digestive system chapter 3 the digestive system consist of the alimentary canal….a tube that...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DIGESTIVE SYSTEMChapter 3
• The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory organs– Liver– Gall bladder– Pancreas
The following image shoes entire system
![Page 2: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Alimentary Canal Structure
• The Alimentary canal is organized into 4 functional layers:
• Mucosa:
• Submucosa
• Muscularis
• Serosa
![Page 4: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mucosa:
• This is the site of mucous production
• The mucous aids in transportation, protection and absorption of nutrients
![Page 6: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Submucosa
• It lies directly under the mucosa and contains VANL (vein, artery, nerve and lymphatic supply)
• It might also contain specialty glands
![Page 7: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Muscularis
• The muscularis is composed of two layers of smooth muscle
• Circular layer
• Longitudinal layer
• These two layers works together rhythmically to create peristalsis to move food along.
![Page 8: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Serosa
• The serosa is the most external layer
• It secretes a viscous fluid that helps to reduce friction so that our parts can slip/slide past each other
![Page 9: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
From the Beginning
• Let’s start from the beginning (oral cavity) and work our way to the finish (anus)
![Page 10: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Oral Cavity
![Page 11: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Structures for Study
• Labia
• Tongue
• Teeth
• Salivary glands
• Palate
A lot of structures are found in the mouth…these are the ones we are going to examine
![Page 12: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Labia (lips)
![Page 13: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Function(s)
• The lips are a sensory organ that detect temperature….reduce the risk of burning
• In terms of digestion, labia also help to keep food in the mouth
![Page 14: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tongue
• Gustatory organ: taste
• Needed for food placement• Needed for proper swallowing• Library.thinkquest.org
![Page 15: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Taste
sweet
salty
bitter
sour
![Page 16: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Taste cont’
• And for some reason power point would not let me add to the last slide
• Our fifth type of taste is umame (savory) and that occurs over the entire tongue
• Taste is regulated by the taste buds
![Page 17: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Taste bud
![Page 18: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Taste Buds
• They are embedded within the bumps on the tongues surface.
• They detect chemical concentrations
• The tip of the tongue detects sweet/salty
• Laterally it detects sour
• The rear of the tongue is bitter
• The entire tongue is umame (savory)
![Page 19: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Library.thinkquest.org
![Page 20: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tongue Used for Swallowing
![Page 21: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Teeth (Dentition)
• Our teeth allows us to be omnivores
• We have teeth for cutting, tearing and grinding
• This ability to be an omnivore is what has made us successful as a species
• Teeth are used for Mastication (chewing)
![Page 22: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Tooth Development
• Primary Teeth (deciduous )
• This is our first set….they erupt from 4-6 months and begin to fall out at 6-7 yrs
• We have 20 primary teet• 4 central incisors• 4 lateral incisors• 4 cuspids• 4 primary molars• 4 secondary molars
![Page 23: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Secondary Teeth (permanent)
• These are our adult teeth
• All of them should be in by 21
• 32 of these
• 4 central incisors 4 lateral incisors
• 4 cuspids 8 bicuspids (premolars)
• 4 primary molars 4 secondary molars
• 4 tertiary molars
![Page 24: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Salivary Glands
• Three groups– Parotid: Cheek area on top of Masseter
muscle– Submandibular: found at the floor of the
mouth– Sublingual: found at the floor of the mouth
![Page 26: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Function(s) of Salivary Glands
• Secrete slaiva
• Saliva is mixed with food to create a bolus
• Within saliva we find two prominent enzymes:– Salivary amylase: dissolves carbohydrates– Lingual Lipase: dissolves triglyverides
![Page 28: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Enzymes
• In our bodies, enzymes are protein based chemicals that speed up chemical reaction rate and decrease activation energy.
• Because they are protein based, the can be denatured (change shape) and that disrupts function
![Page 29: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Denaturing
• Enzymes can be denatured with changes in – pH: to much acid or base can change their
shape– Temperature: Increases in temperature can
destroy enzymes…e.g., high fever
![Page 30: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Role of Enzymes
• In the digestive system, enzymes are utilized to reduce macronutrients into a more absorbable micronutrient
• Okay…..back to the oral cavity
![Page 31: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Palate
• This is the roof of the mouth
• Divided into the hard and soft palate
• Functions to separate the oral and nasal cavities
• Cleft Palate is developmental dysfunction of the palate
• Please google some images of cleft palate
![Page 32: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Pharynx
![Page 33: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Divisions
• Nasopharynx: back of the nasal cavity
• Oropharynx: back of the throat
• Laryngopharynx: top of throat
• Pharynx functions as common passageway for respiratory and digestive systems
![Page 34: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Esophagus
• Tube extending from laryngopharynx to the stomach
• First instance of sphincters in digestive systems
![Page 35: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
The Omentum
• The entire gut is covered by a fatty protective sheet called the Greater Omentum
![Page 36: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Sphincters
• Sphincters are ring like structures that close tubes to controls
flow
![Page 37: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Stomach
![Page 39: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Stomach Cont’
• The stomach is a j-shaped organ designed to hold 1 liter of food and fluid
• It is divided into 4 regions (see image):– Cardia– Fundus– Body– pylorus
![Page 40: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Sphincters of Stomach
• Cardiac or Lower Esophageal Sphincter: prevents back flow of food from stomach to the esophagus
• Pyloric Sphincter: controls gastric (stomach) emptying
![Page 41: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Gastric Pits
• The stomach is lined with gastric pits
• These pits increase surface area and contain specialty cells
![Page 42: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Gastric Pit Cells
• Mucous cells: secrete huge amounts of protective mucous
• Parietal cells: secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor…what are the functions of these chemicals?
• Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase (function?)
• g- cells: secrete Gastrin ( function?)
![Page 43: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Function(s) of the Stomach
• The stomach takes the bolus from the mouth and mixes it with gastric juice to create chyme
• It allows absorbs some nutrients…water
• Food typically stays in the stomach for 1-3 hours
• Describe gastric bypass surgery
![Page 45: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Small Intestines
![Page 46: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Divisions of the Small Intestines
• Duodenum: first 15 or so inches of the S.I. it is the where the accessory organs enter the digestive system. It is the workhorse of the gut
• Jejunum: middle third. Site of nutrient absorption
• Ileum: the end of the S.I. get huge production of mucous in this division…and some absorption
![Page 47: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Mesentary
![Page 48: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Mesentary
• The mesentary anchors the small intestines to the body. It holds a lot of VANL suppy for the digestive system
![Page 49: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Accessory Organs
• Liver
• Gall bladder
• Pancreas
![Page 50: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Liver
• Divided into 4 lobes and is anchored back to the diaphragm via the Falciform Ligament
![Page 52: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Functions
• Produces bile
• Metabolizes micronutrients
• Detoxifies the blood
• Stores nutrients
• Destroys old red blood cells
![Page 53: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Gallbadder
• Small sac that sits underneath the liver
• It stores and concentrates bile
• It secretes bile via the common bile duct into the duodenum
![Page 54: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Bile
• Is a cholesterol based product that emulsifies dietary fat
• It breaks fat down into micelles so that the fat can be suspended in water and has more surface area for enzymes to act upon it
![Page 55: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Pancreas
• Functions as an exocrine and endocrine gland
![Page 56: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Exocrine Gland
• Secrete their product through a duct to the outside of the body or into a hollow organ
• The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and sodium bicarbonate into the duodenum via the pancreatic and common bile duct
![Page 57: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Endocrine Gland
• Secretions are released into the bloodstream and travel to a target cell, tissue or organ
• The pancreas secretes the hormones insulin, glucagon and a few others will we not explore
![Page 58: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Accessory Organ Secretions
![Page 59: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Large Intestines
![Page 60: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Large Intestines
• Approximately 3 feet in length
• Function to transport waste and remove water from waste
![Page 61: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Large Intestines Divisions
• Cecum
• Appendix
• Ascending colon
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Sigmoid colon
• Rectum
• Anus
![Page 62: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Sphincters of the Large Intestines
• Ileocecal Valve: between the ileum and cecum
• Internal Anal Sphincter: under involuntary control.
• External Anal Sphincter: develops voluntary control at approximately 18 months of age
![Page 63: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Summary of Digestive Fluid Production and Secretion
![Page 64: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Chapter 3 The digestive system consist of the Alimentary Canal….a tube that stretches from the mouth to the anus … and three accessory](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551a2259550346a4248b5008/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Digestive Pathologies for Study
• Peptic ulcer
• IBS
• GERD
• Crohn’s Disease
• Celiac Disease
• Diverticulosis
• Please learn each of these disorders