diet, exercise, nsaids, and inclusion body myositis
TRANSCRIPT
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Diet, Exercise, NSAIDs, and
Inclusion Body Myositis
M. Paul Murphy
Associate Professor
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
& Sanders-Brown Center on Aging
University of Kentucky
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What is AD?
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Amyloid Precursor Protein and β-Amyloid
Extracellular
Intracellular
APP
α-secretase
β-secretase
γ-secretase
sAPP-α
C83
Aβ region
sAPP-β
Constitutive Processing (~90%) Amyloidogenic Processing (~10%)
AICD
Adam Weidner
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Is AD a loss of Repression on the A Producing Enzymes?
Normal Aging
-Secretase
-Secretase
-Secretase
-Secretase
A
Pathologic Aging
Healthy Brain Alzheimer’s Disease
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Amyloid Pathology is Generic
Adapted from: Forman et. al., Nature Medicine, 10: 1055-63, 2004
AD (Plaque) FTD (Tangle) PD (Lewy Body)
ALS (Cytoplasm Inclusion) HD (Nuclear Inclusion) CJD (PrPres Plaques)
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IBM and AD
• In the brain of AD
patients the A forms
plaques that are
outside of the cells
• In the muscle of IBM patients the A forms inclusions that are inside of the cells
A
A(in green)
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Connection…?
1) A -positive, non-congophilic deposits appear prior to frank vacuolization in IBM affected muscle fibers
2) mRNA for APP, the larger protein from which A is derived, is increased in sIBM, as is the APP protein itself
-secretase, a major amyloidogenic enzyme involved in AD, is up regulated in IBM (as well as in AD and aging in general)
4) Overexpression of APP and/or APP fragments containing A in the muscle of transgenic mice leads to degenerative changes similar to the disease state in humans
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IBM Mouse Models • One of the only options to
resolve the actual role of A in the disease process, is to perform experiments in animal models.
• IBM-T7A6 mouse: reported in 2002 in collaboration with Frank LaFerla, UCI
• Overexpresses full length APP in muscle under the direction of a creatine kinase promoter
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What is
sIBM?
NSAIDs
APP Transgenic
APP Knock-In
?
? Lifestyle
Interventions
Pharmacology and
Genetics
Exercise
Diet
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Exercise
• Nice resonance for a muscle disease
• Several anecdotal reports indicate that moderate exercise may help IBM patients
• Simple running wheel activity reduces pathology in several mouse models of AD
• However, minimal effect in sIBM mice
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Diet
Genotype
Wild-type APP PS1 APP/PS1
control KD control KD control KD control KD
Weight (g) Baseline 25±3 24±3 23±1 23±1 27±2 25±2 25±1 25±1
1 montha 28±2 25±2 28±1 25±1 31±2 25±2 29±1 27±1
Ketones (mM) Baseline 0.37±0.07 0.3±0.06 0.36±0.02 0.48±0.09 0.46±0.07 0.44±0.10 0.37±0.03 0.42±0.04
1 montha 0.37±0.22 1.0±0.22 0.36±0.10 1.09±0.10 0.34±0.17 0.98±0.17 0.36±0.12 1.18±0.12
Glucose
(mg/dL)
Baseline 143±28 133±4 140±7 151±9 126±15 142±22 140±10 125±9
1 month 89±13 106±13 104±6 111±6 98±10 91±10 109±7 115±7
Insulin (ng/mL) a 1.74±0.37 0.42±0.37 1.82±0.17 0.52±0.17 1.88±0.29 0.64±0.29 2.13±0.20 0.71±0.20
Mice do get a little better in muscle function, but
NO effect on the underlying pathology
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NSAIDs
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Other Mice?
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APP A Inflam. Weak?
C57 Mice Yes
B6C3
Mice - No
Knock-In
Mice - No
NSAIDs
(+) - No Effect
NSAIDs
(-) - - No Effect
Diet - - - Improve
P
PP PP P
PP
P P
P
P
P
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NIH (R01 NS058382, P20 RR020171, P01
AG005119, P30 AG005144, T32
HL086341), KSEF, NSF, AFAR, CART
Foundation, The Myositis Association, The
Alzheimer’s Association, and The American
Heart Association
Rachel Ahmed, Grad Student
Kristen Kingry, Research Assistant
Robin Webb, Grad Student
Angela Spinelli, Research Assistant
Chris Holler, Grad Student
Feng Li, Research Technician
Katharina Kohler, Research Technician
Moshe Khurgel, Visiting Scientist
Tina Beckett, Research Analyst
Dana Niedowicz, Post-Doc
Thomas Platt, Grad Student
Adam Weidner, Post-Doc
Christa Studzinski, Post-Doc
Murphy
Lab, Barcel ona 2011