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LARVA COLLECTING

AND BREEDING.

BY THE

REV. J. SEYMOUR ST. JOHN, B.A.

(^loA^. s-;^,

WILLIAM WLSLEY & SON,28, ESSEX STREET, STRAND, LONDON.

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LARVA COLLECTING

BREEDING:

A HANDBOOK TO THE LARV.E

OF THE

BRITISH MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA

AND THEIR FOOD PLANTS;

BOTH IN NATURE AND IN CONFINEMENT,

WITH AUTHORITIES.

BY THE

REV. J. SEYMOUR ST. JOHN, B.A.

LONDONWILLIAM WESLEY AND SON,

28, ESSEX STREET, STRAND.

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^3, CASTI.KWOOD ROAD, STAMFORD HILL, N.

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^1358 r

PREFACE,

TN 'introducing 'this book to the entomological world, my•' object is to render some help to those who make Lepi-

doptera—especially in their second or larval stage—their

pleasant and interesting study ; and also to place in a clear

and concise form, easy for reference, such information con-

cerning the food-plants of the larvse of our British Macro-

lepidoptera, as I have been able to gather from various

published works, competent friends, and my own personal expe-

rience.

The compilation of this work is no claim to great personal

knowledge and very wide experience of the habits and food-

plants of the larvse in question, but has been rather attained

by patient care, considerable labour, and the kind assistance of

a few entomologists. I do not profess to have given all the

food-plants upon which the larvae have been recorded or are

said to feed ; for (i.) the natural food-plants of certain very

rare or local larvae are as yet either unknown or still remain

a secret to the few;

(ii.) some plants or trees have been

recorded as the "pabulum in natura" of certain larvae found

upon them at rest or " nibbling" at them through lack of their

proper food ; while (iii.) in the case of polyphagous or semi-

polyphagous larvae, two or three food-plants are deemed suffi-

cient to name, with a note of their being general feeders, in

order not to add unnecessarily to the bulk of the book.

The book, being intended primarily as a book of reference, is

published in a form most convenient for carrying about on

collecting expeditions.

The larvae in the first portion of the book are arranged andnamed according to " The Entomologist Synonymic List of Brit-

ish Lepidoptera," with one or two recently-discovered species in-

serted;the names (generic and specific) given in brackets are

those of the " Doubleday List " nomenclature.

The arrangement and nomenclature of the Food-plants in

the second portion of the book are according to "The London

iv PREFACE.

Catalogue of British Plants " (8th ed.). The numbers placed

after the names of the plants, etc., are taken from the same

Catalogue, and are (as explained in it) intended for a census,

i.e , " a scale of rarity or frequency in relation to Britain as a

whole. They express the number of counties in which each

species has been reputed to occur, as set forth in the 2nd

edition of Topographical Botany. By sub-dividing the larger

counties into two or more vice-counties " their number amounts

to 112. So that, for example, the number "96" placed after

" Malva sylvestris.—Mallow," means that that plant grows in

96 out of the 112 districts into which Britain is divided.

References have been made with regard to a few species,

especially some of the rarer larvce, and those of "occasional

visitors " to Britain (marked with an asterisk), to W. F. Kirby's

" European Butterflies and Moths," Kaltenbach's " Pflanzen-

feinde," and to Owen S. Wilson's " Larvae of the British Lepi-

doptera and their Food-plants."

A few blank pages are added to the book for private notes

and memoranda.

The following abbreviations are used :

—

Buckl.—Larvae of British Butterflies and Moths.—Buckler

and Stainton.

Newm.—Natural History of British Butterflies and Moths.

—E. Newman.Sta.—Manual of British Butterflies and Moths.—H. T.

Stainton.

Ent.—" The Entomologist."

Ent. Mag.—"The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine."

In conclusion, I tender, first of all, my warmest and most

grateful thanks to my friend, Mr. F. J. Hanbury, for his un-

varying kindness and valuable assistance in many ways, especi-

ally as regards the botanical matter ; and secondly, my sincere

thanks for information so readily afforded me, to Mrs. Hutchin-

son and Messrs. E. A. Atmore, W. H. Harwood, W. R. Jeffrey,

W. Machin, F. Norgate, Richard South, and Sydney Webb.

J. SEYMOUR ST. JOHN.42, Castlewood Road,

Stamford Hill, N.

March, 1 890.

LARVA COLLECTING AND:

BREEDING.

LARV.^ AND FOOD-PLANTS.

RHOPALOCERA.

Papilio machaon.Peucedanmn palustre—WxW. Parsley.

Heracleum Sphondylium—Cow-parsnep.Angelica sylvestris—^Wild Angelica.

In confinement on carrot-leaves and rue.

Aporia crataegi.

Pruntis—Plum.Pyrus Mains—Apple.

,; communis—Pear.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn,

Pieris brassicae.

Tropcvolnm majiis.

Brassica Napus—Rape.Also on various cultivated cabbage.

Pieris rapse.

Nasturtium officinale—Water-cress.Sisymbrium officinale—Hedge Mustard,Brassica Napus—Rape.

„ Sinapis—Wild Mustard.Reseda lutea—Vf\\d Mignonette.Tropceoliim niajus.

„ canariense.

Also on cabbage, mignonette and horse-radish.

2 ZA/?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Pieris napi.Nasturtium officinale—Water-cress.

Barbarea vulgaris—Winter Cress.

„ prcecox—Early Winter Cress.

Cardamine pratensis—Cuckoo-flower.

Sisymbrium A lliaria—J ack-by-the-hedge.

Brassica Napus—Rape.Cakile tjiaritima—Sea Rocket.Also on horse-radish and mignonette.

Pieris daplidice.Reseda Luteola—Dyer's Rocket.

„ lutea—Wild Mignonette.In confinement on Reseda odorata.

Euchloe (Anthocharis) cardamines.Nasturtium officiyiale—Water-cress.

Barbarea vulgaris—Winter Cress. On the seeds,

Arabis perfoliata— YLock. Cress.

Cardamine pratensis—Cuckoo-flower.

„ impatietis—Narrow-leaved Bitter Cress.Hesperis matronalis—Dame's Violet.

Sisymbrium officinale—Hedge Mustard.

„ A lliaria—J ack-by-the-hedge,Brassica Sinapis—Wild Mustard.Also on the flower-stems of horse-radish.

Leucophasia sinapis.Lotus corniculatus— Bird's-foot Trefoil.

,, pilosus—Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Vicia Cracca—Tufted Vetch.Lathyrus (Orobus^ tuberosus—Tuberous Bitter Vetch.

„ „ sylvestris—Everlasting Pea.

Colias hyale.Medicago sativa—Lucerne.

,, lupulina—Black Medick.Trifolium pratense—Purple Clover.

„ repens—Dutch Clover.

Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Also on other leguminous plants.

Colias edusa.Trifolium pratense—Purple Clover.




Gonopteryx rhamni.Rhamnus Catharticus—Buckthorn.

„ Frangula—AMtr Buckthorn.

J

lARV.^ AXD FOOD.PLANTS. 3

Argynnis selene.Viola canina—Dog Violet.

Argynnis euphrosyne.Viola canina—V)og Violet.

Primula at'rtK&— Primrose. In confinement, after hyber-nation.

Argynnis latona.Viola odotata—Sweet Violet.

„ canina—Dog Violet.

„ tricolor—Heartsease.

Argynnis aglaia.

Viola canina—Dog Violet.

Argynnis adippe.Viola canina—Dog Violet.

„ /;-/(-o/or—Heartsease.

Argynnis paphia.Viola odorata—Sweet Violet.


* Argynnis dia.


„ tricolor—Heartsease,

* Argynnis niobe.V.ola canina—Dog Violet.


Melitaea aurinia (artemis).Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle.Scahiosa iuccisa—Devil's-bit Scabious.

Plantago—Plantain.

Melitaea cinxia.

Plantago fnariiima—Sea Plantain,

„ Coronopiis—Buck's-horn Plantain.

Also on species of Hieracium and Veronica.

Melitaea athalia.

Digitalis purpurea—Foxglove.Vnronica Chamcedrys—Germander Speedwell.Melampyrum pratense—Cow-wheat.

„ sylvaticum—Wood Cow-wheat,Teucrium Scorodonia—Wood Sage.Plantago major—Greater Plantain.

„ lanceolata—Narrow-leaved Plantain.

* Melitaea didyma.Plantago—Plantain.

4 ZAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Vanessa c-album.Rihes rubrum—Red Currant.

Ulmns campestris—Elm.Humulus Lrtpidus—Hop.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Vanessa polychloros.Prumis Avium—Wild Cherry.

Pyrus Aria—White-Beam.

,, communis—Pear.

Uimus montana—Wych Elm.„ campestris—Elm.

Sdix (z//5fl—White Willow.

., viminalis—Osier.

,, Caprea—(Sallow).

Populus tremula—Aspen.

Vanessa urticae.

Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

„ tirens—Small Nettle.

Vanessa io.


Vanessa antiopa.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Betida all)a—Birch.

Salix a/^«—White Willow.

Vanessa atalanta.


Parietaria officinalis—Pellitory-of-the-wall.

Vanessa cardui.Filago germanica—Common Cud-weed.Cardials tiufans—Musk Thistle.

„ crispus—Welted Thistle.

Cnicus lanceolatus—Spear Thistle.

„ arvensis—Field Thistle.

Onopordon Acanthium—Scotch Thistle.

Echium vulgare—Viper's Bugloss.

Malva sylvestris—Mallow.

Arctium minus [Lappa)—Burdock.

* Vanessa virginiensis.(Food-plant unknown ; abroad on Gnaphahum ohtusifO'

hum.')

* Danais erippus.(Food-plant unknown ; in America on Asclepias.)

Limenitis sibylla.

Lonicera Periclytnemim—Honeysuckle.

IAI?V^ AND FOOD-PLANTS.

Apatura iris.

Sahx Caprea—(Sallow).

Populus—?o^\^x.

Melanargia galatea.

Phleiimpratense—Timothy Grass.

Dactyhs glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.

Also on other grasses.

Erebia epiphron (cassiope).

Juncus—Rush.AiraprcEcox—Early Hair Grass.

Deschampsia (A ira) flexiiosa.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Festuca ovina—Sheep's Fescue-grass.

Nardus strida—Mat-grass.

Erebia aethiops (medea).Agrostis canma.Airaprcecox—Early Hair Grass.

Deschampsia (A ira) ccespitosa—Tussock Grass.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.

„ pratensis.

* Erebia ligea.

(Food-plant at present unknown.)

Pararge egeria.

Dactyhs glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.

Agropyron (Triticum) repens—Couch Grass.

Pararge megsera.Dactylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.


Satyrus semele.Aira prcecox—Early Hair Grass.

Deschampsia (Aira) ccespitosa—Tussock Grass.

Agropyron (Triticum) repens—Couch Grass.

A tnmophila arundinacea—Marram.

Epinephele ianira (janira).

Poa pratensis.


Epinephele tithonus.Dactylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Agropyron (Triticum') repem—Couch Grass.Also on various grassej.

6 ZAJ^VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Epinephele hyperanthes.Milium effusum— Millet.

Deschampsia QAini) civipiiosa—Tussock Grass.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Agropyron [Triticum) repens—Couch Grass.

Ccenonympha (Chortobius) typhon (davus).Rynchospora alba—White Beak-rush.

Ccenonympha (Chortobius) pamphilus.Cynositrus crhiatus—Dog's-tail.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Nardus sti icta—Mat-grass.


Thecla betulas.

Pi'unus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Thecla « -album.Ulmus tnontana—Wych Elm.

„ campestrii—Elm.

Thecla pruni.Prunus JT^/woj'a—Blackthorn.

Thecla quercus.Ouercus Rohur— Oak.Salix (.?)- Sallow.

Thecla rubi.

Genista tinctona—Dyer's Green-weed,Cvtisus {Sarot/iamnus') scofiarius—Broom.Rutins fruticosus—Bramble.Betula (7//;ri—Birch.

Polyommatus dispar.

Rumex aquatjcus.

„ Hydrolapathum—Water Dock.

Polyommatus phloeas.

Senecio Jacolioea— Ragwort.Rumex pulcher—Fiddle Dock.

,, obtnsifolius—Broad-leaved Dock.

„ Acetosa—Sorrel,

,, Acetosella—Sheep Sorrel,

* Polyommatus virgaurese.

Rumex ohtusifolius—Broad-leaved Dock.

,, Acetosa—Sorrel.

Lycasna bsetica.

Colutca arhorescens—Bladder Senna. In the pods.


LARV^ AND FOOD-PLANTS. 7

Lycaena segon.Ortiithopus perpusillus—Bird's-foot.

Lycasna astrarche (medon).Heliantliemum Chamcrcistus—Rock Rose,Erodhim cicidarium—Hemlock Stork's-bill.

Lycsena icarus (alexis).

Otionis spinosa—Rest-harrow.

Trifolium pratense—Purple Clover.



Ornithopiii perpusillus—Bird's-foot,

Lycaena bellargus (adonis).Trifolium repens—Dutch Clover.

Hippocrepis comosa—Horse-shoe Vetch.Also on other Leguminosce.

Lycaena corydon.Trifolium pratense—Purple Clover.

,, repeats—Dutch Clover.

Anthyllis Vulneraria—Lady's Fingers ; Kidney Vetch,Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-loot Trefoil.

Htppocrepis comosa—Horse-shoe Vetch.

Lycaena argiolus,Rhamnus catharticus—Buckthorn

.

„ Frangula—Alder Buckthorn.Ilex Aquifolium.—Holly.Hedera Helix—Ivy.

Cormts sangimiea—Dog-wood,

Lycaena semiargus (acis).

Melilotus arvensis—Melilot.

Lycaena minima (alsus).

Ayithyllis vulneraria—Lady's Fingers; Kidney Vetch. Onthe flowers.

Lycaena arion.Thymus Serpyllum—Thyme.

Lycsena argiades.Lotus pilosus—Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Also on other Leguminosce.

Nemeobius lucina.Primula acaiilis—Primrose.

„ veris—Cowslip,


Syrichthus malvae (alveolus).Rubusfridicostts—Bramble.

„ Idmts—Rasfiberry.

Potentilla Fragariasirum—Strawberry-leaved Cinquefoil.

Nisioniades tages.Lotus conikulattis—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Hesperia thaumas (linea).

Hokiis lanattis—Meadow Soft-grass

. Brachypodiiim sylvaticum.

Hesperia lineola.

On grasses;probably Hokus lanatus.

Hesperia actseon.Calamagrostis epigeios.

Brachypodiiim syhatkum.Agropyron {Tritkum) repens—Couch Grass.

„ „ junceiim—

?

„ „ pungens—In confinement.

Hesperia sylvanus.Luzula venialis { pilosa)—Broad-leaved Wood-rush.

Hokus lanatus—Meadow Soft-grass.

Dadylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.

Agropyron (^Tritkum) repens.—Couch Grass.

Hesperia comma.Lotus cornkulatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Ornitliopus perpusillus—Bird's-foot.


Carterocephalus palaemon (paniscus)Plantago major—Greater Plantain.

HETEROCERA.

Acherontia atropos.Solanum Dukainara—Woody Nightshade.

Lycium barbaruin—Tea-tree.

Atropa Belladonna—Deadly Nightshade.

Also on potatoe.

Sphinx convolvuli.Impatiens Noli-tangere.—Do-not-touch-me.

Calystegia stpiuni—Great Bindweed.Convolvulus arvensis—Field Bindweed.In confinement on lettuce.

LARV^ AND FOOD-PLANTS.

Sphinx ligustri.

Ilex Aquifolium—Holly.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Ligustnim vulgare— Pri^'et.

Syringa vulgaris—Lilac.

Also on laurestinus.

Sphinx pinastri.

Finns— Fir.

Deilephila euphorbiae.Euphorbia Cyparissias—Cypress Spurge.

„ Faralias—Sea Spurge.

„ Fortlandica—Portland Spurge.

„ Feplus—Petty Spurge, in confinement.

Deilephila galii.

Rubia pereorina—Madder.Galium veriim—Lady's Bedstraw.

„ Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.In confinement on fuchsia.

Deilephila livornica.

Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Folygonuin aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.RuDux—Dock. In confinement on this and fuchsia.

Vitis vinifera—Vine.

Chaerocampa celerio.

Epilobium hirsutum—Great Hairy Willow herb,Daucus Carota—AVild CaiTot.

Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.Vitis vinifera—Vine.

Chaerocampa porcellus.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.

,, Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

,, palustre—Water Bedstraw.Epilobium hirsutum—Great Hairy Willow-herb.

,, angustifolium.

Lythrum Sahcaria—Purple Loose-strife.

Vitis vinifera—\'ine.

Chaerocampa elpenor.Fyrus Mains—Apple.Epilobium hirsutum—Great Hairy Willow-herb.Lythrum Salicaria—Purple Loose-strife.

Circcsa lutetiana—Enchanter's Night-shade.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.

„ Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw. In confinement.

„ palustre—Water Bedstraw.Vitis vinifera—Vine. In confinement.

In confinement on fuchsia.

10 ZA7?l'A COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

* Chaerocampa nerii.

Vitis vinifera—Vine.Nerium Oleander—Oleander.Vinca major—Greater Periwinkle.

Smerinthus ocellatus.Prunits 5//;/oi'(;—Blackthorn.Pyrus Mains—Apple.Salix rt/3a—White Willow.

,, cinerea—(Sallow).

„ Caprea—(Sallow).Populus alba—White Poplar.

„ 7iigra—Black Poplar.

„ trcmula—Aspen.

Smerinthus populi.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).

„ Caprea—(Sallow.Populus—Po pi ar.

„ nigra (^pyramidalis)—Lombardy Poplar,

„ tremiila—Aspen.

Smerinthus tiliae.

Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Ulmiis campestris—Elm.Corylus Avellana—Hazel.

Macroglossa stellatarum.Rubia peregrina—^Madder.

Galium verum—-Lady's Bedstraw.

„ Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

„ Aparine—Goose Grass.

Macroglossa fuciformis.Lychnis alba—Evening, Campion.

„ diurna—Red ' 'ampion.

„ Flos-cuculi—^:s.gge.A Robin.Lonicera Periclymeniim—Honeysuckle.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Scdbiosa arvensis—Field Scabious.

Macroglossa bombyliformis.Scabiosa succisa—Devil's-bit Scabious.

„ arvensis—Field Scabious.

Trochilium apiformis.Populus—Poplar. In the stems and wood.

„ jiigra— Black Poplar. In the bark and wood,„ iremula—Aspen. In the wood.

LARV.^ AND FOOD-PLANTS. ir

Trochilium crabroniformis (bembeciformis).Siilix triandra—Three-stamened Willow. (?) In the wood.

,, viminalis—Osier. In the wood.

„ cinerea—(Sallow). In the wood.

„ Caprea—(Sallow). In the wood.Popuhis nigra Qpyramidalis)—Lombardy Poplar. In the

bark and wood.

„ nigra—Black Poplar. In the bark and wood.

Sciopteron tabaniformis (asiliformis).

Fraxinus excelsior—Ash. In the roots.

Popiilus nigra—Black Poplar. In the bark and wood.

„ tremula—Aspen. In the wood.

Sesia scoliiformis.

Bdula rt/4(7—Birch. In the bark.

Sesia sphegiformis.Alnus gliitinosa—-Alder. In the stems and suckers.

Sesia andreniformis.Cornus sanguinea—Dog-wood,Ligustruin vulgare—Privet. On the flowers,

Sesia tipuliformis.

Ribes rubriim—Red CurranL. In the shoots.

;, nigrum—Black Currant. In the shoots.

Sesia asiliformis (cynipiformis).Ulinus campestris—Elm. In the bark.

Qiiercus Rolnir—Oak. In the bark.

Sesia Myopiformis.Pyrits communis—Pear. In the wood.

„ Mains—Apple. In the bark and wood.

Sesia culiciformis.Behda «//-«—Birch. In the bark.

Alnus glittinosa—Alder. In the bark and wood.

Sesia formiciformis.Salix triandra—Three-stamened Willow, In the wood.

„ viminalis—Osier. In the wood.

Sesia Ichneumoniformis.Helleborusfcetidus—Stinking Hellebore, In the stems.

Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil. In the roots,

Centaurea nigra—Knapweed. In the stems.

Sesia musciformis (philanthiformis).A rmeria maritiina—Thrift.

Sesia chrysidiformis.Rumcx—Dock. On the roots.

„ Acetosa—Sorrel. On the roots.

„ Acetosella—Sheep Sorrel. On the roots.


Ino globularias.

Poterium Sanguisorha—Common Salad Burnet.

Centaurea nigra—Knapweed.

Ino statices.

Rutnex Acetosa—Sorrel.

„ Acetosella—Sheep Sorrel.

Ino geryon.Helianthtnutm C/iamcrcistiis—Rock Rose.Runiex Acetosa—Sorrel (?).


Zygaena pilosellae (minos).Trifolium ochrokiicon.


Pimpinella Saxifraga—Common Burnet Saxifrage.

Thymus Serpyllutn—Thyme.Hippocrepis comosa—Horse-shoe Vetch.

Zygaena exulans.Si7e)ie acaulis—Moss Campion.Arenaria (^Cherlei-ia') sedoides—Mossy Cyphel.Medicago mpulina—Black Medick. In confinement.Trifolmm pratense—Purple Clover. In confinement.

„ repens—Dutch Clover. In confinement.Lotus corniculatus—Birds-foot Trefoil. In confinement.Potentilla {Sibbaldia') procumbens—Scotch Cinquefoil.

Alchemilla alpma—Alpine Lady's Mantle.Rumex Acetosa—Sorrel. In confinement.

Zygaena meliloti.

Trifolium procumbens—Hop Trefoil,

Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil,

Zygaena trifoHi,

Trifolium procutnbens—Hop Trefoil.

Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil,

Hippocrepis comosa—Horse-shoe Vetch,

Zygaena lonicerae.

Trifolimn pratense—Purple Clover,



Latliyrus (jOrobus') pratensis—Meadow Vetchling.Hippocrepis comosa—Horse-shoe Vetch,

Zygaena filipendulae.

Trifolium pratense—Purple Closer.

„ repens—Dutch Clover,


Onobrychis vicicsfolm (jativci)—Saint-foin,

Valeriana officinalis—Great Wild Valerian.

LARV^ A .VD FOOD-PLANTS. 1

3

* Syntomis phegea.Scabiosa siiccisa—Devil's-bit Scabious.

Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Plantago lanceolata—Narrow-leaved Plantain.

Rtimex Acetosa—Sorrel.

* Nacilia ancilla.

Lichen. On trees.

Sarothripus undulanus (revayana).Salix cinerea—(Sallow).

„ Caprea—(Sallow).

Earias chlorana.Salix triandra—Three-stamened Willow (?). In the

shoots.

„ viminalis—Osier (?). In the shoots.

,, alba—White Willow. In the shoots.

Hylophila (Halias) prasinana.Querctis Robur—Oak.Coiylus Avellana—Hazel.

Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Betula alba—Birch.

Alnus glutinosa—Alder.

Hylophila (Halias) bicolorana (quercana).Quercus Robiir—Oak.

Nola cucullatella.

Pninus spinosa—Blackthorn./";-««;«—Plum.Cratasgics Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

Nola strigula.

Quercus Robtir—Oak.Lichen caninus. On oaks,

Nola confusalis (cristulalis).

Quercus Robur—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Nola albulalis.

Ruhus ccesius—Dewberry.

Nola centonalis.Medicago lupulina—Black Medick.Trifolium pratense—Purple Clover. On the flowers.

„ dubiunt—On the flowers.

„ repens—Dutch Clover. On the flowers.

„ procumbens—Hop Trefoil. Its proper food.

„ filiforme.


Potentilla A nserina—Silver-weed.

14 LAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Nudaria senex.Lichen.

Lichen catimus. In confinement on this and decayed sallow

or bramble leaves.

Nudaria mundana.Lichen. On trees and walls.

Setina irrorella.

Lichen. On stones on the sea-coast above high-water.

Calligenia miniata.Lichen. On oaks, beech and birch.

Lichen caninus. On oaks.

In confinement on withered oak or sallow leaves,

Lithosia mesomella.Lichen. On oaks.

In confinement on green or withering sallow leaves,

Lithosia muscerda.Lichen. Probably on sallows in wet pla es.

In confinement on Lichen caninus and decayed sallow or

bramble leaves.

Lithosia sororcula (aureola).

Lichen. On oaks, beeches, larch, fir and pine.

Lithosia lutarella (pygmasola).Lichen.

Lithosia griseola.

Lichen.

„ caninus.

Trifolium repens—Dutch Clover.

,,pratense—Purple Clover.

Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

In confinement on mosses and withered sallow leaves.

Lithosia griseola v. stramineola.Lichen.

Lichen caninus.

Lithosia deplana.Lichen. On oaks, beech and yew.

Lithosia lurideola (complanula).Clematis vitalba—Traveller's Joy.

Lichen (?). On oaks, blackthorn, poplars, larch and walls.

Rhamnus catharticus—Buckthorn.Rhamnus Frangula—Alder Buckthorn.Cornus sanguinea—Dog-wood.Quercus Robur—Oak.

LARV^ AND FOOD.PLANTS. i;

Lithosia complana.Lichen. On blackthorn and fir.

Lithosia sericea (molybdeola).Lichen. Probably on heath or stones underneath. In con-

finement on chickweed, dandelion, lettuce, andwithered oak or sallow leaves,

Lithosia caniola.

Trifoliuni pratense—Purple Clover.

Trifoliian repens—Dutch Clover.

Lotus corniculatiis—'Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Also on other Legnminosce

.

Gnophria quadra.Lichen—On trees.

Lichen caninus—On oaks.

Gnophria rubricollis.

Lichen—On beech and other trees.

Emydia cribrum.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Emydia striata, (grammica.)Artemisia vulgaris—Mugwort. On the seeds.

Calluna Erica—Ling : Heather.

Festuca ovina—Sheep's Fescue-grass.

Deiopeia pulchella.

Myosotis paliistris—Forget-me-not. In confinement.

„ arvtnsis—Field Forget-me-not.

Borago oJ/icina/is—Borzge. In confinement.

Euchelia jacobaeae.

Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel.

„ Jacobcea—Ragwort.

Callimorpha dominula.Spiroea Ulmaria—Meadow-sweet.Cynoglossum officinale— Hound's-tongue.Salix repens—Dwarf Sallow.

Also on various low plants.

Callimorpha hera.Cynoglossum officinale—Hound's-tongue.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle.


Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Also on other low plants.

i6 ZAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Nemeophila russula.Hieracium Pilosella—Mouse-ear Hawk-weed.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Erica cinerea—Common Purple Heath.

Plantago—Plantain. In confinement on lettuce.

Also on other low plants.

Nemeophila plantaginis.Viola odorata—Sweet Violet.

,, canina—Dog Violet.


Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel.Plantago—Plantain.

Also on numerous low plants.

Arctia caja.

Tilia vulgaris—Lime,Pyrus Malus—Apple.Lamiiim pnrpureum—Purple Dead-nettle.

„ album—White Dead-nettle.

Symphytum officinale—Comfrey.

Arctia villica.

Stellaria media—Chickweed. In confinement on lettuce.

Also on numerous low plants.

Spilosoma fuliginosa.


Listera ovata—Twayblade.

Spilosoma mendica.Stellaria media—Chickweed.Plantago—P lantai n.

Rumex—Dock.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Betula «/(5,z—Birch.


Spilosoma lubricepeda.CratcEgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.

Rumex—Dock.Also on very many low plants.

Spilosoma menthastri.Rumex—Dock.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Also on very many low plants.

Spilosoma urticae.

Epilohium hirsutum—Great Hairy Willow-herb.Pedicularis palustris—Marsh Red Rattle.

Mentha kirsuta—Hairy Mint. (?)

Iris Pseudacorus—Yellow Iris.


Hepialus humuli.Arctium minus (Lappa)—Burdock. On the roots.

Taraxacum ci^wwa/i?—Dandelion. On the roots of this andgrasses.

Scrophularia aquatica—Water Fig-wort.

Lamium album— White Dead-nettle. On the roots.

Ballota nigra—Black Horehound. On the roots.

Rumex—Dock. On the roots.

Humulus Liipuhis—Hop. On the roots.

Hepialus sylvanus.Rumex—Dock. On the roots.

Hepialus velleda.

Pterin aqiiilina—Brake ; Bracken. On the rools.

Hepialus lupulinus.Lamium purpureiim—Purple Dead-nettle. On the roots.

„ album—White Dead-nettle. On the roots.

Ballota nigra—Black Horehound. On the roots.

Hepialus hectus.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. On the roots of this and

other plants.

Pteris aquilina—Brake ; Bracken. On the roots.

Cossus ligniperda.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash. In the wood.Quercus Robur—Oak. In the wood."Salix alba—White Willow. In the wvod.Populus—Poplar. In the wood.Syringa vulgaris— Lilac. In the wood.

Zeuzera pyrina (aesculi).

Acer Pseudo-platanus—Sycamore. In the wood.Prunus—Plum. In the wood.

Pyrus communis—Pear. In the wood.

,, Malus—Apple. In the wood.Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In the wood.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash. In the wood.Ulnius campestris—Elm. In the wood.Betula alba—Birch. In the wood.

Almis glutimsa—Alder. In the wood.Populus—Poplar. In the wood.yEsculus hippocastanum—Horse Chestnut, In the wood.Syringa vulgaris—Lilac. In the wood.

Macrogaster castaneae (arundinis).Phragmites communis—Reed. In the stems.

1

8

IAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Heterogenea limacodes (testudo).Betiila alha—Birch.

Qiiercus Robitr—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Heterogenea asella (asellus.)Betula alha—Birch.

Qitevcus Rohm—O^V.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Populiis—Poplar,

Porthesia (,Liparis) chrysorrhoea.Pniiuis spinosa—Blackthorn.Crattvgiis Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

Also on standard roses.

Porthesia (Liparis) similis (auriflua).

Pyrtis Mains—Apple.CratcEgiis Oxyacantha—AVliitethorn.

Qiierais Robiir—Oak.

Leucoma salicis.

Salix «/^a—White Willow.Populiis—Poplar.

„ 7iigi'a fJ>yrami(lalis').—'Lomb!Lrdy Poplar.

Lselia coenosa.Cladium germanicum—T vv igf-rush.

Phragmites communis—Reed.Carex—Sedge.

Ocneria dispar.Primus spinosa—Blackthorn.

—Plum.Pyrus Mains—Apple.Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn,

*Laria 1-nigrum.Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Qiiercus Robiir—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Salix Caprea—(Sallow).

Psilura monacha.Pyrus Mains—Apple.Betula alba—V,\\c\\.

Qiiercus Robtir—Oak,Piniis—Fir.

Dasychira fascelina.

Primus—Plum.Corylus Avellana—Hazel.

Also on various trees and herbaceous plants.

LARV.E AND FOOD-PLANTS.

Dasychira pudibunda.Tilia vulgaris—-Lime.

Betula alha—Birch.

Querais RobHr—O?^.Castanea saliva—Chestnut.

Humuliis Lupuhis—Hop.Abo on various trees.

Orgyia gonostigma.Priintis spinosa—Blackthorn.

Cratcvgiis Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.

Corylus Avellana—Hazel.

Quercus Robiiv—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Salix—(Sallow).

Orgyia antiqua.Tilia vulgaris—hlme.P^-unus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Prunus—Plum.Pyriis communis—Pear.

„ Malus—Apple.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Corylus Avellana—Hazel.

Quercus Robur—Oak.Salix cinerea—(Sallow). In confinement.

„ Caprea—(Sallow). In confinement.

Robinia Pseud-acacia—Acacia.

Also on many trees and shrubs.

Trichiura cratsegi.

Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Betula alba—Birch.

Quercus Robur—Oak.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).


Populus 7iigra—Black Poplar.

Pcecilocampa populi.

Tilia vulgaris—Lime,Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Betula alba—^xxzh..

Quercus Robur—Oak.I'opulus—Poplar.

Eriogaster lanestris.

Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Ulmus campestris—Elm.


Bombyx neustria.

Prumis—Plum.Pyriis communis—Pear.

,, Malm—Apple.


Bombyx castrensis.

Daiicus Carota—VVild Carrot.

Artemisia maiitima—Sea WormwooJ.Pluntago lanccolata—Narrow-leaved Plantain.

In confinement on apple, pear, rose, birch, sprinkled with

salt-water.

Bombyx rubi.

Rubus fniticosHs—Bramble.

Rosa spinosissima—Burnet Rose.

Vaccinittm Myrtilliis—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Calluna Erica—Ling^; Heather.

Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath.

,, cinerea—Common Purple Heath.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

Bombyx quercus.Cralcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Calluna Erica—Ling

;Heather.

Populus nigra—Black Poplar.

Bombyx quercus v. callunae.

Cratcrgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.

Bombyx trifolii.

Cytisus (^Sarot/iamnus) scoparius—Broom.Medicago saliva—Lucerne.

Melilotus arvensis—Melilot.



Odonestis potatoria.Poa annua—Annual Meadow.grass.


Lasiocampa quercifolia.

Rhamnus catharticus—Buckthorn.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Salix alba—White Willow.

Lasiocampa ilicifolia.

Vacciniutn Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry,

Salix cinerea—(Sallow).

,, Caprea— (Sallow).

Endromis versicolor.

Betula alba—Birch.

LARV,€ AND FOOD-PLANTS.

Saturnia pavonia (carpini).

Pninus spinosa—Blackthorn

.

Spinva Ulmaria—Meadow-sweet.Samhiicus tiigra—Elder.


„ cinerea—Common Purple Heath.Salix rt/4«—White Willow.Craiivgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Rithus fnitkosus—Bramble.Salix—.Sal low.

Lythrum Salicaria—Purple Loosestrife.

In confinement on walnut.

Drepana (Platypteryx) lacertinaria (lacertula).

Betula «/(5rt—Birch.

Drepana (Platypteryx) harpagula (sicula).

Querciis Robur—(Jak.


Tilia vulgaris—Lime.

„ cordata (^parvijolia').

Drepana (Platypteryx) falcataria (falcula).

Populus treinula—Aspen.Salix alba—\Nh\te Willow.Quercus Robur—Oak.Aliius glutinosa-—Alder.

Betula alba~V,\\Q\\.

Drepana (Platypteryx) binaria (hamula).Quercus Robur—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Drepana (Platypteryx) cultraria (unguicula).Pagiis sylvatica—Beech.

Cilix glaucata (spinula).

Cralccgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

Rhamnus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Pyrus communis— Pear.

Dicranura bicuspis.


A bins glutinosa—Alder.

Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Dicranura furcula.

Fagus svlvalica.—Beech.Salix rt//;«—White Willow.

,; viminalis—Os\tr.

„ cinerea—(Sallow.

,, Crt/;w—(Sallow.)

22 IAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Dicranura bifida.

Popidus—Poplar.

„ iremula—Aspen.

Dicranura vinula.

Salix a/(5(7—White Willow.

„ cinerea—(Sallow.)

„ Caprea—(Sallow.)

Populus—Poplar.

Popiilus nigra—Black Poplar.

Stauropus fagi.

Pyrus Mains—Apple.


Querciis Rohur—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beec

Glyphisia crenata.Populus—Poplar.


Ptilophora plumigera.Acer campistre—Maple.

,, Pseudo-platanus—Sycamore.

Pterostoma (Ptilodontis) palpina.Salix cinerea—(Sallow.)


Populus—Poplar.


Lophopteryx camelina.Acer campestre—Maple.Betula alba—Birch.


Quercus Robur—Oak.Populus—Poplar.

Corylus A vellana—Hazel.

Lophopteryx cuculla (cucullina).

Acer Pseudo-platanus—Sycamore.

,, campestre—Maple.

Lophopteryx carmelita.Betula rt//w—Birch.

Notodonta bicolor.


Notodonta dictaea.

Sahx fl//.^—White Willow.

,, Caprea—(Sallow.)


„ tremula—Aspen.

LARV.-E AND FOOD-PLANTS,

Notodonta dictseoides.A cer Pseudo-platanus—Sycimore.Betula «//;«—Birch.

Salix Caprea—(Sallow.)

Notodonta dromedarius.Betula alba—Birch.

Alnus ghitinosa—'Alder,

Notodonta trilophus.Betula alba—Birch.

Populus—Poplar.

,, /r^w«/iz—Aspen,

Notodonta ziczac.Salix «/^«—White Willow,


„ C«/;-M^(Sallow,)/'(5^«/?^.f^Poplar,

Notodonta trepida.Ouerciis Robur—Oak.

Notodonta chaonia.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Notodonta trimacula (dodonea),Betula alba—Birch.

Quercus Robur—Oak,

Phalera bucephala.Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Pruniis—Plum.Ulmus campestris—Elm.Coryliis Avellana—Hazel.

Quercus Robur—Oak.Abo on other trees,

Pygaera (Clostera) curtula.Salix cinerea—(Sallow.)

,, Caprea—)Sallow.)

Populus—Poplar.

,, treniula—Aspen,

Pygaera (Clostera) anachoreta,Salix Caprea—(Sallow.)

Populus nigra—Black Poplar,

Pygaera (Clostera) pigra (reclusa).

Salix cinerea—(Sallow.)



24 lA/iVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Thyatira derasa.Riibus fruticoiits—•Bramble.

Thyatira batis.

Riihus fruiicoms—Bramble.

Cymatophora octogesima (ocularis).

Populiis tremitla—Aspen.

Cymatophora or.

Populiis tremnla—Aspen.

„ nigra—Black Poplar.

Cymatophora duplaris.Betida alba—M\xz\\.

A Inns glutinosa—Alder.

Cymatophora fluctuosa.Betula alba— Birch.

Asphalia diluta.

Betula ff//;«— Birch.

Qiiercus Robur—O-AV.

Asphalia flavicornis.


Asphalia ridens.

QiurcHs Robur—Oak.

Bryophila algae.

Lichen. On trees.

Bryophila muralis (glandifera.)

Lichen. On walls and buildings.

Bryophila par (var. of above.)Lichen. On walls and buildings.

Bryophila perla.

Lichen. On walls.

Moma (Diphthera) orion.


Quercus Robur—Oak.

Demas coryli.

Prunus spitiosa—Blackthorn.

Corylus Avellana— I lazel.


Acronycta tridens.


Pyrus communis—Pear.

Cratccgus Oxyacantha—^Vhitethorn.

Also on various trees, shrubs and plants.


Acronycta psi.

Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Piiinits spinosa—Blacklhorn.

—Plum.P\ nis communis—Pear.

,. Malus—Apple.CraliTgus Oxyacantha—-Whitethorn.

Also on various trees, shrubs and plants.

Acronycta leporina.Betula alba—?,uc\i.

A Inus glutinosa—Alder.

Salix fl/^a—White Willow.



Acronycta aceris.

A cer Pseudo-platanus—S3'camore.

Quei-acs Robur—Oak.

Acronycta megacephala.Populus—?o^^\-xr.

Acronycta strigosa.


Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

Acronycta alni.

Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Rubus Idceus—Raspberry.Rosa canina—Dog Rose.

Cralccgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Betula alba—Birch.

A huts glutinosa—Alder.

Pyrus Malus—Apple.Ubnus montana—Mountain Ash.Corylus Avellana—Hazel.

Quercus Robur — Oak.Castanea saliva—Chestnut.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Salix alba—WhxiQ Willow.

„ cinerea (Sallow.)


Acronycta ligustri.

Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Ligustrum vulgare—Privet.

Acronycta rumicis.Fragaria vesca—W'ild Strawberry.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.Also on many low plants.


Acronycta auricoma.Riihus fruticosus—Bramble,Vaccmium Mvrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

Betiila alba—Birch.

Quercus Robur—Oak.Also on many other plants.

Acronycta menyanthidis.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement.

Myrica Gale—Sweet Gale.

Salix a/(5a—White Willow.Menyajithes trifoliata—Buck-bean ; Marsh Trefoil.

Acronycta euphorbise.Myrica Gale^-Sweet Gale.

Salix—(Sallow.) In confinement.

Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather. In confinement.

Betula alba—Birch. In confinement.

Erica—Heath. In confinement.

Diloba caeruleocephala.Prunus—V\Mm.Pyrus communis—Pear.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.

Arsilonche albovenosa (venosaj.Carex—Sedge.

Phragmites communis— Reed.Glyceria aquatica.

Also on various water plants.

Synia musculosa.(P'ood-plant at present unknown.)

Leucania conigera.Agropyron ( Triticimi) repens—Couch-grass.


Leucania vitellina.

Nardus stricta—Mat-grass (?).


Leucania turca.

Luzula vernalis (j>ilosa~)—Broad-leaved Wood-rush.

„ campestns—Field Wood-rush ; Cuckoo-grass,

Leucania lithargyria.

Stellaria media—Chickweed.Plantago—Plantain.

Also on grasses.

LARV.'E A.YD FOOD-PLANTS. 27

Leucania albipuncta.Stellaria media—Chickweed.Agropyron {Tnticum) repens—Couch-grass.

Leucania extranea.(Food-plant at present unknown.)

Leucania obsoleta.Phragmites communis—Reed.

Leucania putrescens.Dadylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass (?).

On coast grasses.

Leucania littoralis.

Carex riparia.

Carex svlvatica—In confinement.

A.mmophila arundinacea—Marram

.

Leucania impudens (pudorina).Phragmites communis—Reed.Also on several grasses.

Leucania comma.Rumex Acetosa—Sorrel.

Rumex Acetosella—Sheep Sorrel.

Dactylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.


Leucania straminea.Poa irivialis—(?)Phragmites communis—Reed.Phalaris arundinacea—Reed Canary Grass.

Also on other grasses " in damp meadows and on the banksof streams."

Leucania impura.Carex—Sedge.

Leucania pallens.

Deschampsia (^Aira') ccespifosa—Tussock-grass.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.A^ropyroyi {Triticiini) repens—Couch-grass.Dactylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass.

* Leucania loreyi.

(Grass—species unknown.")

* Leucania 1-album.(Grass—species unknown.)

Calamia phragmitidis.Phragmites communis—Reed.

28 ZA/^r.l COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Meliana flammea.Phragmites communis—Reed. In the stems.

Santa maritima (ulvae).

Phragmites communis—Reed. In the stems.

Ccenobia rufa (despecta).Juncus lamprocarpHs. In the sterna.

Tapinostola fulva.

Carex—Sed^e. In the stems.

„ paludosa. In the stems.

Eriophorum angustifolium—Common Cotton Grass.

Glyceria aquaiica.

Tapinostola hellmanni.Phragmiie f communis—Reed

.

Tapinostola extrema (concolor).

(Foo J-plant at present unknown.)

Tapinostola bondii.

A rr/ien.it/ierum avenaceum.

Tapinostola elymi.Elymus arenarins—Lyme-grass. In the stems and roots.

Nonagria cannae.Typba latifolia—Rtti Mace.

Nonagria sparganii.Iris Pseudacorus—Yellow Iris. In the stems of this and

otlier Iris.

Typh^ latifolia —RttA Mace. In the stems.

„ angustifolia. In the stems.

Sparganium ramosum—Bur-reed. In the stems.

Nonagria arundinis (typhae).

Typha latifohd—Reed Mace. In the stems.

Nonagria '^eminipuncta.Phragmites communis— Reed. In the stems.

Nonagria neurica.Phragmites communis—Reed. In the stems,

Nonagria brevilinea.

Typha /ati/o/ia—Reed Mace.Phragmites communis—Reed. In the stems.

Scijpits. In the stems.

Nonagria lutosa.

Phragmites communis—Reed. In the stems.

LAA'V.'E AND FOOD-PLANTS. 29

Gortyna ochracea (flavago).

Arctium minus (^Lappa)—Burdock. In the stems.

Cat duus nutans—Musk Thistle. In the stems of this and

other thistles.

Cnicus palustris—Marsh Thistle. In the stems.

Verbascum Thapsus—Mullein. In the stems.

Scrophularia aquatica—Water Fig-wort. In the stems.

Digitalis purpurea—Foxglove. In the stems.

Sambiicus nigra—Elder.

Also on potatoe.

Hydraecia nictitans.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass. On the roots of this

and other grasses.

Glyceria tnarilima,

HydrcEcia petasitis.

Pctasites officinalis (^vulgaris')—Butter-Bur. In the stems

and roots.

Hydrcecia micacea.Cyperus longus—Cypress-root.

Carex—Sedge.Eqmsetum arvense—Field-Mare's Tail. In the stems.

„ limosum. In the stems,

Axylia putris.

Primula acaiilis—Primrose (?).

Humulus Lupulus—Hop.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.


Xylophasia rurea.

Primula acaulis—Primrose.

,. veris—Cowslip.Also on various grasses.

Xylophasia lithoxylea.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass (?). On the roots of this

and other grasses.

Xylophasia sublustris.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass (?). On the roots of this

and other grasses.

Xylophasia monoglypha (polyodon).Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass (?). On the roots of

this and other grasses and low plants.

Xylophasia hepatica.Stellaria media—Chickweed.Also on grasses and roots of other low plants.

30 LARVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Xylophasia scolopacina.Luzula vernalis (^pilosa) Broad-leaved Wood-rush.

„ catnpestris—Field Wood-rush ; Cuckoo-grass.Scirpus ccespitosus.

Briza media—Quaking Grass ; Maidenhair.

„ minor—Small Quaking Grass.

Dipterygia scabriuscula (pinastri).A'///;/,M-— Dock.

Cloantha polyodon (perspicillaris).Hypericum perforatum—Perforated St. John's Wort

Aporophyla australis.

Cichorium Intyhus—Chicory.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Stellaria media—Chickweed.

Laphygma exigua.Rlantago— Plantain.

Neuria reticulata (sapponariae).Silene Cucul>alus—White Campion.

„ marituna—Sea Campion.

„ gallica—English Catchfly.


Neuronia popularis.Poa annua—-Annual Meadow-grass,Also on other grasses.

Heliophobus hispidus.Plan/ago—-Plantain.

Poa (7«««rt—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses.

Charaeas graminis.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass. On the roots of this

and other grasses.

Pachetra leucophaea.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.

„ nemoralis—-Wood Meadow-grass.Festuca ovina—Sheep's Fescue Grass (?.)" In tufts of grass growing in woods," and on commons.

Cerigo matura (cytherea).Aira caryophyllea—Hair-grass.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses on high and stony places.

Luperina testacea.Poa atinua— Annual Meadow-grass. On the stems of this

and other grasses.

LARVAE AND FOOD-PLANTS. 31

Luperina dumerili.(Food-plant at present unknown).

Luperina cespitis.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses.

Mamestra abjecta.Artemisia maritima—Sea AVormwood.

Mamestra sordida (anceps).(Grass ; species at present unknown).

Mamestra albicolon.

Chenopodiiun Vulvaria—Slinking Goose-foot ; Orach.

,,album—White Goose-foot.

„ Bonus- Hetiricus—Good King Henry.Atriplex patula—Orach.

,, laciniata—Sea Orach.

In gardens on lettuce.

Mamestra furva.

Corjnep/wrus (^Aira") canescens,

Mamestra brassicae.

Chenopodtum Vulvaria—Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach.

„ album—White Goose-foot.

Bomis-Henricus—Good King Henry.Rumex—Dock.Also on man}' other plants.

Mamestra persicariae.

Satnbucus nigra—Elder.

Also on low plants.

Apamea basilinea.

Agropyron {Triticum')—Wheat. On the grain, afterwards onvarious low plants.

Apamea connexa.Grass in woods ; species unknown. In the stems (?).

Apamea gemina.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass. In confinement.

Agropyron {Triticurn) repens—Couch-grass. In confine-ment.

Phalaris arundinacea—Reed Canary Grass. In confinement.

Apamea unanimis.Agropyron {Triticuni) repens—Couch-grass. In confine-

ment.Phalaris arundinacea—Rtti Canary Grass.

„ canariensis—Canary Grass.

Carex—Sedge.

32 IA/?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Apamea ophiogramma.

Phalaris arundinacea—Reed Canary Grass.

„ canariensis—Canary Grass.Ii'is Psetidacoriis—Yellow Iris. In the stems.

Apamea leucostigma (fibrosa).Iris Pseudacorus—^Yellow Iris. In the stems.Cladium germanicum—Twig-rush.

Apamea didyma (oculea).Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses.

Miana strigilis.

Dactylis glomerala—Cock's-foot Grass.

Miana fasciuncula.Dcuhainpsia (^Aira') carspitosa—Tussock-grass. In the stems

of this and other grasses.

Miana literosa.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass (?). In the stems ofthis and other grasses.

Miana bicoloria (furuncula.)A jylunatherurn avenaceum,

Miana arcuosa.Deschainpsia (^Aira) ccespiiosa—Tussock-grass. On the roots.

Phothedes captiuncula.Carex glauca.

Phalaris arundinacea—Reed Canary Grass.

Celaena haworthii.Eriiplwrum angustifolium—Common Cotton Grass.

„ vaginatum—Hare's-tail Cotton Grass.

Grammesia trigrammica (trilinea).

Plantago major—Greater Plantain.

Stilbia anomala.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses.

Caradrina morpheus.Dipsacus sylvestris—Wild Teasel.

,,pilosus—Small Teasel.

Chenopodiutn Vulvaria—Stinking Goose-foot; Orach,

„ album—White Goose-foot.Seduni Telephium—Orpine.Galium Molluqo—Hedge Bedstraw.6"a/;x—(Sallo'w.)

Humulus Lupulus-—Hop.Also on other plants.

LARV^ AND FOOD.PLANTS. 33

Caradrina alsines.

Stellaria media—Chickweed.Plantago— Plantain.


Caradrina taraxaci (blanda.)Stellaria ftiedia—Chickweed.Also on various low plants.

Caradrina ambigua.(Food-plant at present unknown.)

Caradrina quadripunctata (cubicularis).Slellaria ttiedia—Chickweed.Also on various farinaceous and leguminous plants.

Acosmetia caliginosa.Poterium Sangitisorba—Common Salad Burnet.

Hydrilla palustris.

Plantago— Plantain.

Also on various low plants,

Rusina tenebrosa.Viola odorala—Sweet Violet.




Agrotis vestigialis (valligera.)

Holciis lanatus—Meadow Soft-grass, (?) On the roots ofthis and other grasses,

Borago officinalis—Borage.Artemisia campestris—Field Wormwood.

Agrotis puta.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. (?)Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

In confinement on carrot and lettuce,

Agrotis suffusa.dehorium Intybus—Chicory.

Hokus lanatus—Meadow Soft-grass. (?) On the roots ofthis and other grasses.

Agrotis saucia.Trifolium pratense—Purple Clover.

,, repens—Dutch Clover.Plantago—P Ian tai n

.

Rnmex—Dock.Also on other low plants.


Agrotis segetum.Brassica Sinapis—Cherlock ; Wild iMustard. On the roots

of this, turnip, cabbage, horse-radish, carrot, mangold-wurzel, grasses, china asters, etc.

Agrotis lunigera.Polygonum avkulare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

Taraxacum officinale— Dandelion. In confinement.

Agrotis exclamationis.Brassica Napus— Rape. On the roots of this, turnip, other

vegetables and low plants.

Agrotis corticea.

Chenopodium album—White Goose-foot. In confinement.


Ru?nex—Dock. In confinement.

Verhascum—Mullein. In confinement.

Also on holl3'hock and slices of carrot.

Agrotis cinerea.Rumex Acetosa—Sorrel. On the roots of this and other low-

plants.

Rumcx—Dock, In confinement;prefers the seeds.

Agrotis ripae.

Cynoglosium officinale—Hound's-tongue.

Agrotis cursoria.Euphorbia Esula.

A renaria peploides—Sea Sandwort.Viola Curtisii Forster.

Agropyron ( Triticiini) junceum.

Agrotis nigricans.




Agrotis tritici.

Plantago maritima—Sea Plantain. On the roots of this andother low plants and vegetables.

Agrotis aquilina.

Papaver Rlucas—Red Poppy. On the roots.

Stellaria media—Chickweed. On the roots.

Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Plantago—Plantain.

Also on the roots of other poppies, cabbage, brocoli, etc.

Agrotis obelisca.

Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Also on various low plants.


Agrotis agathina.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Agrotis strigula (porphyrea).Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Agrotis praecox.Stellaria media—Chick weed.Also on various low plants.

Agrotis obscura (ravida).

Carduiis nutans—On the roots of this and other thistles.

Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. On the roots and leaves.

Rumex—Dock.

Agrotis simulans (pyrophila).Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. (?)Also on grasses and other low plants.

Agrotis lucernea.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Campanula rotundifolia—Harebell. In confinement.


Agrotis ashworthii.Helianthemum Chamcecistus—Rock Rose.

Poterium Sanguisorba—Common Salad Burnet.

Scabiosa succisa—Devil's-bit Scabious.

Solidago Virgaurea—Golden-rod.Hieraciiim Pilosella—Mouse-ear Hawk-weed.Campanula rotundifolia—Harebell. In confinement.

Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather. In confinement.

Thymus Serpyllum—Thyme.Polygonutn aviculare—Knot-grass.

Salix Caprea—(Sallow). In confinement.

Festuca ovina—Sheep's Fescue-grass.

Also on other Hieracia.

Noctua glareosa.Cytisus (Sarothamnus') scoparius—Broom.Rumex—Dock.

„ Acetosa—Sorrel.

„ Acelosella—Sheep Sorrel.

Noctua depuncta.Rumex Acetosa—Sorrel.


Noctua augur.Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. After hybernation.Salix Caprea—(Sallow). After hybernation.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn. After hybernation.Also on various low plants.

D 2


Noctua plecta.

Galium veritm—Lady's Bedstraw.Asperida odorata—Sweet Woodruff.Also on various low plants.

Noctua flammatra.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Fragaria vesca—Wild Strawberry.

Noctua c-nigrum.Salix repetis—Dwarf Sallow.

Vacciniiim Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Rumex—Dock. In confinement.Plantago—Plantain. In confinement.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle. In confinement.Also on various low plants.

Noctua ditrapezium.Polygonum avicuLire—Knot-grass. (?)Betula alba—Birch. In confinement.Plantago—Plantain. In confinement.Rumex—Dock. In confinement.Salix—Sallow. In confinement.Also on various low plants,

Noctua triangulum.Salix repens—Dwart Sallow.

Plantago—Plantain. In confinement.Rumex—Dock. In confinement.Salix—(Sallow). In confinement.Cratcpgus Oxyacantlia—Whitethorn. In confinement.Rubusfruticosus—Bramble.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle. In confinement.Primula acaulis—Primrose.Betula alba—Birch.

Also on various low plants,

Noctua stigmatica (rhomboidea).Stellaria media—Chickweed.Salix Caprea—(Sallow). After hybernation.Also on other low plants.

In confinement on mint and carrot,

Noctua brunnea.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).


Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.


LARV/E AND FOOD-PLANTS. 37

Noctua festiva.

Polygonum avkulare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Salix cincrea—(Sallow).



Noctua festiva v.conflua.Silene acaiihs—Moss Campion. Po!3'phagous.

Noctua dahlii.


Runiex—Dock. In confinement, after hybernation.Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement, after

hybernation.

Rubiis fridicosus—Bramble. In confinement, after hyberna-tion.


Noctua subrosea.Myrica Gale—Sweet Gale.

Salix alba—White Willow. In confinement.

1) fragilis—Crack \Villow. In confinement.

Noctua rubi.

Salix repetis—Dwarf Sallow.

Plantago—V\-3.x\\.-a!\x\. In confinement.Rutnex—Dock.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle. In confinement.Also on grasses and various low plants.

Noctua umbrosa.Scilla nutans—Squill ; Blue-bell. On the seeds.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Rumex—Dock. In confinement.Plantago lanceolata—Narrow-leaved Plantain. In confine-

ment.Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw. In confinement.Also on other grasses and low plants.

Noctua baia (baja).

Salix repent—Dwarf Sallow.

Vacciniutn Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Plantago—Plantain. In confinement.Rumex—Dock. In confinement.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle. In confinement.Also on various low plants.

Noctua sobrina.Vacciniitm Myrtillus—Whortleberry

; Bilberry.Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement.


Noctua castanea (v. neglecta).Ca/lutia Erica—Ling ; Heather.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).

„ Capna—(Sallow).

Noctua xanthographa.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Crato'gus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Salix repens—-Dwarf Sallow.

Plantago—Plantain. In confinement.Riimex—Dock. In confinement.I amiitm alhiim—White Dead-nettle. In confinement.Also on other grasses.

Triphaena ianthina.Lamiiim purpureitm—Purple Dead-nettle.

„ allium—White Dead-nettle.

Primula acaulis—Pri mrose.

Primus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Also on various garden and low plants.

Triphaena fimbria.

Luziila maxitna—Wood-rush.Lamium purpureum—Purple Dead-nettle.


Primula acaulis—Primrose.


Triphaena interjecta.

Alalva sylvestris—Mallow.Also on various low plant?.

Triphaena orbona (subsequa).Agropyron {Triticuni) repens—Couch Grass.

Dactylis glomerata—Cock's- foot Grass.

Potentilla reptans—Trailing Tormentil.Primula veris—Cowslip.

Ranunculus veris—Meadow Crowfoot.

„ repens—Creeping Crowfoot.

Triphaena comes (orbona).Salix cinerea—(Sallow). After hj'bernation.

„ Ca/rtr.i— (Sallow). After hybernation.Digitalis purpurea—Foxglove.A rmeria maritima—Thrift.

Cratcpgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. After hybernation.Stellaria media—Chickweed.Also on other low plants.


Triphsena pronuba.Stellarla media—Ch ickweed.Lychnis Githago—C orn-cock 1 e.

Also on very many low plants and vegetables.

Araphipyra pyramidea.Ulmiis cainpeslris—Elm,Quercus Robur—Oak.Salix alba—White Willow.

Amphipyra tragopogonis.Cratepgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.


Mania typica.Prunus—Plum. Before hybernation.

Epilobiuiii hirsntum—Great Hairy Willow-herb.Rivnex—Dock.Pyrus communis—Pear.

Also on many other trees before hybernation.

Mania maura.Riimex—Dock.Stellaria media—Q,\\\c\.v;(tf^.

Fragaria vesca—Wild Strawbbrry.

Panolis piniperda.Ptnus sylvestns—Scotch Fir.

Pachnobia leucographa.Plantago—Plantain.

Pachnobia rubricosa.Rumex— Dock.Populus—Poplar.

Pachnobia hyperborea.(Food-plant at present unknown).

Taeniocampa gothica.Syringa vulgaris—Lilac.

Salix Caprea—(Sallow).

Quercus Robur—Oak.Rumex—Dock.CratcBgus Oxyacantha—Wh itethorn.

Trifolium repens—Dutch Clover.

„ pratense—Purple Clover.

Al=o on laurel. Doubleday.Also on various trees and plants.


Taeniocampa incerta (instabilis).

Salix Caprea— (Sallow).

„ «/i^rt—White Willow.Quercus Robiir—Oak.Rimiex—Dock.Prunits spinosa—Blackthorn.

Also on various trees and plants.

Taeniocampa opima.Salix Caprea—(Sallow )Rosa spinosissima—Burnet Rose.Ammophila arundinacea—Marram.Senecio Jacohcra—Ragwort.Cynoglossmn officinale—Hound's-tongue.

Taeniocampa populeti.Populus tremula—Aspen.Populus—Poplar,

Taeniocampa stabilis.

Quercus Rohur—Oitk.Ubnus campesiris—Elm.

Taeniocampa gracilis.


„ alba—White Willow.Spircea Ulmaria—Meadow-sweet.

Taeniocampa miniosa.Quercus Robur—Oak.Cratcrgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.

Taeniocampa munda.Populus tremula—Aspen.Quercus Robur—Oak.Ubnus campesiris—Elm.Pruniis—Plum.

Taeniocampa pulverulenta (cruda).Quercus Robur—Oak.

Orthosia suspecta.(Food-plant at present unknown, probabl}' on low plants.)

Orthosia upsilon.Salix alba—White Willow.

„ fragilis—Crack Willow.Populus—Poplar.

Orthosia lota.


Salixfragilis—Crack Willow.



Orthosia macilenta.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Anchocelis rufina.

Qiiercus Robur—Oak.

Anchocelis pistacina.Ranunculus bulbosus—Bulbous Buttercup.

Rumex—Dock.Also on other Rantincuh.

Anchocelis lunosa.Holciis lanatus—Meadow soft-grass (?).


Anchocelis litura.

Spinra L'bnaria—Meadow-sweet.Salix rt//;rt—White Willow.

Rubusfruiicosus—Bramble.

Cerastis (glsea) vaccinii.

Ulmus campestris—Elm.Ouercus Robur—Oak.Salix Caprea—(Sallow.)

Also on low plants.

Cerastis (glaea) spadicea.Primus spinosa—Blackthorn.

CratiTgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Lonicera Peridymeniim—Honeysuckle.Also on various low plants when about half-grown.

Cerastis (glaea) erythrocephala.Polygonum aviculare— Knot-grass (?).


Scopelosoma satellitia.

Ulmus campestris—Elm.Quercus Robur—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Dasycampa rubiginea.

Pyrus Malus—Apple.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Ouercus Robur—Oak.Primus—?\\\m. In confinement.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Also on low plants.

Oporina croceago.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Xanthia citrago.

Tilia vulgaris-^Lime.

42 LAJiVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Xanthia fulvago (cerago).Salix Capvea—(Sallow.) In the catkins.

„ cinera—(Sallow.)

Afterwards on low plants.

Xanthia flavago (silago).


„ cinei-ea—(Sallow).Also on various low plants.

Xanthia aurago.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Spinra Filipcndula—-Dropwort.

Xanthia gilvago.Uhittis mojitana—Wych Elm.

„ campestris—Elm.

Xanthia circellaris (ferruginea).Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.L'linus montana—Wych Elm.Salix Caprea—(Sallow). On the buds.

Fopulus tremula—Aspen. On the buds.

Cirrhaedia xerampelina.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.

Tethea subtusa.Fopulus—Poplar.

Tethea retusa.Populw:—Poplar.


Cosmia (Euperia) palacea (fulvago).Ouercus Rohm—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Dicycla oo.Ouercus Rohur—Oak.

Calymnia trapezina.Quercus Robur—Oak.Carpinus Betulus—-Hornbeam.Betula alba—Birch.

Calymnia pyralina.Ryrus cotnniunis—Pear.

Frunus—Plum.

Calymnia diffinis.

Ulmus catnpeslris—Elm.

Calymnia affinis.

Ulmus campestris—Elm.


Eremobia (Ilarus) ochroleuca.Aira prcvcox—Early Hair Grass (?).

Verbascum Thapsus—Mullein.

Dactylis glomerata—Cock's-foot Grass. In confinement, onthe seed?.

Also on other grasses in dry places.

Dianthoecia luteago (v. barretti).

(Food-plant at present unknown.)

Dianthoecia caesia.

Silene Cuathalns—White Campion. On the seeds.

„ tnaritima—Sea Campion. On the seeds.

Dianthoecia nana (conspersa).Silem Cucuhalus—White Campion. On the seeds.

,, mnritima—Sea Campion. On the seeds.

„ nutans—Nottingham Catchfly. On the seeds.

Lychnis alha—Evening Campion. On the seeds.

„ diurna—Red Campion. On the seeds.

„ Flos-cuculi—Ragged Robin. On the seeds.

Dianthcecia albimacula.Silene nutans—Nottingham Catchfly. On the seeds.

„ Cucuhalus— White Campion. In confinement, onthe seeds.

„ marititna—Sea Campion. In confinement, on theseeds.

Lychnis diurna—Red Campion. In confinement, on the

seeds.

Dianthcecia compta.(Doubtful British species )

Dianthcecia capsincola.Silene Cucuhalus—White Campion. On the seeds.

,, tnaritima—Sea Campion. On the seeds.



Dianthcecia cucubali.Siletie Cucuhalus—White Campion. On the seeds.



Dianthoecia carpophaga.Silene Cucuhalus—^White Campion. On the seeds.

Lychnis alba—Evening Campion. On the seeds.

Dianthcecia capsophila.Silene Cucuhalus—White Campion. In confinement, on the

seeds,.


44 lAJ^VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Dianthcecia irregularis.

Silene Otites—Spanish Catchfly. On the flowers and seeds.

„ Cucubalns—White Campion. In confinement.

Echium vulgare—Viper's Bugloss.

Hecatera chrysozona (dysodea).Lactuca vivosa—Sleepwort. On the flowers and seeds.

Also on other Lactucoe.

Hecatera serena.Lactuca virosa—Sleepwort.

Sonclnis oleraceiis—Sow-thistle.

„ arvensis—Corn Sow-thistle.

Hieracimn Pilosella—^Mouse-ear Hawk-weed.Also on other Hieracia.

In confinement on lettuce.

Polia chi.

Lactuca virosa—Sleepwort (?).

Sonchus oleraceus—Sow-thistle.

„ arvensis—Corn Sow-thistle.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Rumex crispus—Curled Dock. In confinement.

Salix Caprea—Sallow.

„ cinerea—Sallow. In confinement.

„ viminilis—^Osier. In confinement.

Polia flavicincta.

Rumex—Dock.Plantago—Plantain.

Digitalis purpurea—Foxglove.Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel.

Lonicera Periclynienuni—Honeysuckle.Hedera Helix—Ivy.

Stellaria media—Chickweed.Lathyrus (^Orohus') sylvestris—Everlasting Pea.

Polia xanthomista.Armeria maritima—Thrift.

Campanula rotundifolia—Harebell.

Silene ^«///ca—English Catchfly.

„ acaulis—Moss Campion.

„ nutans—Nottingham Catchfly.

,, Cucubalns—White Campion.,. tnnritima—Sea Campion.

Plantago maritima—Sea Plantain. In confinement.


,, tricolor—Heartsease.

„ odoraia—Sweet Violet.

LARVM AND FOOD-PLANTS. 45

Dasypolia templi.Heracleum 6/>/w«^'//«w—Cow-parsnep.

Epunda lichenea.Senecio Jacohcra—Ragwort.Also on Sedum.

Epunda lutulenta.Lithospermum arvense—Corn Gromwell ; Bastard Alkaret.Scabiosa arvensis—Field Scabious.

Calbma Erica—Ling; Heather.

Mentha—Mint.Pou annua—Annual Meadow-grass. In confinement.Potentilla Fragariastrum—Strawberry-leaved Cinquefoil. In

confinement.

Epunda nigra.Runiex—Dock.A rmeria maritima—Thrift,

Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.Stellaria media—Chickweed.

Cleoceris viminalis.Salix cinerea—(Sallow.)

„ «/^«—White Willow (?).

Miselia oxyacanthae.Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Piunus spiiwsa—Blackthorn.

Mistlia bimaculosa.Ulmus campestris—Elm,

Agriopis aprilina.

Quercus Rubur—Oak.

Valeria oleagina.Primus spinosa—Blackthorn,

Euplexia lucipara.

Digitalis purpurea—Foxglove.

Pteris aquilina—Brake ; Bracken.

Lastrcea (^Nephrodiut)i) Filix-mas—Male Fern.

Phlogophora meticulosa.Senecio vuIgaris—Groundsel.

Also on many other low plants.

Trigonophora flammea (empyrea).Ranunculus bulbosus—Bulbous Buttercup.

,,Fiearia—Pilewort.

Also on -various low plants.


Aplecta prasina (herbida).Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

Rumex—Dock.Also on other low plants.

Aplecta occulta.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.Primula acaulis—Primrose.

Polygonum aviculare— Knot-grass. In confinement.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.Salix—(Sallow.) In confinement.

Riibusfruticosus—Bramble. In confinement.Betula alba—Birch. In confinement.Ru7nex pulcher—Fiddle Dock. In confinement.

Vinca major—Greater Periwinkle. In confinement.

Plantago lancenlata—Narrow-leaved Plantain. In confine-

ment.Also on various low plants.

Aplecta nebulosa.Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Rumex—Dock.Betula alba—Birch.


On various low plants before, and on other trees after,

hybernation.

Aplecta tincta.


Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses and low plants.

Aplecta advena.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

Also on lettuce and other low plants.

Crymodes exulis.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass. On this and other

species oi Poa.

Hadena porphyrea (satura).Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle.Humulus Lupulus—Hop.

Hadena adusta.Salix Caprea—(Sallow

)


Hadena protea.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Hadena glauca.Salix Caprea—(Sallow.) In confinement on lettuce.

LARV/E AND FOOD-PLANTS. 47

Hadena dentina.Taraxacum ojficinale—Dandelion.

Hadena trifolii (chenopodii).Chenopodium Vulvaria—Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach,


„ Bonus-Henricus—Good King Henry.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grsss.

Hadena atriplicis.

Chenopodium vulvaria—Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach,

„ alliutn—White Goose-foot.

„ Bonus-Hem-icus—Good King Henry.A triplex patula—Orach.

„ laciniata—Sea Orach.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. Also on other Polygona.

Rianex—Dock.Also on various low plants.

Hadena dissimilis (suasa).Polygonum aviculare—K n ot-gras3

Plantago major—Greater Plantain. In confinement.Also on other low plants.

Hadena oleracea.Rumex—Dock.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.


Hadena pisi.

Cytisus {^Sarothamnus) scoparius—Broom.Pteris aquilina—Brake ; Bracken.Also on other plants and shrubs.

Hadena thalassina.Cytisus {Sarothainnus') scoparius—Broom.Lo7iicera Periclytnenum—Honeysuckle.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

' Hadena peregrina.Chenopodium Vulvaria—Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach.

„ albu7n—White Goose-foot.

„ Bonus-Henricus—Good King Henry.Salsola Kali— Prickly Glass-wort.

Hadena genistae.

Stellaria media—Chickweed. In confinement.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass, Also on other Polygona.

Hadena rectilinea.

Jmpatiens Noli-tangere Do-not-touch-me.Rubus fr^ticosus—Bramble.'

48 ZA/^VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Hadena rectilinea—continued.

Vaccmium Vitis-Idcea—Cow-berry.

„ Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.


Hadena contigua.Myrica Gale—Sweet Gale.Betula alba—Birch.

Corylus Avellana—Hazel.Quercus Robur—Oak.iialix repens—Dwarf Sallow.

Xylocampa areola (lithoriza).

Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuck le.

Xylomiges conspicillaris.Primus spinosa—Blackthorn.Lotus cornicidatits—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Polygonum avkulare—Knot-grass.

Calocampa vetusta.Iris Pseudacoriis—Yellow Iris.

Riimex—YioQk.Scabiosa succisa—Devil's-bit Scabious.

„ arvensis—Field Scabious.

,, Columbaria—Small Scabious.Trifolium procumbetis—Hop Trefoil.

„ ochroleucon.

Also on various meadow plants.

Calocampa exoleta.

Cnicus arvensis—Field Thistle.

Scabiosa succisa—Devil's-bit Scabious.Ononis spinosa—Rest-harrow.Also on various meadow plants.

Calocampa solidaginis.Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.

Xylina ornithopus (rhizolitha).Quercus Robicr—Oak.

Xylina semibrunnea.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Salix rt/3«—White Willow.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Xylina socia (petrificata).

Quercus Robur—Oak.filia vulgaris—Lime.Also on other trees.


Xylina furcifera (conformis).Abuts glutinosa—Alder.

Betida alba—Birch.

Xylina lambda.Alnus glutinosa—Alder.

Myrica Gale—Sweet Gale.

Asteroscopus nubeculosa.Ouerciis Robur—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Asteroscopus sphinx (cassinea).Quercus Robur—Oak.Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Salix cinerea—(S3.\\ovi.')

„ Caprea—(Sallow.)Also on other trees.

Cucullia verbasci.Verbascum Thapsus—Mullein.

„ nigrum—Black Mullein.Scrophularia aquatica—Water Fig-wort.

„ nodosa—Knotted Fig-wort.

Cucullia scrophulariae.Verbascum Blattaria—Moth Mullein.Scrophularia aquatica—Water Fig-wort.

„ nodosa—Knotted Fig-wort.

Cucullia lychnitis.

Verbascum Lychnitis—White Mullein.

„ nigrum—Black Mullein.

Cucullia asteris.

Solidago Virgaurea—Golden-rod.Aster Tripolium—Sea Star-wort.

Also in gardens on China Asters.

Cucullia gnaphalii.Solidago Virgaurea—Golden-rod.

Cucullia absinthii.

Artemisia Absinthium—Common Wormwood.

Cucullia chamomillse.Anthemis Cotula,

„ nobilis—Chamomile.

„ arvensis—Corn Chamomile.Chrysanthemum Parthenium—Common Feverfew.Matricaria inodora— Corn Feverfew.

„ Chamomilla—Dog's Chamomile.


* CucuUia artemisiae.Artemisia Ahsinthium—Common Wormwood,

Cucullia umbratica.Laduca virosa—Sleepwort.Sonchus oUraceus—Sow-thistle.

,, arvensis—Corn Sow-thistle.

,,palustris—Marsh Sow-thistle.

Gonoptera libatrix.


„ alba—White Willow,

Habrostola tripartita (urticae).


Habrostola triplasia.

Hitmulns Lupiilus—Hop.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Plusia chryson (orichalcea).Eupiitorium cannabinum—Hemp Agrimony.

Plusia chrysitis.

Arctium minus QLappd)—Burdock.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle.


Plusia bractea.Anthriscus sylvestris—Hare's Parsley.

Eiipatorium cannabinum—Hemp Agrimony.Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel.Hieracium Pilosella—Mouse-ear Hawk-weed.Mercurialis perenn is—Dog's Mercury.Lamium purpureum—Purple Dead-nettle.


Plusia festucse.

Iris Pseudacorus—Yellow Iris.

Spargatiium simplex—Unbranched Bur-reed.Carex—Sedge.

Plusia iota.

Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle.Senecio vulgarii—Groundsel.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.


Plusia pulchrina.Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

„ urens—Small Nettle.



Plusia gamma.Huimilus Lupiilus—Hop.Also on all sorts of low plants.

Plusia interrogationis.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Plusia ni.

Polygotium aviculare—Knot-grass (?).


Anarta melanopa.Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi—Red Bear-berry.Phyllodoce {ijienziesid) taxifolia—Scottish Menzicjia.

Anarta cordigera.Vaccinium Vi/is-ldcea—Cow-berry.

„ Myrtillus—Whortleberry; Bilberry.

,, u!ig!Hos2im-—^o^ Whortleberry.

Anarta myrtilli.

Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.Salix alba—White Willow. In confinement.

Heliaca (Heliodes) tenebrata (arbuti).

Cenistium glomeratum—Mouse-ear Chickweed.,, arvense—'Field Mouse-ear Chickweed.

Heliothis dipsacea.Linaria vulgaris—Yellow Toad-flax.

Silene Otites—Spanish Catchfly.

Lychnis alba—'Evening Campion.Ononis spinosa—Rest-harrow.

Crepis virens—Smooth Hawk's-beard.Also on various low plants and other Silene,

Heliothis scutosa,Artemisia vulgaris—Mugwort.

„ campestris—'Field Wormwood.

Heliothis peltigera.

Hyoscyamiis niger—Henbane.Matricaria inodora—Corn Feverfew.Ononis spinosa—-Rest-harrow.

Lepigonum QSpergnlaria') riibriim—Purple Sandwort.Arenaria—Sandwort.

Heliothis armigera.Reseda lutea—Wild Mignonette,Also on scarlet-geranium. Ent. ix. 261.

Chariclea umbra (marginata).Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Ononis jr//«w«—Rest-harrow.


Agrophila trabealis (sulphuralis).Convolvulus rt;7v«5«—Field Bindweed.

Acontia lucuosa.Convolvulus arvensis—Field Bindweed.

* Acontia Solaris.

Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass (?).Also on other low plants.

Erastria venustula.Rumex Acetosetla—Sheep Sorrel.

Rubusfriiticosus—Bramble.Potentilla reptans—Trailing Tormentil. On the flowers.

„ Anserina—Silver-weed. On the flowers.

Erastria fasciana (fuscula).

Rubus Idceus—Raspberry.

„ fruticosm—Bramble.Molinia ccerulea—Purple Melic-grass.

Bankia argentula.Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.

,, pratensis.

Glyceria aquatica.


Hydrelia uncula (unca).Carex—Sedge.Carex sylvatica. In confinement.

Thalpochares (Micra) ostrina.

Carduus—Thistle (?).

Cnicus—Thistle (?).

Thalpochares (Micra) parva.(Food-plant unknown; abroad on the seeds of Inula

?>ioHlana,^

Thalpochares (Micra) paula.(Food-plant unknown

;abroad on Gnaphalium arenariuni).

Phytometra viridaria (eenea).

Polygala vulgaris—Common Milk-wort.

Euclidia mi.Melilotns arvensis—Melilot.

Trifoliiim pratense—Purple Clover.

„ repetis—Dutch Clover.

Euclidia glyphica.Trifoliion repens—Dutch Clover.

Ophiodes lunaris.



Catephia alchymista.Querctis Robur—Oak.

Catocala fraxini.

Fraxhms excelsior—Ash.Populus—Poplar.

„ tremida—Aspen.

Catocala nupta.Pninus—Plum.Salix alba—(Sallow).

„ fragilis—Crack Willow.

Populus—Poplar.

Catocala promissa.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Catocala sponsa.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Aventia flexula.

Lichen. On thorns, cherry and yew.

Toxocampa pastinum.Vicia Cracca—Tufted Vetch.

Toxocampa craccae.

Vicia svlvatica—Wood Vetch.

Boletobia fuliginaria.

Fungi. In damp cellars, etc.

Rivula sericealis.

Brack Ypodium svlvaticum.

,, prnnatum.

Glyceria inaritima

Zanclognatha grisealis.

Chrysosplenium aliernifolium—Alternate-leaved Golden Saxi-

frage.

Zanclognatha tarsipennalis.

Rubus Idcrus—Raspbeny.

Zanclognatha emortualis.Quercus Robur—Oak. Dead leaves preferred,

Herminia cribralis.

Carex svlvatica.

Luzula v'.rnalis (pilosaj—Broad-leaved Wood-rush.Salix—Sallow.

Herminia derivalis.

Castanea sativa—Chestnut. In confinement on the deadleaves.

Quercus Robur—Oak. In confinement on the dead leaves;

also on grass.


Pechypogon barbalis.Quercus Rohiiy—Oak.Betula alha—Birch,

Madopa salicalis.


„ cinerea—(Sallow).

„ a/(5«—White Willow.

Bomolocha fontis (crassalis).Erica cinerea—Common Purple Heath.

,, Tetralix— Cross-leaved Heath.

Hypena rostralis.

Humuhis Lupiilus—Hop.

Hypena proboscidalis.Urtica dioica—Stinging Nettle.

Hypenodes albistrigalis.

(FooJ-pIant at present unknown).

Hypenodes costaestrigalis.

Thymus Serpyllicm— Thyme. In confinement.

Tholomiges (schrankia) turfosalis.

(Food-plant at present unknown).

Brephos parthenias.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Betula alba—Birch.


Brephos notha.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).Poplins tremula—Aspen.

GEOMETRY.Uropteryx sambucaria.

Primus spinosa—Blackthorn.Rubiisfrtdicosus— Bramble.Cratcvgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Hedera Helix—Ivy.

Sambucus nigra—Elder.

Lonicera Periclymcnum—Honeysuckle.Myosotis arvensis—Field Forget-me-not.Quercus Robur—Oak.Also on various herbaceous plants.

Epione paralellaria (vespertaria).Corylus Avellana— Hazel.

LARVM AND FOOD-PLANTS. 55

Epione apiciaria.

Ai'nus glutinosa—Alder.


Salix rt/^rr—White Willow.Populus—Poplar.

Epione advenaria.Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry : Bilberry.

Rumia luteolata (cratsegata).

PruHHS spinosa—Blackthorn.

Pyriis Mains—Apple.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

Venilia macularia (maculata).Lamium piirpuyemn—Purple Dead-nettle.


Also on various herbaceous plants.

Angerona prunaria.Clematis vit ilha—Traveller's Joy.

Cytistis (Sarothamnus) scoparius—Broom.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.

„ —Plum.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Metrocampa margaritaria.Ulmus campestris—Elm.Betula rt/(5rt—Birch.

Carpinus Betulus—Hornbeam. .

Quercus Robnr—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

EUopia prosapiaria (fasciaria).

Pinus sylvestris—Scotch Fir.

Eurymene dolobraria.Betula «/Az—Birch.Qiurcus Robur—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Pericallia syringaria.Samhucus nigra—Elder.

Ligustrum vulgare—Privet.

Syringa vulgaris—Lilac.

Selenia bilunaria (illunaria).

Prunus—Plum.Salix a«a—White Willow.

Selenia lunaria.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.Ulmus campestris—Elm.Ouercus Rohur—Oak.


Selenia tetralunaria (illustraria).

Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Betula alba—Birch.

Quercus Rohiir—Oak.Fagus sylvaika—Beech.

Odontopera bidentata.Quercus Rolnir—Oak.

Crocallis elinguaria.Fagus sylvaika—Beech.Lonkera Perklymenum—Honeysuckle.Crataegus Oxyacantha —Whitethorn.Pyrus J/a/«5—Apple.Primus spinosa—Blackthorn.Also on other trees.

Eugonia (Ennomos) autumnaria (alniaria).Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Quercus Robur—Oak.Alnus glutinosa—Alder.


Sambucus nigra—Elder.Pyrus Malus—Apple.A cer Pseiido-platanus—Sycamore.Cratcvgis Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement.Prunus—Plum. In confinement.Salix— (Sallow). In confinement.Also on apricot.

Eugonia (Ennomos) alniaria (tiliaria).

Quercus Robur—Oak.Betula alba— Birch.

Salix—(Sallow). In confinement.

Eugonia (Ennomos) fuscantaria.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Ligustriim vulgare—Privet.

Eugonia (Ennomos) erosaria.Quercus Robur—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Eugonia (Ennomos) quercinaria (angularia)Syringa vulgaris—Lilac.

Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Quercus Robur—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Ulinus campestris—Elm.

Himera pennaria.Quercus Robur—Oak.


Phigalia pedaria (pilosaria).

Quercus Robiir—Oak.

Nyssia zonaria.Lotus cornicidatits—Bird's-foot Trefoil.



Centaurea ni^-a—Knap-weed.Achillea Miflefolium—YTixrow ; Milfoil.

Nyssia hispidaria.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Nyssia lapponaria.Pyrus Alalus—Apple.

Biston hirtaria.

Uhnus campestris—Elm.Prunus—Plum.Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Also on fruit and other trees.

Amphidasys strataria (prodomaria).Quercus Robur—Oak.Betula alba—Birch.

Amphidasys betularia.Rolnnia Pseud-acacia—Acacia.

Populus— Poplar.

Salix «/(5a—White Willow.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.Quercus Robur—Oak.Almts glutinom—^Alder.


Ulmus campestris—Elm.Pyrus Malus—Apple.Acer Psmdo-platanus—Sycamore.Tilia vulgaris—Lime.

Hemerophila abruptaria.Rosa canina—Dog-rose (?).Ligustrum vulgare—Privet.

Also on cultivated rose.

Cleora angularia (viduaria).Lichen, On trees.

Cleora glabraria.Lichen. On firs, and oaks.

Cleora lichenaria.

L.ichen. On trees.

58 ZA/?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING

Boarmia repandata.Euonymus europesiis—Spindle.


„ —Plum.Rubus fruticosiis—Bramble.Cratcsgiis Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.Betula alba—Birch.

Boarmia gemmaria (rhomboidaria).I'niuns— Plum.Rosa canina—Dog Rose (?).

Hedera Helix—Ivy.


Quercus Robur—Oak.Also on cultivated rose.

Boarmia abietaria,

Betula alba—V>uzV.Pinus—Fir.

Syi-inga vulgaris—Lilac.

Boarmia cinctaria.


„ cinerea—Common Purple Heath.

Boarmia roboraria.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Boarmia consortaria.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Tephrosia consonaria.Pagus sylvatica—Beech.Carpinus Betulus—Hornbeam.Betula alba—Birch.


Tephrosia crepuscularia.Pinus—Fir.

Populus—Poplar.

Salix a/^fl—White Willow.Quercus Robur—Oak.A Inus glutinosa—Alder.Betula alba—Birch.

Ulnius campestris—Elm.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn

.

Tephrosia biundularia.Larix eitropica— Larch.Pinus—Fir.

LARVM AND FOOD-PLANTS.

Tephrosia biundularia—continued.

Querciis Robiir—Oak.A Inus glutinosa—Alder,

Beiula alba—^irch.Primus—Plum. In confinement.

Tephrosia luridata (extersaria).

Betiila alba—Birch.

Tephrosia punctularia.Beiula alba— Birch.

Gnophos obscuraria.Poleriuin Sangnisorba—Common Salad BurnetFragaria vesca—Wild Strawberry.

Helianthemum Chamwcistus— Rock Rose,

Dasydia obfuscaria.Vicia saliva—Common Vetch.Genista tinctoria—Dyer's Green-weed.Calluna Erica—Ling; Heather.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

Psodos coracina (trepidaria).Mosses.

* Tephrona sepiaria.

Lichen. On walls,

Pseudoterpna pruinata (cytisaria).

Genista anglica—^Needle Furze.

Cytisus {Sarothainnus) scoparius—BroomUlex europceus—Furze ; Gorse,

Geometra papilionaria.Beiula alba—Birch.

Corylus Avellana—Hazel.Fagus sylvatica.—Beech.

Geometra vernaria.Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy.

Phorodesma pustulata.Quereus Robur—Oak.

Phorodesma smaragdaria.Artemisia maritima—Sea Wormwood,

Nemoria viridata.

Ruhusfruttcosus—Bramble.Cratwgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

lodis lactearia.

Betiila alba—Bircli.

6o ZAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Hemithea strigata (thymiaria).Cratcegus Oxyacantlia—Whitethorn.

QuerciLS Robiir—Oak.

Zonosoma (Ephyra) porata.Onercus Robur—Onk.

Zonosoma (Ephyra) punctaria.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Zonosoma (Ephyra) linearia (trilinearia).

Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Zonosoma (Ephyra) annulata (omicronaria).Acer campestre—Maple.

,, Pseudo-platanus—Sycamore.

Zonosoma (Ephyra) orbicularia.



„ Capiea— (Sallow).

Zonosoma (Ephyra) pendularia.Betula rt/^,;—Birch.

Hyria muricata (auroraria).Flantago—Plantain.

Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

Asthena luteata.Alnus gliitinosa—Alder.

Acer campestre— yi^'^Xz.

Asthena candidata.Carpinus Belulus—Hornbeam.Corylus Avellana—Hazel.

Asthena sylvata.Betula alba—Birch.

Alnus gluliiwsa—Alder.


Asthena blomeri (blomeraria).Ulmus monlana—VVych Elm.

Eupisteria obliterata (heperata).Alnus glulinosa—Alder.

Venusia cambrica (cambricaria).Pyrus yJ«t7//irt;7rt—Mountain Ash.

Acidalia perochraria (ochrearia).Silene maritima—Sea Campion.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw. On the flowers. In

confinement.

,,palustre—Water Bedstraw. On the flowers. In

confinement.

LARV^ AND FOOD-PLANTS. 6i

Acidalia ochrata.Ononis spinosa—Rest-harrow.

Galium verurn—Lady's Bedstraw. On the flowers.

Solidago Virgaiirea—Golden-rod.

Tussilago Farfara—Colt's-foot. On the flowers.

Crepis virens—Smooth Hawk's-beard. On the flowers.

Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.

Festuca ovina—Sheep's Fescue Grass (?).

Acidalia rubiginata (rubricata).

Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil. In confinement.

„ bilosus—Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil. In confinementon this and various Trifolii.

Thymus Serpyllum—Thyme.Prunus—Plum.Salix—Sallow.

Acidalia dimidiata (scutulata).

Pimpinella Saxifraga—Common Burnet Saxifrage. On the

flowers.

Anthriscus sylvestris—Hare's Parsley. On the flowers.

Galium. Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. In confinement.

Acidalia bisetata.

Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion.


Riibusfruticosus—Bramble. In confinement ; on the with-

ered leaves.

Acidalia trigeminata.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

Cratccgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement.

Stellaria media—Chickweed. In confinement.

Acidalia contiguaria.Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath.

„ cinerea—Common Purple Heath.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.

Empetrum nigrum—Black Crow-berry.

Stellaria media—Chickweed.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather. In confinement.

Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement.

Acidalia rusticata.

Parietaria officinalis—Pellitory-of-the-wall.

Hedera Helix—Ivy. In confinement.Syringa vulgaris—Lilac. In confinement.

Rubusfruticosus—Bramble. In confinement, after hyberna-tion, on withered leaves.


Acidalia holosericata.rolygonum avicidare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Helianthemum Chamcecistus—Rock Rose. In confinement.

Acidalia dilutaria (osseata).Polygonum avkulare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. In confinement.Anagallis arvensis—Scarlet Pimpernel. In confinement.Also on moss.

Acidalia virgularia.

Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. In confinement.

Acidalia circellata.

Polygonum aviculare. Knot-grass. In confinement,

Acidalia ornata.Thymus Serpyllum—Thyme.Origanum vulgare—Marjoram.Mentha—Mint. In confinement.

Acidalia marginepunctata (promutata).Dianthus Armeria—Deptford Pink.

Vicia saliva—Common Vetch.Spiraea Ulmaria—Meadow-sweet.Valeriana officinalis—Great Wild Valerian.Achillea Millefolium—Yarrow ; Milfoil.

Plantago— Plantain.

Nepeta Glechoma—Ground h-y.

Acidalia straminata.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass, In confinement.Thymus Serpyllum—Thyme.Chenopodium album—White Goose-foot.

Acidalia subsericeata.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

Acidalia immutata.Stellaria media—Chickweed. In confinement.Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel. In confinement.Taraxacum officinale—Dandelion. In confinement.Crataegus Oxyacantha—'Whitethorn. In confinement, after

hybernation.Clematis Vitalha—Traveller's joy. In confinement, after

hybernation.

Lythrum Salicaria—Purple Loosestrife.


Achillea Millefolium—Yarrow; Milfoil.

Valeriana officinalis—Great Wild Valerian.Spirxa Ulmaria—Meadow-sweet;

LARV^ AND FOOD.PLANTS. 63

Acidalia immorata.CaUuna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Acidalia strigaria.

(Doubtful British species ; food-plant unknovN'n).

Acidalia remutaria.Polygonum avkulare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

Rilmex—Dock. On the withered leaves in confinement.

Acidalia famata.Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath,

,, cinerea—Common Purple Heath.

Acidalia strigilaria.

Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy.

Stachys sylvatica—Hedge Wound-wort.Polygonum aviciilare. Knot-grass. In confinement.

Taraxacnm officinale—Dandelion, In confinement.

Acidalia imitariaRumex Acetosella—Sheep Sorrel. In confinement.

Cytisus (SarothamniisJ scoparius—Broom.

Acidalia emutaria.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.

Silene mariUma—Sea Campion. In confinement.

Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil. In confinement.

,, pilosus—Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil. In confinement.Stellaria media—Chickweed, In confinement.

Acidalia aversata.Spircea Ulmaria—Meadow-sweet.Gmm urbanum—Common Avens.

„ rivale—Water Avens.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass,

Also on other plants in hedges,

Acidalia inornata.Salix alba—White Willow. On the low shoots and also on

various low plants.


Acidalia degenaria.Rubus fruticosus—Bramble. In confinement.

Stellaria media—Chickweed. In confinement.Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn. In confinement.Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle, In confinement,Potentilla. In confinement.

Acidalia emarginata.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Convolvulus arvensis—Field Bindweed.

64. ZA/?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

* Acidalia herbariata.Dried Plants.

Timandra amataria.Rumex—Dock.

„ acetosa—Sorrel.

PolygOJium aviculare—Knot-grass.

Cabera pusaria.Qiierais Robiir—Oak.Coryhis Avellana—Hazel.Alnus gliitmosa—Alder.


Cabera rotundaria.Ahms glutinosa—AXdQr (?).


Cabera exanthemaria.Salix Caprea— (Sallow).


A Inus glutinosa—Alder.

Bapta (Corycia) temerata.Priinus Avium—Wild Cherry.

„ spinosa—Blackthorn.

Bapta (Corycia) bimaculata (taminata).Prunus Avium—Wild Cherry.

Aleucis pictana.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Macaria alternata.Salix C(7/?V(Z—(Sallow).


Macaria notata.Salix Caprea—(Sallow).

,, cinerea—Sallow).

Macaria liturata.

Piiius— Fir.

Halia vauaria (wavaria).Ribes Gro<isularia—Gooseberry.

,, rubrum—Red Currant.

Halia brunneata (pinetaria).

Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Strenia clathrata.Onobrychis vicicefolia (sativa)—Saint-foin.

Trijolium repens—Dutch Clover.

Medicago sativa—Lucerne.Also on other leguminous plants.

i

LARWE AND FOOD-PLANTS. 65

Penagra petraria.

Ptevh aqiulina—Brake ; Bracken.

Numeria pulveraria.Salix Caprea—(Sallow).

„ cincrea—(Sallow).

Scodiona belgiaria.

Salix a/(5a—White Willow.Erica cinerea—Common Purple Heath.

„ TV/ra/zA;— Cross-leaved Heath.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Selidosema ericetaria (plumaria).Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.Erica cinerea—Common Purple Heath.

„ Telralix—Cross-leaved Heath.Loins corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Fidonia carbonaria.S.ilix Caprea—(Sallow).

„ cinerea—(Sallow).Betnla alba—Birch.

Fidonia limbaria (conspicuata)Cytisus ( Sarothammii) scoparius—Broom.

Ematurga atomaria.Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

„ pilosus—Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Centaurea nigra—Knapweed.Also on various plants on heaths.

Bupalus piniaria.


Minoa murinata (euphorbiata).Euphorbia Cyparissias—Cypress Spurge.

,, Paralias—Sea Spurge.

„ Peplus—Petty Spurge.

Scoria lineata (dealbata).Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass.Also on various grasses.

Aplasia ononaria.Ononis spinosa—Rest-harrow.

Sterrha sacraria.Anthemis Cotula.

„ nobilis—Chamomile.„ arvensis—Corn Chamomile.

Polygonum aviculare—Knot-grass. In confinement.Rumex—Dock.

F


Lythria purpuraria.Polygoniuu avinilare—Knot-grass.

Aspilates strigillaria.

Cytisus (Sarothammis) scopavius—Broom.Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Aspilates ochrearia (citraria).

Lotus cornicidafus—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

„ pilosits—Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil.

Daucus Carota—Wild Carrot.

Silene Otiles—Spanish Catchfly.

Aspilates gilvaria.

Achillea Millefolium—Yarrow ; Milfoil.

Thymus Serpyllurn—Thyme.Polentilla reptans—Trailing Tormentil.

Medicago liipulina~-'?>\2.(i\i Medick.Veronica serpyllifolia—Thyme-lea^•ed Speedwell. In confine-

ment.

Abraxas (Zerene) grossulariata.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Rihes Grossularia— Gooseberry.

,, sanguinem—Flowering Currant.

,, rubrum—Red Currant.Cotyledon Umhilicus—Wall Pennywort.Sedum Tehphium— Orpi ne.

Abraxas (Zerene) sylvata (ulmata).Ulinus montana—Wych Elm.

„ catnpestris—Elm.

Ligdia adustata.Euonymus europceus—Spindle.

Lomaspilis marginata.Salix cinerea—(Sallow.)


Pachycnemia hippocastanaria.Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath.


Hybernia rupicapraria.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.Cratcrgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Quercus Robiir—Oak.

Hybernia leucophaearia.Acer Pseudo-platanus—Sycamore.Quercus Robur—Oak.


Hybernia aurantiaria.Cratcvgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Betula alba—Birch.

Carpinics Betulus—Hornbeam.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Hybernia marginaria (progemmaria).Betula alba—Birch.

Carpinus Betulus—Hornbeam.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Hybernia defoliaria.

Pninus spinosa-—-Blackthorn.

CraliTgus Oxyacantha—\Vhitethorn.

Ulmus campestris—Elm.Carpinus Betulus—Hornbeam.Corylus Avellana—Hazel.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Anisopteryx aescularia.

Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.Cratcsgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Ulmus campestris—Elm.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Cheimatobia brumata.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.Pyrus communis—Pear.

„ i^/«/M—Apple.Cratcrgus Oxyacantha—AVhitethorn

,


Carpinus Betulus—Hornbeam.Corylus Avellana—^Hazel.

Qtiercus Robur—Oak.Also on many other trees.

Cheimatobia boreata.Betula alba— llirch..

Oporabia dilutata.

Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.Cratcvgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Carpinus Betulus—Hornbeam.Quercus Robur—Oak.Also on many other trees.

Oporabia filigrammaria.Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Calluna Erica—Ling; Heather.

F 2


Oporabia filigrammaria—continued.

Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath.„ cinerea—Common Purple Heath.



Oporabia autumnaria.Betilla rt//w—Birch.

Larentia didymata.Anemone neniorosa—Wood Anemone.Chcrrophylliiin temulnin— Roug^h Chervil.Ant/inscus svlvesfris—Hare's Parsley.

Vacciniu/n Alyrlillus—Whortleberry ; Bilbeny.

Larentia multistrigaria.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Asperula odorata—Sweet Woodruff. In confinement.Also on other Galia.

Larentia caesiata.

Vaccininm Vitis-Idcea—Cow-berry.

„ Myrtillus—Whortleberry; Bilberry. In confine-

ment.Salix alha—White Willow. In confinement.Calluna Erica—Ling

; Heather.Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath.


Larentia flavicinctata.

Saxifraga granulata—White Meadow Saxifrage.

,, hypnoides—^Mossy Saxifrage.

„ aizoides—Yellow Mountain Saxifrage,

Calluna Erica—Ling ; Heather.

Larentia salicata.

Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.Asperula odorata—Sweet Woodruff. In confinement.Also on other Galia.

Larentia olivata.

Galiian Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Larentia viridaria (pectinitaria).

Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

„ sexatile—Heath Bedstraw.

Emmelesia aflfinitata (rivulata).

Lychnis alba—Evening Campion. On the seeds.


„ Flos-citculi—Ragged Robin. On the seeds.


Emmelesia alchemillata.Galeopsis Ladammi—Red Hemp Nettle. On the seeds.

,, Tetvahit—Hemp Nettle. On the seeds.

Emmelesia albulata.Rhinanthus Crista-galli—Yellow Rattle. On the seeds.

Emmelesia decolorata.Lychnis ditirna—Red Campion. On the seeds.

Emmelesia taeniata.


Emmelesia unifasciata.Barlsia Odontites—Red Bartsia.

Emmelesia minorata (ericetata).


Emmelesia adaequata (blandiata).Euphrasia officinalis—Eye-bright.

Eupithecia venosata.Silene Cucuhalus—White Campion. On the seeds.

„ maritijna—Sea Campion. On the seeds.

,,gallica—English Catchfly. On the seeds.

„ acaulis—Moss Campion. On the seeds.

„ nutans—Nottingham Catchfly. On the seeds.

Lychnis diurna—Red Campion. On the seeds.

Eupithecia consignata.Pyrus communis—Pear.

„ Mains—Apple.

Eupithecia linariata.

Linaria vulgaris—Yellow Toad-flax. On the flowers andseeds.

Eupithecia oblongata (centaureata),Pimpinella Saxifraga—Common Burnet Saxifrage. On the

flowers.

„ major—Great Burnet Saxifrage. On the flowers.

Silaus pratensis—Meadow Saxifrage. On the flowers.

Scabiosa Columbaria—Small Scabious. On the flowers.

Eupatorium cannabinum—Hemp Agrimony. On the flowers.

Solidago Virgaiirea—Golden-rod.Achillea Millefolium—Yarrow

; Milfoil.

Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel. On the flowers.

„ erucifolius—Hoary Ragwort. On the flowers.

„ Jacobcea—Ragwort. On the flowers.

Centaurea nigra—Knap-weed. On the flowers.

Campanula glomerata—Clustered Bell-flower. On theflowers.


Eupithecia pulchellata.Dic^nta/is purpurea—P'oxglove. On the flowers.

Eupithecia succentauriata.Achillea millefoliiun—Yarrow ; Milfoil.

Artemisia Absinthium—Common Wormwood. On ihe flowers.

„ vulgaris—Mugwort.Senecio J^flcO(5a?a— Ragwort. On the flowers.

Anthemis nobilis—Chamomile.

Eupithecia subfulvata.A(hilh-a Millefolium—Ym-vow ; Milfoil.

Eupithecia scabiosata (subumbrata).Daucus Carota—Wild Carrot.


Scahiosa arvensis—Field Scabious. On the flowers.


Lcontodon hispidus—Rough Hawk-bit. On the flowers.

Gentiana Atnazella—Autumnal Gentian. On the flowers.

„ campestris—Field Gentian. On the flowers.

Origanum vulgare—Marjoram. On the flowers.

Prunella vulgaris—Self-heal. On the flowers.

Eupithecia pernotata.Soluiago Virgaurea—Golden-rod.

Eupithecia plumbeolata.Melampyruin pratcnse—Cow-wheat. On the flowers.

Eupithecia isogrammaria (haworthiata).Clematis Vitalha—Traveller's Joy. In the flower-buds.

Eupithecia pygmaeata (palustraria).

Cerastutm arvense— Field Mouse-ear Chickweed.Stellaria Llolostea—Greater Stitchwort. On the flowers.

Eupithecia helveticaria.

Juniperus communis—Juniper.

Eupithecia helveticaria v. (.'") arceuthata.Juniperus communis—Juniper.

Eupithecia egenaria.(Food-plant unknown ; abroad on Tunica saxifraga'),

Eupithecia satyrata.ILypericum perforatum—Perforated St. John's Wort. On the

flowers.

Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.Scabiosata succisa—Devil's-bit Scabious. On the flowers.

,, arvensis—Field Scabious. On the flowers.


Leontodon hispidus—Rough Hawk-bit. On the flowers.

LARV.-E AND FOOD-PLANTS. 71

Eupithecia satyrata—continued.

Gentiana Amarella—Autumnal Gentian. On the flowers.

„ campestris—Field Gentian. On the flowers.

Origanum vulgare—Marjoram. On the flowers.

Prunella vulgaris—Self-heal. On the flowers.

Eupithecia castigata.Silene cucubalus—White Campion. On the seeds. P0I3'-

pha^ous.Senecio Jacolwa—Ragwort (?).

Feeds on nearly every tree, shrub and plant.

Eupithecia jassioneata.Jasione montana—Sheep's Scabious.

Eupithecia trisignaria.

Angelica sylvestris—Wild Angelica. On the flowers.

Eupithecia virgaureata.Pimpinella Saxifraga—Common Burnet Saxifrage. On the

flowers.

„ major—Great Burnet Saxifrage. On the flowers.

Solidago Virgaurea—Golden-rod.

Senecio Jacobcea—Ragwort. On the flowers.

„ palustris—Marsh Flea-wort. In confinement.

Eupithecia fraxinata.

Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.

Eupithecia extensaria.Artemisia Absinthium—Common Wormwood. On the

flowers.

Eupithecia pimpinellata.Pimpinella Saxifraga—^Common Burnet Saxifrage. On the

flowers.

Eupithecia valerianata (viminata).Valeriana officinalis—Great Wild Valerian. On the flowers.

Eupithecia pusillata.

Juniperus communis— Juniper.

Eupithecia irriguata.

Quercus Robur—Oak.Fagus sylvatica—Beech.

Eupithecia campanulata (denotata).Campanula Trachelium—Canterbury Bells. On the seeds.

Also on most Campanulas.

Eupithecia innotata.Artemisia Absinthium—Common Wormwood. On the

flowers.


Eupithecia indigata.Juniperns communis—Juniper.Pinus-Wxx.Also on Cypress.

Eupithecia constrictata.Thymus Serpyllmn—Tliyme. On the flowers.

Eupithecia nanataCalluna Erica— Ling ; Heather.Erica Tetralix—Cross-leaved Heath.


Eupithecia subnotata.Chenopodiiim F«&ar;a— Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach. On

the flowers and seeds.

„ album—White Goose-foot. On the flowers

and seeds.

,, Bonui-Henrkus—Good King Henry. On the

flowers and seeds.

Beta maritima—Beet.

A triplex patula—'Orach.

„ laciniata—Sea Orach.

Eupithecia vulgata.Crataegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Solidago \ 'irgaurea—Golden-rod.Senecio Jacobcea—Ragwort (?).

Salix rt/^rt—White Willow.

Eupithecia albipunctata.Angelica sylvestris—Wild Angelica. On the flowers.

Heracleum Spliondylium—Cow-parsnep. On the flowers.

Eupithecia expallidata.

Solidago Virgaurea—Golden-rod.Senecio Jacobcea—Ragwort. On the flowers.

Eupithecia absinthiata.Eupatorium cannabinum—Yie.m'p Agrimony. On the flow-

ers.


Achillea Millefolium—Yarrow ; Milfoil.

Tanacetum vulgare—Tansy.Artemisia Absinthium—Common Wormwood. On the flow-

ers.

„ vulgaris—Mugwort. On the flowers.

Senecio vulgaris—Groundsel. On the flowers.

„ erucifolius—Hoary Ragwort. On the flowers.

„ Jacobcea—Ragwort. On the flowers.


Eupithecia minutata.Scabiosa succisa—Devil's-bit Scabious. On the flowers.

Calluna Erica-—Ling ;Heather.


„ cinerea—Commor\ Purple Heath.

Eupithecia assimilata.Rihes nigrum— VA-xcV Currant.

Humitlus Lupulus—Hop.

Eupithecia tenuiata.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).

,, G^/rm—(Sallow).

Eupithecia subciliata.

Acer campestre—Maple. On the flowers

.

Eupithecia lariciata.

Pinus abies—Spruce Fir.

Larix Eiiropoca—Larch.

Eupithecia abbreviata,Querciis Robiir—Oak.

Eupithecia dodoneata.CratcEgus Oxyacantha

—Whitethorn.Querciis Robur—Oak.

Eupithecia exiguata.Berberis vulgaris—Barbary.Cratcvgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn

.

Ribes nigrum—Black Currant.

Fraxinus excelsior—S.%h.


Salix cinerea—(Sallow.)

,, Caprea—(Sallow.)

Eupithecia ultimaria.Tamarix gallica—Tamarisk.

Eupithecia sobrinata.

Juniperus communis—Juniper.

Eupithecia togata.Pinus abies—Spruce Fir. In the cones.

Eupithecia pumilata.Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy. On the flowers.

Anthriscus sylvestris—Hare's Parsley. On the flowers.

Convolvulus arvensis—Field Bindweed.

Eupithecia coronata.Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy. On the flowers.

Angelica sylvestris—Wild Angelica. On the flowers.

Eupatorium cannabinum —Htm^ Agrimony. On the flowers.



Eupithecia rectangulata.Pyrus communis— ]?<fA.x. In the buds.

„ Malus—^Apple. In the buds.

Eupithecia debiliata.

Vacciniiun Myrtilhts—Whortleberry;Bilberry.

Collix sparsata.Lysiniachia vulgaris—Loosestrife.

Lobophora sexalisata (sexalata).Salix «^rt—White Willow.


Lobophora halterata (hexapterata).Salix cinerea—(Sallow).


Popuhis tremula—Aspen.

Lobophora viretata.

Pyrus Aucuparia—Mountain Ash.Ligustrum vulgare— Pri\et.

Ilex Aquifolium—Holly.

Viburnum Opiilus—Guelder Rose.Rhamiius frangula—Alder Buckthorn.Acer Pseudo-plataniis—Sycamore.Hedera Helix—Ivy.

Lobophora carpinata (lobulata).Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle.Salix Caprea—(Sallow.)

Lobophora polycommata.Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle.Fraximis excelsior—Ash.

Thera juniperata.Juniperus communis—Juniper.

Thera simulata.Juniperus com munis—J uniper.

Thera variata.


Thera firmata.Pmns~\'\x.

Hypsipetes ruberata.S^ilix a/3«—White Willow.



Hypsipetes trifasciata (impluviata).Alnus ghitinosa—Alder.

LARV/E AND FOOD-PLANTS.

Hypsipetes sordidata (elutata).

Vaccinium MyrtiUns—^Vhortleberry;Bilberry.

Calluna Erica—Ling; Heather.Alnus glutinosa—Alder.


,. Caprea—(Sallow).

Melanthia bicolorata (rubiginata).Pruniis spinosa—Blackthorn.Alnus glutinosa—Alder.

Melanthia ocellata.

Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.

Melanthia albicillata.

Rubus fruticosus—Bramble.

„ Idcrus—Raspberry.Fragaria vesca—Wild Strawberr}'.

Melanippe hastata.Myrica Gale—Sweet Gale.

Betula a//y«—Birch.

Melanippe tristata.

Galium Mollngo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Melanippe procellata.Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy.

Melanippe unangulata.Stellaria media—C h ickweed.

Melanippe rivata.


Melanippe sociata (subtristata).Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Melanippe montanata.Primula acaulis—Primrose.

Melanippe galiata.


,, Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Melanippe fluctuata.Brasiica Napiis—Rape.Tropcrolum majus.

Also on varieties of cabbage, and other garden plants.

Anticlea cucuUata (sinuata).Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.

Anticlea rubidata.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.

3—Hedge Bedstraw.


Anticlea badiata.Rosa spinosissima—Burnet-rose.

,, canina—Dog Rose.

Anticlea nigrofasciaria (derivata).Rusa canina—Dog Rose.Lonicera Periclymenum—Honeysuckle.

Anticlea berberata.Berberis vulgaris—Barberry,

Coremia munitata.Sinccio vulgaris—Groundsel.

Coremia designata (propugnata).Brassica A'i^/tt^— Rape.Also on cabbage.

Coremia ferrugata.Stellaria media—Chickweed.Nepeta Glechoma—Ground Ivy.

Coremia unidentaria.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstravv.

Asperula odorata—Sweet Woodruff.

Coremia quadrifasciaria.CraUrgus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Lamium album—White Dead-nettle.


Camptogramma bilineata.

Poa annua—Annual Meadow-grass.Also on other grasses.

Camptogramma fluviata.

Senecio I'/^/^a//^— Groundsel.Polygonum Persicaria—Common Persicaria.

Phibalapteryx tersata.

Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy.

Phibalapteryx lapidata.(Evergreen oak—abroad.)

Phibalapteryx vittata (lignata).

Galium verum— Lady's Bedstraw.

„ Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

„ palustre—Water Bedstraw.

„ saxatile—Heath Bedstraw. In confinement.

Phibalapteryx polygrammata.Galium verum—Lady's Bedstraw.

Also on other Galia,

LARVyE AND FOOD-PLANTS. 77

Phibalapteryx vitalbata.Clematis Vitalba—Traveller's Joy.

Triphosa dubitata.Rhainnus ca///ar//i:«s-—Buckthorn.

Eucosmia certata.

Berberis vulgaris—Barberry.

Eucosmia undulata.Vuccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberry.

Salix cincvea—(Sallow),

„ Caprea (Sallow).

Scotosia vetulata.Rhamnus caiharticus—Buckthorn.

Scotosia rhamnata.Rhamtius caiharticus—Buckthorn

.

Cidaria siterata (psittacata).Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Rosa caiiina—Dog Rose.Pyrus Malus—Apple.Fraxinus excelsior—Ash.Quercus Robur—Oak.

Cidaria miata.Betula alba—Birch.

Abius glutinosa—Alder.


Cidaria picata.Stellaria media—Chickweed. In confinement.Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Cidaria corylata.Tilia vulgaris—Lime.Prunus spinosa—Blackthorn.

Cidaria sagittata.

Thalictrum Jlavum—Yellow Meadow Rue.In confinement on Thalictrum glaucuin and T. aguilegt/o-

lium.

Cidaria truncata (russata).Fragaria vesca—Wild Strawberry.Cratcegus Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Betula alba—Birch.



Cidaria immanata.Fragaria vesca—Wild Strawberry.Vaccinium Myrtillus—Whortleberry ; Bilberr)'.

78 ZAI?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Cidaria suffumata.Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Cidaria reticulata.

Impatiens Noli-tangere.—Do-not-touch-me.

Cidaria silaceata.

Epilobiuni hirsutum—Great Hairy Willow-herb.Circcea lidetiana—Enchanter's Nightshade.Populus tremu/a—Aspen.Also on other Epilohin.

Cidaria prunata.Ribes Grossularia—Gooseberry.

,, ruhruni—Red Currant.

„ tiignim—Black Currant.

Cidaria testata.



„ Capvea—(Sallow).Populus tremida—Aspen.

Cidaria populata.Vaccinmm Myrtillus—Whortleberiy

; Bilberry,

„ Vitis-Idcta— Cow-berry.Salix cinerea—(Sallow).


„ alha—White Willow. In confinement.

Cidaria fulvata.

Rosa spinoussima—Burnet Rose.

„ cnnina—Dog Rose.

Cidaria dotata (pyraliata).Cratcegiis Oxyacantha—Whitethorn.Galium Mollugo—Hedge Bedstraw.

Cidaria associata (dotata).Ribes rulirum—Red Currant.

„ nigrum—Black Currant.

Pelurga comitata.Chenopodium Vulvaria—Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach,


„ Bonus-Henricus—Good King Henry.

Eubolia cervinata.Malva sylvestris—Mallow.

Eubolia limitata (mensuraria),Poa pratensis.


lARV^ AND FOOD-PLANTS. 79

Eubolia plumbaria (palumbaria).Genista anglica—Needle Furze.

Cytisus {Sarothainnus] scoparhis—SS\ooxn.


Erica Teiralix—Cross-leaved Heath.


Eubolia bipunctaria.Lotus corniculatus—Bird's-foot Trefoil.

* Eubolia moeniata.Cytisus (Sarothamnus) scoparius—Broom.

Mesotype virgata (lineolata).


,, sexatile—Heath Bedstraw. In confinement.

Carsia paludata (imbutata).Vaccininm Oxycoccos—Cranberry.

,,Vitis-Ldcca—Cow-berry.

Anaitis plagiata.LLypericum perforatum—Perforated St. John's Wort.

Lithostege griseata (nivearia).Sisymbrium officinale—Common Hedge Mustard.Erisymum cheiranthoides—Worm-seed Treacle Mustard.

Chesias spartiata.

Cytisus {Sarothamnus') scoparius—Broom.

Chesias rufata (obliquaria).

Cytisus {Sarothamnus) scoparius—Broom.

Tanagra atrata (chaerophyllata).Conopodium {^Bunium) denudaium—Common Pig-nut. On

the blossoms.

Chcerophyllum temulum—Rough Chervil.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV.i\

Clematis Vitalba : Traveller's Jov.—47.Lithosia luruieola (coinplanula) .—\iv\izV\.

A ngirona prunaria.Giometra vernaria.—Newm., Sta.

A cidalia strigilaria (strigilata)

.

—Ent. xiv. 215.

„ inimutata.—In confinement, after hyBernatioc.Eiipithecia isograininaria (Jiaworthiata).—In the buds.

„ pumilata.—On the flowers. Newm., Sta.

„ coronata.—On the flowers. Newm., Sta.

Melanippe procellata.—Newm.Phihalapteryx tersata.—Newm., Sta.

,,vitalbata.—Newm., Sta.

Thalictrum flavum : Yellow Meadow Rue.—65.Cidaria sanittata.—Newm., Ent. Mag. iii. no ; xii. 1 1 3.

Anemone nemorosa : Wood Anemone.— 10;.Larentia didymata.

Ranunculus acris : Meadow Crowfoot.—in.Tryphcfiia orhona (suhsequa).—Ent. Mag. i.x. 57.

Ranunculus repens : Creeping Crowfoot.— hi.Tryphivna orhjna (stihseqiia)

.

—Ent. Mag. ix. 57.

Ranunculus bulbosus : Bulbous Buttercup.—97.Anchocelis pistacina.—Also on other Ranunadi. Newm.Trigonophora flammea (empyrea).—Ent. xvi.i. 162.

Ranunculus Ficaria : Pile-wort.— 105.

Trigjiwphoya flammea (empyrea j

.

—Newm, Sta.

Helleborus fcetidus:

—

Stinking Hellebore.— 13.

Sesia i:hneumoniformis

.

—In the stems. Newm.

Berberis vulgaris : Barbary.—77.

Eiipithecia exigiiata.—Newm.Anticlea berherata.—Newm., Sta.

Eucosmia certata.—Newm., Sta.

Papaver Rhceas : Red Poppy.— 102.

Agrolis aqiiilina,—Newm.


Nasturtium officinale : Water-cress.— 109.

Pieris rapce.— Buckl., Ent., xxii. 18.

,, napi.—Newm., Buckl.

Eiichlo'e cardafnines.—Buckl., Ent. xxii. 18.

Barbarea vulgaris : Winter Cress.—95.Pieris napi.—Buckl.

Euchlo'e cardamines.—On the seeds. Newm.

Barbarea praecox : Early Winter Cress.Pieris napi.—Ent. xiii. 207.

Arabis perfoliata : Rock Cress.—38.

Eitchloe cardamines.—Newm., Buckl.

Cardamine pratensis : Cuckoo-flower.— in.Pieris napi.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 20., Buckl.

Euchlo'e cardamines.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 20., Buckl.

Cardamine impatiens : Narrow-leaved Bitter-cress.—26.

Euchlo'e cardamines.—St a

.

Hesperis matronalis : Dame's Violet.Euchlo'e cardamines.—Buckl., Newm.

Sisymbrium officinale: Common Hedge Mustard.— 107.

Euchlo'e cardamines.—Buckl.

Pieris rapce.—Buckl.

Sisymbrium Sophia : Flixweed.— 64.

Lithostege griseata (niveatiaj

.

—Newm.

Sisymbrium Alliaria : Jack-by-the-hedge.— 94.

Pieris tiapi.-—Newm.Euchlo'e cardamines.—Buckl., Newm.

Erysimum cheiranthoides: Worm-seed Treacle-mustard.—37.

Lithostege griseata (nivearia).—Newm.

Brassica Napus : Rape.Pieris brassiccs.

„ rapes.

„ napi.—Sta.

Agrotis exclamationis.—Newm., Sta.

Melanippe fluctuata.—Newm., Sta.

Coremia designata (propiignata)

.

—Newm., Sta.

Brassica Sinapis : Cherlock ; Wild Mustard.—hi.Pieris rapce.—Buckl.

Euchlo'e cardamines.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 20., Buckl.

Agrotis segetum.—Newm.

_FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV.^. 83

Cakile maritima : Sea Rocket.— 59.

Pisrn napi.—Buckl.

Reseda Luteola : Dyer's Rocket.—94.

Pieris daplidjce.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Reseda lutea : Wild Mignonette.—53.

Pieris daplidice.—Xewm., Sta.

,, rapcE.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 20.

Heliothis armigera.—Sta.

Helianthemum Chamaecistus : Rock Rose.— 8S.

Lyccsna astrarche (agestis).—Buckl.

„ ,, V. artaxerxes.—Buckl., Newm., Ent. Mag.V. 176.

Ino geryon.—Newm., Buckl.Agrotis ashiuorthii.—Newm., Ent. xxiii. 6.

Gnophos obscuraria (obscurata).—Newm., Sta.

Acidalia holosericata.—Ent. Mag. v. 96. In confinement.

Viola odorata : Sweet Violet.— 79.

A rgynnis paphia.—Xewm.,, iatona (Jalhonid).—Newm.

Nemeophila plantaginis

.

—Newm.Riisitia ienebrosa.—Xewm.Polia xanthomista

.

—Xewm.

Viola canina : Dog Violet.—77.

A rgvnnis paphia.—Xêwm., Sta.

,, aglaia.—Newm., Sta.

„ adippe.—X'êwm., Sta.

,, laiona (Jat/ionia').—Xewm.,, selene.—X'êwni., Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 115.

,, eiiphrosyne.—Xewm., Sta., Ent. Mag. v. 126.* „ dia.

Nemeophila plantaginis.—Newm.Rusina tenebrosa.—Xewm.Polia xanthomista.—X ewm

.

Viola tricolor : Heartsease.— no.A rgynnis adippe.—Sta.

*,, niobe.—Xewm.„ latona {Jathonia').—X''ewm., Sta.

* „ dia.

Nemeophila plantaginis.—Newm

.

Rusina tenebrosa.—X'ewm.Polia xanthomista.—Newm.

Viola Curtisii Forster.— 17.

Agrotis cursoria.—Ent. Mag. ix. 14.


Polygala vulgaris.—Common Milk-wort.—59.

Phytoin-:tra viridaria (oenea).—Newm., Ent. Mag. x. 139.

Dianthus Armeria: Deptford Pink.—45.

Acidalia marginepiinctata (^promutata). Also on other Dianlhi.

Sta.

Silene Cucubalus : White Campion.— 102.

Neiiria reticulata {sapoiiariiv).—Newm., Sta.

Dianthoecia nana {conspersa^.—Sta., Ent xvi. 248. On the

seeds.

„ alhimacnla.—Ent. 'Mag. xi. 16. On the seeds;

in confinement.

,,ccssia.—Newm. On the seeds.

,,irregularis. In confinement.

„ capsincola.—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

,,cucubali.—Newm., Sta. On the seeds.

,,carpophaga.—Newm., Sta. On the seeds.

,,capsophila.—Newm. On the seeds ; in confine-

ment.

Calocampa exoleta.—Newm.Polia xanthomista.—Newm.Enpithecia venosata.—Newm., Sta. On the seeds.

,,casligata. On the flowers.

Silene maritima : Sea Campion.—75.

Aporophyla austrails.—Ent. xix. 283.

Neuria reticulata {saponaricr').—Newm., Sta

Dianthoecia nana {conspersa').—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

„ albimaciila.—Ent. Mag, xi. 16. In confinement

;

on the seeds.

„ capsincola.—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

,,cucuiali.—Ent. xvi. 247. On the seeds.

,,capsophila.—Newm.,Ent. Mag. xii, 138. On the

seeds.

„ c^pjw.— Ent. Mag. xii. 138. On the seeds.

Polia xanthomista.—Newm., Ent. Mag. x. 89.

Acidalia perochraria (ochrearia').

„ emutaria. In confinement.

Eupithecia venosata.—Ent. xviii. in., Sta. On the seeds.

Silene gallica : English Catchfly.— 57,

Neuria reticulata {saponaricv').—Newm., Sta.

Polia xanthomista.—Newm.Eupithecia venosata.—Ent. xviii. III., Sta. On the seeds.

Silene acaulis : Moss Campion.—21.

Zygcena exculans.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. xx. 15 1.

Noctua festiva v. conflua.—Newm.Polia xanthomista, Newm.Eupithecia venosata.—Ent. xviii. ill., Sta. On the seeds.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARVAE. 85

Silene Otites : Spanish Catchfly.— 3.

Diantluvcia irregularis.—Ent. Mag. xvii. 125, Ent. ix. 232.

Helwthis dipsacea.—Ent. Mag. xi. 257, xvii. 125. On the

floweis and seeds.

Aspilates ochrearia (citraria).

Silene nutans : Nottingham Catchfly.— 15.

Diantlicecia albimacula.—Newm., Sta.

,,conspersa.—?>\.'a..

Polia xanthomista.— Newm.Eupithecia venosatu.—Ent. xviii. III., Sta. On the seeds.

Lychnis alba : Evening Campion.— 94.

Macroglossa fuciformis.—Newm.Dianthcecia nana (conspersa').—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

„ capsincola.—Ent. xvi. 248, Newm. On the seeds.

„ cucuhali.—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

„ carpophaga.—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

Helwthis dipsacea.

Emmelesia affinitata.—Sta. On the seeds.

Lychnis diurna : Red Campion.— iii.

Macroglossa fuciformis.—Newm.Dianthcecia nana {conspersa').—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

„ albimacula.—Ent. Mag. xi. 16. In confinement.

On the seeds.

„ capsincola.—Ent. xvi. 248, Sta. On the seeds.

,. cucubali.—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

,, carpophaga.—Ent. xvi. 248. On the seeds.

Emmelesia decolorata.—Sta. On the flowers.

„ affinitata.— Sia.. On the seeds.

Eupithecia venosata.—Newm. On the seeds.

Lychnis Flos-cuculi : Ragged Robin.— iii.

Macroglossa fuciformis.—Newm.Diantha^cia fiana (conspersa').—Newm., Sta. On the seeds.

„ cucuhali. On the seeds.

Emmelesia affinitata. Sta. On the seeds.

Lychnis Githago : CoRN-COCKLE.— 97.

Trypluvna pronuha.—Ent. Mag. xvii. 135.

Cerastium glomeratum : Mouse-ear Chickweed.—no.Heliaca {Heliodes) tenebrata (arbuii). Ent. Mag. xix. 39.

Cerastium arvense : Field Mouse-ear Chickweed.—69.Heliaca {Heliodes') tenebrata (arbuti).—Newm., Sta.

Eupithecia pygmceata.—Ent. xviii. 145.

Stellaria Holostea : Greater Stitchwort.— 106.

Eupithecia pygnurata.—Ent. xviii. 143, Ent. Mag. ix. 42 ; ix.

65. On the flowers.


Stellaria media : Chickweed.— 112.

Aictia villica.—Newm.Spiloioma mendica.—Newm.Leucania lithargyria.—Sta.

,, albipunda,

Xylophasia hepatica.—Newm.Aporophyla australis.—Ent. Mag. vi. 13.

Caradrina alsines.—Newm., Sta.

„ taraxaci (hlandd).—Newm.„ quadripunctata {cuhicularis).—Sta.

Agroth aquilina.—Newm.„ prcrcox.—Newm.

Tryphctna comes (orbond).—Newm.Tryplurna pronnha.Nociua stigmatica {j-homboidea).—Newm.Mania maiira.—Sta.

Folia flavicinda (^flavodnda').—Newm., Sta.

Epunda nigra.—Sta.

Hadena genistcr.—Newm. In confinement.Melanippe unangulata.—Newm.Coremia ferrugata.—Sta.

Cidaria picata.—Newm. In confinement.Addalia cotttiguaria.—Ent. xi. 242.

,, trigeminata. In confinement.

„ immuiata. In confinement.

,, emutaria. In confinement.

„ degenaria. In confinement.

Arenaria peploides : Se.a. Sandwort. —68.Agrotis cursoria.—Ent. Mag. i.x. 14.

Arenaria (Cherleria) sedoides : Mossy Cvphel.— 8.

Zygcena exiilans.—Buckl.

Arenaria : Sandwort.Heliothis peltigera.—Newm

., S ta

.

Lepigonum (Spergularia) rubrum : Purple Sandwort.

Heliothis peltigera.—Newm., Sta.

Tamarix gallica : Tamarisk.Eicpithecia ultimaria.

Hypericum perforatum : Perforated St. John's Wort.—97-

Cloantha pohodon (^perspicillaris'). Newm., Sta.

Also on other Hyperica.

Eupitheda satyrata.—Sta. On the flowers.

Anaitis plagi'ita —Newm., Sta. Also on other Hyperica.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LAR V.-E. 87

Malva sylvestris : Mallow—96.

Vanessa carditi.—Buck).

Tryphcvna interjecia.—Newm

.

Eubolia cervinata.—Newm., Sta.

Tilia vulgaris : Lime.Smennt/iiis tilice.—Newm., Sta., Buckl,

Arctia caia (caja').—Ent. Mag. .\.\iii. 262.

*Laria L-nigrum,— Sta.

Dasychira pudibiinda.—Newm.Orgyia antiqua.

Pcecilocampa populi.—Sta.

Drepana harpagula Qsicula').—Sta.

Phalera biicephala.—Newm., Sta.

A cronyetapsi.

„ alni.—Sta.

Xanthia citrago—Newm., Sta., Eat. xii. 163.Xylitia soda (petrificata').— 'Sewm., Sta.

Asteroscopus sphinx (cassinea').—Sta.

Bislon hirtaria.—Newm.Amphidasys b(tularia.~-'^QYim.

A nisopteryx wscularia.—Newm.Cidaria siterata (^psittacata').—Sta.

,, corylata.—Sta.

Tilia cordata (parvifolia).Drepana harpagula {siculd).—Buck!.

Erodium cicutarium : Hemlock Stork's-bill.—99.Lyccrna aslrarche {jnedon').—Newm., Sta.

Impatiens Noli-tangere : Do-NOT-touch-me.— 24.

Sphinx convulvuli.—Sta.

Hadena rectilinea.—Ent. Mag. xxii. yl.

Cidaria reticulata.'

Tropaeolum majus : (Not British),Pieris brassicce.—Buckl.

„ rapce.—Buckl.Melanippe fiuctiiata.—Newm.

Tropaeolum canariense : (Not British.)Pieris rapis.—Buckl.

Ilex Aquifolium : Holly.— loi.

Lyccrna argiolus.—Buckl., Newm., Sta. On the flowers andberries.

Sphinx ligustri.—Buckl, (Albin), Ent. ix. 275.Lobophora viretata.—Ent. x. gS ; xix. 255 ; xx. 261.

Euonymus europaeus : Spindle.—71.

Boarrnia repandata.—Sta.

Ligdia adustata.—Newm., Sta.


Rhamnus catharticus : Buckthorn.— 55.

Goncpteryx rhnmni.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.Lycirna argiolus.

Lithosia lurideola {complamtla).—Buckl. "Said to feed onlichen."

Lasiocanipa quercifolia.—Ent. xiii. 185.

Tripliosa dubitata.—Newm., Sta.

Scotosia vetulata.—Newm.„ rhaniyiata.—Newm.

Rhamnus Frangula : Alder Buckthorn.— 58.

Gonopteryx rhanmi.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.Lyccrna argiolus.—Buckl., Sta.

Lithosia liirideohi {complanuld).— Buckl.Lobophora viretata.—Ent. x. 98.

Acer Pseudo-platanus : Svcamore.Zeuzera pyriiia {crsculi). In the wood.Lophopteryx cuciilla {cucitllina).—Buckl.Ptilophora plumigera.— Y.x\\.. Mag. ix. 248.Notodonla dictceoides.—Buckl.Acronycta aceris.—Newm., Sta.

Eugonia (^Ennomos) autiimnaria {aeniuria^.

Atnphidasys betidaiia.—Ent. xix. 254.Zonosoma QEphyra) annulata {oniicronarid).—Ent. x. 137.Hyhernia leucophcearia.

Lobophora viretata—Ent. x. 98.

Acer campestre : Maple. -62.Ptihphora pliimigera.— Newm., Sta., Buckl., Ent. Mag. vii.

210.

Lophopteryx camelina.—Newm.,,

cuculla (cucullina') —Newm., Sta., Buckl.Zonosoma {Ep/ivra) annulata (omicronaria).—Newm., Sta.,

Ent.x. 137.

Asthena luteata.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 109.

Eupilhecia subciliata.—Newm., Ent. Mag. ix. 16. On the

.ffisculus Hippocastanum : Horse Chestnut.Zeuzera pyrina (crsculi).—Sta.

Acronycta aceris.—Newm., Sta.

Vitis vinifera : Vine.Deilephila livornica.—Newm., Sta.

ChcErocampa celerio.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

„ elpenor.—Buckl., Sta. in confinement.*

,,nerii.

,,porcellus.—Ent. xii. 250.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV.'E. 89

Genista anglica : Needle Furze.—86.

Pseudoterpna pniinata {cxtisaria).—Xewm ,Sta., Ent. x.

74-.Eiiboha plumhana {^paliimharid).—Newm.

Genista tinctoria: Dyer's Green-weed.— 73.

Thfcla ;-;//./—Buckl.Dasydia ohfuscaria {phfuscata).—Xewm., Sta.

Cytisus (Sarothamnus) scoparius : Broom.— 109.

Theda ruhi.—Buckl., Ent. iMag. vii. 232.

Bnmbyx trifolii.—Sta.

Nodiia glareosa.—Newm.Hadena phi.—Newm., Sta.

,, thalassina.—Sta.

A ngerona prunaria.—Newm

.

Pseudoterpna pniinata (cvtisaria').—Newm., Sta.

A cidaha im itaria .—N ewm

.

Fidonia limharia (conspicuata').—Newm., Sta.

Aspilates strigillaria.—Sta.

Eiibolia plumbaria (J)alumbarid).—Newm.*

,, mceniala.—Newm., Sta.

Chesias spartiata.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 261.

,, rufata {obliqiiaria').—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 261,

Ononis spinosa : Rest-harroav.—69.Lyccrna icarus {alexis').— Newm., Buckl., Ent. Mag. iii.

'91.

Calocampa exoleta.—Newm.Heliothis umbra (tnarginatits^.—Newm., Sta.

„ peltigera.—Newm., Sta.

„ dipsacea.—Ent. Mag. xi. 257. On the flowers andseeds.

Aplasia ononaria.—Newm.Addalia ochrata.

Ulex europaeus : FtrRZE; Gorse.—no.

Pseudoterpna pniinata {cytisaria~)

.

—Ent. x. 74-

Medicago sativa : Lucerne.Colias hyale.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

„ edusa.

Bombyx trifolii.—Sta.

Strenia dathrata.—Sta.

Medicago lupulina : BLACK Medick.—lOO.

Colias hyaU.—Buckl., Ent. vi. 232. In confinement.Zygctiia exulans.—Buckl. In confinement.Nola centonalis.— Ent. xiii. 43 ; xv. 41., Buckl.Aspilates gilvaria.—Ent. Mag. viii. 1 16.


Melilotus arvensis : Melilot.Lyccrna sejniarf;its (ads').

Bomhyx trifolii.—Sta.

Euclidia mi.—Newm.

Trifolium pratense : Purple Clover.—112,

Colias liyale.—Newm.„ editsa.—Newm.

Lyccena icarus {alexis').—Sta.

„ corydon.—Newm.Zygcvna exu/ans.—Buckl. In confinement.

„ filipendulcr.—Buckl.

„ /onicercv.—Buckl., Newm.A'o/a centonalis.—Ent. .\iii. 43 ; xv. 235., Buckl. On the

flowers.

Lilhosia griseola.—Buckl.

„ caniola.—Buckl.

Bomhyx trifolii.—Newm., Sta.

Agro'tis saucia.—Newm.,, nigricans.—Newm.

Tceniocampa gothica.— Sta.

Euclidia mi.—Sta.

Trifolium dubium.— 100.

Nola centonalis.—Buckl. On the flowers.

Trifolium ochroleucon.— 11.

Zygcrna pilosellcp {minos').—Newm., Sta.

Calocampa vetusta.

Trifolium repens : Dutch Clover.— 112.

Colias hyale.—Newm.„ edusa.—Newm.

Lyccrna icarus (alexis').—Sta.

,, bellargus (adonis).

,, corydon.—Newm.Zygivna exulans.—Buckl. In confinement.

,, Jilipenduliv.—Buckl.

,, lonicercE.—Buckl., NewmNola centonalis.—Ent. xiv. 226., Buckl. On the flowers.

Lithos'ia caniola.—Buckl., Newm.„ griseola.—Buckl.

Bomhyx trifolii.—Newm., Sta.

Ap-otis saucia.—Newm.„ nigricans.—Newm.

Twniocampa gothica.—Sta.

Euclidia glyphica.—Newm.

Strenia clathrata.—Ent. ix. 1 79.

FOOD-PLANTS Ah'D LARV.E. 91

Trifolium procumbens : Hop Trefoil.— loi.

Zygcena trifolii.—Newm., Sta.

„ nieliloti.

Nolii cenionalis.—Ent. xiii. 43., Buckl. Its proper food.

Calocampa vetusta.—Newm.

Trifolium filiforme.— 61.

Nola centonalis.—Ent. .xiii. 43.

Anthyllis Vulneraria : Lauv's Fingers ;Kidney Vetch.

—105.Lyccena corydon.—Newm., Sta.

„ minima (jilsus).—Newm., Buckl., Ent. Mag. ill. 205 ;

vii. 186 ; X. 43. On the flowers.

Lotus corniculatus : Birds-foot Trefoil.— 112.

Colias hyale.—Newm.„ ediisa.—Buckl.

Leucophasia sinapis.—Sta.

Lyccena icariis (alexis).—Sta., Buckl.

„ corydon.—Newm.Nisoniades tagis.—Buckl., Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. vi. 233.Hesperia comma.—Newm.Sesia ichneumoniformis.— Buckl, Ent. Mag. vi. 90. In the

roots.

Zygcena pilosellce (jninoi).—Newm., Sta.

„ exidans.—Ent. Mag. xx. 15c, Buckl. In confine-

ment.

,, meliloti.

„ trifolii.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.

„ loniccrce.—Buckl., Sta.

„ filipendulce.—Buckl., Newm.Nola centonalis.—Ent. xiii. 43., Buckl.

Lithosia caniola.—Newm.Xylomiges conspicillaris.—Newm., Sta., Ent, Mag. xii. 83.

Nyssia zonaria.—Ent. xxii. 187.

Selidosema ericetaria Qplitmaria').

Acidalia riibiginata (ruhricala'). In confinement.

,,emutaria. In confinement.

Ematurga atomaria.—Newm., Sta.

Aspilates ochrearia (ciCraria').—Newm,Eubolia plumbtria Qpalumbaria').

,, bipunctaria.—Newm.

Lotus pilosus : Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil.—100.


Lyccena argiades.—Ent. xviii. 249.Acidalia rubiginata (j-ubricata'). In confinement.

„ emutaria. In confinement.

92 lA/iVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Lotus pilosus

—

continued.

Einatiirga atoniaria.—Newm., Sta.

Aspila/es ochrearia {citrariti).—Newm.

Ornithopus perpusillus : Bird's-foot.—83.

Lycttna cegon.—Buck!., Newm.„ icarus {alexis).—Buckl.

Hesperia comma.—Newm.

Hippocrepis comosa : Horse-shoe Vetch.—45.Lyccena bellargiis {adofiis).—Buckl.

„ corydon—Ent. Mag. xi. 113 ; iii. 70 ; iii. gi.

Zygcpiia pilose/Ice {minos).—-Newm., Sta.

,, trifolii.—Newm., Sta.

,, lonicercv.—Sta.

Onobrychis viciaefolia (sativa) : Saint-foin.— 27.

Zygccnafilipendulcc

.

—Buckl.

Slj-eiiia clathrata.—Sta.

Vicia Cracca : Tufted Vetch.— 112.

Lencophasia sinapis.—Newm., Sta.

Toxocainpa pastinuin.—Newm., Sta.

Vicia sylvatica : Woon Vetch.— 72.

Toxocainpa cracca".—Newm.

Vicia sativa: Common Vetch.Dasydia ohfuscaria (ohfuscaid).—Newm., Sta.

Acidalia marginepunctata {pronmtata^—Sta.

Lathyrus (Orobus) pratensis : Me.\dow Vetchling.—109.

Zygcvna lonicercr.—Buckl,

Lathyrus (Orobus) tuberosus : Tuberous Bitter Vetch.Lencophasia sinapis.—Newm., Sta.

Lathyrus (Orobus) sylvestris : Everlasting Pea.— 60.


Polia flavicincta.—Ent. Mag. ix. 248.

Colutea arborescens : Bladder Senna. (Not British).Lyccena hcetica.—Newm., Ent. xii. 83. In the pods.

Robinia Pseud-acacia : Acacia.Orgyia antujua.—Buckl.

Amphidasys betularia.—Newm.

Prunus spinosa : Blackthorn.— 103.

Aporia cratcvgi.—Sta.

Tliecla priini.—Newm., Sta.

„ betiilcE.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Smerinthus ocellatus.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV.'E.

Prunus spinosa—continued.

Nola cucidlatella.—Newm., Sta.

Porthesia chrysorrhcea.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. viii. i8.

Ocneria dispar.—Newm.Orgyia gonostigma.

,, antiquiJ.

Trichiura cratccgi.—Newm., Sta.

Eriogaster lanestris.—Sta.

Lanocatnpa qiiercifolia.—Newm., Sta.

Saturnia pavonia {carpini).—N ewm.Cilix glaucata (jpimda).—StaDemas coiyli.—Sta.

Acronycta tridens.—Newm.

,, strig.jsa.—Sta.

Noctiia augur.—Ent. xi. 269.

Tiyp/tcrna iantkina.—Ent. xi. 269.

Tceniocampa incerta {instabilis').—Sta.

Orthosia lota.—Y.wi. xxii. 1 3 1.

Cerastis spadicea.—Newm., Sta.

Valeria oleagina.—Newm., Sta.

Miselia oxyacanthce.—Newm., Sta.

Xylomiges conspicillaris.—Ent. xvi. 132.Uropteryx samhucaria ^samhucata').—Ent. xiii. 140.

Rumia luteolata {cratoegata).—Newm., Sta.

A ngerona prunaria.—Newm.Selenia lunaria.—Newm., Sta.

Crocallis elitiguaria.—Newm., Sta.

Boarmia repandata.—Sta.

Tephrosia crepuscularia.—Ent. xix. 159.Asthena sylvata.—Ent. xii. 296.Bapta tenierata.—Newm., Sta.

A leucis pictaria.—Newm.Abraxas grossulariata.—Newm., Sta.

Hybernia rupicapraria.—Newm., Sta.

,, dejfoliaria.—Newm., Sta.

Anisopteryx cBsciilaria.—Newm., Sta.Cheimatobia brumata.Oporabia dilutata.—Newm.Melanthia bicolorata {rubiginata).—Newm.Cidaria corylata.—Newm., Sta.

Prunus : Plum.Aporia crafcrgi.—Sta.

Nola cucidlatella.—Newm.Zeuzera pyrina (jesculi).—Newm. In the wood.Ocneria dispar.—Newm.Dasychira fascelina

.

—Newm.

94 I.A/?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Pru nus—continued.

Orgyia antiqua.

Bombyx neustria.

Phalera bucephala.

A cj'onycta psi.

Diloba cceritleocephala.

Mania typica.—Newm. Before hybernation.Tceniocampa ttiiinda.—Newm.DasychuTHpa riibiginea.—Ent. Mag. v, 2o6. In confinement.Calymnia pyralina.—Newm., Sta.

Catocala nupta.—lint. xv. 133A ngerona pninaria.— Sta.

Seknia bHufiaria (illunaria)

.

—Sta.

Eugonia (^Ennomos) aiituiiinaria (alniariii).—Newm. In con-finement.

Biston hirtaria.—Newm.Boarmia repandata,—Newm.

„ gemmaria (jliomboidaria').—Newm., Sta.

Tephrosia biunditlaria.—Newm. In confinement.Acidalia riibiginata (rubi'icata').

Prunus Avium : Wild Cherrv.—90.

Vanessa polychloros.—Newm.Acronycta alni.—Ent. Mag. .x.x. 82.

Bapta tenierata.—Newm., Sta.

„ taminata.—Newm.

Spiraea Filipendula : Dropwort.—61.

Xanthia aurago.—Ent. xii. 297.

Spiraea Ulmaria : Meadow-sweet.— 112.

Callimorpha dominula.—Ent. xiii. 172.Satitrnia pavonia (carpini').—Ent. xiii. 172, Ent. Mag. xvii.

124.

Taeniocampa gracilis.—Ent. xvi. 199.Anchocehs litura.—Newm.Acidalia marginepunctata {promutata').—Ent. xiv. 212. (?).

„ aversata.—Newm.„ immutata.—Ent. xiv. 212.

Rubus fruticosus : BrambleThecla riibi.—Newm., Sta.

Syi-ichthus vialviv {alveolus).—Buckl., Newm., Ent. Mag. xi

236.

Bombyx rubi.—Newm.Thyatira derasa.—Newm., Sta.

„ batis.—Newm., Sta.

Acronycta auricoma.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. iii. 261.Nocttta iriangulum,

„ dahhi. In confinement.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV^. 95

Rubus fruticosus

—

continued.

Anchocelis litiira.—Ent. Mag. ix. 39.

Hadena rectilinea.—Sta.

Aplecta occulta.—Ent. Mag. xii. 66. In confinement.

Erastria veniatida—Ent. xvi. 164. On the flowers.

„ fasciana {^fuscula).—Newm., Sta.

Uropteryx sambucaria (sambiicata).—Sta.

Boarmiii repandata.— Sta., Ent. xi. 268.

Nemoria viridata.—Sta.

Acidalia bisetata.—Ent. Mag. v. 96. In confinement, onwithered leaves.

Acidalia degeneraria.—Ent. Mag. ix. 115. In confinement.

,, riisticata.—Ent, Mag. iii. 259. In confinement, onwithered leaves.

Melanthia albicillata,—Newm., Sta.

Rubus Idaeus : Raspberry.—105.

Syrichthus tnalvoe (alveolus').—Newm., Sta.

Acronycta alni.—Ent. Mag. xx. 82.

Erastria fasciana (fuscuhi).—Newm.Za?tclognatha tarsipennalis.—Sta.

Melanthia albicillata.—Newm., Sta.

Rubus caesius : Dewberry.—68.

Kola «/^«/(7/?5.—Buckl, Ent. ix. 177.

Geum urbanum : Common Avens.— 104.

Acidalia aversata.—Newm., Sta.

Geum rivale : Water Avens.—90.

Acidalia aversata.—Newm.

Fragaria vesca.— Wii.D Strawberry.—in.A ironyeta rumicis.-—Newm.Noctua Jlanwiatra

.

Mania maura.—Ne\s'm.

Gnophos obscuraria {obsciiratd).—Ent. xiii. 13.

Mela?tthia albicillata.—Newm. In confinement.Cidaria truncata (russatd).—Newm.

„ immanata.—Newm.

Potentilla Fragariastrum : Strawberry-leaved Cinque-foil.— ioi.

Syrichthus malvce {alveolus).—Buckl.Epundalutiilenta.—Ent. Mag. vi. 235. In confinement.

Potentilla (Sibbaldia) procumbens.

—

Scotch Cinquefoil.—69

Zygcvna exulans. Buckl.

96 IA/?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING

Potentilla reptans : Trailing Tormentil—89.Tryphirna orbona {siibseqiid).—Ent. Mag. ix. 57.Erastna venustula.—Newm. On the flowers.

Aspilates gilvaria.—Ent. Mag. viii. 116.

Potentilla Anserina : Silver-weed.— 112.Nola centonalis.—Ent. .xiii. 43.Erastria venustula.—Ent. xvi. 164. On the flowers.

Alchemilla alpina : Alpine Lady's Mantle.—27.Zygcvna exulans.—Ent. Mag. xx. 151., Buckl.

Poterium Sanguisorba : Common Salad Burnet.—70.

Ino glohularicE.—Ent. xv. 189.

Acosmetia caligirwia,

Agro/is ashworthii.—Newm.Gnophos obscuraria,—Newm., Sta.

Rosa spinosissima : Burnet Rose.— 90.

Bombyx rubi.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 60.

Tceniocampa opima.—Ent. Mag. ix. 21.

Anticlea hadiata.—Ent. xiv. 87.

Cidariafulvata.

Rosa canina : Dog Rose.—no.Acronycta alni.—Ent. Mag. xx. 82.

Hemerophila abriiptaria.—(?). Also on cultivated rose.

Boarmia gemmaria {rhomboidaria).—(?). Also on cultivated

rose.

Anticlea badiata.—Newm., Sta.

,, nigrofasciaria (derivata').—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria sitterata Qpsittacata').—Sta.

„ fulvata.—Newm., Sta.

Pyrus Aria : White-beam.—46.

Vanessa polychlorus.—Newm

.

Pyrus Aucuparia : Mountain Ash.— 106.

Acronycta alni.—Ent. xii. 251.

Venusia camhrica (cambricaria')

.

—Newm.Lobophora viretata.—Ent. xx. 183.

Pyrus communis : Pear.— 49.

Aporia cratcegi.—Sta.

Vanessapolychlorus.—Newm.Sesia myopifortnis.—Newm. In the wood.Zeuzera pyrina (crscuh^.—Newm., Sta. In the wood.Orgyia antiqua.

Bombyx neustria.—Sta.

Cilix glaucata (^spinula').

Diloba ccrruleocephala.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV.^. 97

Pyrus communis

—

continued.

Acronyda psi—Nevvm.

„ tridens,

Cosmia pyralina.—Newm., Sta,

Mania typica.—Newm.Crocallis elinguaria.—Newm.Eugonia {Ennomoi) aiitumnaria Qalniariu'),—Newm.Biston hirtaria.—Newm.Ampludasys hetiilaria.—Ent. xix. 253.

Cheimatobia briimata.—Newm.Eupithecia consignata

.

—Newm.„ rectajigulata.—Newm., Sta. In the buds.

Pyrus Malus : Apple.Aporia craicvgi.—Ent. xviii. 179., Sta.

Chceyocampa elpenor.—Ent. xviii. 18 1.

Smerinthus ocellatus.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.

Sesia myopi/onnis.—Buckl., Newm., Sta. In the bark andwood.

Arctia caia {caja').—Ent. xvi. 162.

Zeuzera pyrina (jrsculi').—Newm., Sta. In the wood.Porthesia similis {aurifliui).—Sta.

Ocneria dispar.—Newm.Psilura monacha.—Sta.

Orgyia antigua.

Bombyx neustria.—Newm., Sta.

Stanropus fagi.—Ent. xv. 89.

Acronycta psi.

,, alni.—Ent. x. 254.

Dasycampa rubiginea.—Newm.Rumia luteolata (cratirgatn).—Ent. xvi. 162.

Crocallis elinguaria.—Newm.Eugonia QEnnonw;') autumnaria Qilniaria').—Newm.Amphidasys betularia.—Ent. xix. 253.Cheimatobia brumata.—Newm.Eupithecia consignata.—Newm., Sta.

,, rectangulata.—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria siterata {psittacatd).—Sta.

Crataegus Oxyacantha : Whitethorn.—no.Aporia cratcegi.—Newm., Sta.

Nola cucullatella.—Sta., Ent. xii. 164.

Spilosoma luhricepeda.—Buckl.Porthesia (Jiparis') chrysorrhcea.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag.

viii. 18.

„ ,, similis {aurifiud).—Newm., Sta.

Ocneria dispar.—Newm., Ent. xviii. 263.Orgyia gonostigma.

„ antigua,

H

98 LAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Crataegus Oxyacantha—continued.

Zeiizera pyriyin {cesculi).—Ent. xx. 137.

Trkhiura cratcegi.—Xewm., Sta.

PiTcilocampa populi.—Sta.

Enogaster lanestris.—Xewm , Sta.

Bomhyx qiierciis.—Buckl., Xewm.„ „ V. calluncs.—Buckl, Ent. Mag. vii. 8S.

Saturnia pavoniaicarpmi).— Ent. ix. 186, Ent. Mag. vii. 88.

Cilix glaiicata (^spinula).—X'ewm., Sta.

A cronycta psi.—X'ewm.

,, tridens.—Xewm.„ alni.—X'ewm.

„ strigosa.—X'ewm.

„ menyanthidis.— Ent. Mag. vii. 88. In confine-

ment.Diloba c(Eriileocephala.—Buckl., X'ewm., Sta.

Noctua augur.—X'ewm., Ent. xi. 269. After iiybernation.

„ triangulimi. In confinement.

„ dahlii. In confinement.

„ iobrina. In confinement.

„ xanthographa.

Tryphana comes {^orbonci).—Xewm. After hybernation.

„ ianthina.—Ent. xi. 269.

TcBtiiocampa gothica.—Xewm.„ miniosa.—X'ewm.

Cerastis spadicea.—Sta.

Polia chi.—X'ewm.Miselia oxyacanthce.—X'ewm., Sta.

ApUcta nehtilosa.—X'ewm.Calocampa solidaginis.—Ent. Mag. ix. 92.

A mphipyra tragopogonis

.

—X'ewm

.

Uropteryx sambucaria (sambucata).—Ent. xiii, 40.

Rumia liiteolata {cratcegata) —X'ewm., Sta.

Crocallis elingicaria.—Sta.

Eugenia (^Ennomos') quercinaria (angularid).—Ent. ix. 50.

Boarmia repandata.—Ent. xvi. 270.

Netnoria viridata.-—Sta.

Hemithea strigata (jliymiaria).—Sta.

Acicialia contiguarii.—Ent. Mag. iii. 6g.

„ trigemitiata. In confinement.

,,immiitata. In confinement.

,, degenaria. In confinement.

Hybernia rupicapraria.—Xewm., Sta.

,, aurantiaria.—X'ewm.„ defoliaria.—Xewm., Sta.

Anisopteryx cescularia.—Xewm., Sta.

Cheimatobia briimata.

Oporabia dilutata.—X'ewm.


Crat aegu s Oxyacantha

—

continued.

Eupithicia viilgata.—Newm.,,

dodoneala.—(?).

„ exigunta.—Newm., Sta.

Coremia (juadrifasdaria.—Xewm., Sta.

Cidaria truncata (j-ussata').—Xewm.„ dotata (^pyraliatd).—Sta.

Saxifraga aizoides.—32.

Larentia JIavicinctata.—'Ent. Mag. xii. 86.

,, cmsiata.—Ent. Mag. xii. 86.

Saxifraga granulata : White Meadow Sa.xifrage — 75.Larentia flavicinctiita.—-Xewm., Sta.

Saxifraga hypnoides : Mossv Saxifrage.—46.

Larentia flavicinctata.—Sta., Ent. Mag. xii. 5 ; xii. 68,

Chrysosplenium alternifolium : Alter x.ate-leaved Gol-den Saxifrage.—67.

Zanclognalha grisealis (jiemoralis').—Sta.

Ribes Grossularia : Gooseberry.Halia vaiiaria (u'avaria).—Xewm., Sta.

A hraxas grossiilariata.—Newm.Cidaria prunata.—Newm., Sta.

Ribes rubrum : Red Currant.Vanessa c-albuin.—X'ewm , Sta.

Sesia tipuliformis.—Buclil., X'ewm., Sta. In the shoots,

Halia vauaria (jivavaria').—Sta.

Abraxas grossiilariata.— Sta.

Cidaria prunata.—Xewm., Sta.

„ associata Qlntata').—X''ewm., Sta.

Ribes nigrum : Black Currant.Sesia tipuliformis.—Buckl , X^^ewm., Sta. In the shoot?.

Eupithecia assimilata.—Xewm., Sta.

,, exiguata.—Xewm., Sta.

Cidaria prunata.—Xewm., Sta.

,, associata Qdotata').—Newm., Sta.

Ribes sanguinem : Flowering Currant (Xot British).Abraxas grossulariata.—Ent. xix. 255.

Cotyledon Umbilicus : Wall Penny-wort.— 53.

Abraxas grossulariata.—Ent. xiv. 18.

Sedum Telephium : Orpine.—75.

Caradrina morpheus —Ent. Mag. .x. 254.Abraxas grossulariata.—Ent. xiv. 43.

Sedum acre : Biting Stonecrop.— 104.

Agrotis lucernea.—Newm.H 2

ICO lA/^VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Epilobium angustifolium : Flowering Willow.—92.

Chcvrocampa porcellus.—Ent. xii. 250.

Epilobium hirsutum : Great Hairy Willow-herb.—93.

Chcrrocampa celerio.—Ent. xix. 124.

„ elpenor.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

,,porcellus.—Ent. xii. 250.

Spilosoma urticce.—Newm.Mania typica.—Sta.

Cidaria silaceata.—Newm. Also on othev Epiluliia.

Lythrum Salicaria : Purple Loosestrife.—92.

Cliivrocampa elpenor.

„ porcellus.—Ent. xii. 250.

Saiurnia pavonia (carpini').

Acidalia immutata.

Circaea lutetiana : Enchanter's Nightshade.—97.Clu^rocampa elpenor.—Ent. xv. 234.

Cidaria silaceata.—Newm.

Pimpinella Saxifraga : Common Burnet Saxifrage.— 99.Zygcena pilosellcv {tnitios) v. nuhigena.—Buckl.

Acidalia dimidiata (^scutulata').—Newm. On the flowers.

Eupithecia oblongata (centaureata).—Newm. On the flow-

ers.

,,virgaureata.—Sta. On the flowers.

„ pimpinellata.—Newm., Sta. On the flowers.

Pimpinella major : Great Burnet Saxifrage.—50.

Eupithecia oblongata (ceniaureata^.—'^tvim. On the flow-

ers.

„ virgaureata.-—(?). On the flowers.

Conopodium (Bunium) denudatum : Common Pig-nut.104.

Tanagra atrata {chirropliyllata').—Newm. On the blossoms.

Chaerophyllum temulum : Rough Chervil.—97.

Larentia didyinata.—Sta.

Tanagra atrata {chctrophyllata').—Sta.

Anthriscus sylvestris : Hare's Parsley.— 102.

Plusia bractea.—Ent. xv. 21.

Acidalia dimidiata (scutulata').—Newm. On the flowers.

Larentia didymata.—Newm.Eupithecia pumilata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Silaus pratensis : Meadow Saxifrage.—65.

Eupithecia oblongata (centaureata').—Newm. On the flowers-

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARVM. lo

Angelica sylvestris : Wild Angelica.— no.Papilio machaon.—Ent. Magf. xviii. 245., Buckl.

Eupithecia alhipunctata.—Newm. On the flowers.

,,irisigtiaria.—Newm., Ent. i.x. 260. On the

flowers.

„ corona/a.—Xewm. On the flowers.

Peucedanum palustre : MiiK Tarsley.— 12.

Papilio machaon.—Newm., Sta.

Heracleum sphondylium : Cow Parsnep.—no.Papilio machaon.—Ne\\m.Dasypolia templi.—-Newm.Eupithecia alhipunctata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Daucus Carota : Wild Carrot.— 106.

Chcerocampa celerio.

Bombyx castrensis.—Newm., Sta.

Aspilates ochearia {citraria~).—Newm.Eupithecia scabiosata {subumbratd).—Ent. xviii. 264.

Hedera Helix : Ivy.— iii.

Lyccena ar^iolits.—Buckl., Newm., Sta. On the blossoms.

Polia Jiavicincta (^flavocincta').—Ent. xix. 128.

Uropteryx sambucaria (sambucata') —Newm., Sta.

Boarmia gemmaria (rhomboidaria').—Ent. xxi. 278 ; Ent.

Mag. iii. 20.

Acidalia riisticata. In confinement.

Lobophora viretata.— Ent. x. 98.

Cornus sanguinea : Dog-wood.—66.

Lyccrna argiohis.—Buckl.

Sesia andienifui-mis.— Ent. xx. 102., Ent. Mag. x. 161.

Lithosia lurideola {complanuld).—Buckl.

Sambucus nigra : Elder.— 106.

Satiirnia pavonia (caipini').— Ent. xxii. 17.

Gortyna ochracea (^flavago').—Newm. In the stems.

Mamestra persicarice.—Newm

.

Uropteryx sambucaria {sambucata').—Newm., Sta.

Pericallia \yringaria.—Newm

.

Eugojiia (^Efinomos') aiitumnaria (alniara).—Newm.Viburnum Opulus : Guelder Rose.—75.

Lobophora viretata.—Ent. x. 98.

Lonicera Periclymenum : Honevskckle.— 109.Melitoea aurinia (artemis).—Ent. xvii. 258.Limenitis Sibylla.—Newm., Sta.

Macroglossa fucifortnis.—Buckl, Sta., Ent. Mag. v. 226.Cerastis spadicea.—Newm.

102 ZAJ?J\'l COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Lonicera Periclymenum—continued.

Polia flaviancta (^flavocincta).—Ent. xix. 92.

Hadena porphyrea {satura).—Sta.

„ thalassina.—Sta.

Xylocampa areola (Jithoriza).—Newm., Sta.

Pliisia iota.—Sta.

Uropteryx sambiicaria (satnbucata').—Newm,Crocallis elinguaria.—Newm

.

Acidalia degenaria. In confinement.

Lobophora carpinata Qobiilata').—Newm.„ polycommata.—Newm., Sta.

Anticlea nigrofasciaria {derivata').—Sta.

Rubia peregrina : Madder.— 23.

Deilephila galii.

Macroghssa stellatarutn.

Galium verum : Lady's Bedstraw.— 109.

Deilephila galii.—Newm., Sta.

„ livornica.—Newm., Sta.

Chcerocampa porcellus.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

„ elpenor.—Ent. xviii. 288., Newm.Macroghssa stellatarutn.—Buck!., Xewni.

„ fuciformis.—Newm.Agi'otis aquilina.—Sta.

„ obelisca.—Newm.Noctua plecta.—Newm.Acidalia ochrata.—Ent. xiii. 306. On the flowers.

„ peroclvaria {pchrcaria). On the flowers. In con-

finement.

,, eniarginaia.—Sta.

Larentia multistrigaria.—Newm., Sta. Also on other

Galia.

„ salicata.—Newm. Also on other Galia.

Melanthia ocellata.—Newm., Sta.

Melanippe galiata.—Newm., Sta.

Anticlea cucullata {sinuata').— Newm., Sta., Ent. ix. 232.

,, 7'ubidata.^'^tv<m., Sta.

Coremia utiidentaria.—Newm.PJiibalapteryx vittata (Jignatd).—Ent. Mag. viii. 18 ; xxi. i;8.

Mesotype virgata (Jineolata).—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ix.

197 ; X. 255.

Galium MoUugo : Hedge Bedstraw.—75.

Diilephila galii.

Chcerocampa celerio.—Ent. xix. 124.

,,povcellns.—Buckl.

,,elpenor.—Buckl. In confinement on the flowers.

Macroghssa stellataruin.—Buckl., Sta.

FOOD.PLANTS AXD LAR\ V^. 1 03

Gali um M oUugo—continued.

Caradrina morpheus.—Ent. Mag;, x. 254.

Noctua umbrosa.—Ent. Mag. viii. 140. In confinement.

Epunda nigra.—Newm.Acidalia dimidiata (^scutulata).—Ent. ix. 12.

Larentia olivata.—Xewm., Ent. Mag. xi. 86.

,, viridaria (^pectiniiarid).—Newm.Eupitliecia scabiosata (siihumbrald).—Xewm.

„ satyrata.—Newm., Sta.

Melanippe tristata.—Newm., Sta.

„ rivala.—Newm., Sta.

,,sociata (jiihtristata).—Newm., Sta.

„ galiata.—Newm., Sta.

Anticlea riibidata.—Newm., Sta.

Phihalapteryx vittata {lignata).—Ent. Mag. xxi. 158.

Cidaria snffiimata.—Newm.„ dotata {pyraliata),—Newm.„ picata.—Ent. ix. 13.

Galium sexatile : Heath Bedstk.a^w.—in.Larentia viridaria (^pectinitaria').—Newm.Phihalapteryx vittata {lig?iata~).—Ent. Mag. viii. 18. In con-

finement.

Mesotype virgata (Jineolata').—Ent. Mag. ix, 197 ; x. 255. In

confinement.

Galium palustre : Water Bedstr.\w.— 112.

C/urrocampa porceltns.—^nckl.

,,elpenor.—Buckl.

Acidalia perochraria {pchrearia~). On the flowers. In con-

finement.

Phibalapteryx vittata (Jignata).—Ent. Mag. viii. 18.

Galium Aparine : Goose Grass.— 112.

Macroglossa stellatariim.

Cidaria dotata (^pyraliata').—Newm.

Asperula odorata : Sweet Woodrt'ff.— ioi.

Noctua plecta.—Newm.Larentia salicata.—Newm. In confinement.

,, mnltistrigaria.—Newm. In confinement.

Coremia iinidentaria.—Newm.

Valeriana officinalis : Great Wild Valerian.—in.Zygcrna filipendidce

.

Acidalia tnarginepunctata (^promutata').—Ent. xiv. 212.

„ immiitata.—Ent. xiv. 212.

Eupitliecia vakrianata Qi'iminata').—Newm., Ent. iii. 45,

19. On the flowers.

IAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Dipsacus sylvestris : Wild Teasel.—72.

Caradrina morpheus.—-Sta.

Dipsacus pilosus : Small Teasel.—51.

Caradrina morpheus.—Sta.

Scabiosa succisa : Devil's-bit Scabious.— 112.

MeliliTii aurinia {artemis).—Newm., Sta.

Mncroghssa /wmhylifonnis.— 'Eni. y.\\\. 123 ; xx. 99., Biickl.

* Syntornis p/iegea.

Agrotis asliworthii.—\e\vm

.

Calocampa vetii^ta.—Newm.„ exoleta.—Newm.

Eupithecia satyrata.—Sta. On the flowers.

„ mimitata.—Ent. xvi. 62. On the flowers.

Scabiosa arvensis : Field Scabious.—95.

Macroglossa homhyliformis

.

—Newm., Sta.

„ fuciformis.—Newm.Epiinda lutuUnta.—Ent. Mag. vi. 236.

Calocampa vetusta.—Newm.Eupithecia scabiosata (^subumbrata).—Newm. On the flowers.

,,satyrata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Scabiosa Columbaria : Small Scabious.—71.

Calocampa vetusta.—Newm.Eupithecia oblongata (centaureata).—Newm. On the flowers.

Eupatorium cannabinum : Hemp Agrimony.—97.

Gortyna ochracea {flavago).—Newm. In the stems.

Plusia chryson {orichalcea').—Newm., Sta.

„ bractea.—Newm.Eupithecia oblongata {centaureata^.—y,<t\sm. On the flowers.

,, absynthiata.—Newm., Ent. ix. 260. On the

flowers.

„ coronata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Solidago Virgaurea : Golden-rod.— 108.

Agrotis ashiforthii.—Newm., Ent. xxiii. 6.

Cucullia asteris.—Newm., Sti.

,,gnaphalii.—Newm., Sta.

Acidalia ochrata.—Ent. xiii. 307.

Eupithecia oblongata {centaureata').—Newm.,,

pernotata.—Ent. xiii. 146., Newm., Sta.

,, virgaureata.—Newm.,, vulgata.—Sta.

,,e.vpallidata.—Newm., Ent. Mag. x. iiS.

,, absinthiata.—Newm., Sta.

,, coronata.—Newm.

Aster tripolium : Sea Star-wort.—65.

Cucullia asteris.—Newm.


Filago germanica : Common Crn-WEED.—93.

Vanessa carditi.—Ent. xix. 132.

Achillea Millefolium : Yarrow; Milfoil.— 112.

Nyssia zonaria.—Newm., Sta.

Acidalia marginepunctata Qpromiila/a').— Sta.

„ imtnutata.

Aspilates gilvaria.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. viii. 1 16.

Eupithecia oblongata {centaureata^.—Newm. On the flowers.

,, siiccentaiiriata.—Sta. On the seeds.

„ subfidvata.—Ent. xviii. 144, Newm. On the

flowers.

,, ahsinthiata.—Xewm. On the flowers.

Anthemis Cotula : 72.

Cuciillia chamomillcs.—Newm., Sta.

Sterrha sacravia

.

—Newm

.

Anthemis nobilis : Chamomile.—4G.

Cucidlia chamomillce

.

—Sta.

Sterrha sacraria.—Newm.Eupithecia succentauviata.—Ent. Mag. x. I18.

Anthemis arvensis : Coi'iN Chamomile.—69.

Cucullia chamomilhv.—Sta.

Sterrha sacraria.—N cwm

.

Chrysanthemum Parthenium : Common Feverfeav.Cucullia chamomilhv.

Matricaria inodora : Corn Feverfew.—hi.Cucullia chamomillce.—Sta., Newm.Heliothis peltigera.—Newm.

Matricaria Chamomilla : Doc/s Chamomile.—62.

Cucullia chamomillcT.—Sta.

Tanacetum vulgare : Tansy.— 102.

Eupithecia ahsinthiata.—Ent. xiv. 222. On the flowers.

Artemisia Absinthium : Common Wormwood.— 71.

Cucullia ahsinthii.—Newm., Sta.

„ artemisice.—Ent. xviii. 290.

Eupithecia ahsinthiata.—Sta. On the flowers.

,, extensaria.—Ent. xviii. 146 (?). On the flowers.

,, innotata.—Ent xviii. 146 (?). On the flowers.

,, succentauriata.— Sta. On the seeds.

Artemisia vulgaris : Mugwort.—no.Heliothis scutosa.—Ent. x. 106.

* Emydia striata {grammica).—Newm. On the seeds.

Eupithecia succentauriata.—Newm.„ ahsinthiata.—Ent. xviii. 144., Newm., Sta. On the

flowers.

io5 ZAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Artemisia campestris : Field Wormwood.—4.

Agrotis vestigialis (xialligerd).

Heliothis scutosa.—Sta., Ent. x. 106.

Artemisia maritima ; Sea Wormwood.—47.Bomhyx castrensis.—Newm., Sta.

Phoiodesma smaragdaria.— Ent. xxi. 190.Mamestra ahjccta.

Tussilago Farfara : Colt's-foot.— 112.

Acidalia ochrata.—Ent. xiv. 159. On the flowers.

Petasites officinalis (vulgaris) : Bittter-bur.— 102.

HydrcFcia petasitis.—^twm., Sta. In the stems and roots.

Senecio vulgaris: Groundsel.—112.

Enchelia jacobctce.—Newm.Nemeophila plantaginis.—Ent. xvi. 1 13.

Folia flavkincta ( flavocincta).—Newm.Phlogophora nieticulosa.—Newm.Plusia braclea.—Ent. xv. 21 ; xvi. 134.

„ iota.—Sta.

,, pulchrina.—Sta.

Acidalia immntata. In confinement.Eupithecia oblongata {centaureata').—Sta. On the flowers.

,, absinthiata.—Sta. On the flowers.

Coremia mitnitata.—Newm. In confinement.Camptogramma Jluviata.—Newm. In confinement.

Senecio erucifolius : Hoary Ragwort.—67.

Eupithecia oblongata (centaureata).—Newm. On the flowers.

,, absinthiata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Senecio Jacobaea : Ragwort.— 112.

Polvommatus phlivas.—Newm.Euchelia jacobcrce.—'$)\.-A.,

Tceniocampa opima.—Ent. Mag. ix. 21.

Epunda lichenea.—Newm., Sta.

Eupithecia oblongata (centaureata').—Newm. On the flowers.

„ succentauriata.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 6r. On the

flowers.

„ virgaureata.—Ent. ix. 260. On the flowers.

„ expallidata.—Newm (?). On the flowers.

„ absinthiata.—Newm., Ent. ix. 260. On the flowers.

Eupithecia vulgata.—(?).

,, castigata.— (?).

,, virgaureata. In confinement.

Senecio palustris : Marsh Flea-wort.—7.

Eupithecia virgaureata. In confinement,

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARVAE. 107

Arctium minus (Lappa) : BuRHOCK.—38.

Vanessa cardiii.

Hepialus humuli.—Newm., Sta. On the roots.

Gortyna ochracea (^Jiavago).—Newm., Sta. In the stems.

Plii'sia chrysitis.—Newm.

Carduus nutans : MusK Thistlk.—73.

Vanessa cardid.—Sta.

Gortyna ochracea {JIavago).—Newm., Sta. In the stems.

Agrotis obsciira {j-avida).—Newm. On the roots.

Carduus crispus : Welted Thistle.—87.

Vanessa cardni.—-Sta.

Cnicus lanceolatus : Spear Thistle.— ii3.

Vanessa cardiii.—Sta.

Cnicus palustris : Marsh Thistle.— 112.

Gortyna ochracea (^Jlavago).—Newm. In the stems.

Cnicus arvensis : Field Thistle.— 11:.

Vanessa cardiii.—Newm.Calocampa exoleta.—Newm.

Onopordon Acanthium : Scotch Thistle.—60.

Vanessa cardui.—Buckl.

Centaurea nigra: Knap-weed.—no.Sesia ichneumoniformis

.

—Ent. xvi. 128.

Ino g/obularice.—Ent. Mag xx. 97., Buckl.

A'yssia zonaria.—Ent. xix. 158.

Ematiirga atomaria.—Sta.

Eupithecia oblongata {centaureata').—Sta. On the flowers.

„ scabiosata {snbumbrata').—Newm. On the flowers.

,, satyrata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Cichorium Intybus : Chicory.—63.

Agrotis suffnsa.

Aporophyla aitstrahs.—Newm.

Crepis virens : Smooth Hawk's-beard.— 106.

Ileliothis dipsacea.—Ent. Mag. xi. 257. On the flowers andseeds.

Acidalia ochrata.—Ent. xiii. 307. On the flowers.

Hieracium Pilosella : Mouse-ear Hawk-weed.— no.Nemeophila russiila.—Newm.Agrotis ashworthii.—Newm. Also on other //ieracia.

Hecatcra serena.—Sta. Also on other Hieracia.

Plusia bractea.—Ent. xiv. 2 22.

Leontodon hispidus : Rough H.\wk-bit.—87.

Eupithecia scabiosata {jttbumbrata').—Newm. On the flowers.

„ satyrata.—Newm. On the flowers.

io8 lARVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Taraxacum officinale: Dandelion.—no.* Syntomis phegea.Hepialus /lecttts.—Sta. On the roots.

„ humuli.—Buckl. On the roots.

Nemeophila rnssula.—Newni., Sta.

Cnllimorpha hera.

Noctua jJainmalra.

Agrotis ohscura (javida). On the roots and leaves.

„ hinigera.—Ent. Mag. iii. i88. In confinement.

,,lucernea.—Sta.

,, pitta.—Newm. (?).

Dasycampa rubiginea.—N ewm

.

ApUcta occulta.— Sta.

Hadena dentina.—Newm., Sta. On the roots.

Acidalia ochrata,—Ent. xiv. 159.

,,hisetata.—Sta.

„ dilutaria {osseata).—Ent. xi. 19., Ent. Mag. v. 36.

In confinement.

,, virgtilaria.—Pint. xi. gi. In confinement.

„ strigilaria.—Ent. Mag. viii. 91. In confinement.

,, immutata. In confinement.

,,scutulata.—Ent. Mag. v. 96. In confinement.

Lactuca virosa : Sleepwort.—51.

Hecatera chrysozona (dysodea). On the flowers and seeds.

Also on other Lactucce.

„ Serena.—Newm.Polia chL—Q-).Ciiciillia umbratica.—Newm.

Sonchus oleraceus : Sow-thistle.—109.

Hecatera serena.—Newm., Sia.

Polia c/71.—Sta.

Cucullia umbratica.—Newm., Sta.

Sonchus arvensis : Corn Sow-thistle.— 107.Hecatera serena.—Newm., Sta.

Polia chi.—St^.Cucullia umbratica.—Newm., Sta.

Sonchus palustris : Marsh Sow-thistle.—7.

Cucullia umbratica.—Newm.

Jasione montana : Sheep's Scabious.—78.

Eupithecia jasioneata.

Campanula glomerata : Clustered Bell-Flower.—^49.

Eupuhecia oblongata {centaureata~).—'y,^\s-m. On the flowers.

Campanula Trachelium : Canterbury Bells.—58.

Eupithecia campajiulata {denotata).—Newm., Ent. Mag. vii.

143. On the seeds. Also en most Campanula-.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV/E. 109

Campanula rotundifolia : Harebell.—no.Agi-otis liicernea.—Newm. In confinement.

„ ashworthii.—Sta. In confinement.

Polia xanthomista.—Newm.

Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea : Cow-bekkv.—62.


Anarta cordigera.—Newm., Sta.

Larentia ccesiata.—Newm.Cidaria populata.—Newm

., Sta

.

Carsia pnhidata (jmhutatd).—Ent. Mag, i.x. 93.

Vaccinium Myrtillus : Whortleserky; Bilberry.— 100.

Bombyx rubi.

Lasiocampa ilicifolia.—Newm., Sta.

Acronycta aiiricoma.—Sta.

Noctiia bninnea.—Ent. xxii. 168.

,, c-nigrum.

„ baia (baja).

„ sobrina.


Calocampa solidaginis.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mug. i.x. 9:!.

Anarta cordigera. —Newm., Sta.

Epione advenaria.—Newm., Sta.

Boannia repandata.—Ent. xvi. 270.

Halia brunneata (^pinetaria).—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. v.

108.

Oporabia filigratnmaria.—Ent. ix. 158. In confinement.

Larentia'ccesiata.—Ent. Mag. xii. 6., Ent. ix. 159. In con-

finement.

„ didyniata.—Ent. ix. 159.

Eiipithecia debiliata.—Newm.Hyps;petes sordidata {elutata').—Sta.

Eucosmia undidata.—Ent. xiii. 79. (?).

Cidaria immanata.—Ent. Mag. sxiii. 279-

,,populata.—Sta.

Vaccinium Oxycoccos : Cranbekrv.— 66.

Carsia paludata {imbutata').—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ix,

93-

Vaccinium uliginosum : BoG AVhortleberky.— 17.

Anarta cordigera.

Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi : Red Bear-berry.—31.

Anarta melanopa. (?).

Calluna Erica: Ling; Heather.—no.Etnydia cribriim.—Newm., Sta.

*,, striata (^grainmica').—Newm., Sta.

no IAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Bomhyx riibi.—Ent. xix. 157.

„ quercus.—Ent. xviii. 288.

Acronyda rumicis.—Ent. xviii. 288.

„ menyanthidis.—Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 88 ;ix. 43.

Agvoiis agathina.—-Newm.,, strigida (^porphyrea).—Newm.„ ashtuorthti.—Sta. In confinement.

Noctiia castanea (neglectd).—Ent. xxii. 49., Newm., Sla.

Epunda hihdetita.—Ent. Mag. vi. 236.

Aplecta occulta.—Ent. Mag. xii. 66.

Anarta iiiyrtiHi.—Newm., Sta.

Dasydia oh/uscaria.—Ent. Mag. viii. 20.

Boarmia repandata.—Ent. xvi. 270.

Acidalia munorata.—Ent. xx. 289.

„ contiguaria.—Ent. Mag. iii. 69. In confinement.

Scodiona belgiaria.—Newm.Selidosema ericetaria (^pbunaria).

Aspilates strigillaria.—Newm.Oporabiafiligrammaria.—Ent. ix. 158.

Larentia arsiata.—Ent. ix. 159., Ent. Mag. xii. 6., . 86.

Eupithecia nanaia.—Newm.,, „ V. curzoni.—Ent. xvii. 231.

,, minutata.—Newm.Hypsipites sordidata {elutatd).—YA'\\.. xvii. 257.

Erica Tetralix : Ckoss-leaved Heath.—109.

Bombyx riibi.—Newm., Sta.

Satuvma pavonia {carpini).—Newm., Sta.

Bomolocha /otitis (era ^salts').—Sta.

Boarmia cine/aria.—Newm., Sta.

Acidalia fuiitata.—Newm.,, contiguaria.—Ent. xi. 242.

Scodiona belgiaria.—Sta.

Selidosema ericetaria (plnmaria').

Pachycnemia Iiippocastanaria.—Newm., Sta.

Oporabia filigrammaria.—Sta.

Larentia ctvsiata.—Sta.

Eupithecia nanata.—Sta.

„ minutata.—Sta.

Eiiholia plumharia ( palumbaria').—Sta.

Erica cinerea : Common Purple Heath.— 108.

Nemeophila russula.—Newm.Bombyx rubi.—Newm., Sta.

Saturnia pavonia {carpini).—Newm., Sta.

Bomolocha fontis (crassalis).—Sta.

Boarmia cinctaria.—Newm., Sta.

Acidalia fumata.—Newm.„ contiguaria.—Ent. xi. 242.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LAR V^E. in

Erica cxn&i&s.— continued

.

Scodiona belgiaria.—Sta.

Selidosema ericetaria iplutnaria).

Pachycnemia hippocastanaria.—Newm., Sta.

Oporabia filigrammaria.—Sta.

Larentia ccvsiata.—Sta.

Eiipithecia nanata.—Sta.

„ minutata.— Sta.

Euholia pluinbai-ia (^palumbarid).— Sta.

Menziesia caerulea.—Scottish Menziesia.— i.

Anavta melanopa.

Armeria maritima : Thrift.— io8.

Sesia muscifonnls.—Newm., Buckl.

Triphcrna comes {orbond).—Ent. xv. 237.

Polm xanthomista.—Newm., Ent. Mag. x. 89.

Epiinda nigra.— Ent. xv. 237

Primula acaulis : Pkimrose.—in.Nemeobius liicina.—Newm., Sta.

A xylia putris.—(?).

Xylophasia riirea.—Newm., Sta.

Noctiia trianguluin.

Triphcem ianthina.—SlVi.

,, fimbria.—Sta.

Aplecta occulta.—Newm.Melanippe montanata.—Newm., Sla.

Primula veris : Cowslip.—89.

Nemeobius lucina.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Xylophasia rurea.—Newm., Sta.

TryphcFua orbona {subsequa).—Ent. Mag. ix. 57.

Lysimachia vulgaris : Loosestrife.—78.

Collix sparsata.—Newm., Sta., Ent. xii. 59.

Anagallis arvensis : Scarlet Pimpernel.—96.

Acidalia dilutaria {osscata~).—Ent. Mag. v. 96. In confine-

ment.

Fraxinus excelsior : Ash.— 109.

Sphinx liguslri.—Buckl.

Sciopteron tabaniformis (asili/onnis').—Newm. In the roots.

Cossus ligniperda. In the wood.Zeiizera pyrina {wsculi'). In the wood.PcEcilocampa populi.—Newm.Acronycta ligustri.—Newm., Sta.

Xanthia circellaris {/erruginea').—Ent. x\\\\. 301.Cirrhccdia xerampelina.—Newm., Sta.

Xylina semibrunnea.

Catocala fraxini.— Newm., Sta.

112 ZA/iVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Fraxinus excelsior—continued.

.Sclenia telralunavia {illustraria).—Sta.

Eitgonia (^Ennomos^/uscantaria.—Newm., Sta., Eiit. iii. 159.

In confinement.

Eiipithcaa fraxinata.—Newm.,,

exiguata.—Newm.Lohophora polycommata.—Newm.Cidaria siterala (^psittacatd). Ent. Mag. xvii. 170.

Ligustrum vulgare : Privet.—Si.

Sphinx ligiistri.—Buckl., New m., Sta.

Sesia andreniformis.—ExiX. xx. 102. On the fluwers.

Aci'onycta ligustri.—Newm., Sta.

Pericallia syringaria.—Newm., Sta.

Eugonia (Ennomos) fuscantaria.—Sta.

Hemerophtla abriiptaria.

Lohophora viretata.—Newm., Sta., Ent. x. 98.

Syringa vulgaris : Lilac.Sphinx ligustri.—Buck!., Newm., Sta.

Cossus ligniperda.—Newm.Zcuzera pyrina (cesculi).

TivniocatJipa gothica.—Sta.

Pericallia syringaria.—Newm., Sta.

Eugonia (^Ennomos') quercinaria {angulana').—Newm.Hemerophila abruptaria.—Newm., Sta. Also on rose.

Acidalia rusticata. In confinement.

Vinca major : Greater Periwinkle.* Cha-rocampa nerii.-—Sta.

Aplccta occulta.—Ent. Mag. xii. 66. In confinement.

Gentiana amarella : Autumnal Gentian.—.Si.

Eupithecia scabiosata {subunihrata').—Newm. On the flowers.

„ satyraia.—Newm. On the flowers.

Gentiana campestris : Field Gentian.—85.

Eupithecia scabiosata (stibiimbrata').—Newm. On the flowers.

,, satyrata.—Newm, On the flowers.

Menyanthes trifoliata : Buck-hean;Marsh Trefoil.-

106.

Acronrcta /nenyanthidis.—Ent. Mag. \ii. 88.

Cynoglossum officinale : Hound's-tongue.—75.

Callimorpha dominula.—Newm.„ hera.

Agrotis ripce.—Newm.Tceniocampa opima.—Ent. Mag. ix. 21.


Borago officinalis : Borage.Deiopeia piilchella.—Ent. xi. 186. In confinement.Agratis vestigialis (valligera).

Symphytum officinale : Comfket.—85.Aj-ctia caia (caja').—Ent. xiii. 172.

Myosotis palustris : Forget-me-not.—98.

Deiopeia pidchella.—Buck!., Ent. xi. 186 & 251, In confine-

ment.

Myosotis arvensis : Field Forget-me-not.—hiDeiopsia pidchella.—Newm., Sta.

Uropteryx sambucaria {sambucata).—Newm.

Lithospermum arvense : Corn Gromwell ; BastardAlkaket.—86.

Epunda lutulenta.—Newm.

Echium vulgare : Viper's Bugloss.—90.

Vanessa caidui.—^\xzV\.

DianthcTcia irregularis.—Newm

.

Calystegia Sepium : Great Bindweed.—33.

Sphinx convolvuli.—Buckl.

Convolvulus arvensis : Field Bindweed.—92.

Sphinx convolvuli.—Newm., Sta., Buckl., Elnt. Ma^. ix. 287.Agrophila trahealis {sulphuralls).—Newm., Sta.

Acontia luctuosa.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. v. 75.Acidalia emarginata.—Sta.

Eupithecia pumilata.—Sta.

Solanum dulcamara : Woody Nightshade.—56.

Acherontia atropos.—Buckl.

Lycium barbarum : Tea-tree.Acherontia atropos.—Newm., Sta.

Atropa Belladonna : Deadly Nightshade.—33.

A cherontia atropos.—Newm.

Hyoscyamus niger : Henbane.-—78.

Heliothispeltigera.—Newm., Sta.

Verbascum Thapsus : Mullein.—90.

Gortvna ochracea {flava^o).—Newm. In the stems.Eremobia ochroleuca.—Ent. Mag. xxi. 159.Cucullia verbasci.—Newm.

Verbascum Lychnitis : White Mullein.— 12.

Cucullia lychnitis.—Newm. On the flowers and seeds.

Verbascum nigrum : Black Mullein.—42.Cucullia lychnitis.—Newm. On the flowers and seeds.

,, verbasci.

114 LARVA COLLECTIXG AND BREEDING.

Verbascum Blattaria.—Moth Mullein.CnciiUia scrophnlarioe.—Newm., Sta.

Linaria Cymbalaria : Ivy-leaved Toad-flax.Epunda liehenea.^Ent. xxii. 139.

Linaria vulgaris : Yellow Toad-flax.—98.

Heliothis dipsacea.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ,\i. 257. On the

flowers and seeds.

Eupithecia linariata.—Xewm., Sta. On the flowers andseeds.

Scrophularia aquatica : Water Fig-wort.—70.

Hepiahts hiimidi.—Ent. xviii. 263.

Gortyna ochracea {^flavagi).—S'.a. In the stems.

CuctiUia verhasci.—Newm., Ent. ix. 233.

„ scrophularice.—Newm., Sta.

Scrophularia nodosa : Knotted Fig-wort.—106.

Cucullia scrophularits.—Newm., Sta., Ent. ix. 233.

,, verhasci.—Ent. ix. 233.

Digitalis purpurea : Foxglove.—107.

Melitcea atlialia.—Ent. xv. 153 ; xix. 156.

Gortyna ochracea (^flavago~).—Newm. In the stem,Triphcrna comes {orbona^.—Ent. xv. 237.Polia Jlavicincta (^flavocincta').—Ent. xix. 91.

Eiiplexia lucipara.—Sta.

Eupithecia piilchellata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Veronica serpyllifolia : Thyme-leaved Speedwell.— 11 r.

Aspilates gilvaria.—Ent. Mag. viii. I16. In confinement.

Veronica Chamsedrys : Germander Speedwell.—iii.

Melitira athalia.—Newm.

Euphrasia officinalis : Eye-bright.—in.Emtnelesia adcrqiiata {blandiata').—-Newm., Sta.

Bartsia Odontites : Red Bartsia.—iii.

Emmclesia unifasciata.—Ent. Mag. vi. 186 ; xi. I40.

Pedicularis palustris : Marsh Red Rattle.— 107.Spilosoma nrticce.—Ent. Mag. xxi. 207.

Rhinanthus Crista-galli : Yellow Rattle.—112.

Emmelesia alhulata.—Newm., Sta. On the seeds.

Melampyrum pratense : Cow-wheat.—105.Melita^a athalia.—Ent. xv. 153., Ent. Mag. xxiii. 21., Buckl.Eupithecia plumlieolata.—Newm., Ent. Mag. iii. 45. On the

flowers.

Melampyrum sylvaticum : Wood Cow-wheat.— 21.

Melitcfa athalia.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 21.


Mentha hirsuta : Hairy Mint.Spilosoma tirticce.—Newm. Also on other Menthce.

Epunda lutiilenta.—Ent. Mag. vi. 236. Also on other Men-thce.

Acidalia ornata. —Ent. Mag. ill. 44. In confinement on this

and other MentJuv.

Origanum vuJgare : Marjoram.— Sg.

Acidalia ornata.—Ent. Mag. iii. 44.Eupithecia scabiosata (jiihumbrnta').—Newm. On the flowers.

„ satyrata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Thymus Serpyllum : Thyme.— iir.

Lycoena anon.—-Newm., Buckl.

Zygcena pilosellce {j7iinos~) v. 7uihigena.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. v.

73.

Agrolis ashworthii.—Newm , Ent. xxiii. 6.

Hypenodes costcsstrigalis.—Ent. Mag. vi. 2 16. In confine-

ment.Acidalia ornata.—Sta.

,, rubiginata {jrubricata').

,, straminata.

Aspilates gilvaria.—-Ent. Mag. viii. I16.

Eupithecia consti ictata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Nepeta Glechoma : Ground Ivy.— 102.

Acidalia marginepunctata (^promittnta^.

Coremia ferriigata.—Newm.

Prunella vulgaris : Self-heal.— 112.

Eupithecia scabiosata (jiibumhrata').—Newm. On the flowers.

,, satyrata.—Newm. On the flowers.

Stachys sylvatica : Hedge Wound-\vort.— 108.

Acidalia strigilaria.—Newm., Sta.

Galeopsis Ladanum : Red Hemp Nettle.—73.

Emmelesia alchemillata.—Newm., Ent. xii. 128. On theseeds.

Galeopsis Tetrahit : Hemp Nettle.—112.

Emmelesia alchemillata,—Newm., Ent. xii. 128. On theseeds.

Lamium purpureum : Purple Dead-nettle.—no.Hepialw; lupulinus.—'Ntvim., Buckl. On the roots.

Arctia caia {caja^.—Newm.Plusia hractea.—Ent. xvi. 134.

TriphcFua ianthina.—Ent. xxii. 151.

,, fimbria.—Ent. xxii. 151.

Venilia viacularia {tnaculata) —Sta (?).

I 2

ii6 lARVA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Lamium album : White Dead-nettle.— loo.

Hepialns lupulinus.—Newm. On the roots.

„ humidi.—Newm., Sta. On the roots.

Callimorpha hera.

Arciia caia {caja).—Newm.Plusia chrysitis.—Newm.

„ iota.—Newm.„ bractea.—Ent. xvi. 134.

Triphcsna ianthina.—Ent. xxii. 15 I.

,, fimbria.—Ent. xxii. 151.

Cortiina i]uadrifiisciaria.— Ex\t. xiv. 1 1 7.

Ballota nigra : Black Horehound.—76.

Hepialus lupulinus.—Newm. On the roots.

„ humuli—Newm. On the roots.

Teucrium Scorodonia : VVoon Sage.— 108.

Melttcea athalia.—Newm.

Plantago : Plantain.Melitcea aurinia {artemis').—Sta.

„ ilia.

Callimorpha lura.

Nemeophila russula.—Sta.

„ planiaginis.— Newm., Sta.

Spilosoma fuliginosa.—Newm., Sta.

,, mendica.—Sta.

Leucania lithargyria.—Sta.

Laphygma exigjia.—Newm.Heliophobus hispidus.—Sta.

Hydrilla palustris.—Newm., Sta.

Caradrina alsines.—Sta.

Agrotis saiicia.—Newm., Sta.

,, aquilina.—Newm.Noctua ditrapezium. In confinement.

„ dahlii.

Pachnohia leucographa.—Sta.

Polia flavicincta Qfiavocincta').—Ent. xix. 128.

Hyria muricata {auroraria).—Sta,

Acidalia marginepunctata (^promutata').—Ent. xi^. 116

,, immidata.

Plantago major: Greater Plantain.— 112.

Melitoea athalia.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Carterocephalus pahvmon (^paniscus).—Newm., Sta.

Grammesia trigrammica {trilined).—Newm., Sta..

Hadena dissimihs (^suasa).—Ent. Mag. iii. 136; iii. 90.

confinement.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LAR V.E. 11

7

Plantago lanceolata: Narrow-leaved Plantain.— 112.

MeliUva rt//w//«.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.* Synlotms p/icgea.

Boinbyx castrensis.—StaNoctua umbrosa.—Ent. Mag. viii. 140. In confinement.

Plantago maritima : Sea Plantain.— 78.

Melitiva cinxia.—Ent. xiii. 38.

A gratis tritici.

Polia xant/wmisla.— 'Eni. x. 20., Ent. Mag. x. 89.

Plantago Coronopus : Buck's-horn Plantain.—96.

Melitcea cinxia.—Ent. xiii. 38.

Chenopodium Vulvaria : Stinking Goose-foot ; Orach.— 37-

Mamestra albicolon.—Newm.„ brassicce.—Newm.

Caradri7ia morpheus.—Ent. xiii. 93.Hadena trifolii {chmopodii).— '^z\\va.^ Sta.

„ atriplicis.— Newm., Sta.* „ peregrina.—Newm.Eupithecia subnctata.—Newm., Sta. On the flowers and

seeds.

Pelurgd comitata.—Newm. Sta.

Chenopodium album : White Goose-foot.— 109.Mamestra albicolon —Newm.

,, brassicce.—Newm.Caradrina morpheus.—Ent. xiii. 93.Agrotis corticea.—Ent. Mag. viii. 89. In confinement.

* Hadena peregrina.—Newm,,, irifolii (_c/ienopodii').—^tvim., Sta.

„ atriplicis.^Nevim., Sta.

Atidalia straminata. Also on other Chenopodia.

Eupithecia subnctata.—Newm., Sta. On the seeds andflowers.

Pehirga comitata.—Newm., Sta.

Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus : Good King Henkv.—97.Mamestra albicolon.—Newm.

,, brassicce.—Newm.* Hadena peregrma.—Newm.

,, tri/olii (chenopodii^ —Newm., Sta.

„ atriplicis—Newm., Sta.

Eupithecia subnotata.—Newm., Sta. On the seeds andflowers.

Pelurga comitata.—Newm., Sta.

Beta maritima : Beet.— 35.

Eupithecia subnotata.—Ent. xvi. 247.

1 18 lAA'VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Alriplex f atula : Okach.Mainestra albkolon.— Newm.Hadena atriplicis.—Newm.

„ trifolii {chenopodii').—Sta.

Eupitliecia suhiotata.—Newm

.

Atriplex laciniata : Sea Orach.—39.

Mainestra albkolon.—Newm.Hadena trifolii {chenopodii^.—Sta.

„ atriplicis.—Newm.Eupitliecia subnotata.—Newm.

Salsola Kali : Prickly Glass-wokt.— 58.

* Hadena peregrina.—Newm.

Polygonum aviculare : Knot-grass.— no.DeilepliUa livornica.—Buckl. In confinement.

Lithosia griseola.—Buckl. In confinement.

Bomhyx rubi.—Ent. xxi 275.

A cronycta rumicis.—Newm.Agrolis corticea.—Ent. Mag. viii. 89. In confinement.

,, puta.

„ cinerea.— (.'). On the roots.

„ siinulans (^pyrop/iila).—(?).

„ as/izvort/iii.—Ent. Mag. xvii. 135.

,, lunigera.—Ent. Mag. iii. 188.

Noctiia ditrapeziiim.—(?).

„ daJilii.—Q').

,, festiva.—Ent. Mag. xi. 139.

Tryphcena pronuba.—Ent. Mag. xvii.

Cerasiis erythrccephala.—(?).

Dasycampa rubiginea.—Ent. Mag. v.

Apiecta prasina (Jierbida').—Ent. xv. 42.

„ occulta.—Ent. Mag. xi. 157 :

ment.

,, advena.—Newm.Hadena trifolii {clietiopodii').—Ent. xv. 273.

,,atriplicis.—Newm. Also on other Polygona.

„ dissimilis {suasa').—Newm., Ent. Mag. iii. 90 ; iii.

136.

,, thalassina.—Newm.„ genistcB.—Newm. Also on other Polygona.

Xylomiges conspicillaris.—Ent. Mag. xii. 83.

Heliolhis umbra {tnarginatiis').—Newm. In confinement.* Acontia Solaris.— (?).* Plusia ni.—(?).

Dasydia obfuscaria.—Ent. Mag. viii. 20. In confinement.

Hyria muricata {auroraria').—Ent. ix. 198 ; xv. 41.

Timandra amataria,—Newm., Sta. Also on other I^olygona.

In

FOOD-PLANTS AND LAR V.E. 119

Polygonum aviculare—continued.

Lythrm piirpiu-aria.—Newm. Also on other Polygona.

Sterrha sacraria.—Newm. In confinement.Acidalia diliitaria {osseata').—Ent. xi. 19. In confinement.

„ virgularia.—Ent. xi. 91., Ent. Mag. ix. 246. In con-

finement.

„ straminata.—Ent. M;i<j. xi. 1 16. In confinement.

„ degenaria.—Ent. Mag. ix. 115. In confinement.

„ strigilata.—Ent. Mag. viii. 91 ; ix, 197. In con-

finement.

„ tvigeminata.—Ent. Mag. \iii.22 ; ix. 197. In con-

finement.

,, emutaria.—Ent. Mag. ix. 197. In confinement.

,, holoserkata.—Ent. Mag. ix. 197. In confinement.

,, remutaria. In confinement.

„ circellata.— Ent. Mag. iii. 90. In confinement.

„ siibsericeata.—Ent. Mag. iii. 90, In confinement.

„ contigiiaria.—Ent. Mag. iii. 69. In confinement.

,, hisetata.—Ent. Mag. v. 96. In confinement.

„ inornata. In confinement.Scoria lineata (dealbaUi).—Newm.

Polygonum Persicaria : Common Peksicaria.— 112.

Camptogramma fluviata.—Newm.

Rumex : Dock.Deilephila livornica.—Buckl. In confinement.Sesia chvysidiformis.—Ent. xvii. 23 ; xx. 105. On the roots.

Hepiahis sylvanus.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. iii. 136. On the

roots.

„ hmnitli.—Buckl. On the roots.

Spilosoma >/ie>idica.—'Se\\m., Sta.

„ lubrkepeda.—Newm.„ vienthastri.

Caradrina morpheus.—Newm

.

„ alsines.—Sta.

Xylophasia riirea.—Newm., Sta.

Diptetygia scahriuscitla Qpinastri^.—Newm., Sta.

Mamestra brassicce.—Newm.Agrotis saucia.—Newm., Sta.

„ cinerea. In confinement.

„ corticea.—Ent. Mag. viii. 89. In confinement.

,, obscura (j'avida).—Sta.

A'octua glareosa.—Newm.,, umbrosa.— Ent. Mag. viii. 140. In confinement.

„ irianguhim. In confinement.

„ dahlii. In confinement.

,, ditrapezium. In confinement.

„ c-nigrum. In confinement.


Rumex—con^!>i?/e(/.Triphcrna interjecta.—Newm

.

Mania typica.—Newm., Sta,

,, mama.—Sta.

Tcrniocampa gotlnca.—Ent. xix. 273.

„ incerta {instahilis).—Newm.Pachnobia ruhricosa.—Newm., Sta.

A nchocehs pisiacitia.—Sta,

Polta flavicincia (^flavocincta).—Ent. xix. 276.Epunda nigra.—Sta.

Aplecta prasi7ia (Jierhida') —Newm.,, nebiilosa.— Sta.

Hadena atriplicis.—Newm., Sta.

,, oleracea.—Newm.Calocampa vetusta.—Newm.Timandra amataria.—Newm., Sta.

Sterrha sacraria.—Newm

.

Rumex crispus : Curled Dock.— 109.Folia chi. In confinement,

Rumex pulcher : Fiddle Dock,—42.

Polycmmatus phlceas.—Newm.Aplecta occulta.—Ent. Mag. xii. 66. In confinement.

Rumex obtusifoHus: Broad-leaved Dock,—109.Polyommatus phlceas.—Newm

.

*II

virgaiirecF.—Sta.

Rumex aquaticus :— 37.

Polyommatus dispar.—Sta.

Rumex Hydrolapathum : Water Dock.—68.

Poh'cmmatits dispar.—Newm., Sta.

Rumex Acetosa : Sorrel.— 112.

Polyommatus phliTas.—Newm., Sta,, Buckl.*

„ virgaiirecc.—Sta.

Sesia chrysidiformis.—Ent. xvii. 23 ; xx, 105., Buckl. Onthe roots.

Inostatices.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.

„ geryon.—Q^.Zvgcvna exulans.— Buckl. In confinement.

* Syntomis phegea.

Leiicania comma.—Sta.

Agi Otis cmerea.

Noctua glareosa.—Newm.„ depiincta.—Newm., Sta.

Timandra amata7-ia.—Newm.


Rumex Acetosella : Sheep Sorrel.— 112.

Polyommatus phUras.—Newm., Buckl.

Sesia chrysidiformis.—Ent. xvii. 23 ; xx. 105 ,Buckl. On

the roots.

Ino geryon.—-Newm. In confinement.

„ sta'tices.—Newm.Leucania comma.—Sta.

Noctun glareosa

.

—Newm.,, depunda.—Newm,, Sta.

Eraslria venustula.— (?). Ent. xvi. 138.

Acidalia imitaria.—Newm. In confinement.

Euphorbia Esula.Agrotis cnrsoria.— Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ix. 14.

Euphorbia Cyparissias : Cypress Spurge.Deilephtla euphorbicE.—Buck!., Sta., Ent. Mag. xi. 73.

Minoa mnyinata Qeuphorbiatd).—Newm.

Euphorbia Paralias : Sea Spurge.—29.

Deilephila euphoyhuT.—V>wcV\., Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. xi. 73.

Minoa murinata (/uphorhiatd).—Sta.

Euphorbia portlandica : Portland Spurge.— 19.

Deilephila euplwrbiiv.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. xi. 73.

Euphorbia Peplus : Petty Spurge.—98.

Deilephila euphorliiiT.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. xi. 73. In con-

finement.

Minoa murinata (^euphorhiaia).—Sta.

Mercurialis perennis : Dog's Mercury.— 105.

Plusia bractea.—Ent. xiv. 222.

Ulmus montana : Wych Elm.— 93.

Vanessa polychloros.— Newm.Thecla w-alhum.—Newm., Ent. ix. 158.

Acvonycta alni.—-Ent. x. 74 ; xii. 251.

Xant'hia gilvago.— Ent. ix. 158 ;xviii. 319.

„ circellaris (^ferruginea').— ^nt.. xviii. 319.

Asihena blomeri (^blomeraria).—Ent. Mag. xi. 87.

Abraxas sylvata [itlmata').

Ulmus campestris : Elm.Vanessa c-albiun.—Newm., Sta.

,,polychloros.—Newm., Sta.

Thecla w-albmn.—Newm., Sta.

Smerinthus tilioe.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.Sesia asiliformis (cynipiformis').—Newm. In the bark.

Cosius ligniperda.—Buckl., Newm. In the wood.Zeuzera pyrina {irscuh').—Newm., Sta. In the wood.Eriogaster lanestris.—Newm.

12:! IAJ?VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Ulmus campestns—continued.

Phalera hucephala.—Newm.Tivniocampa stabiiis —Sta.

,,munda.—Sta.

Cerastis vaccinii.—Newm.Scopelosoma satellitia.—Sta.

Xantliia pjlvago.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. iii. 45. On the

seeds.

Calymnia diffinis.—Newm., Sta.

„ affirm.—Newm., Sta.

Miselia bhnaculosa.—Sta.

A mphipyra pyramidea.—Sta.

Asteroscopus nubeculosa.— (?)., Sta.

Metrocampa maygaritaria.—Newm.Selenia lunaria.—Sta.

Eugonia (Ennomos) quercinaria (jinqulari<r).—Newm.Biston hirtaria.—Sta.

Ampliidasys hehdaria.—Ent, xix. 254.

Tcplirosia crepuscularia.—Sta.

Abraxas sylvata (jilmata~).—Newm., Sta.

Hybernia defoliaria.—Ent. xxi. 212.

Anisopteryx o'scularia.—Newm.

Humulus Lupulus : Hop.—82.

Vatiessa c-album.—Newm., Sta., Buckl.

Hepialus humuli.—Sta. On the roots.

Dasychira pudibunda.—Newm., Sta.

Caradrina rnoipheus.—Ent. xiii. 93.

Axyba pulris.— P2nt. xiv. 44.

Hadena porphyrea {^satiira').—Ent. Mag. xxii. 63.

Habrostola iriplasia.—Newm.Pluiia gamma.—Newm.Hypena rostralis.—Sta.

Eiipitliecm assiniilata.—Ent. XN'iii. 142.

Urtica dioica: Stinging Nettle.— 112.

Vanessa c-album.—Buckl., Sta.

„ iirticce.—Newm., Sta.

„ antiopa—Newm.„ io.—Newm., Sta.

„ atalanta.—Newm., Sta.

Spilosotna mendtca.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 187.

,,menthaslri.—Ent. xxi. 215.

Axylia putris.—Ent. xiv. 44.Hadena oleracea.—Newm.Habrostola tripartita {iirticce).—Newm., Sta.

,, triplasia.—Newm., Sta.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV^. i

Uitica dioica—continued.

Plusia chrysitis.—Newm., Sta.

,. iota.—Newm., Sta.

,,pulchrina.—Sta.

„ interrogationis.—Newm., Sta.

Hypeiia proboscidalis.— Sta.

Venilia macularia {rnacuhita),— Sta.

Urtica urens : Smalt. Nettle.— 107.

Vanessa urticcs.—Newm.Plusia pulchrina.—Sta.

Parietaria officinalis : Pellitory-of-the-wall.—91.

Vanessa atalanta.—Buckl.

Acidalia rusticata.

Myrica Gale : Sweet Gale.— 79.

Acfonycta menyanthidis.—Newm., Sta.

,,euphorbice.—Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 83

Noctua suhrosea.—Newm., Sta.

Hadena contigua.—Ent. xvii. 171.

Xylini lambda.

Melanippe h.istata.—Newm.

Betula alba: Birch.— 107.

Vanessa antiopa.—Buck!., Newm.Tliecla rubi.—Ent. Mag. x. 212.

Sesia scoliiformis

.

—Buck!., Newm., Sta. In the bark.

„ culiciformis.—Buckl., Newm., Sta. In the bark.

Hylophila prasinana. — Sta.

Zeiizera pyrina (jesculi).—Buckl. In the wood.

Heterogeuea limacodes (Jestudo).—Ent. xi.x. 133.

„ asella Qasellus').—Ent. Mag. xvii. 169.

Psilura monacha.—Newm.Dasychira pudibunda.—Ent. xxi. 4,

Orgyia gonostigma.—Ent. xii. 106.

Trichiura crataegi.

Pcecilocampa populi.—Buckl.

Spibsoma mendica.—Ent. xviii. 194.

Endromis versicolor—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Drepana (^Plapt\pteryx) lacertinaria {lacertuhi).—Newm.,Sta.

,, ,,harpagula {sicuhi) —Sta.

,, ,,falcataria (falcula).—Newm., Sta.

„ ,,binaria (Jjamula).—Newm., Sta.

Dicranura bicuspis.—Buckl., Sta.

Stauropus fagi.—Newm., Sta., Ent. ix. 270.

Lophopteryx camelina.—Newm., Sta.

,, carmelita.—Newm., Sta.

124 lAJ^VA COLLECTIS'G AMD BREEDING.

Betula alba—confinued.

Notodonta hicolor.—Buckl.

„ dictceoides.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

„ dromedarius.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

,, trilophus.—Sta.

,, trimacula {aodonea).—Sta.

CymatopJiora duplaris.—Newm., Sta.

„ fluctursa.—Newm., Sta,

Asphalia diluta.—Newm.,, flavicornis.—Newm., Sta.

Moma (^Diphtherd) orw;.—Newm.Demas coryli.—Sta.

Acronycta Uporina.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. xi. 158.

,,abii.—Sta.

,, auricoma.—Sta.

„ euphorhiiv.—Ent. Mag. vii. 83. In confinement.Nodua ditrapeziiim.—Ent. xi. 141. In confinement.

„ triangtilum

.

Cosmia palacea (^fiilvago).—Newm., Sta.

Calymnia trapezina.—Sta.

Apleda nebiilosa.—Newm.„ timta.—Newm., Sta.

Hadena contigua.—Newm.Xylina furdfera (j:onformis).—Newm.

,, lambda.

Asteroscopus mibeculosa.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Pechypogon harbalis.—Sta.

Breplws parthenias.—Newm., Stn.

Metrocampa margaritaria.—Newm., Sta.

Eurymene dolobraria.—Sta.

Seknia tetralunaria (Jl/iislraria').—Newm., Sta.

Eugonia [Ennomos) autiimnaria Qalniaria^.— Nzytm., Sta.,

Ent. ix. 278, Ent. iNIag. iii. 159.

,, ,, ahiiaria {tiliaria').— Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag.iii. 159-

„ „ erosaria.— Newm., Sta.

,, „ querdnaria {angiilaria').—Newm., Ent. Mag.iii. 159.

Amphidasys strataria (jirodomaria).—Newm., Sta.

„ betularia.—Newm., Sta.

Boarmia repandata.—Newm., Sta.

„ genimaria (j-/iomboidarin'~).—Newm.„ abietaria.—Ent. xxii. 287.

Tephrosia consonaria.—Newm., Ent. Mag. ix. 17.

,, crepiiscidaria.—Ent. xix. 271.

„ biundularia.—Ent. xix. 159.

., luridata {extersarid).—Newm., Sta.

,. pundularia.—Newm., Sta.

FOOn.PLANTS AND LARV^. 125

Betula alba—continued.

Cleora angularia (viduaria)— (?).

Geometra papilionaria.—Newm., Sta.

lodis lactearia.—Sta.

Zonosoma (^Epliyrd) pendularia.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag.X. 71.

Ast/iena sylvata.—Ent. xiii. 14.

Cabera pusaria.—Newm., Sta.

„ rotundaria.—Sta.

Fidonia carbonaria

.

—Newm

.

Hybernia aiirantiaria.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. \iii. 90.

„ marginaria {progemmaria).—Sta.

Cheimatobia brumata.

,, boreata.—Newm., Sta.

Oporabia aiitumyiaria.—Sta.

Melanippe hastata.—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria miata.—Newm., Sta.

,, ti'iincata (riissaici).— Newm.„ testata.—Newm.

Alnus glutinosa : Alder.— 109.Sesia sphegifonnis.—Buckl., Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. x. 161.

In the stems and suckers.

„ culiciformis.—Sta. In the bark and wood.Hylophila prasinana.—Sta.

Zeuzera pyrina (jvscuh').

Drepana XPlatypteryx) fakataria (^falc!tla).—?)ia..

Dicratiura bicnspis.—Buckl., Newm,Lophopteryx camehna.— Buckl.Notodonta dromcdarius.—Ent. xvii. 35., Buckl.Acronycta alni.—Newm., Sta.

„ hporina.—Ent. xix. 133., xxii. 1 15.

Cymatophova duplaris.—Ent. Mag. xvii. 1 7 1.

Xylina lambda.

„ furcifera iconformis).— 'i^c\sm... Ent. Mag. viii. 1 14Epione apiciaria.— Sta.

Eugonia {Emiomos) autiimnaria (ahiiaria).—Sta.

Amphidasys betularia.—Ent. xix. 254.Tephrosia crepuscularia.—Sta.

„ puHctuIaria.—Sta.

Zonosoma orhicidaria.—Sta,

Asthena sylvata.—Sta., Ent. xii. 29G.

„ luteata.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 109 ; xxiii. 141.Eiipisteria obliterata (Juperata^.Cabera pusaria.—Ent. xix. 43.

„ rotundaria.—(?).

„ exanthemaria.—Newm.Macaria alternata.—Ent. Mag. xvii, 170.

1 :6 LA R \ 'A COLLECTIXG AND BREEDING.

Alnus glutinosa—continued.

Eupithecia exiguata.—Newm.Hypsipetes trifasciata {iinpluviata),—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag.

vii. 42 ; ix. 248.

„ sordidata {^elutata).—Sta.

Melanthia bicolorata (rubiginatd).—Sta.

Cidaria miata.—Newm., Sta.

Carpinus betulus : Hornbeam.— 35.

Calymnia trapezinn.—Newm.Metrocampa margaritana—-Newm., Sta.

Teplirosia consonaria.—Newm

.

Asthena candidata—Sta.

Hybernia tnarginaria(^pj-ogemmaria'),—Newm.

,, defoliaria,—Newm.,,

aiirantiaria.

Cheimatobia brumata.—Newm

.

Oporabia dilutata.—Newm.

Corylus avellana: Hazel.Smerinthustilics.—Ent. xxi. 23:.

Hylophila prasinavia.—Sta.

Dasychira fascelina—Newm.„ pudihunda.—Newm.

Orgyia gonostigma.—Newm., Sta.

„ aniiqua.

Bombyx nemtria v. bilineatus.

Lophopteryx canielina.—Sta.

Phalera bucephala.—Newm., Sta.

Detnas coryli.—Newm.Acronycta alni.—Ent. ix. 232 ; x. 141 ; xv. 291.

Hndena contigua.—Sta.

Epione paralellaria {vespertaria).—Newm., Sta.

,, apictaria.—Newm.Geometra papilionaria.—Sta.

Asthena candidata.

Cabera pusaria.—Newm.Hybernia defoliaria.—Newm.Cheiviatobia brumata.—Newm.

Quercus Robur : Oak.—105.Thecla quercus.—Newm., Sta.

Sesia asiliformis (cynipiformis).—Biickl., Newm,Sta. In

the bark.

Hylophila prasinana.— Sta.

,, bicolorana {cjuercana').—Sta.

Lithosia lurideola Qomplanula').—Buckl. " Said to feed onlichen."

Cossus ligniperda.— Buckl., Newm., Sta. In the wood.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARVA^..

Quercus Robur—continued.

Heterogenea asella {asellus).—Newm., Sta.

„ limacodes (Jestudo).—Newm., Sta.

Nola confusalis {cristtdalis).—Newm., Sta.

,, strigiila.— Buck!., Newm., Sta , Ent. Mag. ix. 15.

Porthesia similis (aurijliid).—Sta.

* Laria l-tugrum (v-nigriint).— Sta.

Psilura monacha.—Newm., Sta.

Dasychira pudibunda.—Newm

.

Orgyia gonostigma.—Newm., Sta.

„ antiqua.

Trichiura cratcegi.—Ent. xv. 234., Ent. Mag. xviii. 38.

PiTalocampa populi.—Sta.

Drepana (^Platypteryx) harpagula {siciila).—Sta.

„ „ falcataria (^falaila).—Sta.

„ ,, hiyiaria (Jiamula).— Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Stauropiisfagi.—Buckl., Newm., Sta., Ent. ix. 270.

Lophopteryx camelina.—Buckl., Newm.Notodonta irepida.—Newm., Sta.

„ chnonia.— Buckl., Newm., Sta.

,, triinacula {dodoncsa). —Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Phalera iucep/iala.—Sta.

Asphalia dilnta.—Newm., Sta.

„ ridens.—Newm., Sta.

Moma orion.—Newm., Sta.

Demas coryli.—Sta.

Acronycta aceris.—Newm.„ alni.—Sta., Ent. ix. 204 ; xi. 141.

,,aurkomti.^Ent. Mag. iii. 261.

Tirniocampa gothica.—Newm.„ incerta {instabilis) —Newm., Sta.

„ stabilis.—Newm., Sta.

„ minma.—Newm., Sta.

,,munda.— Newm.

„ pulverulenta (cruda).—Newm., Sta.

Anchocelis rufina.—Newm.. Sta.

Cerastis vaccinii.—Newm., Sta.

Scopelosoma satellitia.—Newm., Sta.

Dasycampa rubiginea.—Sta.

Oporina croceago.—Newm., Sta.

Cosniia palacea (^fulvagd).—Newm., Sta.

Dicycla 00.—Newm., Sta.

Calymnia tvapezina.—Newm., Sta.

Hadena protea.—Sta.

,, contigua.—Newm.Xylina ornithopus (j-hizolitha^—?>1z..., Ent. Mag. xii. 140.

„ socia (j>etrificatd).—Newm., Sta.

semibriinnea.


Quercus Robur—continued.

Agriopis aprilina.—Newm., Sta.

Asteroscopus nubeciilosa.—Buckl.

,,sphinx (cassinea).—Newm., Sta.

Amphipyra pyramidea.—Newm., Sta.

Catephia akhymista.—Newm.Catocala sponsa.—Newm., Sta.

,,promissa.—Sta.

Ophiodes hinaris.—Newm., Sta.

Zanclognatha einortiialis. Dead leaves preferred.

Pechypogon barhalis.—Sta.

Brephos parthenias.—Sta.

Herminia derivalis. On the dead leaves in confinement.

Uropteryx samhucaria {sambucatd).—Sta.

Metrocampa margaritaria.—Newm., Sta.

Eiirymene dulobraria.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. xi. 158.

Selenia liinaria.—Sta.

„ tetraliinaria Qi//itsiraria'). —Ent. xxii. 73., Newm.,Sta.

Odontopera bidentata.—Sta

Engonia (^Ennomos) alniaria (Jiliarid).—Newm., Sta.

,, „ aiitumnaria {nlniartd).—Ent. ix. 278.

,, „ erosaria.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. iii. 159.

,, „ qiurcinaria Qingularid).—Newm., Sta.

Himera pennaria.—Newm., Sta.

Phigalia pedaria (^pilosarid).—Newm., Sta.

Nvssia hispidaria.—Newm.Amphidasys straiaria Q prodoinarid).—Newm., Sta.

,,betttlaria.—Newm.

Boarmia gemmaria {rhomhoidarid).—Sta,

,,roboraria.—Newm., Sta.

„ consortaria.—Newm., Sta.

Tephrosia crepusciilaria.—Ent. xix. 268 ; Ent. Mag. viii.

209.

„ biundularia.—Newm.,. consonaria.—Ent. Mag. ix. 17,

Phorodesma pustulata (bajularid).—Sta.

Hemithea strigata (thymiaria).—Sta.

Zonosoma (^Ephyrd) porata.—Sta.

,,(Ephyrd) pundaria.—Newm,, Sta., Ent. Mag. viii.

183.

Cabera pusarm.—Newm.Hyhernia rupicapraria.—Newm.

„ leucophwaria.—Newm., Sta.

,, aiirantiaria.—Newm., Sta.

„ marginaria (^progemmaria).—Sta.

„ defoliaria.—Newm.


Quercus 'Rob-ar—conlimicd.

A nisopUryx cescularia.—Newm.Cheimatobia briimatn.—Ent. xxi. 188.

Oporahia dibttata.—Newm., Sta.

Eiipithecia irriguatn.—Ent. xviii. 109., Ent. Mag. vii. 15 ;

viii. 69.

,, ahlirevHita.—Newm., Sta.

,, doJoneata.—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria siterata (^psittacata).—Newm., Ent. Mag. xi. 158.

„ miata.—Newm., Sta.

Castanea sativa : Chestnut.Dasychiya pudihunda.—Newm.Saturnia pavonia {carpini^.—Ent. ix. 160. In confinement.

Acronycta alni,—Ent. xii. 270 ; xv. 235., Ent. Mag. xix. 90.

Henninia cribralis. On the dead leaves in confinement.

Fagus sylvatica : Beech.—64.

Hyloplnia prasinana.—Sta.

Nola confitsalis {cristulalis).—Ent. Mag. xvii, 169.

Heterogenea limacodes {Jestiido).—Sta.

,,asella {asellus).—Buckl., Sta., Ent. Mag. x. 70.

* Laria l-nigriim (v-nigruni).—Sta.

Drepana (^Platypteryx) cuUraria {jtiiguiculii).—Newm., Sta,

Dicranura biciispis.—Sta.

„ furciila.—Ent. xxi. 275.

Stauropiisfagi.—Buckl., Sta., Ent. ix. 270,

Acronycta alni.—Ent. Mag. xvii. 171.

Ort/wsia macUenta.—Newm., Sta.

Scopelosoma satellitia.—Sta.

Xanthia aurago.—Newm., Sta.

Brephos partlienias.—Sta.

Angerona priinaria.—Newm.Meti-ocampa margariiaria—Sta.

Euryniene dolobraria.—Newm.Selenia tretralunaria {illHstraria').—Sta.

Crocallis elinguaria.—Newm.Eugonia {^Ennomos) autumnaria (alniaria').—Newm.Ampkidasys betularia.—Ent. xix. 254.Tephrosia consnnaria.—Newm., Sta.

Geometra papilionaria.—Sta.

Zonosoma linearia {trilineayid).—Sta.

Enpithecia irriguata.—Ent. Mag. vii. 1 5.

Salix alba : White AVillow.—85.

Vanessa antiopa.—Newm., Sta.

,,polyckloros.—Sta., Ent. xxi. 255.

Smerintlms ocellatiis.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Earias chlorana.—Sta. In the shoots.

K


Salix 2\\iSi— continued.

Cossus ligniperda.—Newm., Sta. In the wood.Leticoma salicis.—Sta.

Lasiocampa quercifolia.—Newm., Sta.

Saturnia pavonia {carpini').—Newm.Drepana {^Platypteryx) falcataria (^fakula).—Sta.

Dicranura vinula.—Newm., Sta., Buckl,

„ fiuxula.—Ent. xviii. 183.

Notodonta dictcea.—Sta.

„ ziczac.—Buckl.Demas coryli.—Sta.

Acroiiycta leporina.—Ent. xix. 133.

„ menyanthidis.—Ent. Mag. ix. 43.

,, alni.—Sta.

Noctua subrosea.—Ent. Mag. xi. 67. In confinement.Tceniocampa incerta {instabilis).—Sta.

,,gracilis.—Sta.

A mphipyra pyramidea.—Sta.

Orthosia upsilon.—Newm., Sta.

Anchocelis litura.—Sta.

Cleoceris viminnlis.—(?).

Xylina semibmnnea.Gonoplera libatrix.—Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 117.

Anarta myrtilli.—Ent. Mag. vii. 88. In confinement.Catocala nupta.—Sta.

Madopa salicalis.— Sta.

Epione apiciaria.—Newm., Sta.

Sdetiia bihinaria (Jllunarid).—Newm., Sta.

Amphidasys behdaria.— Ent. xix. 254.Tephrosia crepuscularia.—Sta.

Acidalia inornata.—Newm. On the low shoots.

Scodiona belgiaria.—Ent. xvii. 5.

Laientia ccesiata.—Ent. Mag. vii. 88. In confinement.Eupithecia vulgata.—Sta.

Lobophora S'.xalisata {sexalata).—Sta.

Hypsipetes ruberata.—Sta.

Cidaria populata.—Ent. Mag. vii. 88. In confinement.

Salix fragilis : Crack Willow.—84.Noctua subrosea.—Ent. Mag. xi. 67. In confinement.Orthosia upsilon.—Newm.

,, lota.—Newm.Catocala nupta.—Newm.

Salix triandra : Three-stamened Willow.—63.Sesiaformiciformis.—Buckl., Sta. In the wood.Troclnlium crahroniformis {benibecifoi-mis').—(?). In the wood.Earias chlorana.—(?). In the shoots.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LAR V^E. 1 3

1

Salix viminalis : Osiek.—8c.

Vaneisa polychloros.—Newin

.

Sesia formiciformis.—Buckl., Newm., Sta. In the wood.Trochiltum crabroniforniis (bembeciforniis).—Newm, In the

wood.Earias clilorana. In the shoots.

Dicrannra fuixula.— Buckl.

Folia c///.—Ent. Mag. i.\. 290. In confinement.

Salix cinerea : Sallow.—102.

Theda qiiercus.—Ent. x. 285.—(?).

Srmrintlms ocellatus—Buckl., Ent .xiii. 172.

,,popiili.—Sta.

Trochilium crabroniformis {bembeciformis). Sta., Ent. Mag. x.

161. In the wood.Sarothripiis undulanns {revayana).—Sta.

Ocneria dispar.—Ent. xviii. 243.

Dasychira pudibunda.—Ent. xxii. 151.

Orgyia antiqua.—Buckl. In confinement,

,, gonostigma.—Ent. xii. 106.

Trichiura cratcegi.—Sta.

Lasiocampa ilicifolia.—Sta.

Dicranura fiircula.—Buckl., Newm.,, vinitla.—Buckl., Sta.

Fterostoma (^Ftilodontis) palpina.—Buckl, Newm.,^ta.

Notodonta zicsac.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Fygcera ciirtula.—Sta.

„ pigra (j-eclnsa).—Newm. Sta.

Acronycta Uporina.—Ent. xix. 133 ; xxii. 114.

„ euphorbia;.—Ent. Mag. vii. 83. In confinement.

„ alni.—Sta.

Caradrina morphetis.—Ent. Mag. x. 254.Tryphcena comes (orbona).—Newm. After hj-bernation.

Noctua brunnea.—Newm.,, triangulum. In confinement.

„ /estiva.—Newm.„ ditrapezium. In confinement.

,, castama v. neglecta.—Ent. Mag. xxii. 242.

Xanthiafidvago {cerago').—Ent. Mag. vi. 262.

„ flavago {silago').—Ent. Mag. vi. 262.Clearis viminalis.—Newm.Folia clii.—Ent. Mag. ix. 290. In confinement.Aplecta occulta.—Ent. Mag. xii. 66. In confinement.Asteroscopus spliinx (cassineci).—Sta.

Madopa salicalis.—Sta.

Brep/ws notha.—Sta.

K 2


Salix cinerea—continued.

Eugonia {Ênnomos) autitmnaria Qdniaria).—Ênt. Mag. iii.

159. In confinement

„ „ alniaria(tiliarid).—Ent. Mag. iii. 1 59. Inconfinement.

Zonosoma (Êphyj-a) ai-hicitlaria.—Sta., Ent. x. 98.

Nyssia zonaria.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 61.

Acidalia nMginata [ruhricatd).

Cabera exanthemaria.—Newm., Sta.

Macaria notata.—Newm.. Sta.

Numeria pulveraria.—Newm., Sta.

Fidonia carbonaria.—Newm.Lomaspilis marginata.—Newm., Sta.

Oporabia filigrammaria.—Newm.Eupithecia Umtiata.—Newm., Sta. In the catkins.

„ exignctta.—Newm.Lobophora halterata (Jiexapterata).—Newm., Sta.

Hypsipetes ruberata.— Sta.

,, sordidata {ehitaUi).—Newm., Sta.

Eucosmia iiridutata.—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria tritncata (russatd).—Newm.,, testata.—Newm.„ populata.—Newm., Sta. In confinement.

Salix Caprea : (Sallow).—89.Vanessa polychloros.—Newm.Apatura iris.—^Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Smerintlnis oce//a/us.— 'Ent. xiii. 17:!, Buckl.

„ popiili.—Sta.

Trochiliumcrabroni/ormis [bemleciformis').—Buckl, Sta., Ent.

Mag. X. i6i. In the wood.Sarothripus undulanns (revayana').—Sta.

Ocneria dispar.—Ent. xviii. 243.Dasyckira piidibunda.—Ent. xxii. 151.

Orgyia antiqua—Buckl. In confinement.

Trichiura cratcegi.—Sta.

Lasiocampa ilicifolia.—Sta.

Dicranura furcula.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

„ I'imila.—Buckl , Sta.

Pterostoma (^Ftilodontis') palpina.—Buckl,, Newm., Sta.

NofoJotita dictwa.—Newm.„ dictcEoides.—Ent. xxi. 318.

„ ziczac.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Pygcera cvrtula.—Sta.

„ anachoreta.—Newm.„ pigra (rechisa).—Newm., Sta.

Acronycta leporina.—Ent. xix. 133 ; xxii. 1 15.

«/;«.—Sta.

FOOD-PLANTS AXD LARVAE. 133

Salsx Caprea

—

centiuued.

Ciradrina iuorpkjus.-^¥.\-\i. Mag. x. 254.

Agrotis asAwoj-l/iii.—Newm. In confinement.

Trvpkivna comes {orhona~).—Newm. After hybernation,

Noctua stigmjtka {i-homfmdea).—^^\\m.. After hybcrruation.

,, brutmea.—Newm.„ triaiigiilum. In confinement.

„ ffstiv.i.—Newm.„ ditrapezium. In confineraent,

„ castanea v. fiegkcta.—'Ent. Mag. xxii. 242-

„ aitgur.—Newm. After hybernatioiu

TcEiiiacampa gothica.—Newm.,, incerta (Jnstabilie).—Newm.„ epima.—Newm,., Sta.

„ gracilis.—Newm.Orthosia lota.—Ncwra.Cerasiis raccin/i.^Newm.Xanthia fukago {cerogo).—Newm., Sta., EnL Mag. vi. 262,

In the catkins ;afterwards on various low plants.

„ fiavagi (silage).—Newm., Ent. Mag. vi. 262.

„ circellaris QferTuginea').—Newm. On the buds.

Tethea. retnsa,—Newm,, Sta.

P@!ia chi—Newm., Ent. Mag. ix. 290,

Cleeceris viiiiinalis.—Newm.Aplecta nehulosa.—Newm. After hybernatiffio.

„ occulta.—Ent. Mag, xii. 66. In confinement,

Hadena aditsta.—Newm.,, glauca.—Newm.„ rectilinea.—Newm.

Asteroscopus sphinx (cassifiga^.—Sla.

Br£phos nothcu—Sta.

Gomptera libalrix.—Newm.Madopa salicalh.—Sta.

Zonssiina {^Ephyrd) erbiciilari.i.—Sta,, Ent. x. 98,

Nyssii zoiiaria.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 6r.

Acidali-i rabiginata [rubticata').

Cahtra exanllumiria,—Newm,, Sta.

Alacavia altirnata.—Newnt., Sta.

„ notata.—Newm., Sta.

Numeriu pulveraria.—Newm., Sta.

Fidonia carbenaria.—Newm.Lomaspilis marginata,—Newm., Sta.

Oporalna filigrammai ia.—Newm.Eiipithecia tenuiaia.—Newm., Sta. In the catkins.

„ exiguata.—Newm.Lobephova sexalisata (^sexalata).—Newm.

„ halterata Q/iexapterata).—Newm., Sta.

„ carpinata {lobiilata').—Newm., Sta.

134 lARl'A COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Salix Caprea—continued.

Hypsipetes ritberata.—Sta.

„ sordidata {eliitatii). —Newm., Sta.

Eucosmia undulata.—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria truncata [russatd).—Newm.,, testata.—Newm.„ populata.—Newm., Sta. In confinement.

Salix repens : Dwarf Sallow.—92.

Callunarpka domimda.—Ent. xii. 79.Hadena contigua.—Ent. Mag. xvii. 171.Noctua c-nigriim.

„ triangulum.

„ ruhi.

„ baia (baja).

,, xatitliographa.

Populus: Poplar.Apalura iris.—Sta.

Smerintlitis ocellatits.—Sta.

„ popnli.—Sta., Buckl.Trochiliitm apiformis.—Newm., Sta., Ent. M.-\g. x. 161.

the stems and wood.Co^ms ligniperda.—Sta. In the wood.Zeuzera pyrina (^cescidi').— Buckl. In the wood.Heterogenea asella [asellus).—Sta.

Leiicoma salicis.—Sta.

Pcvcilocampa popiili.—Newm., Sta.

Dicranura bifida.—Buckl., Sta.

„ vinula.—Newm., Sta.

Glyphisia crenata.—Newm., Sta.

P'teyosioma {Piilodontis') palfrina.—Buckl., Newm., Sta.

Lophopieryx camelina.—Buckl

.

Natodcmta trilopkus.—Sta., Buckl.

„ ziczac.—Newm., Sta.

Pygcera mrtula.—Newm., Sta.

Acronycta megacephah.—Newm., Sta.

Tceniocampa populeti.—^Newm.Pachnobia rubricosa.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 7.

Orthosia upsihn.—Sta., Ent. Mag. ix. 248.Tethea s^itlitiisa.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ix. 248.

,, retiisa.—Sta.

Ccttocala fraxini.—Sta.

„ mtpta.—Sta.

Epione apiciaria.—Newm., Sta.

Amphidasys betularia—Ent. xix. 253.Tephvosia crapnscidaria.—Sta.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LARV^. 13S

Populus nigra (pyramidalis) : LoMBARDY Poplar.Smerinthus populi.—Newm.Trochilimn crabroniformis (bejiihecifonnis). In the bark and

wood.Leucoma salicis.—Newm.

Populus alba : White Poplar.—60.Smerinthus ocellatiis.—Ent. xviii. 181.

Populus nigra : Black Poplar.Smerinthus ocellatus .—Bu ck 1

.

Trochilium apiformis.—Buckl. In the bark and wood.

„ crabroniformis {bembeciformis').—Ent. xx. 100.

In the bark and wood.Sdopteron iabaniformis (iiespiformis).—Sta., Ent. Mag. X.

161. In the stems and roots.

Trichiura cratcegi.—Ent. xv. 234.Bombyx qiiercus.—Ent. Mag. xix. 237.Dicranura vinula.—Buckl.Glyphisia crenata.—Buckl.Notodonta dictcea.—Newm.Pygarra anachoreta.—Newm.Cymatophora or.—Newm., Sta.

Populus tremula : Aspen.—100.

r \inessa polychloros.—Newm.Smerinthus ocelhitus.—Ent. xiii. 108.

„ populi.—Sta.

Trochilium apiformis.—Newm., Ent. Mag. x. 16 r. In the

wood.Sciopteron tabaniformis (asiliformis).—Newm., Sta. In the

bark and wood.Drepana (Plaiypteryx) falcafaria (^fakula').—Sta.

Dicranura bifida.—Buckl., Newm.Pterosioma {Ptilodontis') palpina.—Buckl.Notodonta dictcea.—Ent. xiii. 108., Buckl.

,, trilophus.—Sta.

Pygcera curtula.—Newm.„ pigra Qreclusa').—F-.nt. xvi. 37.

Cymatophora octogesima (ocularii).—Newm., Sta.

„ or.—Newm.Tceniocampa populeti.—Newm., Ent. xii. 165.

„ munda.—Sta.

Xanthia circellaris (J'erruginea).—Newm.Tethea subtusa.—Ent. xiii. 108.

Brephos notha.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ix. 41.Catocala fra.xini.—Sta.

Lobophora halterata (hexapterata).—Newm., Sta.

Cidaria silaceata.—Sta.

„ testata,—Sta.


Empetrum nigrum : Black Crowberry.—71.

Acidalia contiguaria. Ent, Mag. iii.69. In confinement.

Juniperus communis: Juniper—73.

Eiipithecia lielveticaria.—Newm., Sta.

,, „ V. arceuthata.—Newm., ,

pusillata.—S ta.

„ indigata.—Newm.„ sohrinata.—Newm., Sta.

Thera jiiniperata.—Newm., Sta.

„ smiulata.—Newm., Sta.

Taxus baccata: Yew.—48.

Boarmia abietaria.—Ent. x.xii. 287. In confinement,

Pinus : Fir.Sphinx pinastri.—Sta.

Psilura monacha.—Sta.

Boarmia abietaria.—Newm., Sta., Ent. xxii. 287.

Tephrosia crepuscularia.—Ent. xix. 271.

„ biundularia.—Ent. xix. 271.

Macaria liturata.—Newm., Sta.

Eiipithecia indigata.—Sia.

Thera firmata.—Newm., Sta.

Pinus sylvestris : Scotch Fik.— 12.

Panolis piniperda.—Newm., Sta.

Ellopia prosapiaria Qfasciaria).—Newm., Sta.

Bupalus piniaria.—Newm. , Sta.

Thera variata.—Newm., Sta.

Pinus abies : Spruce Fir.Eupithecia lariciata.—Newm

.

„ togata.—Ent. xviii. 145., Ent. Mag. xii. 157.

In the cones.

Larix Europsea.—Larch.Tephrosia biundularia.—Sta.

Eupithecia lariciata.—Newm.

Listera ovata : Twavblape — 102.

Spilosoma fuliginosa.—Ent. IMag. x.xi. 158.

Iris Pseudacorus : Yellow Iris.—112.

Spilosoma urticce.—Ent. Mag. xxi. 207.

Nonagria sparganii.—Ent. xiii. 49. In the stems of this

and other Iris.

Apamea leucostigma {fibrosa').—Newm., Sta. In the stems

„ ophiogramtna. In the stems.Calocampa vetusta.

Plusiafestuccs.—Ent. xix. 209.

FOOD-PLANTS AND LA R V^. 1 3

7

Scilla nutans: Squill; Bluebell.— 109.

Noctua uiiibrosa.—Ent. xviii. 210. On the seeds.

Juncus : Rush.Erebia epiphron {cassiopi).—Newm.

Juncus lamprocarpus.— 109.

Ccenobia rufa {clespcdd). In the stems.

Luzula vernalis (pilosa) : Broad-leaved Wood-rush.106.

Hesperia sy/vanus.—Buckl.Leucania turca.—Newm., Sta.

Xylophasia scolopacina.—Newm.Herminia cri/iralis.—Ent. Mag. x. 103.

Luzula campestris : Field Wood-rush ; Cuckoo-grass.105.

Leucania tiirca.—Newm., Sta.

Xylophasia scolopacina.—Newm. (?)

Luzula maxima : Wood-rush.— 105.Tviphtrnafimbria.—Ent. xiv. 155.

Typha latifolia : Reed Mace.—79.Nonagria cannce.—Newm., Sta.

„ sparganii.—Ent. xiii. 51. In the stems.

„ arundinis {typhce').—Newm., Sta. In the stems.

,, brevilinca.

Typha angustifolia.—57.

Nonagria sparganii.—In the stems.

Sparganium ramosum : Bur-eeed.— 18.

Nonagria sparganii.—Ent. xiii. £o. In the stems.

Sparganium simplex : Unbranched Bur-reed.—92.Plusia festuav.— Sta.

Cyperus longus : Cyi'kess-root.—7.

Hydrcccia micacea.—Newm., Sta.

Scirpus.Nonagria brevilinea.—Ent. x. 17. In the stems.

Scirpus csespitosus.— loi.

Xylophasia scolopacina.—Sta. Also on other Scirpi.

Rynchospora alba : White Beak-rush.—75.Ccenonympha typhon Qilavus").—Buckl,

,, „ „ V. rolhliebi.—Newm.

Cladium germanicum : Twig-rush.—37.Lcelia ccenosa.—Sta., Ent. xii. 79.Apamea leucostigma (^fibrosa).—Ent. Mag. xx. 176,

138 lAJ^l^A COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Carex : Sedge.Lcelia ccowsa.—Ent. xiii. 171.

Arsilonche alhevenosa (^veno^d).—Ent. xiii. 172.

Leucania iinpiira.—Sta.

Tapinostola fulva.—Newm., Sta. In the stems.

Hydrcecia micacea.—Newm. At the roots.

Hydrelia unctila {unca').—Sta.

Pliisia festuccc.—Sta.

Apamea iinanimis.

Carex glauca.— 106.

Phothedes captiunciila.—Ent. Mag^. xviii. 76.

Carex sylvatica.—83.

Leucania littoralis.—Newm. In confinement.Hydrelia uncula {iinca).—Ent. Mag. vi. 232. In confine-

ment.Herminia cribralis.— Ent. x. I03.

Carex paludosa.—70.

Tapinostola fulv. I.—Ent. M.ig. xvii. II4. In the stems.

Carex riparia.—72.

Leucania littoralis.—Newm.

Eriophorum angustifolium : Common Cotton Grass.—109.

Ciriwnympha tvphon (davus').—Buckl.Tapinostola fulva.— Ent. xvi. 261. In the stems of this and

other Eriophora.

Celcena Hatuorthii,—Newm., Sta. In the stems of this andother Eriophora.

Eriophorum vaginatum : Hare's-tail Cotton Grass.—89.

Cehvna ha-woithii.—Ent. Mag. ix. 195.

Phalaris canariensis : Canary Grass.Apamea unanimis.

„ ophiogramma.

Phalaris arundinacea : Reed Canary Grass.— 109.

Lfuiania straininea.—Ent. Ma-j. viii. 249.Phothedes captiunciila.—Ent. Mag. xviii. 76.

Apamea ophiogramma.

„ gemina.—Ent. Mag. x. 275. In confinement.

„ unanimis.

Milium effusum : Millet.—8c.

Epinephele hyperanthes.—Newai., Sta.

Phleum pratense : Timothy Grass.—104.

Melanargia galafea.—Sta.

Agrostis canina.— 93.

Erebia arthiops [medea).—Newm.

FOOD-PLAXTS AND LARV^. 139

Calamagrostis epigeios.—57,

Hesperia actcEon.—Newm., Sta.

Ammophila arundinacea : Marram.—60.

Satyrus setnele.— Ent. Mag. ix. 21.

Leticania littoralis.—Newm., Ent. Mag. ix. 21.

Tcrniocampa ophna.—Ent. Mag. ix. 2 1.

Aira caryophyllea : Hair-grass.— 105.

Cerigo 7natitra {cytherea).—(?).

Aira praecox : Early Hair-grass.—loS.

Erebia epiphron {cassiope).—Buckl.

„ crthiops {medea) —Buckl., Ent. Mag. vii. 65.

Satyrus semele.—Buckl., Newm.Eremohia ochroleuca.—(

? )

.

Corynephorus (Aira) canescens.—4.

Mamestra furva.—Newm., Sta.

Deschampsia (Aira) csespitosa : Tussock-GRAss.— iii.

Erebia ivthiops {medea).—Buckl., Ent. Mag. vii. 65.

SatyrIts semele.—Buckl., Newm.Epinephele h yperanthes.—N ewm

.

Leucania pallens.— Ent. Mag. iii. 68.

Miana arcttosa.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. ix. 248 ; vii. 88;

vii. 260. In the stems and roots.

„ fasciuncida.

Deschampsia (Aira) flexuosa.— 105.

Erebia epiphron (^cassiope).—Buckl.

Holcus lanatus : Meadow Soft-grass.—11 1.

Hesperia thawnas {linea').—Buckl.

,, sylvanus.—Newm., Sta.

Agrotis vestigialis {valligera).—(?). On the roots.

„ suffusa.— (?). On the roots.

Anchocelis lunosa.—^?).

Arrhenatherum avenaceum.—no.Tapinostola bondii.—PLnt. xi. 252.

Miana bicoloria (J'uruncula).—Ent. xi. 252.

Phragmites communis : Reed.— 104.

iMacrogasta castanece (arundmis).—Buckl., Newm., Sta. Inthe stems.

Lcelia ccrnosa.—Newm., Sta.

Arsilonche atbevenosa {I'enosa).—Newm.Leucania olsoleta.—Newm., Sta.

„ impudens (Jmdorina').—Newm.„ straminea.—Ent. Mag. viii. 249.

Melianaflammra.—Ent. Mag. xx. 64. In the stems.Senia maritima Qi/vip').—Newm., Sta. In the stems.


Phragmites communis

—

continued.

Calamia phragmitidis.—Newm., Sta. In the stems.

Tapinostola helmanni.

No7iagria geminipiincta.—Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. x. 231.

In tlie stems.

„ neurira.—Sta., Ent. Mag. x. 275. In the stems.

,, hrevilinea.—Ent. Mag. xxii. 272. In the stems.

,, lutosa.—Xewm., Sta. In the stems.

Cynosurus cristatus : Dog's-tail.— 112.

Ccpitonymplia pcimp/iilus.—Sta.

Molinia ccerulea : Purple Meltc-grass.— 106.

Erastria fasciana {fuscula).—Ent. Mag. xi. 66.

Dactylis glomerata : Cock's-foot Grass.— 112.

j\Ielanargia galatea.— Buckl.

Paravge megcera.—Newm,„ egeria.— Buckl..

Epinephele tithoniis.—Buckl.Hesperia sylvanus.—Q\icV.\.

Lencania puirescetis.—(?).

„ comma.—Newm.„ /rz/Z^^i-.— Ent. Mag. iii. 68.

Miana strigilis.—Ent. xvi. 91. In the stems.

Tryphcsna orbona (jiihseqiid).—Ent. Mag. xvii. 211 ; Ent.

X. 48.

Eremohia (^dlaru^) ochroleuca.—Ent. Mag. viii. 21. In con-

finement ; on the seeds.

Briza media: Quaking Gr.'VSS ; Maidenhair.— 105.

Xylophasia scolopacina.— Sta.

Briza minor : Small Quaking Grass.—7.

Xylophasia scolopacina.—S ta.

Poa annua: Annual Meadow-grass.—no.Erebia epiphron {cnssiope').—Buckl., Newm.

„ ccthiops (jnedea').—Newm. Also on several species of

Poa.Epinephele tithonus—Buckl. Sta.

,,hvpcrantlus.—Newm., Sta.

Ccenonympha pamphilus

.

—S ta.

Odonestis potatoria.

Leucania pallens.

Hydrcecia nictitans. On the roots.

Xylophasia lithoxyUa. On the roots.

,,siiblustris. On the roots.

„ monoglypha (^polyodon'). On the roots.

Aporophyla aiislralis.—Ent. Mag. vi. 13.

Neuronia popularis.


Poa annua

—

continued.

Hetiophohus hispidiis.—Ert. xiv. 135.

Cerigo matiira {cytherea).—Ent. xiii. I41.

Lnperina testacna.—On the siems.

,, cespitis.

Charceas graminis. On the roots.

Pachetra leucophcca.—Ent. xv. 162., Ent. Mag^. xix. 43." In tufts of grass growing in woods " and un com-mons.

Nociua unihrosa.

,, xanthographa.

Apamea didyina \oculea).

„ geminu.—Ent. Mag. x. 275. In confinement.

Epunda laiulenta.—Ent. Mag. vi. 235. In confinement.

Aplecta tincta.

Crymodes exulis.—Newm. On this and other species of

Poa.

Slilbia anomala.—Ent. xviii. 3.

Bankui argentula.—Ent. Mag. xx. 77 ; xxiii. 5.

Cauiptogramma bibneata.

Poa nemoralis : Wood Meadow-grass.—82.

Pachetra IcucopIuTa.—Ent. xiii. 234.

Poa pratensis.— 108.

Ereliia ccthiops {jneded).

Epinephele janira.—Sta.

Bankia argentula.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 5.

Eubolia Hintlata (jnenswaria').

Poa trivialis.—108.

L eucania straminea.—(?).

Glyceria aquatica.—76.

Arsilonche alhei'enosa (venosd).—Sta.

Tapinostula fulva.—Newm., Sta.

Bankia argentula.—Ent. Mag. xxiii. 5.

Glyceria maritima.—67.HydrcFcia niclitans.—Ent. Mag. xviii. 195.Rivula sericealis.—Ent. Mag. xi.x. 49.

Festuca ovina : Sheep's Fescue-grass.—no.Erebia epipliron (cassiope').—Ne«m.

* Emydia striata {grammicd).—Sta.

Pachetra leiicophcva.—(?).

Agrotis ashworthii.—Newm., Ent. xxiii. 6.

Acidalia ochrata.—(?). Sta,

Brachypodium pinnatum.—35.

Rivula seriaalis.—Ent. Mag. xix. 50.

142 ZAJiVA COLLECTIXG AND BREEDIXG.

Brachypodium sylvaticum.—105.

Hesperia actiFon.— liuckl., Ent. Mag^. x. 86.

Hesperia thaumas (Jincii).—Buckl., Ent. Mag. xix. 244.Carterocephalui palvsmon ( panhcus).—Buckl.

Rivula sericealis.—Ent. Mag. xix. 50.

Lolium : Darnel.Eremohia (^Ilariis) ochroLuca.—Ent. ix. 18.

Agropyron (Triticum) : Wheat.Apainsa basilin:a.—Newm., Sta. On the grain.

Agropyron (Triticum) repens: Couch Grass.— ioS.

Fa I arge egeria.—Sta.

Satyriis semek.—Buckl., Newm.EpinepheU titlwniis.—Newm.

„ hyperanthes.—Buckl., Newm.Hesperia actceon.— Buckl., Ent. Mag. x. 86.

., sylvaniis.—Buckl.

Leucania conigera.—Newm., Ent. Mag. iii. 137.

„ pallens.—Ent. JMag. iii. 68.

„ albipuncta.—(?).

Apamea gemina.—Ent. Mag. x. 275. In confinement.

„ unanimis.—Ent. Mag. viii. 207. In confinement.Tr\p/uvna orhona {subsequa~).—Ent. Mag. xvii. 21 1., Ent. x.

'48-

Agropyron (Triticum) pungens.Hesperia actceon.—Ent. Mag. x. 86. In confinement.

Agropyron (Triticum) junceum.—36.

Hesperia actcron.—Buckl. (?).

Agroiis cursoria.—Ent. Mag. i.x. 14.

Nardus stricta : Mat-gr.'vss.— 107.

Erebm epiphron {cassiope').—Newm.Ccvnonympha pamphilus.—Newm.Leucania vitelliiia.—(?).

Elymus arenarius : Lyme-grass.— 30.

Tapinoslola elymi.—Ent. Mag. viii. 6g. In the stems androots.

Pteris aquilina : Brake; Bracken.— 112.

Hepialus velUda.—Buckl., Newm., Sta., Ent. Mag. vii. 84.

On the I oots.

„ hectus.—Buckl., Ent. ^lag. v. 177. On the roots.

Euplexia lucipaia.—Newm.Hadena pisi.—Newm.Panagra petraria.—Newm,

FOOD.PLANTS AND LARV^. 143

Lastraea (nephrodium) felix-mas : Male FeRxN.—112.

Euplexia lucipara.—Newm.

Lichen.* Nacilia ancilla.—Newm. On trees.

Nudaria mimdana.—Newm., Sta. On trees. Buckl., Ent.

Mag. viii. lyr. On walls.

„ sejiex.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. viii. 170.

Setina irrorella.—Sta., Buckl., Ent. Mag. viii. 171. Onstones on the sea-coast above high water-mark.

Calligenia niiniata.—Newm., Sta. On oaks. Sta. On beechand birch.

Litliosia mesomella.—Buckl, Sta., Ent. Mag. viii. 172. Onoaks. In confinement on green or withering sallow-

leaves.

,, muscerda.—Buckl. Probably on sallows in wet places.

„ sororcula (aureola).—Buck!., Ent. Mag. v. 1 13. Onoaks. Newm. On larch. Ent. Mag. xi. 158.

On beeches. Sta. On fir and pine.

,, lutarella (pygmceola).—Buckl.

„ griseola.—Buckl. On mosses and withered sallow-

leaves in confinement.

„ ,, z/. siramineola.

„ deplana.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. v. 112. On yews.Newm. On oaks. Sta. On oaks and beech.

„ liirideola {complanuki).—Newm. On oak, black-

thorn and larch. Sta. On poplars and walls.

„ complana.—Buckl. On firs. Newm., Sta. Onblackthorn and firs.

„ sericea {tnolyhdeola).—Buckl., Newm. Probably onheath or stones under. In confinement onwithered oak or sallow-leaves.

Gnophria quadra.—Newm., Sta. On trees.

„ ruhrkollis.— Buckl. On beech. Newm., Sta.

Various trees.

Bryophila miiralis (glandi/era').—Newm., Sta. On walls andbuildings.

„ par.—On walls and building-.

„ algce.—Newm. On trees.

„ perla.—Newm., Sta. On walls.

Aventia /l€xula.—St2i., Ent. Mag. x. 42. On thorns, cherryand yew.

Cleora glabraria.—Newm., Sta. On firs. Ent. Mag. xii. 84.

On oaks.

„ lichenaria.—Newm., Sta. On trees.

„ angularia Qviduaria).* Tephrona sepiaria {cineraria').—Newm., Sta. On walls.

144 lA/iJ'A COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Equisetum arvense : Field Mare's-tail.— ioS.

Hydiiccia micacea.—Ent. Mag. vi. 164. In the stems.

Equisetum limosum.— 103.

Hydnvcia micacea.—Ent. Mag. vi. 164. In the stems.

Lichen caninus.Calligejiia miniata.— Buckl., Ent. Mag. v. III. On oaks. In

confinement on withered oak and sallow leaves.

Lilhosia griseo/a V. stramineola.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. v. IIO.

Gnophria quadra.—Buckl. On oak'^.

Nudaria senex.—Buckl., Ent. Mag. viii. 170. In confine-

ment on this and decayed sallow or bramble-leaves.

Nola slrigiila.—Buckl. On oaks.

Fungi.Bohtolia fuUginaria.—Sta. On rotten wood.

Dried Plants.* Acidalia kerhariata.—Sta.


B.

INDEX.

Cliaicvas

ZAJi^VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Devil's-bit Sc

INDEX. 149

150 ZAJ^VA COLLECTING AND BREEDING.

Holcus .

LXDEX.

LARVA COLLECTING AXD BREEDING.

Alsioniades

INDEX

Psiliira .

j:aj?va collecting and breeding.

Sea WormwoodSedge .

Sedum .

Selema .

Self-heal

SdidosemaSenecio .

Senta

Sesia

Setina .

Sheep's Fescue-grass

„ Scabious

„ SjrrelSilaus .

Silene

Silver-weedSisymbriumSleepwortSmall Nettk

,, Quaking Grass

„ Scabious

,, TeaselSmerinthus

Smooth Hawk's-beardSolanum .

'

Sohdago

.

Sonchiis .

Sorrel .

Sow-thistle .

Spanish CatchflySparganium .

Spear ThistleSphinx .

Spilosoma

SpindleSpircea .

Spruce Fir .

Squill .

Stachys .

Staiiropus

Stellaria

.

Sterrha .

Stilbm .

Stinging NettleStinking Goose-foot

„ Hellebore

1 06!

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