DIET FOR DIABETICS By ,

Ghazala Matin

Medical Nutrition Management is the corner stone in management of a person with diabetes. Diet plays a major role in regulating carbohydrate, Fat ,protein in patients with diabetes . Further more proper dietary management is required for safe & effective use of insulin .

Medical Nutrition Management

1) Achieve and maintain – blood glucose level in the normal range or as close to normal as is safely possible ; lipid & lipoprotein profile that reduce the risk of vascular disease ; blood pressure levels in the normal range or as close to normal as is safely possible .

2) To prevent or at least slow the rate of development of the chronic complications of diabetes by modifying nutrient intake and lifestyle.

3) To address individual nutrition needs .4) To maintain the pleasure of eating by only limiting

food choices when indicates by scientific evidence.

Goals for Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT ) For Diabetics

Calories ---- Caloric requirements of adults ---obese or

very inactive adults , chronic dieters (20 kcal/kg).

Adults older than 55years of age , active women, sedentary men ( 28 kcal/kg ).

Active men or very active women ( 30 kcal/kg).

Thin or very active men ( 40 kcal/kg).

Diet in Diabetes

1000 kcal + Age * 100 kcal for girls.1000 kcal + Age * 125 kcal for boys.

*( From Raghuram TC et al; Diet and Diabetes,NIN,1991)

Calorie for children ( upto12 years)

Carbohydrate should provide 50-60% of energy intake .Generally in Indian diet CHO provide 60-65% of total calories . Diabetics need to restrict CHO intake and can alter the type of CHO in their diet. Unrefined CHO , with natural fiber intact is beneficial coz of there low glycaemic index.

Carbohydrates ---

The adult recommended dietary intake ( RDI ) of 0.8 to 1gm /kg IBW.,or 10-15% .

Protein of high biologic value should be given consideration .

Protein-----

Fats are concentrated source of energy .Fat intake generally should not exceed 30% of energy. Excessive fat intake contribute to obesity , insulin resistance, hypertension & atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease .

Fats------

Different carbohydrates raise blood sugar level…It is there important to know ,while recommending a diet for diabetic, to what extent different foods raise the blood sugar levels. The glycaemic index indicates the extent of rise in blood sugar in response to consumption of food in comparison with the response to an equivalent amount of glucose .

Glycaemic Index

Simple Steps to Lower Your Risk Making a few lifestyle changes can

dramatically lower the chances of developing diabetes. The same changes can also lower the chances of developing heart disease and some cancers.

Control Your Weight Get Moving—and Turn Off the

Television. ..

Simple Steps to Preventing Diabetes

Choose whole grains and whole grain products over highly processed carbohydrates.

Skip the sugary drinks . Choose good fats instead of bad fats. .  Limit red meat and avoid processed

meat; choose nuts, whole grains, poultry, or fish instead.

Tune Up Your Diet

If You Smoke, Try to Quit.

…….Thank You,

Smoking causes lots of problem…….