Diagrams For Chapter 4 TestSkin

& Body Membranes

Anatomy & Physiology Honors

Instructor: Phyllis Smith

Jefferson Township High School

Figure 4.1a  Classes of epithelial membranes. (a) Cutaneous membrane.

Cutaneousmembrane (skin)

(a) Cutaneous membrane

Figure 4.1b  Classes of epithelial membranes. (b) Mucous membranes.

Mucosa ofnasal cavity

Mucosa oflung bronchi

Mucosa ofmouthEsophaguslining

(b) Mucous membranes

Figure 4.1c  Classes of epithelial membranes. (c) Serous membranes.

ParietalperitoneumVisceralperitoneum

(c) Serous membranes

Figure 4.1d  Classes of epithelial membranes. (d) Relationship between the parietal and visceral serous membrane layers.

Parietalpericardium

Visceralpericardium

Outer wall (comparable to parietal serosa)

Inner wall (comparable to visceral serosa)

Air or water (comparable to serous fluid)

Parietalpleura

Visceralpleura

(d)

Figure 4.2  A typical synovial joint.

Ligament

Fibrouscapsule

Synovialmembrane

Joint cavity(containssynovial fluid)

Articular (hyaline)cartilage

Articularcapsule

Figure 4.3  The epidermis of thick skin.

Figure 4.3  The epidermis of thick skin.

Epidermis•Stratum corneum

Dermis

•Stratum spinosum•Stratum basale

•Stratum granulosum

•Stratum lucidum

Skin structure

Sensory nerve fiberHair follicle receptor

Figure 4.4  Skin structure.

Epidermis

Dermis

Papillarylayer

Reticularlayer

Hypodermis(subcutan-eous tissue)

Hair root

Hair follicle

Hair shaft

PoreDermal papillae

Meissner’s corpuscleNervous structures:

Sebaceous (oil)gland

Arrector pilimuscle

Appendagesof the skin:

Sensory nerve fiber

Eccrine sweatgland

Pacinian corpuscle

Adipose (fat) tissue

Cutaneous blood vessels

Hair follicle receptor

Appendages of the Skin

Figure 4.6b

Appendages of the Skin

Figure 4.6a

Figure 4.7a  Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (a) Longitudinal section of a hair within its follicle.

(a)

Figure 4.7a  Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (a) Longitudinal section of a hair within its follicle.

Arrectorpili

Sebaceousgland

Hair root

Hair bulbin follicle

Hairshaft

(a)

Figure 4.7b  Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (b) Hair.

(b) Hair

Figure 4.7b  Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (b) Hair.

Cuticle

Cortex

Medulla

(b) Hair

Figure 4.7c   Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (c)  Enlarged longitudinal view of the expanded hair bulb in the follicle showing the matrix, the region of actively dividing epithelial cells that produces the hair.

(c)

Figure 4.7c   Structure of a hair and hair follicle. (c)  Enlarged longitudinal view of the expanded hair bulb in the follicle showing the matrix, the region of actively dividing epithelial cells that produces the hair.

Hairfollicle

Matrix (growthzone) in hair bulb

Connective tissuepapilla containingblood vessels

Melanocyte

Dermalsheath

Epidermalsheath

(c)

Figure 4.9a  Structure of a nail. (a) Surface view.

Surface view

Figure 4.9a  Structure of a nail. (a) Surface view.

Body ofnail

Lateralnail fold

Lunula

Cuticle

(a) Surface view

Figure 4.9b  Structure of a nail. (b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger.

(b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger

Figure 4.9b  Structure of a nail. (b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger.

Nailmatrix

Root ofnail

Proximalnail fold

Cuticle Body of nail

Nail bed

Free edgeof nail

Bone offingertip

Stratum basale

(b) Longitudinal section of the distal part of a finger