Heartburn
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Gastric Ulcer
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Bleeding Ulcer
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Toothbrush in stomach after 2 years : 30 year old female
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Liver / Gall bladder
• 4 lbs• Produces Bile-
emulsification of fats (Physical)
• Contains no digestive enzymes!!!
• Large globs to small globs to increase the surface area
• Gall Bladder stores some bile.
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Laparoscopic Gall Bladder removal
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Pancreas
• Secretes 1st set of digestive enzymes
• Proteases, amylases and lipases
• Produces sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid –PH -6—
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Duodenum
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Villi and glandular tissue of the duodenum
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Intestinal glands
• Wall of the intestine secrete 2nd set of digestive enzymes (Proteases, amylases and lipases) completes digestion
• Amylases-maltase, surcease, .
• Secretion-hormone stimulates glands to secrete
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Small Intestine
• Diffusion -22 ft long• Increase folds• Villi / microvilli• Thin membranes• Muscular contractions
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Large Intestine
• No digestion of food• 1-Absorption of water• 2-Bacterial action –
production of vitamin K for proper blood clotting
• Rate of waste flow– Fast—Diarrhea– Slow– Constipation
Need fiber (cellulose) to clean the colon and possibly prevent polyps
Lap colon
Fecal transplantation
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Tube pH Mass of Precipitate
(mg)123456
468101214
2.82.52.02.32.62.9
Application Trypsin -Protease
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Application questions
• Medication for five days 7 6 5 4 3 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5
PH of the stomach
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Polyp on intestine wall
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Large Intestine & contraction