dept of electrical & electronics. ganesh kudva dept. of electrical & electronics engg....
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Dept of Electrical & Electronics
ELE 1001: BASIC ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
LECTURE 01
INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ELEMENTS &
SOURCE TRANSFORMATION
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Ganesh KudvaDept. of Electrical & Electronics Engg.
E-mail: [email protected]
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Required: Scientific Calculator
Casio- fx-991ES Casio- fx-991MS
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
We will learn here…
Classify electrical circuit elementsActive & PassiveLinear & Non linearUnilateral & BilateralLumped & Distributed
Ideal & Practical Active Elements Source Transformation
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Electric Circuit
Definition:An interconnection of simple electrical devices with at least one closed path in which current may flow
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Classification of Circuit Elements Active & Passive Elements
Active Elements (Source): Voltage & Current Sources
Passive Elements (Sink): Resistor, Inductor & Capacitor
Linear & Non-linear ElementsLinear (Satisfies Superposition): Resistor, Inductor,
CapacitorNonlinear: LDR (Light Dependent Resistor),
Thermistor Unilateral & Bilateral Elements
Unilateral (Current Flow in one direction): Diode, Transistor
Bilateral: Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor* Lumped & Distributed
Discuss only lumped linear bilateral circuit elements.
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Passive Elements Energy Consuming Elements:
Resistor (R): RI2
Energy Storing Elements Inductor (L): Stores Energy in its Magnetic Field
[0.5LI2] Capacitor (C): Stores Energy in its Electrical Field
[0.5CV2]
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Types of Active Elements
Ideal Voltage Source: Maintains constant
voltage irrespective of connected load.
Internal resistance, Rs = 0
+ -
I d e a l V o lta g e S o u rc e (D C )
V s
V s
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Types of Active Elements contd…
Ideal Current Source: Maintains constant current
irrespective of the load connected.
Internal resistance, Rs = ∞
I d e a l C u rre n t S o u rc e (D C )
I s
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Practical Sources
+ -
P ra c tic a l V o lta g e S o u rc e
V s R s
V-I Characteristics of battery
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Practical Sources contd…
P ra c tic a l C u rre n t S o u rc e
I s R s
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Practical Source Transformation Conversion of Practical Voltage source to
Current source & vice versa The terminal characteristics of both the
sources are same
Vs
R
+-
+
-
a
b
Is R
+
-
a
b
𝐼 𝑠=𝑉 𝑠
𝑅
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Example 1
Convert a voltage source of 100 V having an internal resistance of 5 Ω to its equivalent current source. Draw the circuit representation of both forms of sources.
+-
+
-
a
b
+
-
a
b
VS = 100 V
RS = 5 Ω
IP = 20 A RP = 5 Ω
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Example 2
1 5 V
6 V
9 V
6
6
6
2
Find the power dissipated in 2 Ω resistor
Ans: P = 12.5 W
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Example 3
1 0 V
5
2 0
1 5
1 A
5 V
0 .5 A
Find the power dissipated in 15 Ω resistor using source transformation
Ans: P15Ω = 0.9375 W
Dept of Electrical & Electronics
Summary
We started withHow a typical electric circuit looks like
Then looked intoDifferent types of circuit elements &
their classificationsIdeal & practical sources
Finally concluded withHow to transform practical voltage &
current sources