development of an arcgis toolbox for semi-automated urban ...€¦ · development of an arcgis...
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Development of an ArcGIS ToolBox for Semi-Automated Urban Modeling
Elizah S. Dasari, Research Assistant
Northrop Grumman Center for HPC
Jackson State UniversityJackson, MS 39204
(601) [email protected]
Dr. Marvin D. Watts, Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science
Jackson State UniversityJackson, MS 39217
(601) [email protected]
Dr. Shahrouz K. Aliabadi, Professor and Director
Northrop Grumman Center for HPC
Jackson State UniversityJackson, MS 39204
(601) [email protected]
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Overview
• Project Description• Project Objective• Background• Model Development (v1.0)• Model Development (v1.1)• Future Work
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Project Description• Improve the blast damage predictions and
calculation of evacuation distances for explosions in dense urban environments.– Develop a fast-running, easy-to-use software
package derived from the ORNL VISAC (Visual Interactive Site Analysis Code) code.
– Combine: • Updated correlation modeling for urban blast and
fragmentation, with • Improved rapid geometry construction techniques and
graphical results presentation.
• Create a version of VISAC optimized for responding to Improvised Explosive Device (IED) threats in densely populated urban areas.
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Project Description
Generic Power Plant facility.
VISAC Facility Modeler.Interior of Generic Power Plant facility.
Generic Power Plant facility w/ transparency.
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units feetvisac name bldg1visac ground 0.0visac floors 0.0 20.0visac sinkage 1.0visac description Office building/* Floors */in bldg1f.s1 rpp 8 103 162 402 -1 0/* Walls */in bldg1w.s1 rpp 8 103 162 162.5 0 20in bldg1w.s2 rpp 8 8.5 162.5 401.5 0 20in bldg1w.s3 rpp 102.99 103 162.5 401.5 0 20in bldg1w.s4 rpp 8 103 401.5 402 0 20/* Roof */in bldg1r.s1 rpp 8 103 162 402 20 20.5in totalbldg1.s1 rpp 8 103 162 402 -1 20.5in toptotal.s1 rpp 8 103 162 402 0.00 1.00in sinkbldg1.s1 rpp 8 103 162 402 -1 20.5visac total u totalbldg1.s1 visac toptotal u toptotal.s1 visac soil sinkbldg1.s1 /* Regions *//* Floors */regdef 5301 0 100 500r bldg1f.r1 u bldg1f.s1 /* Walls */regdef 5401 0 100 500r bldg1w.r1 u bldg1w.s1 r bldg1w.r2 u bldg1w.s2 r bldg1w.r3 u bldg1w.s3 r bldg1w.r4 u bldg1w.s4 /* Roofs */regdef 5501 0 100 500r bldg1r.r1 u bldg1r.s1/* Groups */g bldg1 bldg1f.r1 bldg1w.r1 bldg1w.r2 bldg1w.r3 bldg1w.r4 bldg1r.r1
groundLevel 0.0center 450.0 170.0bldg1.txt8.00 402.0 1.0 0.0 255 255 0bldg2.txt0.00 90.0 1.0 0.0 225 225 0
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Project Objective
• Develop an ESRI ArcToolBox that:– Leverages commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS)
software– Generates Open Geospatial Consortium
(OGC) CityGML standard level of detail one (LoD1) and two (LoD2) building models from high resolution imagery and digital elevation models (DEM)
– Supports blast analysis applications, specifically VISAC
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Background
• Leveraging COTS software:– Feature Analyst
• Automated Feature Extraction through Inductive Learning
– ArcGIS ModelBuilder• Feature Fusion through Geo-processing
– Feature Manipulation Engine• Feature Formatting through Semantic Translation
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Background
• Generating OGC CityGML LoD1 and LoD2 building models from high resolution imagery and digital elevation models (DEM):– The OGC CityGML Encoding Standard establishes 5
well-defined consecutive Levels of Detail.– These Levels of Detail include differing accuracy and
minimal dimension requirements.– Furthermore, they provide a means of identifying and
categorizing the necessary data sources for creating building models
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Background
• 5 Levels of Detail
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Background
• Data Sets– Mississippi Automated Resource Information
System (MARIS)• Aerial Imagery
– Coastal One Foot and Six Inch Imagery– One Meter Color Infrared Imagery
• Digital Elevation Model– County 10-Meter Digital Elevation Model
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Background
• Supporting blast analysis applications, specifically VISAC:– Geometric information is stored by VISAC in text files
compatible with the BRL-CAD format.– VISAC uses a constructive solid geometry (CSG)
approach to solid modeling.• An object is represented as a Boolean combination of simple
primitive shapes.
– This is in contrast to boundary representation (BREP) modeling.
• An object is represented by a set of surfaces (e.g. triangles) that are “stitched” together to enclose the object.
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Model Development (v1.0)
• Feature Analyst v4.2• Automatic feature extraction tool for object-specific
extraction from GIS imagery.• Feature extraction is dependent upon:
– Input Bands (spectral class)– Input Representation (information class)– Hierarchical Learning Algorithm
• Used here to process aerial imagery.
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Model Development (v1.0)
• Feature Analyst v4.2 Workflow
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Model Development (v1.0)• Feature Analyst v4.2 Extraction
Input Aerial Image Input Training Set
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Model Development (v1.0)• Feature Analyst v4.2 Extraction
Initial Feature Extraction Clutter Removal
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Model Development (v1.0)• Feature Analyst v4.2 Extraction
Manual Clean Up Detailed Feature
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Simplify Building Tool
• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Tool– Simplify Building
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Model Development (v1.0)
• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2– Model Inputs
• 2D Building Extraction• Building Base Height• Building Roof Height• Thickness (walls, floor and roof)
– Model Outputs• Roof shapefile with attributes• Walls shapefile with attributes• Floor shapefile with attributes
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Model Development (v1.0)
• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Model Workflow
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Model Development (v1.0)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Model Workflow
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Model Development (v1.0)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Model Workflow
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Model Development (v1.0)
• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Output– Mississippi Coast Coliseum and Convention
Center• Biloxi, Mississippi
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Floor with 1’ Thickness
Walls with 1’ Thickness
Roof with 1’ Thickness
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ArcScene View of Model Output
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ArcScene View of Model Output
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ArcScene View of Model Output
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Model Development (v1.0)• Feature Manipulation Engine v2010
– A spatial extract, transform, and load (ETL) tool for GIS data interoperability.
– Readers and Writers• MultiReader / MultiWriter• CityGML• USGS DEM• Text Feature Store• Text File• Custom
Custom Transformer Development• Extrusion• Polygon Decomposition
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Model Development (v1.0)
• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow Drawbacks– Redundant Data– Incorporating Terrain Data – Inaccurate Geo-processing
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Model Development (v1.1)
• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow– Consolidate building and terrain features into
a single Multipatch file.
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Model Development (v1.1)
– ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Model Parameters• Model Inputs
– 2D Building Extraction– Digital Elevation Model
• Model Outputs– Multipatch file
» Terrain data stored as a TIN» Building data stored as a Ring» Z-field used to store Height» M-field used to store Thickness
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Model Development (v1.1)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow
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Model Development (v1.1)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow
Building Footprint with Base Height from DEM
DEM Points with Erased Features
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Model Development (v1.1)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow
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Model Development (v1.1)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow
TIN With Building Footprint
Interpolated MultiPatch Building Shapefile from TIN
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Model Development (v1.1)• ArcGIS ModelBuilder v9.2 Workflow
TIN with Building Footprint Erased
Interpolated TIN as MultiPatch Shapefile
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ArcScene View of Model Output
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ArcScene View of Model Output
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Future Work• Upgrade ArcToolBox Toolsets
– Feature Analyst v5.0– ArcGIS Desktop v10.0– Feature Manipulation Engine v2011
• Additional Input Data Sets– Oblique/Stereo Imagery (FA v5.0)
• Building Height– Digital Surface Model
• Differentiated Roof Structures• Building Height
– Architectural Drawings (DWG/DXF)• Wall Thickness• Interior Space Details