designing a great user experience
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Designing A Great User Experience
Presented by Steve Hickey — fresh tilled soil
fresh tilled soil
Designing AGreat User Experience
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
About Your Instructor
Hi, I’m Steve Hickey.
I design and develop for Fresh Tilled Soil.
I write, speak and teach.
You can find me on Twitter @stevehickeydsgn
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
01What is User Experience Design?UI vs UX and select principles of user experience design
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
UI VS. UX Design
User Interface Design is:A component of User Experience Design. It’s the look and the feel, the form.
User Experience Design is:The bigger picture. How well does the site/app function? Is it pleasant to use? Can a user accomplish their goals with ease?
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
UI VS. UX Design
How do I feel while using the product?
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
UI VS. UX Design
All of the pieces of building a product affect the UX.
Excellent user interface design is part of what creates a great user experience. But you can have a great UI with a terrible experience.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Select Principles
Let’s talk about some of the things that a great user experience designer must keep in mind when building a truly amazing product for the web.
This list is not exhaustive, but the provided sources have a lot more info.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from others.
alistapart.com/article/your-website-has-two-faces
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
In other words, there are certain constraints that must be embraced to balance human needs with computer needs for a robust web application.
• It must accept input in a human-friendly fashion.
• It must accept the burden of translating info to a computer-friendly format.
• It must be clear about what human input is reasonable.
• It must provide feedback on this input.
alistapart.com/article/your-website-has-two-faces
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Err towards making it easier for the user.
alistapart.com/article/your-website-has-two-faces
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Phone Number:Submit
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Phone Number:1 (508) 833-8469 Submit
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Phone Number:1 (508) 833-8469 Submit
Error: must be entered in this format: 555-867-5309
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Phone Number:example: 508-833-8469 Submit
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Phone Number:
example: 508-833-8469
Submit
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Robustness Principle
Phone Number:__ __ __ - __ __ __ - __ __ __ __ Submit
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Pareto Principle
For many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes.
measuringusability.com/blog/pareto-ux.php
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Pareto Principle
In other words, focusing on the top 20% of your bugs and design problems can fix 80% of the problems encountered by your users.
Or, 80% of your users will only use 20% of your features/options.
measuringusability.com/blog/pareto-ux.php
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Pareto Principle
Country:Afghanistan Submit
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Pareto Principle
Country:United States of America SubmitAfghanistan
AlbaniaAlgeriaAmerican SamoaAndorraAngolaAnguillaAntarcticaAntigua And BarbudaArgentinaArmeniaAruba
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Pareto Principle
Country:United States of America SubmitUnited States of America
CanadaUnited KingdomAustralia------------------------------AfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAmerican SamoaAndorraAngolaAnguilla
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Fitts’s Law
The time required to rapidly move to a target area is a function of the distance to
the target and the size of the target.
codinghorror.com/blog/2006/08/fitts-law-and-infinite-width.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Fitts’s Law
In other words, the farther away a touch/click target is from where the user starts, the larger it needs to be in order for it to be quickly and
accurately reached.
Two ways to make frequently used items easier to click/tap:1: Put them near the edge of the screen.2. Make them larger than other items.
codinghorror.com/blog/2006/08/fitts-law-and-infinite-width.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Fitts’s Law
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Fitts’s Law
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Principle of Least Astonishment
When two elements of an interface conflict or are ambiguous, the behavior should be
that which will least surprise the user.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_least_astonishment
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Principle of Least Astonishment
In other words, the best result of an action is whatever the user is most likely to expect, not the result that comes through in depth knowledge.
This will change from system to system. Mac OSX users could expect something different than Microsoft Windows users. Android and iOS have
different design patterns for different interactions as well.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_least_astonishment
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Principle of Least Astonishment
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
The Principle of Least Astonishment
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Dieter Rams: Principle 10
Good design is as little design as possible.
vitsoe.com/us/about/good-design
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Dieter Rams: Principle 10
He also stated this as “less, but better.” Many would refer to it as simplicity.
vitsoe.com/us/about/good-design
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Dieter Rams: Principle 10
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Dieter Rams: Principle 10
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 6
One primary action per screen.
bokardo.com/principles-of-user-interface-design/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 6
Screens or states with more than one primary action become confusing. It’s better for any screen to have one primary reason for existing.
bokardo.com/principles-of-user-interface-design/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 6
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 6
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 17
Great design is invisible.
bokardo.com/principles-of-user-interface-design/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 17
An interface shouldn’t distract a user from what they are trying to accomplish, which is the reason the interface exists in the first place. Turn
the special effects down a notch.
bokardo.com/principles-of-user-interface-design/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 17
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Joshua Porter: Principle 17
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
BJ Fogg’s Behavior Model
Three factors drive behavior: motivation, ability and triggers.
ability
motivatio
n
HighLow
Low
High Target behavior
Triggers fail here.
Triggers succeed here.
behaviormodel.org/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
BJ Fogg’s Behavior Model
The amount of motivation and ability required vary based on how much of the other is present. These must be combined with an effective trigger for a
target behavior to happen.
All three are required to persuade a user to do something.
behaviormodel.org/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
BJ Fogg’s Behavior Model
Motivation happens on three spectrums:
Sensation: Pleasure <> PainAnticipation: Hope <> Fear
Social Cohesion: Acceptance <> Rejection
behaviormodel.org/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
BJ Fogg’s Behavior Model
You can increase ability in two ways:
Train Your User: Harder to do but sometimes necessary.Make The Target Behavior Easier: Usually the right thing to do.
behaviormodel.org/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
BJ Fogg’s Behavior Model
In other words, make it simpler.
Think of simplicity as a function of your scarcest resource at the moment in which you want to accomplish something. Time and money fit this model.
behaviormodel.org/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Resources
You can read a lot more at these sites:
Joshua Porter: bokardo.com/principles-of-user-interface-design/Dieter Rams: vitsoe.com/us/about/good-design
Jeremy Keith: principles.adactio.com/BJ Fogg: behaviormodel.org/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
02Methods of Effective UX DesignThe habits of highly effective UX designers
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Methods
Every UX designer’s process is different, but the way successful ones approach their process include some useful commonalities.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
Your best idea is never your first. Don’t tell me it is, I don’t believe you. Come up with 5 ideas. Come up with 10. Come up with 20!
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
The point is to get the obvious out of your system. Once you’ve gotten past that you can really start to be creative and innovative.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
teehanlax.com/story/medium/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
teehanlax.com/story/medium/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
teehanlax.com/story/medium/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
teehanlax.com/story/medium/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
teehanlax.com/story/medium/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
1. Be Prolific
teehanlax.com/story/medium/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
2. Collaborate
Nobody works well in a vacuum. When you don’t seek outside opinions you can get trapped and focus on things that may not be as important.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
2. Collaborate
Other opinions will break you out of mental traps and improve your work.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
2. Collaborate
designstaff.org/articles/product-design-sprint-day-2-diverge-2012-10-26.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
3. Iterate
The best way to test your assumptions is to make something. You’ll get a lot of stuff wrong, but there’s no better way to learn about your problems
and move beyond them.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
3. Iterate
Fail early and often and you’ll set yourself up better for eventual success.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
3. Iterate
azarask.in/blog/post/iterative_design_isnt_design_by/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
4. Be Flexible
As you work you’ll realize that previous assumptions needs to be changed. You shouldn’t think of deliverables as a checklist, they are a web of
connected items.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
4. Be Flexible
Each change has the potential to affect every other deliverable.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
03Artifacts of a UX Design ProcessThe things we build
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Definition Statement
1. What is the product’s experience? 2. What is the product meant to do? 3. What is the product’s audience?
iosworkshops.com/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Definition Statement
This should be short. A couple of sentences, a brief paragraph at most.
It is the guiding principle of what you’re building.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Types & User Personas
User types rely on existing data and informed assumptions to decide what distinct types of users you have and what they will want to accomplish.
They aren’t complicated, they’re just a quick way of remembering the differences in your primary users and their objectives.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Types & User Personas
User personas are much more involved, requiring research and interviews with actual potential users, and typically take weeks or months to compile.
Findings are compiled into categories, then assigned traits, habits, names and photos so that they are visible and easy to remember as you work.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Types & User Personas
uxmag.com/articles/personas-the-foundation-of-a-great-user-experience
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Types & User Personas
Whether you decide to deal with user types or user personas is a question of resources and time, but using at least one of them tends to remind you
that your users are real.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Stories & Features
As a { type } user, I would like to { task/objective }.
These become your features. Have you come up with a feature idea that doesn’t fit into a user story? It may not be nearly as important as you
thought it was.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Stories & Features
https://www.apptrajectory.com/
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Site Map & User Journeys
Features are going to fit into logical groups that define pages and flows. Placing these into a site map will help you create the appropriate
relationships between components, and show you just how simple or complex your plan is.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Wireframes & Sketches
Your wireframes are the blueprints for your product. They generally consist of layouts of the pages and flows you listed previously.
They help make sure all functionality is available, and that there is a logical hierarchy. Beyond those basics, wireframes really shouldn’t be used to
dictate design decisions.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Wireframes & Sketches
Wireframes don’t even have to be high fidelity to be effective. Sketches can make excellent wireframes if they’re complete and well rendered.
As another advantage, sketches are much faster to produce and iterate through than other, higher fidelity methods of wireframing.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Wireframes & Sketches
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Wireframes & Sketches
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Wireframes & Sketches
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Wireframes & Sketches
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Prototypes
Prototypes are a bit more advanced than wireframes. They mimic completed functionality to the point that you can run tests with a user.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Prototypes
They can be as small as a single piece of functionality, or they can mimic a completed product in every meaningful way. They are used to test a product
without building it.
A good prototype helps you decide what to build.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Prototypes
alistapart.com/article/dive-into-responsive-prototyping-with-foundation
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Prototypes
These products can help you prototype:
Foundation: foundation.zurb.comBootstrap: twitter.github.io/bootstrap
Ratchet: maker.github.io/ratchetFlinto: flinto.com
Briefs: giveabrief.comPOP: popapp.in
Xcode/Storyboard: blog.mengto.com/prototype-xcode-storyboard
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
User Tests
A user test helps you validate whatever you decided to build.
You can test a finished product and get lots of great information, but the greatest advantage is conferred when you are able to start testing early.
We’ll discuss this more in the next section.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
04What to Build and WhyYour first test
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
So, what Should I build?
Whatever you can. Sometimes that’s not much. But ask yourself this:
Would you rather invest years and millions of dollars into building something only to find out nobody can figure out how it works? Or even
worse, that nobody wants it?
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Prototype
For us, the answer is often a prototype. We aren’t back-end developers, we don’t employ back-end developers. If we aren’t working with a dev team yet we still need to build something to test. Fortunately, front-end tech makes
it easy to fake a back-end.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Minimum Viable Product
For startups and product companies a minimum viable product is often the answer. An MVP is popular in Lean circles. Building one means building the
smallest thing you can learn something from. Build it, test it, learn from those tests, build something new.
It is the smallest amount of effort you can go to and still get validated learning from it.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Usability Testing
Regardless of what you build, you should test it with real users. Assumptions are often wrong, and a user test will uncover that quickly.
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
A morning a month, that’s all we ask.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
Start earlier than you think makes sense.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
Recruit loosely and grade on a curve.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
Make it a spectator sport.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
Focus ruthlessly on a small number of the most important problems.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
When fixing problems, always do the least you can do.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Steve Krug’s Maxims of User Testing
Read this. Thank me later. I’ll let Steve know I’m expecting a commission.
sensible.com/rsme.html
fresh tilled soil Designing A Great User Experience
Q&A
We’ll do Q&A now.
If you’re looking for some of the sources I used,
you can find this presentation on Slideshare:
goo.gl/MAbqN