developing learning by teaching environments that support self-regulated learning gautam biswas,...
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Developing Learning by Teaching Environments that
support Self-Regulated Learning
Gautam Biswas, Krittaya Leelawong, Kadira Belynne, Karun Viswanath,
Daniel Schwartz, and Joan Davis
Dept. of EECS & ISIS, Box 1824 Sta B, Vanderbilt UniversitySchool of Education, Stanford University
International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems 20042004
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OutlineOutline
► IntroductionIntroduction► Learning by Teaching: previous workLearning by Teaching: previous work► A new approach: Betty’s BrainA new approach: Betty’s Brain► A computational architecture for Betty’s A computational architecture for Betty’s
BrainBrain► ExperimentsExperiments► ConclusionConclusion
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IntroductionIntroduction
► Intelligent Tutoring SystemIntelligent Tutoring System Curriculum sequencingCurriculum sequencing Intelligent analysis of student’s solutionsIntelligent analysis of student’s solutions Interactive problemInteractive problem Do not set learning goals and to apply strategies
► The learning process must help studentsThe learning process must help students Constructivist learning Exploratory learning metacognitive strategies
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IntroductionIntroduction
► Learning-by-teaching is an open-ended and self-directed activity Exploratory and constructivist learning Good learners bring structure to a domain by
asking the right questions Good teachers build on the learners’ knowledge
to organize information
► Learning by teaching paradigmLearning by teaching paradigm Students teach computer agentsStudents teach computer agents
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Learning by Teaching: previous Learning by Teaching: previous workwork
► Limitation Limitation knowledge structures is difficult to uncover, analyze,
and learn outcome feedback is less effective than cognitive fee
dback►On the positive
increased motivation► suggestion
use metacognitive strategies to promote learning
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A new approach: Betty’s BrainA new approach: Betty’s Brain
► Structure of the learner-as-teacherStructure of the learner-as-teacher► Embody 4 principles of designEmbody 4 principles of design
Teach through visual representations that organize the reasoning structures
well-known teaching interactions to organize student activity
The agents have independent performances that provide feedback on how well they have been taught
Low start-up costs of teaching the agent
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A new approach: Betty’s BrainA new approach: Betty’s Brain
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A new approach: Betty’s BrainA new approach: Betty’s Brain
► Four agentsFour agents the teachable agent, Betty the mentor agent, Mr. Davis the student agent the environment agent
► All agents interact through the Environment Agent
► Each agent only contacts to the Environment Agent
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A new approach: Betty’s BrainA new approach: Betty’s Brain
► ScaffoldScaffold Well-organized online resourcesWell-organized online resources Structured quiz questionsStructured quiz questions
► FeedbackFeedback Provide hints on how to know and how to teachProvide hints on how to know and how to teach
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A new approach: Betty’s BrainA new approach: Betty’s Brain
►When a student begins teachingWhen a student begins teaching Set goal on what to teachSet goal on what to teach Gain the relevant knowledgeGain the relevant knowledge
►MentorMentor Seek further informationSeek further information
► BettyBetty QuizzesQuizzes ReportReport
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A computational architecture for A computational architecture for Betty’sBetty’s
►Each agent has a Monitor, Decision Maker, Memory, and an Executive
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ExperimentsExperiments
► 3 equal groups of 15 students3 equal groups of 15 students Pretest with 12 questionPretest with 12 question Six 45-minutes sessions over a period of 3 weeksSix 45-minutes sessions over a period of 3 weeks Posttest with 12 question was the same as Posttest with 12 question was the same as
pretestpretest
► seven weeks laterseven weeks later A memory testA memory test A preparation for future learning transfer testA preparation for future learning transfer test
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ExperimentsExperiments
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ExperimentsExperiments
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ExperimentsExperiments
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ExperimentsExperiments
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ConclusionConclusion
► SRL in understanding and transfer perform SRL in understanding and transfer perform goodgood