Different Types of Different Types of RegenerationRegeneration

Urban Development CorporationsUrban Development Corporations

&&

City ChallengeCity Challenge

Urban Development Corporations Urban Development Corporations (UDCs)(UDCs)

They were set up to regenerate selected inner They were set up to regenerate selected inner city areas with large amounts of derelict city areas with large amounts of derelict land/vacant land. This is known as property led land/vacant land. This is known as property led regeneration. They were given planning powers regeneration. They were given planning powers over & above local authorities & were given over & above local authorities & were given public money to spend on buying land, building public money to spend on buying land, building infrastructure and then private attracting infrastructure and then private attracting investment. Idea that private investment would investment. Idea that private investment would be 5x greater than public money.be 5x greater than public money.

Run by a board, made up mostly by local Run by a board, made up mostly by local business community. business community.

CriticismsCriticisms

New employment inadequate or New employment inadequate or inappropriate.inappropriate.

If unsuccessful & land fell in value – huge If unsuccessful & land fell in value – huge amounts of money lost if no one wanted to amounts of money lost if no one wanted to invest in the area.invest in the area.

Local authority not involved so no Local authority not involved so no accountability.accountability.

Local people not involved & many felt Local people not involved & many felt excluded.excluded.

CASTLEFIELD MANCHESTER

SolutionsSolutions

Established in 1987 the Tyne & Wear Established in 1987 the Tyne & Wear development Corporation ( government development Corporation ( government funded agency) charged with task of funded agency) charged with task of regenerating 50km of riverside in the NE regenerating 50km of riverside in the NE of England.of England.

Invested millions of pounds acquiring and Invested millions of pounds acquiring and clearing derelict land, laying on new clearing derelict land, laying on new infrastructure and setting up major infrastructure and setting up major schemes.schemes.

Aims of the TWDCAims of the TWDC

Create new business districts/ modern Create new business districts/ modern office developments.office developments.

Increase employment & introduce training Increase employment & introduce training schemes.schemes.

Revive riverside – create new homes and Revive riverside – create new homes and leisure facilities.leisure facilities.

Improve the environment – landscape, Improve the environment – landscape, cycle ways walkways.cycle ways walkways.

ProjectsProjects

Newcastle Business parkNewcastle Business parkCost £140 million.Cost £140 million.25ha devleopment of modern offices, in 25ha devleopment of modern offices, in

landscaped river setting.landscaped river setting.Total employmentTotal employment

exceeds 4,000.exceeds 4,000.

Newcastle ArenaNewcastle ArenaBuilt on former railway goods yard.Built on former railway goods yard.New 10,000 weather stadium holds major New 10,000 weather stadium holds major

pop concerts.pop concerts.

Newcastle QuaysideNewcastle Quayside

The derelict Quayside area has been The derelict Quayside area has been transformed into a new business quarter transformed into a new business quarter with high quality offices, pubs, restaurants, with high quality offices, pubs, restaurants, leisure facilities, new homes & hotels. The leisure facilities, new homes & hotels. The cost of the project £170 million.cost of the project £170 million.

Mexican Restaurant

Chamber of Commerce

Law courts

Estate agents

Flats

Pubs Restaurants

Old Fish Market converted into Sea Night Club

Castle Keep

Malmaison 4* Hotel

La Tasca – Spanish Restaurant

Est Est Est – Italian Restaurant

Pitcher & Piano Bar

1)The Question is; did it help those people 1)The Question is; did it help those people in need?in need?

For example, the residents of Scotswood, For example, the residents of Scotswood, where unemployment was 50%where unemployment was 50%

2)What happened to the old offices, where 2)What happened to the old offices, where companies like BT, were located until they companies like BT, were located until they moved to the Quayside?moved to the Quayside?

City Challenge PartnershipsCity Challenge Partnerships

To gain funding a local authority had to To gain funding a local authority had to come up with an imaginative project and come up with an imaginative project and form a partnership in its local inner city form a partnership in its local inner city area with the private sector and local area with the private sector and local communities. The partnership then communities. The partnership then submitted a 5 year plan to the government submitted a 5 year plan to the government in competition with other inner city areas.in competition with other inner city areas.

Better the UDCs?Better the UDCs?

Successful?Successful? Quality of proposals improved – more Quality of proposals improved – more

imaginative ideas.imaginative ideas. Local authorities now began to identify problems Local authorities now began to identify problems

& solutions to these.& solutions to these. Should it be allocated in regards to needs, rather Should it be allocated in regards to needs, rather

than competitive advantage.than competitive advantage. Neighbouring authorities competed against each Neighbouring authorities competed against each

other rather than working together.other rather than working together. All bids were awarded the same amount of All bids were awarded the same amount of

money – rather than according to need.money – rather than according to need. 40,000 houses improved, 53,000 jobs, 3,000 40,000 houses improved, 53,000 jobs, 3,000

new businesses & 2,000ha derelict land new businesses & 2,000ha derelict land reclaimed.reclaimed.