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Dietary Standard-Health Policy Recommendation

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)=Recommended Intake of Nutrients (RINs)= Safe Intake of Nutrients

RDA is established by first estimating the average physiological requirement for an absorbed nutrient

This value is then adjusted by factors to compensate for : incomplete utilizationVariation in requirements among individualsBioavailability of the nutrient among the food sources

1st RDA establish 1941 (NRC/NAS) National Research council/National Academy of Sciences

Established tahu 1998 RDA=AKG di Indonesia dibahas dalam Widya Karya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi

Diperbaharui setiap 5 tahun9 Nutrients(1971) , 19 Nutrients (1989), 21 Nutrients (2004), 32 Nutrients (2013)

For Energy: Estimate Average Req (EAR)

Protein and Micronutrients :

- Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI), X + 2 SD - Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI), X - 2 SD

Fat and Carbohydrates : given as a populatio average value, expressed as a percentage of total Energy intake

Dietary Referece Value (DRVs)

Dietary Intake Reference values for intakes of essential nutrients that will maintain health in practically all healthy inviduals

Reference Standards/Dietary standards, include : Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI)

AKG/RDA : Level konsumsi Energi dan zat-zat gizi essensial, yang berdasarkan pengetahuan ilmiah dinilai cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hampir semua orang sehat.

Untuk mencapai status gizi yang optimal

Tidak sama dengan Dietary requirement

Water, alcohol and copper represent three nutrients that have approximately quantitative (100%) up take from their dietary forms.

On the other hand, iron and zinc have an intrinsically low fractional absorbtion in oral form

Kinds of Reference Value Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)-Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)-Recommanded Dietary Allowance (RDA) -Adequate Intake (AI) -Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

VS

Dietary Intake Health Policy recommendations

Health Policy recommendations =as a guidelines

Guide lines:-PUGS-Makanan seimbang-4 sehat 5 sempurna

45-65% total E from CH20-35% total E from FatNo more than 7-10% total E from SFA10-35% total E from ProteinNo more than 200-300 mg/d dietary Cholesterol 25 g/d dietary fiber for women, 38 g/d for men(National Cholesterol Education Program, American Heart Association, and Food and Nutrition Board)Recommed Consuming

1. EAR (Estimated Average Requirement): The intake that meets the estimated nutrient need of 50% of the individuals in that group. Applies to individuals

2. RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance): The intake that meets the nutrient need of almost all (97 to 98%) individuals in group. Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs)

3. AI (Adequate Intake): Observed or experimentally derive intake by a defined population or sub group that, in the judgment of DRI Committee, appears to sustain a defined nutritional state, such as normal circulating nutrient values, growth or other functional indicators of health. Applies to population group. Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs)

4. UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Level): The highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population. As intake increases above the UL, the risk of adverse effects increases. Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs)

Manfaat Merencanakan dan menyediakan suplay pangan pendudukMenginterpratasikan data konsumsi pangan perorangan/kelompokPerencanaan perbaikan makanan institusiMenerapkan standard bantuan pangan

Manfaat 5. Menilai kecukupan persediaan pangan6. Merencanakan progran penyuluhan Gizi7. Mengembangkan produk pangan untuk institusi8. Menetapkan pedoman untuk labeling gizi

Penugasan :1. Apa sajakah yang termasuk dari Dietary standards?

2. Apakah yang termasuk dietary guide lines? Apakah perbedaan keduanya?

3) Estimate Average Req (EAR) 50 orang laki-laki dewasa di suatu RT dengan masing-masing kebutuhan energinya. Berapa EAR nya?

4) Protein and Micronutrients : 50 orang wanita dewasa di 5 Dasa wisma dengan masing-masing kebutuhan protein. Berapa RNI utk: Protein, Fe dan Iodium nya ? Tugas:

5) Protein and Micronutrients : 50 orang wanita dewasa di 5 Dasa wisma dengan masing-masing kebutuhan protein. Berapa LRNI nya Protein, Fe dan Iodium nya ? - Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI), X + 2 SD - Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI), X - 2 SD

4) Fat and Carbohydrates : given as a populatio average value, expressed as a percentage of total Energy intake

Tugas:

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