Design Problem 3 Design a pure grid-tie, PV system for the Hindu Temple.

• Assume Roof-top mount • The roof is flat • What kind of mounting system would you use? • Pick PV modules • How many PV modules will fit? • Stay back from air conditioners to avoid shade. • Use Satcon or Xantrex inverter • Distance from PV to inverters = 100’ • The building voltage is 3 phase, 208 V • How many kWh will this produce? • Do the wire sizing for each part of the system:

a. PV to roof-top j-box/combiner b. j-box/combiner to inverter c. inverter to main circuit box

• Make a To Do list for this job See diagram for roof dimensions. Some flat roof PV systems: Ballasted pan tilt-up ballasted feet, low slope ballasted pan flat

SunWize SW150/155/160, 24V solar modules deliver top-quality performance for all photovoltaic applications including rural electrification, lighting, telemetry, telecommunications, and battery charging. SunWize modules can be used in single-module and multiple-module installations and are ideal for high voltage grid-tied inverters. Each module consists of 72 solar cells connected in series providing maximum charging power. Anodized aluminum channel frames add strength and durability and are constructed to withstand constant wind speeds of 110 mph and gusts to 133 mph. SW150 module frames have pre-drilled mounting holes.

FEATURES:• Single crystalline solar cells are encapsulated and bonded to the glass in multiple layers of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and laminated with a white Tedlar™ backing insuring long life in severe environmental conditions.

• The glass surface allows maximum light transmission and is impact resistant to hailstone forces up to 5 ft-lbs.

• A weather resistant junction box accommodates all wiring methods including moisture-tight strain relief connectors and electrical conduit.

• Dual bypass diodes contained within the junction box insure reliable operation.

• #10 AWG USE-2, 30” lead wires with MC™ connectors.

• SW modules are UL listed and manufactured in accordance to ISO 9002 standards, ISPRA certified to IEC 61215.

• All SunWize modules carry a 25-year, 80% power output warranty.

SunWize® SW150/155/160 Solar Module

RELIABLE PEOPLE ::: RELIABLE PRODUCTS ::: RELIABLE POWER

1155 Flatbush Road, Kingston NY USA 12401 • Tel: 845-336-0146 • Fax: 845-336-0457 • www.sunwize.com

Model RatedPower RatedVoltage RatedCurrent OpenCircuit ShortCircuit Dimensions UnitWgt (Watts) (Vmp) (Imp) (Voc) (Isc) (Inches) (lbs)

SW150 150 33.4 4.50 42.0 5.11 66.61x30.27x1.65 44

SW155 155 33.4 4.65 42.0 5.28 66.61x30.27x1.65 44

SW160 160 33.4 4.79 42.0 5.43 66.61x30.27x1.65 44

ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS: ±10% @25ºC @ 1000W/M2

SunWize SW150/155/160 watt solar module66.61

17.56

30.27 28.54

31.5

1.25

1.65

.56MECHANICALDIMENSIONS(inches)

ø.275Mounting

Holes

(+)(-)

HIT PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULESModels: HIP-180BA3, HIP-186BA3, HIP-190BA3, HIP-195BA3, HIP-200BA3, HIP-205BA3

Proprietary TechnologySANYO HIT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin layer) solar cells are hybrids of single crystalline silicon surrounded by ultra-thin amorphous silicon layers.

High EfficiencySANYO HIT solar panels are a leader in cell and module efficiency. With models up to 16.2 Watts per sq. foot (17.4% module efficiency) you obtain maximum power within a fixed amount of space. You save costs for using fewer support materials, wiring, and spend less time installing. The powerful modules are ideal for grid-connected solar systems, areas with performance-based incentives, and renewable energy credits.

Temperature AttributesAs temperatures rise, SANYO HIT solar panels produce more electricity (kWh) than conventional crystalline silicon solar panels at the same temperature.

Unique Structure SANYO HIT solar panels have a black anodized double-wall aluminum frame. The panels come pre-equipped with a touch-safe junction box, lead wires, MCTM plug-n-play connectors, and a unique mounting lip, all of which help to minimize support structure materials, installation time and costs.

Valuable Features SANYO HIT solar panels have no moving parts and weigh less than 31 pounds (14kg). The panels are 100% emission and noise free. The panels come with a 20-year Limited Power Output Warranty and a 2-year Limited Product Workmanship Warranty. Panels are UL 1703 safety rated for wind, fire and hail. You can transport the panels to a site using less space and our eco-package minimizes cardboard waste deposited in a customer’s trash.

Quality, Ratings, ReliabilitySANYO silicon wafers are manufactured in the USA, and the panels are assembled in Mexico. All SANYO solar factories in North America are ISO 9001 and 14001 certified. The panels undergo strict inspections to ensure electrical, mechanical, environmental, and visual compliance. SANYO’s conservative model ratings give customers more kWh per rated kW, and assist to more accurately predict performance and financial economics.

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19Time (Hours)

Nor

mal

ized

Out

put P

ower

1.0

0.5

0

SANYO HIT

C-Si

10% More Energy

Increased Energy When Using SANYO HITModule Temperature 75°C

Kobe, Japan

28 July ’02

Faced due South

Tilt angle 30゜

© 10 August 2006Sanyo Energy (USA) Corp.

Power Output: 180 - 205 WattsCell Efficiency: 17.8% - 20.2%

Module Efficiency: 15.3% - 17.4%

Unnecessary Section When Using SANYO HIT

SANYO HIT Solar Cell Structure

! CAUTION! Read the operating instructions carefully before use of these products.

Visit www.sanyo.com or contact our Authorized Representatives

for more information:

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

0 20 40 60 80

Dependence on Irradiance

(Reference Data for 200 Watt Model)

Cell Temp. 20oC

Voltage (V)

Cur

rent

(A)

1000W/m2

800W/m2

600W/m2

400W/m2

200W/m2

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

0 20 40 60 80

0 oC

25 oC

50 oC75 oC

Dependence on Temperature

AM-1.5, 1000W/m2

Voltage (V)

Cur

rent

(A)

(Reference Data for 200 Watt Model)

Note: Specifications and products above may change without

notice.

Dimensions

SideFront Back

Connector (MC™ Plug)

Junction Box

Label

negative ( - ) positive ( + )

Ground Hole (1 place)

894 (35.2) 35 (1.4) 440 (17.3)

1319

(51.

9)

112

(4.4

)

Unit: mm (Inches)

18.3 (0.7)

35 (1

.4)

Section A-A’

Electrical Specifications 180 186 190 195 200 205Rated Pow er (Pmax)1 W 180 186 190 195 200 205Maximum Pow er Voltage (Vpm) V 54.0 54.4 54.8 55.3 55.8 56.7Maximum Pow er Current (Ipm) A 3.33 3.42 3.47 3.53 3.59 3.62Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) V 66.4 67.0 67.5 68.1 68.7 68.8Short Circuit Current (Isc) A 3.65 3.71 3.75 3.79 3.83 3.84Minimum Pow er (Pmin) W 162.0 167.4 171.0 175.5 180.0 184.5Max System Voltage (Vsys) V 600 600 600 600 600 600Series Fuse Rating A 15 15 15 15 15 15Temperature Coefficient (Pmax) %/oC -0.33 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 -0.29 -0.29Temperature Coefficient (Voc) V/oC -0.173 -0.168 -0.169 -0.170 -0.172 -0.172Temperature Coefficient (Isc) mA/oC 1.10 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.88Electrical Tolerance % +/- 10 +/- 10 +/- 10 +/- 10 +/- 10 +/- 10PTC Rating2 W 168.0 174.9 178.7 183.5 188.7 193.4Cell Ef ficiency % 17.8 18.4 18.8 19.3 19.7 20.2Module Efficiency % 15.3 15.8 16.1 16.5 17.0 17.4Pow er per Square Foot W 14.2 14.7 15.0 15.4 15.8 16.2

Mechanical SpecificationsInternal Bypass Diodes Module Area (m2)Weight (kg)NOCT (oC)

Dimensions LxWxH (mm)Cable Length -Male/+Female (mm)Cable Size / Connector TypeStatic Load Wind / Snow (Pa)Pallet Dimensions LxWxH (mm)Pieces per Full Pallet / Weight (kg)Quantity per 20'/40'/53' Container

Standard Operating Conditions (SOC) and Safety RatingsSOC Temperature3

SOC Relative HumidityHail Safety Impact VelocityFire Safety Classif ication Safety & Rating Certif icationsLimited Warranties

50PSF (2400Pa) / 39PSF (1876Pa)53x36x63in (1346x912x1600mm)

36pcs / 1102 Lbs (500kg)360pcs / 756pcs / 972pcs

Models HIP-xxxBA3

51.9x35.2x1.4in (1319x894x35mm)30.7/24.8in (780/630mm)

No.12 AWG / MCTM Connectors

4 Bypass Diodes12.69 Ft2 (1.18m2)

112oF (44.2oC)30.86 Lbs. (14kg)

-4oF to 104oF3 (-20oC to 40oC)45% to 95%

1" hailstone (25mm) at 52mph (23m/s)Class C

UL 1703, cUL, CEC2 Years Workmanship / 20 Years Pow er Output

1STC: Cell Temp. 25oC, AM1.5, 1000W/m2 2PTC: Ambient Temp. 20oC, AM1.5, 1000W/m2, 1m/s Wind 3Range defined as the monthly average low and high of the installation location

Copyright © 2006 by Satcon Power systems, All rights reserved Page 1 of 2

 

30-500 kW Photovoltaic Inverters

PowerGate™ inverters offer market-leading reliability, efficiency and ease-of-use for large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic systems. A single-enclosure solution, the utility-grade PowerGate™ incorporates a high-efficiency transformer and both AC and DC switchgear that disconnect the inverter at night, minimizing tare losses. A highly efficient MPPT tracking algorithm and intelligent wake-up routine further maximize net energy harvest. The PowerGate™ is certified to UL-1741 and is available with a variety of local and remote data monitoring options.

Utility-Grade Design 20-year design life ● Reverse convection top-air entry ● Sloped roof ● 25-year film-type capacitors ● 5-year standard warranty

Easy Installation and Use Single enclosure minimizes field wiring ● Integrated high-efficiency transformer ● Optional integrated sub-array combiner ● Internal AC and DC switchgear ● Top and bottom cable entry ● Top-lifting eye-bolts and forklift base

Superior Energy Harvesting Industry leading efficiency ● Automatic night disconnect minimizes transformer losses ● High-speed MPPT ● Soft charge network minimizes in-rush current and nuisance trips ● Wide input voltage range

Remote and Local Data Monitoring 4-line alphanumeric LCD display ● Optional PV View web enabled data monitoring ● Optional PV Zone sub-array performance monitoring ● RS485 Modbus

Safety Certified to UL 1741 ● Integrated DC contactor for array isolation ● Surge withstand testing to ANSI 62.41 and IEEE1547-2003

n

PV Sub-arrays DC Disconnect

See Note 3

See Note 4

AC Breaker

DC Surge Protection

To Grid

See Note 2

3

ControlGround Fault Protection

Data Monitoring Options: • Direct RS 485 Modbus • PV-View & PV-Zone web monitoring• Revenue grade kWhr metering • Meteorological • Consult SatCon for details

Notes: 1. Optional fused sub-array combiner simplifies array wiring and allows

optional PV-Zone sub-array monitoring 2. Contactor provides backfeed protection and automatic array fault

isolation 3. Integrated high-efficiency transformer 4. Integrated AC contactor opens at night and minimizes standby losses 5. Pre-charge circuit minimizes in-rush current and nuisance trips

See Note 1

See Note 5

AC Surge Protection

SatCon Power Systems Ph. 905.639.4692 Datasheet AEAll_Models_2 Page 2 of 2 835 Harrington Court Fx. 905.639.0961 Burlington, ON L7N 3P3 pvsales@satcon.com Canada www.satcon.com

Specifications – Model Specific

Specifications – All Models Nominal MPP DC range (Vdc) 330-600Max MPPT Range (Vdc) 295-600Max Voc (Vdc) 600Nom. Frequency Range (Hz) 59.5 - 60.5AC Voltage Range Setpoints (%) +/- 10Power Factor 1Harmonic Distortion (% THD) <3Peak Efficiency (%) 95-97Cooling Fan ForcedNoise level (dBA) <65Ambient Temp. range (degC) -20 to 50Max amb. temp. at Pnom (degC) 50Enclosure rating NEMA 3REnclosure Construction 11 gauge Powder

Coated Steel - Seismic Zone 4

All specifications subject to change without notice.

Dimensions: Please see model specific data sheets.

Note: To achieve 295 volts “Low tap” must be specified at time of order. Unit will derate if grid voltage is < nominal.

Power (kWac)Model #Voltage Suffix D F E A D F AAC Output Voltage (L-L Vac) 208 240 120/240 480 208 240 480Nom Current/Phase (Amps) 84 73 37 36 139 121 60Max Fault Current/Phase (Amps) 100 90 46 45 175 152 75CEC Efficiency (%) 92.5 NA 93 93 94.5 93 93Nominal DC Current (Amps)Optional PV Sub- Array Combiner (# of fused strings)

Max. Weight (lbs) [kg]Max Heat Dissipation (kBTU/hour) 7.16

2 x 75 Amps 3 x 100 Amps

1778 [808]9.3

AE-50-60-PVAE-30-60-PV30 50

16096

1300 [591]

Power (kWac)Model #Voltage Suffix D F A D F AAC Output Voltage (L-L Vac) 208 240 480 208 240 480Nom Current/Phase (Amps) 208 181 91 278 241 121Max Fault Current/Phase (Amps) 260 230 115 350 290 150CEC Efficiency (%) 95 NA 95.5 94.5 95 94.5Nominal DC Current (Amps)Optional PV Sub- Array Combiner (# of fused strings)

Max. Weight (lbs) [kg]Max Heat Dissipation (kBTU/hour) 13.610.5

75 100

240 3196 x 100 Amps

AE-75-60-PV AE-100-60-PV

6 x 100 Amps

3250 [1475]2600 [1180]

Power (kWac) 500Model # AE-500-60-PV-AVoltage Suffix D F A A D AAC Output Voltage (L-L Vac) 208 240 480 480 208 480Nom Current/Phase (Amps) 375 325 163 270 625 602Max Fault Current/Phase (Amps) 469 407 205 330 960 720CEC Efficiency (%) 95 NA 95.5 94.5 NA 95Nominal DC Current (Amps) 1595Optional PV Sub- Array Combiner (# of fused strings) 30 x 100 Amps

Max. Weight (lbs) [kg] 5400 [2455]Max Heat Dissipation (kBTU/hour) 7944.3

12 x 100 Amps718

5650 [2570]

225

431

3500 [1600]18.5

9 x 100 Amps

AE-225-60-PVAE-135-60-PV135

Relative humidity(%) 95Altitude (ft) [m] 6000 [1830]Display LCD 4 Line x 20Computer interface / type RS232, RS485Communicaton Protocol ModbusStandard Warranty 5 YearCertification UL 1741Compliances IEEE 929, 1547, 519,

ANSI 62.41

Optional FeaturesPV View® Remote MonitoringPV Zone® Sub-Array MonitoringEnvironmental monitoringExternal revenue grade meterGround Fault Interrupt

Xantrex Technology Inc.Headquarters

8999 Nelson Way

Burnaby, British Columbia

Canada V5A 4B5

800 670 0707 Toll Free

604 420 1591 Fax

5916 195th Street NE

Arlington, Washington

USA 98223

800 446 6180 Toll Free

360 925 5144 Fax

www.xantrex.com© 2003 Xantrex Technology Inc. All rights reserved. Xantrex is a trademark of Xantrex International. P/N 970-0051-01-02 Rev A Printed in USA

PV Inverter

High Voltage Commercial Scale Power Conversion Center

Utility Interactive Renewable EnergyUtility interactive, three-phase inverter, with models ranging from 5 kW to 225 kW. Multiple inverters may be paralleled for larger power installations.

Designed for cost-effectiveness, high performance, easy installation, and reliability.

Advanced MPPT technology maximizes PV array output (not for use with batteries).

Revolutionary switching technology utilizes insulated gate bi-polar transistors (IGBT), greatly reducing power losses during the conversion process.

Meets all applicable UL, IEEE, and NEC codes.

Automatic operation includes start-up, shut-down, self-diagnosis, and fault detection.

FeaturesEfficient design, with over 95% peak efficiency for the inverter, and overall efficiency, including transformer losses, in excess of 93%.

Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based controls with self-diagnostics and LCD for display of operating status.

Inverter shut off and reset toggle switch.

Over- and under-voltage and frequency protection, shutting down the inverter in compliance with UL1741.

Anti-islanding protection - prevents back-feeding inverter-generated power to the grid in the event of a utility outage.

User definable power tracking matches the inverter to the array, as well as adjustable delay periods to customize system shut-down sequences.

OptionsVariety of system accessories for ease of system installation, including combiner boxes, isolation transformers, disconnect switches, etc.

Graphical user interface software for real time communication and control.

Complete inverter kits, incorporating all required accessories for NEC code compliant installation, are available.

Specifications subject to change without notice.

Models PV5 PV10 PV15 PV20 PV30 PV45 PV100 PV225

Continuous Power Rating 5 kW 10 kW 15 kW 20 kW 30 kW 45 kW 100 kW 225 kW

Nominal AC Voltage 208 VAC 208 VAC 208 VAC 208 VAC 208 VAC 208 VAC 208 VAC 208 VAC Three-phase, +10% / -12%

Nominal AC Frequency 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz + 0.5 Hz / -0.7 Hz

Line Power Factor > 0.99 > 0.99 > 0.99 > 0.99 > 0.99 > 0.99 > 0.99 >0.99 Above 20% rated power

Maximum AC Line Current 15.4 amps AC 30.8 amps AC 46.3 amps AC 61.7 amps AC 94 amps AC 143 amps AC 316 amps AC 625 amps AC

AC Current Distortion < 5% THD < 5% THD < 5% THD < 5% THD < 5% THD < 5% THD < 5% THD < 5% THD At rated power

Max. Open Circuit Voltage 600 VDC 600 VDC 600 VDC 600 VDC 600 VDC 600 VDC 600 VDC 600 VDC

Power Tracking Window Range 330 to 600 VDC all models

Max. DC Input Current 15.9 amps DC 31.9 amps DC 47.8 amps DC 63.8 amps DC 100 amps DC 150 amps DC 319 amps DC 710 amps DC

Max. Ripple Current < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% % of rated current

Peak Inverter Efficiency > 93% > 95% > 95% > 95% > 95% > 95% > 95% > 95%

Standby Tare Losses < 30 watts < 30 watts < 30 watts < 30 watts < 30 watts < 30 watts < 90 watts < 90 watts

PV Inverter

High Voltage Commercial Scale Power Conversion Center

Electrical Specifications

General Specifications

Temperature Range

Ambient -4 °F to 122 °F (-20 °C to 50 °C)

Storage -40 °F to 122 °F (-40 °C to 50 °C)

Enclosure Environmental Rating NEMA4 NEMA4 NEMA4 NEMA4 NEMA3R NEMA3R NEMA3R NEMA 3R

Enclosure Galvaneal folded steel enclosure

Weight 75 lb 115 lb 160 lb 160 lb 260 lb 260 lb 1140 lb 2150 lb

34 kg 52 kg 73 kg 73 kg 118 kg 118 kg 518 kg 977 kg

Dimensions (H x W x D) 20x16x13” 26x16x12 28x24x15” 28x24x15” 54x36x19” 54x 36x19” 83x76x20” 89x102x27”

51x41x33cm 66x41x30cm 71x61x38cm 71x61x38cm 137x91x48cm 137x91x48cm 211x193x51cm 226x259x68cm

Altitude 6,600’ (2,012 m)

Relative Humidity 0 to 95% 0 to 95% 0 to 95% 0 to 95% 0 to 95% 0 to 95% 0 to 95% 0 to 95% non-condensing

Array Configuration Monopole, negative grounded

Features & Options

Cooling Method PV5: natural convection cooling

PV10 – PV225: forced convection cooling

Protective Functions AC over / under voltage, AC over / under frequency, ground over current, over temperature, AC and DC over current, DC over voltage

User Display Standard - LCD, four-line, twenty-characters, with on/off toggle switch (LED status indicators, only, on PV5)

AC Disconnect Optional - NEMA3R wall mount enclosure, load break rated; Standard and integral to inverter assembly for PV100 and PV225

DC Disconnect Optional - NEMA3R wall mount enclosure, 600 VDC load break rated; Standard and integral to inverter assembly for PV100 and PV225

Isolation Transformer Optional - High efficiency, NEMA3R wall or floor mount enclosure

Combiner Enclosures Optional - 10 or 12 pole, with or without diodes, NEMA3R wall mount enclosure

Communications Software Optional - Serial communications and control software

Regulatory Approvals

Listed to UL Standard 1741, UL File No. E199356