DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY TESTS

AIDS – enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE – magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); autopsy (confirmatory test)

ANGINA PECTORIS – electrocardiogram (ECG, ST segment depression)

ANEMIA - hemoglobin

APLASTIC ANEMIA – complete blood count (CBC)

ARRYTHMIA – holter monitoring (widening QRS complex); stress ECG

ATRIAL FIBRILATION – electrocardiogram (ECG, prolonged PR interval)

BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY – prostate specific antigen test (PSAT); serum acid phosphatase

BASAL/SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA & MALIGNANT MELANOMA – skin lesion biopsy

BREAST CANCER – mammography; aspiration biopsy (confirmatory test)

COLON CANCER – biopsy (confirmatory test); stool analysis; sigmoidoscopy; colonoscopy

COLOR BLINDNESS (red, blue, green,white) – ishihara test

COUMADIN THERAPY – prothrombin time (PT)

CYSTIC FIBROSIS – sweat test (chloride in the sweat)

DENGUE – torniquet test (herman’s sign); platelet count (more reliable)

DIABETES MELLITUS – fasting blodd sugar (FBS); glycosylated hemoglobin (more accurate)

DIGOXIN THERAPY – serum potassium

DIURETIC THERAPY – serum potassium

DUODENAL ULCER – esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

ESOPHAGEAL CANCER – esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

FILARIASIS – nocturnal blood exam (NEB) at PM; immunochromatographic test (ICT) at AM

GASTRIC CANCER – gastroscopy; EGD; stool analysis

GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX – stool analysis

GESTATIONAL DIABETES – benedict’s test

GOUTY ARTHRITIS – serum uric acid

GLAUCOMA – gonioscopy

HEPARIN THERAPY – partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

HISTOPLASMOSIS – histoplasmin skin test (confirmatory)

HIV - elisa

HYPERTHYROIDISM – t3; t4

IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA – platelet count

INTUSSUSCEPTION – barium swallow

LEPROSY – lepromin skin test (confirmatory); biopsy

LEUKEMIA – bone marrow aspiration (confirmatory); white blood cell count

LITHIUM THERAPY – serum sodium

LIVER CIRRHOSIS – alanine aminotransfearase (ALT, first enzyme to increase); aspartate aminotransferase (AST, last enzyme to increase)

MALARIA – blood smear

MONOCHROMASIA (all colors are gray) – ishihara test

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION – electrocardiogram (ECG, ST segment elevation, pathologic Q wave, T wave inversion);coronary angiography (site of atheroma formation);myoglobin (first enzyme to increase); creatinine phosphokinase (CRK-MB);troponin (most accurate enzyme)

MENINGITIS – lumbar puncture

MYASTHENIA GRAVIS - tensilon's test

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME - blood urea nitrogen (BUN); creatinine clearance (more reliable)

PANCREATITIS – serum amylase

PERNICIOUS ANEMIA – schilling’s test

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA – vanillyl mandelic acid test

POLIOMYELITIS – pandy’s test

PNEUMONIA – sputum exam (confirmatory); chest x-ray (more exudates in the alveoli); erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR); white blood cell count

PNEUMOTHORAX – chest x-ray (to see the lungs’ normal expansion)

RENAL FAILURE – blood urea nitrogen (BUN); creatinine clearance (more reliable)

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS – erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA – hemoglobin S

STATUS EPILEPTICUS/SEIZURE DISORDERS – electroencephalogram (EEG)

SYPHILIS – veneral disease research laboratory (VDRL)

TPN/HYPERALIMENTATION FEEDING – blood glucose (for hyperglycemia)

Tuberculosis – mantoux test (screening test); sputum acid fast bacilli (confirmatory test)

URINARY TRACT INFECTION – urine analysis