Dictators Turn to Totalitarianism

TotalitarianismMore extreme than just a dictatorSecret policeUltimate controlUses terror and spies amongst citizensNo rights, no political rivals, no alternative ideologyGovt. controls radio and propaganda

Why now?

Joseph Stalin – Soviet Union

Post Lenin

Collective farms 10 million deaths

Great Terror 1936-38 Purge of traitors in Communist party (killed or labor camps)

“There are no bad collective farms under communism, there are only bad managers.”

Benito Mussolini - ItalyFascist Party 1919

National pride Black Shirts Anti socialist, anti communist

Italian King Emmanuel III March on Rome 1922 Weak, let BM become Prime Minister

Mussolini aka I’l Duce Took over everything

How did Stalin and Mussolini compare with one another?

Adolf Hitler - Germany Failed at art WWI veteran

Leader of National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi Party) 1921 Rebelled Mein Kampf in jail

Problems with Germany Against communist and Jewish Lebensraum

1933 Chancellor of Germany Economic policies recovered Germany

Der Fuhrer

Militarists Gain Control of Japan Great Depression Military takeover

Wanted expansion throughout Asia Natural resources and markets Manchuria Rape of Nanjing

No dictator Dictatorship-like military

Appeasement Granting potential enemy’s wishes to avoid conflict

France, Britain & U.S. Wanted to avoid second World War Soviets seen as real threat

Didn’t work more power to dictators

Led to Anschluss (Austria added to Hitler’s Reich)