different forms of governments
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PRESENTATION ON
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A Government is theorganization or agencythrough which a politicalunit exercises itsauthority, controls andadministers public policy,and directs and controlsthe actions of its
members or subjects.
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MONARCHY OLIGARCHY
DEMOCRACY ANARCHY COMMUNIST STATE
DESPOTISM
DICTATORSHIP MARITOCRACY
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o Monarchy is a type ofgovernment ruled by onesupreme power like King ormonarch, who is the head of
the state.
o It is probably the most oldestsystem of Government.
o The monarch has totalauthority over the governmentand his or her people. A cabinetof advisers may be assembledto assist the monarch, but they
cannot make major decisions.
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Some well known constitutional monarchies includethe Belgium, Cambodia, Spain, and Thailand. Famousabsolute monarchies include the Sultanates of Brunei
and Oman, the Kingdom of Bhutan, and Saudi Arabia.
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o Oligarchies are oftencontrolled by a fewpowerful political
families havingroyalty, wealth ormilitary powers.
o Most communiststates fit into thedefinition ofoligarchy.
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o A modern example of oligarchy could be seen in different regionsof Africa during the 20th century. e.g. South Africa and it is alsofound in countries like Kazakhstan, Switzerland etc.
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o A democracy is a form ofgovernment in which thepeople, either directly orindirectly, take part ingoverning.
o A modern democracy impliescertain rights for citizens:
right to elect government
through free and fair elections freedom of speech the rule of law human rights freedom of assembly
freedom from discrimination
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Democracy Indexas published in January, 2007. The palest blue countries geta score above 9.5 out of 10 (with Swedenbeing the most democratic countryat 9.88), while the black countries score below 2 (with North Koreabeing the
least democratic at 0.86).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index -
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Anarchy may refer to:o Without government or
law.
o Absence of government; astate of lawlessness due tothe absence or inefficiencyof the supreme power;political disorder.
o A social state in which thereis no governing person orgroup of people, but eachindividual has absolute
liberty.
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* Icelandic Commonwealth (930 -1262, CE)
* Libertatia (late 1600s)* The Free Territory (January 1919
August 1921)* Shinmin Free Province (19291931)* Anarchist Catalonia, Spain, (July 21,1936 June 14, 1937)
* Anarchist Aragon (October 6, 1936
August 10, 1937)
* Freetown Christiania, Denmark,(September 26, 1971 2004)
* Somalia*Afghanistan
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o Aristocracy is a formof government inwhich a few of the
most prominentcitizens rule.
o It consists of peoplewho has the mostinfluence over societymaintained by elite,class, caste or family.
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A well cited example of aristocracy is Russia. In
Russia, more that 80% of that countrieswealth is in the hands of less than 20% of thepopulation.
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A communist state is asovereign state with a form ofgovernment characterized by
single-party rule or dominant-party rule of a communist party.
Communist states may haveseveral legal political parties,but the communist party isusually granted a special ordominant role in government.
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China , Cuba , Laos , Vietnam and North Korea arethe perfect examples of Communist State.
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o Despotism is a statewhere a singleindividual (the despot)
wields all the powerand authorityembodying the state,and everyone else is asubsidiary person.
o The Pharaoh of Egyptis exemplary of theclassical Despot.
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o A dictatorship isdefined as anautocratic form ofgovernment in whichthe government isruled by an individual,the dictator. If thatperson is a militaryofficer then it is calledMilitary Dictatorship.
o Among the mostextreme examples ofa dictatorship inrecent history wereNazi Germany and theSoviet Union.
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o Meritocracy is a system of agovernment or otherorganization whereinresponsibilities assigned toindividuals based upondemonstrated talent and ability(merit).
o In a meritocracy, societyrewards (via wealth, position,and social status) those whoshow talent and competence asdemonstrated by past actions
or by competition.
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o Pakistans government is recently ademocratic form of government elected by thepeople of Pakistan, but unfortunately Its notfully democratic as it still falls into the categoryof semi-democratic state.
o Pakistan went through many different phasesof government throughout its history. It also fitsinto a perfect example of Dictatorship.
First democratic era (1947-1958)
First military era (1958-1971)Second democratic era (1971-1977)Second military era (1977-1988)Third democratic era (1988-1999)Third military era (1999 - 2007)Fourth democratic era (2008- present)
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