depth perception kimberley a. clow [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
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Depth PerceptionDepth Perception
Kimberley A. ClowKimberley A. Clow
kclow2@[email protected]
http://instruct.uwo.ca/psychology/215a-570http://instruct.uwo.ca/psychology/215a-570
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Outline Outline
Oculomotor CuesOculomotor Cues Pictorial CuesPictorial Cues Motion Based CuesMotion Based Cues StereopsisStereopsis Development of Depth PerceptionDevelopment of Depth Perception Effects of ExperienceEffects of Experience
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TypesTypes
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ImportanceImportance
Recognition of location in space is Recognition of location in space is essential for almost all activitiesessential for almost all activities navigating/avoiding objectsnavigating/avoiding objects jumpingjumping catching/throwingcatching/throwing reaching/graspingreaching/grasping size judgements and recognitionsize judgements and recognition
As a result, many redundant systems As a result, many redundant systems available for assessing depth and distanceavailable for assessing depth and distance
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How Do We Perceive Depth?How Do We Perceive Depth?
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Oculomotor CuesOculomotor Cues
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AccomodationAccomodation
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ConvergenceConvergence
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Pictorial CuesPictorial Cues
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OcclusionOcclusion
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Height in Visual FieldHeight in Visual Field
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Moon IllusionMoon Illusion
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PossibilityPossibility
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Relative SizeRelative Size
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How it worksHow it works
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Can Create Illusions...Can Create Illusions...
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“Excuse me for shouting – I thought you were farther away.”
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Which is Bigger?Which is Bigger?
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Familiar SizeFamiliar Size
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Effects of Familiar SizeEffects of Familiar Size
Shape ConstancyShape Constancy
Size ConstancySize Constancy
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Atmospheric HazeAtmospheric Haze
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Linear PerspectiveLinear Perspective
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Which Line is Longer?Which Line is Longer?
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Texture GradientTexture Gradient
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Texture DiscontinuitiesTexture Discontinuities
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ShadingShading
OriginalOriginal ReversedReversed
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Pictorial Cues TogetherPictorial Cues Together
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IllusionIllusion
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ExplanationExplanation
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Motion Based CuesMotion Based Cues
These cues depend onThese cues depend on Geometric changes in Geometric changes in
the scenethe scene Effects of self-motionEffects of self-motion Movement through the Movement through the
visual fieldvisual field
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Motion ParallaxMotion Parallax
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Biological MotionBiological Motion
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Optic FlowOptic Flow
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Binocular CuesBinocular Cues
Two eyesTwo eyes Slightly displaced images Slightly displaced images
in each eyein each eye Info about relative depthInfo about relative depth Based on the geometry of Based on the geometry of
the images reaching the the images reaching the eyeeye
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Important TermsImportant Terms
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Retinal DisparityRetinal Disparity
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ExampleExample
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Crossed & UncrossedCrossed & Uncrossed
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DiplopiaDiplopia
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StereopsisStereopsis
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Physiological BasisPhysiological Basis
How can cortical neurons How can cortical neurons process disparity process disparity information?information? Cortical neurons that code Cortical neurons that code
retinal disparityretinal disparity Respond based on the Respond based on the
positions of the images on positions of the images on the two retinaethe two retinae
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ExampleExample
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Motion IllusionMotion Illusion
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Size ConstancySize Constancy
Why does someone Why does someone walking away NOT walking away NOT appear to shrink?appear to shrink?
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The Holway-Boring Experiment
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Which Line is Longer?Which Line is Longer?
#1? #2?
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ExplanationExplanation
#1 #2
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DevelopmentDevelopment
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The Effects of ExperienceThe Effects of Experience