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OnDetection and

analysis of Pesticides pollution

Learning outcomes: Definition of pesticides Definition of pesticides pollution. Causes of pesticides Types of analysis and detection Importance of pesticide pollution

detection and analysis

What is pesticides ?

The term ‘pesticide’ is described as agrochemicals that are used to control and remove any pest that competes with human for food, destroys properties and carries diseases.The most harmful pesticides are organochlorine pesticides, namely aldrin , endrin, clordane, mirex, toxaphene and hexachlorobenzene.

What is pesticide pollution?

Pesticide pollution is a major environmental

Problem. The chemicals found in pesticides

cause pollution when they get into contact with

soil, water and air. The chemicals normally bring

mostly negative impacts to the environment.

Many of them are considered to be

particularly hazardous compounds and toxic

because they inhibit fundamental metabolic

pathways .

Causes of pesticides pollution By running off agricultural fields to

nearby water sources during rainfall. Not all of the applied chemicals reach

the target sites. Some chemicals go deep into the soil

and take many time to be broken down Improper storing, mixing, and loading

of pesticides . Improper storing, mixing, and loading

of pesticides .

Detection and analysis can be carried out by using:

A gas chromatography with a atomic emission detector

A detector switching system A Biosensor

Pesticide analysis by gas chromatography with atomic emission detector.

An atomic emission detector, consists of a microwave-induced helium plasma and atomic emission spectrometer.

Detect any element in the periodic table (except helium) from a gas chromatography.

It is used for the detection and elemental characterization of 27 different pesticides.

A detector switching system There are two types of detector namely selective

detector and multiple detector. A selective detector is effective for impurity

components derived from agricultural crops. A multiple detector is required for the selective

detector of all pesticides components. The system obtain accurate analytical

information with no deterioration in sensitivity.

An example of an analysis by detector switching

ECD and FCD

Electron Capture detector (ECD) ECD offers high sensitivity analysis

of chlorinated pesticides.

Flame Photometric Detector (FPD) FPD detects organophosphate

pesticides.

Enzyme based Biosensor Biosensors are potentially useful as they detect pesticides

quickly and have been active in the research area for some years.

Examples of enzymes used by the biosensors are cholinesterase, aldehyde dehydrogenase,

acetolactate synthase and ascorbate oxidase. Biosensors have been defined as analytical devices which

tightly combine bio-recognition elements (enzyme, antibody, microorganism or DNA) with

physical transducers for detection of the target compounds.

The enzyme-based sensors measure the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction as the basis for their response, any physical measurement which yields a quantity related to this rate can be used for detection.

Picture of a biosensor

Importance of pesticides pollution analysis and detection

Overdose of pesticides may cause resistant pest and decrease biodiversity in soil.

It gets wash away accidentally in waterways due to heavy rainfall thus causing water pollution.(eutrophication)

Pesticides contributes to air pollution. It occurs when pesticides that are applied to crops blow by winds in certain areas, potentially posing a threat to wildlife.

Questions

The presentation is presented by:

Soobhun.M FaadilCashimir Robinson

Thank You