Digestive SystemDigestive System

Breaks down food into Breaks down food into nutrients.nutrients.

Made up of:Made up of:

MouthMouth EsophagusEsophagus StomachStomach Small intestine Small intestine Large intestineLarge intestine RectumRectum AnusAnus

Salivary glands Salivary glands LiverLiver PancreasPancreas Gall bladderGall bladder

Food does not travel through:

Types of DigestionTypes of Digestion

1.1. Mechanical DigestionMechanical Digestion• Grinding and mashing of food into smaller Grinding and mashing of food into smaller

pieces.pieces.

2.2. Chemical DigestionChemical Digestion• Breaking down of food into nutrients using Breaking down of food into nutrients using

acids and enzymesacids and enzymes

Proteins- Broken down into amino acids

Used to build muscle

Occurs in stomach continues in small intestine.

Carbohydrates- Broken down into simple sugars

Used for energy

Starts in mouth, continues in small intestines.

Fats- Broken down into fatty acids

Used for stored energy

Digestive TractDigestive Tract

Food travels through the following organs:Food travels through the following organs:

1.Mouth

2.Esophagus

3.Stomach

4.Small intestine

5.Large Intestine

6.Rectum

7.Anus

1. Mouth1. Mouth

Digestion begins here. Both mechanical Digestion begins here. Both mechanical and chemical digestion take place.and chemical digestion take place.

Teeth will chew and mash food into smaller Teeth will chew and mash food into smaller pieces. (mechanical digestion)pieces. (mechanical digestion)

Salivary glandsSalivary glands found around your mouth found around your mouth produce produce salivasaliva that begin chemical that begin chemical digestion of carbohydrates.digestion of carbohydrates.

2. Esophagus2. Esophagus

The esophagus is a long tube that The esophagus is a long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.connects the mouth to the stomach.

Food moves through the esophagus Food moves through the esophagus by by peristalsisperistalsis..

PeristalsisPeristalsis is a rhythmic muscle is a rhythmic muscle contraction that squeeze food down.contraction that squeeze food down.

3. Stomach3. Stomach

Mechanical digestion takes place when the Mechanical digestion takes place when the stomach churns.stomach churns.

Chemical digestion takes place when Chemical digestion takes place when pepsin in an acidic environment pepsin in an acidic environment breakdown food into nutrients.breakdown food into nutrients.

Protein is chemically broken into Protein is chemically broken into

amino acidamino acid

..

Bag-like organ where digestion occurs.

4. Small Intestine4. Small Intestine

Chemical digestion takes Chemical digestion takes place in the small intestine. place in the small intestine. Enzymes digest proteins Enzymes digest proteins and fats.and fats.

Nutrients are absorbed into Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through the bloodstream through villivilli..

VilliVilli are finger-like are finger-like projections found in the projections found in the small intestine.small intestine.

Long but narrow tube where final digestion takes place.

Villi

BileBile

BileBile helps to digest fats in the helps to digest fats in the small intestine.small intestine.

Bile is made in the Bile is made in the liverliver and and stored in the stored in the gall bladdergall bladder..

liver

gall bladder

PancreasPancreas

The pancreas releases chemicals The pancreas releases chemicals (pancreatic juices) into the small (pancreatic juices) into the small intestine to help digestion.intestine to help digestion.

Stomach acid is neutralized with Stomach acid is neutralized with bicarbonate before it enters the bicarbonate before it enters the small intestine.small intestine.

5. Large Intestine5. Large Intestine

Undigested food ends up in Undigested food ends up in the large intestine.the large intestine.

Excess water is removed Excess water is removed from undigested food to from undigested food to create solid waste.create solid waste.

Bacteria in LI makes Bacteria in LI makes Vitamin KVitamin K

6. Rectum -Solid waste or 6. Rectum -Solid waste or feces is stored here.feces is stored here.

7. Anus -Solid waste leaves 7. Anus -Solid waste leaves the body through here.the body through here.

teeth

pancreas

stomach

esophagus

salivary glands

rectum

small intestine

large intestine

gall bladder

liver

mouth

mouth

stomach

esophagus

duodenum

large intestinesmall intestine

anus

liver, pancreasgall

bladder