design of solar cell antenna (solan) in different aght-8 patch shape for reflection co-efficient,...

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 t n e m e g a n a M d n A h c r a e s e R g n i r e e n i g n E f o l a n r u o J l a n o i t a n r e t n I ) M R E J I ( 9 4 3 2 : N S S I - , 8 5 0 2 e m u l o V - e u s s I , 1 - y l u J , 4 4 1 0 2 3 3 m o c . m r e  j i . w w w t c a r t s b  A  f o n o i t a n i b m o c a s i a n n e t n a l l e c r a l o S  r a l o S s i n g i s e d N A L O S . a n n e t n a p i r t s o r c i M d n a l l e c  r o f y t r e p o r p s u o m o n o t u a n i d e s u y l n i a m  e c n e g i l l e t n i o w t e h t e r a c i t p O d n a F R . r e v i e c s n a r t  s e t a r e n e g t I . N A L O S e h t n g i s e d o t d e s u s t n e n o p m o c  f o e c a f r u s e h t n o s l l a f t h g i l n e h w y l p p u s r e w o p C D T H g A - e t a r t e n e p d n a 8 . l l e c r a l o s e h t s d r a w o t s T H g A f o e c a f r u s e h t n o s l l a f e v a w M E y l r a l i m i S -8  n a c e w N A L O S g n i s u y B . l a n g i s F R e c u d o r p d n a o c n o i t c e l f e r e t a l u c l a c - r o f r e w o p d n a n i a g , t n e i c i f f e  d e r a p m o c n e h w n g i s e d d n a e z i s , s e p a h s t n e r e f f i d T H g A g n i t s i x e h t i w - . O T I d n a 4 n  I s m r e T  x e d    r a l o S l l e c a n n e t n a S ( O , )  N A L Ag T H - , 4 T H g A - , S D A , O T I , 8 c s n a r t e , r e v i hy d i r  b . . I  N O I T C U D O R T N I h c u s n o i t a c i l  p  p a t n e r e f f i d n i d e s u s i a n n e t n a l l e c r a l o S  r a l u c i h e v , m e t s y s g n i r o t i n o m l a t n e m n o r i v n e s a  d e s u s i  N A L O S . s m e t s y s e t i l l e t a S d n a n o i t a c i n u m m o c n i r a l o s f o e t a l  p l a t e m , ] 1 [ n o i t a c i n u m m o c e t i l l e t a s o c i P S T M U s t r o  p  p u s - h c t a  p h s e m , ] 2 [ n o i t a t s e s a  b l l e c  d n i w r a c r o f d e s u e r a a n n e t n a d i r g r a l u c r i c d n a a n n e t n a 3 [ s d l e i h s - a n n e t n a d n a  b e d i w t n e r a  p s n a r t y l l a c i t  p o , ] 5 6 [ m e t s y s n o i t a c i n u m m o c s t r o  p  p u s - A L O S , ] 2 1 y a r r a  N  c i t  p O d n a F R o t e u d e r o m s i r e w o  p a n n e t n a . ] 3 1 [ e c n e g i l l e t n i . I I  l l e C r a l o S d n a a n n e t n A n e e w t e b y t i r a l i m i S , l l e c r a l o s d n a a n n e t n a  p i r t s o r c i M h t i w e r a  p m o C  r e  p  p u n I . r a l i m i s e r a t c a r t  b u s , t r o  p l a i x a o c , e t a l  p d n u o r g  7 0 y l u J d e v i e c e r t p i r c s u n a M 0 2 , 14 A h s e r u S . u K m r a  , f o t n e m t r a  p e D , d a e H d n a r o s s e f o r P  r a d n e v a P n i g n i r e e n i g n E n o i t a c i n u m m o C & s c i n o r t c e l E o C n a s a d i h t a r a h B , y g o l o n h c e T & g n i r e e n i g n E f o e g e l l . a i d n I , u d a n l i m a T , y h c i r T , r u h t a M . S S a d n u rav i d a v u l e  , s c i n o r t c e l E f o t n e m t r a  p e D , r o s s e f o r P  , e g e l l o C g n i r e e n i g n E  N S S n i g n i r e e n i g n E n o i t a c i n u m m o C & . a i d n I , u d a n l i m a T , i a n n e h C , m a k k a v a l a K  n o c i l i s , l l e c r a l o s e h t f o t r a  p t h g i l r o f d e s u s i r e f a w  s i e t a l  p c i l l a t e m a n n e t n a  p i r t s o r c i m n i d n a n o i t  p e c e r  e h t , n g i s e d  N A L O S n I . s e v a w M E g n i v i e c e r r o f d e s u  A . a n n e t n a  p i r t s r o c i m e h t r e d n u d e c a l  p s i l l e c r a l o s T H g A ( m l i f d e t a o c d e t c u d n o c t n e r a  p s n a r t - d e c a l  p s i ) 8  a n n e t n a  p i r t s o r c i m n i e h t s d r a w o t t h g i l g n i t a r t e n e  p r o f  e u d e v a w F R d n a y l  p  p u s C D h t o  b s e t a r e n e g t I . l l e c r a l o s . 2 e r u g i f n i n w o h s e v a w M E d n a t h g i l f o g n i l l a f o t i S 1 e r u g i F m a n n e t n a  p i r t s o r c i M n e e w t e  b y t i r a l i l l e c r a l o s d n a o r t c e l e f o n o i t a i d a R  N A L O S 2 e r u g i F m t e n g a d n a s e v a w c i i t a r e n e g t n e r r u c t c e r i d on . I I I  N A L O S f o t i u c r i c t n e l a v i u q E d e t a l u m i s y l l a i c e  p s s i t i u c r i c t n e l a v i u q e l l e c r a l o S  , ) P ( r e w o  p g n i r u s a e m r o f h c n e  b k r o w c i n o r t c e l e n i  a n n e t n a  p i r t s o r c i M . ) V ( e g a t l o v d n a ) I ( t n e r r u c r a  p e s e r a t i u c r i c t n e l a v i u q e e m a s e h t d n a d e t a l u m i s y l e t a  r a l o s d n a  p i r t s o r c i m h t o  b y l l a n i F . d e r u s a e m s i t u  p t u o  . d e r u s a e m s i t u  p t u o d n a d e n i  b m o c e r a s t i u c r i c l l e c  f o n o i t a n i  b m o c , s t u  p t u o h t o  b g n i r a  p m o c e l i h W  s e c u d o r  p t i u c r i c t n e l a v i u q e l l e c r a l o s d n a  p i r t s o r c i m i s e D n g of so r a l l l e c e t n a nna S ( O A L N) in i d ff t n e r e H g A T-8 c t a p h shape for i t c e l f e r n o co-eff e i c i n, t g i a n, o p r e w n a d i t c e r i d vity comp d e r a w i t s i x e h t i ng H g A T-4 ad n O T I A h s e r u S . u K m . S , r a S a d n u rav i d a v u l e

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Abstract— Solar cell antenna is a combination of Solar cell and Microstrip antenna. SOLAN design is mainly used in autonomous property for transceiver. RF and Optic are the two intelligence components used to design the SOLAN. It generates DC power supply when light falls on the surface of AgHT-8 and penetrates towards the solar cell. Similarly EM wave falls on the surface of AgHT-8 and produce RF signal. By using SOLAN we can calculate reflection co- efficient, gain and power for different shapes, size and design when compared with existing AgHT-4 and ITO.

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  • tnemeganaM dnA hcraeseR gnireenignE fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI )MREJI( 9432 : NSSI - ,8502 emuloV - eussI ,1 - yluJ ,4 4102

    33 moc.mreji.www

    tcartsbA fo noitanibmoc a si annetna llec raloS

    raloS si ngised NALOS .annetna pirtsorciM dna llec rof ytreporp suomonotua ni desu ylniam ecnegilletni owt eht era citpO dna FR .reviecsnart setareneg tI .NALOS eht ngised ot desu stnenopmoc fo ecafrus eht no sllaf thgil nehw ylppus rewop CD

    THgA - etartenep dna 8 .llec ralos eht sdrawot sTHgA fo ecafrus eht no sllaf evaw ME ylralimiS - 8

    nac ew NALOS gnisu yB .langis FR ecudorp dnaoc noitcelfer etaluclac - rof rewop dna niag ,tneiciffe

    derapmoc nehw ngised dna ezis ,sepahs tnereffidTHgA gnitsixe htiw - .OTI dna 4

    nI smreT xed raloS llec annetna S( O ,)NAL

    Ag TH - ,4 THgA - ,SDA,OTI,8 csnart e ,revi hy dirb .

    .I NOITCUDORTNI hcus noitacilppa tnereffid ni desu si annetna llec raloS

    ralucihev ,metsys gnirotinom latnemnorivne sa desu si NALOS .smetsys etilletaS dna noitacinummoc

    ni ralos fo etalp latem ,]1[ noitacinummoc etilletasociP STMU stroppus - hctap hsem ,]2[noitats esab llec

    dniw rac rof desu era annetna dirg ralucric dna annetna3[sdleihs - annetna dnab ediw tnerapsnart yllacitpo ,]5

    6[metsys noitacinummoc stroppus - ALOS ,]21 yarra N citpO dna FR ot eud erom si rewop annetna

    .]31[ecnegilletni

    .II lleC raloS dna annetnA neewteb ytiralimiS

    ,llec ralos dna annetna pirtsorciM htiw erapmoC reppu nI .ralimis era tcartbus ,trop laixaoc ,etalp dnuorg

    70 yluJ deviecer tpircsunaM 02 , 14

    A hseruS. uK m ra , fo tnemtrapeD ,daeH dna rosseforP radnevaP ni gnireenignE noitacinummoC & scinortcelE

    oC nasadihtarahB ,ygolonhceT & gnireenignE fo egell.aidnI ,udanlimaT ,yhcirT ,ruhtaM

    .S S adnu rav ida v ule , scinortcelE fo tnemtrapeD ,rosseforP ,egelloC gnireenignE NSS ni gnireenignE noitacinummoC &

    .aidnI ,udanlimaT ,iannehC ,makkavalaK

    nocilis ,llec ralos eht fo trap thgil rof desu si refaw si etalp cillatem annetna pirtsorcim ni dna noitpecer eht ,ngised NALOS nI .sevaw ME gniviecer rof desu A .annetna pirtsrocim eht rednu decalp si llec ralos

    THgA( mlif detaoc detcudnoc tnerapsnart - decalp si )8 annetna pirtsorcim ni eht sdrawot thgil gnitartenep rof

    eud evaw FR dna ylppus CD htob setareneg tI .llec ralos.2erugif ni nwohs evaw ME dna thgil fo gnillaf ot

    iS 1erugiF m annetna pirts orciM neewteb ytirali llec ralos dna

    ortcele fo noitaidaR NALOS 2 erugiF m tenga dna sevaw ciitareneg tnerruc tcerid on

    .III NALOS fo tiucric tnelaviuqE

    detalumis yllaiceps si tiucric tnelaviuqe llec raloS

    ,)P( rewop gnirusaem rof hcneb krow cinortcele ni annetna pirtsorciM .)V( egatlov dna )I( tnerruc

    rapes era tiucric tnelaviuqe emas eht dna detalumis yleta ralos dna pirtsorcim htob yllaniF .derusaem si tuptuo .derusaem si tuptuo dna denibmoc era stiucric llec fo noitanibmoc ,stuptuo htob gnirapmoc elihW secudorp tiucric tnelaviuqe llec ralos dna pirtsorcim

    iseD ng of so ral llec etna nna S( O AL N) in id ff tnere HgA T-8 ctap h shap e for itcelfer no co-eff eici n ,t g ia n,

    op rew na d itcerid vity comp dera w itsixe hti ng HgA T-4 a dn OTI

    A hseruS. uK m .S ,ra S adnu rav ida v ule

  • iseD ng of so ral llec na et nna S( O AL N) in id ff tnere HgA T-8 ctap h shap e for itcelfer no co-eff eici n ,t g ia n,

    op rew na d itcerid vity comp dera w itsixe hti ng HgA T-4 a dn OTI

    43 moc.mreji.www

    erruc ,)V( egatlov hgih ehT .)P( rewop dna )I( tn hcneb krow scinortcelE ni NALOS fo noitalumis Am8.278= )I( tnerruc fo seulav gniwollof eht sedivorp Wm4897716.7= )P( rewoP dna Vm827.8= )V( egatloV

    .3 erugif ni nwohs sa derusaem erew

    rugiF e ric tnelaviuqe denibmoc 3 c o tiu f c ralos e ll a dnim c pirtsor a annetn

    .VI annetna pirtsorcim htiw noitargetni llec raloS

    THgA tnereffid rof - epahs hctap 8

    THgA eht ngised ot desu noitauqe nommoc ehT - 8 eht dna xepsreP dellac si reyal cirtceleid annetna hctap

    tap no sdneped snoitauqe ,)W(htdiw ,)L(htgnel hc )tsL(htgnel osla dna )f(ycneuqerf ,)h(thgieh etartsbus morf dengised era pirtsorciM eht fo )tsW(htdiw dna

    .snoitauqe gniwollof L= 94.0 0/ r

    For rauqs e patc h L W= r fe f (= r + /1 2)+ ( r- /1 2 ]w/h 21+1[)

    - 2/1

    f = c (2 / L )h+ er f f iM eht fo htdiW c pirtsor l eni

    W ts /773(( = Zl eni r )- t)2 pirts eht fo htgneL

    L ts = 0 4/ r A lla roF g TH - hs hctap 8 ape

    ,mm91=L ,mm91=w r ,6.2= ,mm3=h w ts mm8.1= , L ts ,mm33= f= ot zHG 5.1

    zHG5.5

    .V THgA edam NALOS gnoma nosirapmoC - 8p THgA ,hcta - THgA ,hctap hsem 8 - dirbyH 8

    THgA gnitsixe htiw hctap - OTI dna 4

    oc noitcelfeR .A - NALOS lla fo tneiciffe ehT Re lf ce noit oc - tneiciffe of eht NALOS

    detargetni htiw tnereffid ap t hc is z se era etalumis d htiw SDA dna mus m ira z de ni lbat e 1 htiw f euqer ncy egnar

    f mor zHG5.1 ot HG5.5 z. ehT elbat raelc ly swohs taht eht

    yH b dir hctap edivorp s retteb lfer e tc i no co- tneiciffe derapmoc ot eht iniamer ng ,sezis detsil noitcelfer

    oc -e ciff i tne si wol lraelc si hcihw hgih si noitaidar y erugif ni nwohs 4.

    rF qe eu ycn

    ( HG z)

    HgA T-8 P hcta

    S 11 d( B)

    THgA - HSEM 8

    hctaP)Bd(11S

    THgA - 8 DIRBYH

    hctaP )Bd(11S

    THgA - hctaP 4

    Bd(11S

    IT O P hcta S 11 ( Bd )

    5.1 0 0 0 0 0 2 - 5.0 -1 -1 - 5.1 - 5.0

    5.2 -2 -2 -3 -2 -2 3 -6 -8 -5 -3 -6

    5.3 -3 -4 -4 -8 -4 9.3 - 22 - 23 -39 - 11 - 53

    4 - 32 - 91 - 41 -3 - 01 5.4 -2 -2 -2 - 5.3 -2

    5 -3 -4 -4 -4 -3 5.5 - 01 - 01 - 01 -3 - 01

    elbaT 1 noitcelfeR co- tneiciffe v seula THgA fo -8 SOLAN ni tnereffid p hcta sh A htiw epa g TH - dna 4 I OT

    oc noitcelfer fo nosirapmoC 4 erugiF - rof tneiciffe tnereffidTHgA - THgA htiw NALOS 8 - OTI dna 4

    NALOS lla fo niaG.B

    ezis hctap tnereffid htiw NALOS eht fo niaG ehT

    si tI .2 elbat ni dezirammus si SDA htiw detalumis si niag retteb sedivorp hctap dirbyH eht taht deton ylraelc

    rehto eht ot derapmoc si htgnerts langis hgih niag ,s.5erugif eht ni nwohs si ti dna erom

    THgA - 8

    HCTAP )Bd(G

    THgA - 8 HSEM HCTAP

    )Bd(G

    THgA - 8 DIRBYH

    HCTAP)Bd(G

    THgA - 4 HCTAP

    )Bd(G

    OTI hctaP )Bd(G

    29412.2 51791.2 86042.2 51761.2 67932.2 ALOS fo Bd ni seulav niaG 2 elbaT tnereffid htiw N

    THgAepahs - THgA htiw 8 - OTI dna 4

  • tnemeganaM dnA hcraeseR gnireenignE fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI )MREJI( 9432 : NSSI - ,8502 emuloV - eussI ,1 - yluJ ,4 4102

    53 moc.mreji.www

    THgA tnereffid rof niaG fo nosirapmoC 5 erugiF - NALOS 8THgA htiw - .OTI dna 4

    NALOS lla fo rewoP .C

    ezis hctap tnereffid htiw NALOS eht fo rewoP ehTat ni dezirammus era SDA htiw detalumis si si tI.3 elb

    retteb sedivorp hctap dirbyH eht taht swohs ylraelcrewoP langis hgih rewoP ,srehto eht ot derapmoc

    .6 erugif eht ni nwohs si ti dna erom si htgnerts

    THgA - 8 HCTAP

    )W(P

    THgA - 8 HSEM

    HCTAP)W(P

    THgA - 8 DIRBYH

    HCTAP)W(P

    THgA - CTAP 4

    )W(P H

    OTI CTAP)W(P H

    8720000.07 7

    720000.019 9

    820000.03

    20000.03276

    20000.022828

    THgA fo ttaW ni seulav rewoP 3 elbaT - htiw NALOS 8THgA htiw derapmoC epahs tnereffid - .OTI dna4

    THgA tnereffid rof rewoP fo nosirapmoC 6 erugiF - 8THgA htiw NALOS - 4 .OTI dna

    NALOS lla fo ytivitceriD .D

    hctap tnereffid htiw NALOS eht fo ytivitceriD ehT tI.4 elbat ni dezirammus era SDA htiw detalumis si ezis retteb sedivorp hctap dirbyH eht taht devresbo ylraelc si

    h ytivitceriD ,srehto eht ot derapmoc ytivitceriD hgi ni nwohs si ti dna noitcerid eno erom si htgnerts langis

    .7 erugif eht

    THgA - 8 HCTAP

    )Bd(D

    THgA - 8 HSEM HCTAP

    )Bd(D

    THgA - 8 DIRBYH

    HCTAP)Bd(D

    THgA - 4 HCTAP

    )Bd(D

    OTI HCTAP

    )Bd(D

    74156.6 36156.6 13456.6 35.2 41456.6 d ni seulav ytivitceriD 4 elbaT THgA fo B - NALOS 8

    THgA htiw derapmoC epahs tnereffid - .OTI dna 4

    THgA tnereffid rof rewoP fo nosirapmoC 7 erugiF - NALOS 8THgA htiw - .OTI dna 4

    E NALOS fo ledoM . owt sti dna SDA ni detalumis saw ngised NALOS ehT

    drah laer dna lanoisnemid eerht ro ,dengised saw eraw.8.giF ni nwohs sa detset dna detnemelpmi

    THgA fo ledom laer dna detalumis 8 erugiF - NALOS hctap 8ledom

    .IV THgA fo nosirapmoc - THgA htiw OTI dna 4 -8

    si ti dna smlif detaoc evitcudnoc ylhgih si THgA

    R/ME ni desu ni elor tnatropmi na syalp THgA .evaw FTHgA .noitacilppa ecneics lairetam - naht retteb si 8

    THgA - THgA fo ecnatsiser ecafrus esuaceb OTI dna 4 - 8oc noitcelfer hgih secudorp tI .hgih si - nehw tneiciffe

    THgA htiw derapmoc - noitcelfer hgih ot euD .OTI dna 4oc -e htiw derapmoc nehw hgih si noitaidar eht ,tneiciff

    THgA - .OTI dna 4

    .IIV noisulcnoC

    gnisu detalumis erew sepyt NALOS tnereffid ehT derapmoc dna deniatbo stluser eht dna erawtfos SDA

    THgA gnitsixe htiw - deniatbo eht gnomA .OTI dna 4THgA eht stluser - rbyh 8 smrofreptuo NALOS hctap di

    THgA esuaceB .sepahs rehto ot derapmoc ,srehto - 8 .mlif gnitcudnoc tnerapsnart erom sah hctap dirbyh

    THgA eht ecneH - nac annetna NALOS hctap dirbyh 8 noitacinummoc ynam rof mroftalp cisab sa desu eb

    eb osla nac ti dna snoitacilppa rof reviecsnart a sa desu ecnanoser ehT .tnerruc tcerid etareneg ot dna langis FR

    .ezis hctap eht no sdneped NALOS eht fo ycneuqerf

    secnerefeR

    .1 .A ,hahS .A ,gisoM .R .J ,serroT .P ,oraccaV .S.J ,kinrevirkS.K - .L dna ,tgaaM ed .P ,rehcrZ .FbmoC ,hcalreG sllec ralos dna sannetna fo noitani

    ,snoitacinummoc etilletas rof dna evaworciMhceT lacitpO ,1 .on ,92 .lov ,sretteL ygolon 11 .pp

    .1002 .rpA ,61

  • iseD ng of so ral llec na et nna S( O AL N) in id ff tnere HgA T-8 ctap h shap e for itcelfer no co-eff eici n ,t g ia n,

    op rew na d itcerid vity comp dera w itsixe hti ng HgA T-4 a dn OTI

    63 moc.mreji.www

    .2 .J .S ,nnammA .J .M ,snO ooR .J .M ,unyhS .V .S raloS etalP lateM A,notroN .B dna kcamroCcM

    rof annetnA U ociP STM - ni ,noitatS esaB lleC noitagaporP & sannetnA hguorobhguoL .corP .raM ,KU,hguorobhguoL ,)8002 CPAL( ecnerefnoC

    71 .8002 ,81 .3 ,sannetna hctap dehseM" ,yelgnaL .R dna nesalC .G

    ,noitagaporP dna sannetnA no snoitcasnarT EEEI2141 .pp ,25 .lov - ,6141 .4002

    .4 annetna hctap dehseM ,yelgnaL .R dna nesalC .G ,sretteL cinortcelE ",dleihsdniw rac otni detargetni

    187 .pp ,63 .lov - 0002 ,287 .5 hctap ralucric deddirG" ,yelgnaL .R dna nesalC .G

    ,ygolonhceT lacitpO dna evaworciM ",sannetna ,12 .lov sretteL 113 .pp - .9991 ,313

    .6 tnerapsnart yllacitpO ,eeL .Q .R dna snomiS .N .R tnetaP SU ,sannetna tols dna hctap pirtsorcim

    .9991 ,2352785 .7 .D ,soztnuorP .N ,sanokasaT .C ,saiM .C

    .W ,nosnaR .R ,dlawsO .C ,weiL .S ,sigroregostuoKohT .B .C dna ,notnarC .M yllacitpO ,sam

    EEEI ni ,sannetna pirtsorcim tnerapsnart , nodnoL ,sevitomotuArof sannetnA no muiuqolloC

    1 .guA ,KU 0002 6 .8 ,otI .K dna ,enualeD .D ,ayuruF .H ,nauG .N

    ,smlif evitcudnoc tnerapsnart fo edam sannetnA1 .on ,4 .lov ,enilno SREIP 611 .pp , .8002 ,021

    .9 ,dnalssorC .W dna ,sgnilloC.N ,oaH .Y ,soranuostaKartlu tnerapsnart yllacitpO - ,annetna dnabedi

    227 .pp ,41 .on,54 .lov ,sretteL scinortcelE ,327 .9002

    .01 ecnamrofreP eht no ydutS ,nalavaliN .R ,reteP .TWU elbixelF fo noitaroireteD sannetnA B

    noitagaporP & sannetnA ,KU,hguorobhguoL61 , ecnerefnoC - .9002 rebmevoN 71

    .11 ,rahsrahS .A ydmaH ,dehsaR ikaZ hibaN demhA dna ngised sannetna hctap pirtsorciM lacitpO

    kitpOsisylana - dna thgiL rof lanruoJ lanoitanretnI1 emuloV ,scitpO nortcelE rebotcO ,02 eussI ,42

    1334 segaP ,3102 - .5334 .21 uhsgniB ,uohZ nehZ ,ihS gnixniL

    dnab lluf htiw a llec ralos iS fo noitazimitpO.gnaT snoitaziralop lla ni desaercni noitprosba lacitpo

    kitpO gnitarg tcatnoc kcab citamsalp gnisu - iL rof lanruoJ lanoitanretnI ,scitpO nortcelE dna thg

    987 segaP ,4102 yraunaJ ,2 eussI ,521 emuloV - .497 .31 naI ,llasraeP alociN ,htimS divaD ,nevesudruY nakO

    dnabitluM dehseM A" ,notsnhoJ divaD dna sebroF21 annetnA yarrA hctaP raloS - ,2102 rebmevoN 31

    noitagaporP & sannetnA hguorobhguoL .ecnerefnoC

    noitamrofni srohtuA

    ramuK hseruS .A .rM gnikrow si & scinortcelE fo tnemtrapeD ,daeH dna rosseforP a sa

    radnevaP ni gnireenignE noitacinummoC ,ygolonhceT & gnireenignE fo egelloC nasadihtarahB

    deniatbo eH .aidnI ,udanlimaT ,yhcirT ,ruhtaM sih noitacinummoC dna scinortcelE ni eerged rolehcaB fo egelloC iagibmakooM morf gnireenignE ni sretsaM dna illapanicurihT ,gnireenignE gnireenignE lanoigeR morf smetsyS noitacinummoC era seerged htob ,illapparihcurihT ,)T.I.N( egelloC

    nasadihtarahB morf emit trap gnisureP dna ytisrevinU fo ytlucaf ni srosnes lacitpO ni margorp DhP ytisrevinU annA ta noitacinummoc dna noitamrofni siH .ecneirepxe gnihcaet fo sraey 81 sah eH .iannehC oediv dna noisiveleT ,sannetnA era tseretni fo saera

    etilletaS ,gnireenignE langis latigiD ,noitacinummoc sseleriW dna noitacinummoC lacitpO gnissecorp ni hcraeser sih gniod yltnerruc si eH .noitacinummoc skooB txeT 5 dehsilbuP sah eH .sannetnA llec raloS 5 ,repap ecnerefnoC lanoitanretnI eno detneserp dna

    erefnoC lanoitaN saera rehto ni dna srepap ecn 5 ,repap ecnerefnoc lanoitanretni eno detneserp repap eno dehsilbup dna srepap ecnerefnoC lanoitaN GP dna GU ynam dediug eH .lanruoJ lanoitanretnI ni

    .stcejorp tneduts

    ulevidavaradnuS .S .rD sa gnikrow sieforP a & scinortcelE fo tnemtrapeD ,ross

    gnireenignE NSS ni gnireenignE noitacinummoC eH .aidnI ,udanlimaT ,iannehC ,makkavalaK ,egelloC dna scinortcelE ni eerged rolehcaB sih deniatbo egelloC rajaragaihT morf gnireenignE noitacinummoC

    dna iarudaM ,gnireenignE fo ni sretsaM gnireenignE lanoigeR morf smetsyS noitacinummoC detargetnI lacitpO fo DAC ni D.hP dna yhcirT ,egelloC 52 sah eH .ytisrevinU jaramaK iarudaM morf stiucriC fo saera siH .ecneirepxe hcraeser dna gnihcaet fo sraey

    oitacinummoC lacitpO era tseretni ,SMEM lacitpO ,n gnissecorP egamI lacitpO ,gnissecorP langiS lacitpO eht ni gnikrow yltnerruc si eH .skrowteN lacitpO dna D.hP 5 dediug sah eH .snoitacilppA RADIL fo aera setadidnac D.hP 6 gnidiug yltnerruc si dna setadidnac

    retnI 6 ni srepap dehsilbup dna 5 ,slanruoJ lanoitan 01 dna secnerefnoC lanoitanretnI 6 ,slanruoJ lanoitaN

    .secnerefnoC lanoitaN