dental anatomy impt

Upload: noreenmyanmar

Post on 30-May-2018

232 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    1/19

    Lecture Week 1- Chapter 4

    DENTAL ANANTOMY

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    2/19

    Anatomic Parts of The Tooth

    Crown: (anatomic) the portion covered with enamel(fig. 4-2, pg. 48)

    Clinical Crown: portion of the tooth that is visible in

    the mouth, length varies during the life cycle,

    depends on the level of the gingiva

    Root: portion ofthe tooth that is normally

    embedded in the alveolar process, covered with

    cementum. Some teeth may have 1,2,3 roots

    Bifurcation: division into 2 roots

    Trifurcation: division into 3 roots

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    3/19

    Anatomic Parts of The Tooth

    Apex: tapered end of the root

    Apical: anything located at the apex

    Periapical: anything surrounding the apex

    Cervix: narrow area of the tooth, where thecrown and tooth meet

    Cementoenamel Junction: formed by the

    enamel of the crown and the cementum of the

    root, aka- cervical line or CEJ

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    4/19

    Tissues of the Tooth

    Enamel: makes up the anatomic crown of thetooth, hardest material ofthe body, provides the

    protective covering for the dentin, strong surface

    for chewing, tearing, grinding. Composed ofa

    million enamel prisms called enamel rods,extend from the surface of the tooth to the

    dentinoenamel junction.

    Dentin: main portion of the tooth, extends the

    entire length of the tooth, covered by enamel onthe crown and cementum on the root

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    5/19

    Tissues of The Tooth

    Dentin is a mineralized tissue, harder than bone, but notas hard as enamel, very porous tissue make-up ofmicroscopic canals called dentinal tubules, theseextend to the exterior surface, each dentinal tubulescontain a dentinal fiber, this transmits pain to the pulp.

    Pulp: inner aspect ofthe dentin forms the boundaries of

    the pulp chamber(fig. 4-3, pg. 49). At the time oferuption the pulp chamber is large, with time and thedeposit ofdentin it becomes smaller.

    Coronal Pulp: pulp that lies with in the crown portion ofthe tooth

    Pulp horns: extensions ofthe pulp into the dentin area

    Radicular or Root Pulp: portion ofthe pulp that islocated more apically (fig. 4-3, pg. 49)

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    6/19

    Structures of The Pulp

    Pulp is made ofblood vessels and nerves that enter the pulpchamber through the apical foramen. Blood supply is fromthe dental arteries and the periodontal ligament.

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    7/19

    Tissues of The Tooth Cementum: protects the root ofthe tooth is not as hard, as

    enamel/dentin, covered by bone and gingival tissue

    Periodontium: supports the teeth in the alveolar bone,consists ofcementum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments.It also protects and nourishes the teeth

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    8/19

    Tissues of The Tooth

    Periodontal Ligament: dense connectivetissue, organized into fibers that connect the

    cementum covering the root of the tooth to the

    alveolar bone of the socket wall. As we age the

    width of these fibers decrease.

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    9/19

    Review of The Tooth

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    10/19

    Dental Arches Mandibular Arch: capable ofmovement through the action

    ofthe temporomandibular joint, aka- lower jaw Maxillary Arch: actually part ofthe skull, is fixed not capable

    ofmovement, aka- upper jaw

    Each arch is divided into halfresulting in 4 quadrants of themouth, maxillary right, maxillary left, mandibular right and

    mandibular left. Each quadrant ofpermanent teeth contain 8teeth, primary dentition-5 teeth

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    11/19

    Dental Arches

    The arch can also be divided into

    Sextants, there are three sextants in each

    arch. Maxillary Right/Left Posterior

    Maxillary Anterior

    Mandibular Right/Left Posterior

    Mandibular Anterior

    See 4-7 page 53

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    12/19

    Anterior Teeth

    Anterior: means toward the front, includes the

    incisors, canines and are visible when you smile.

    These teeth are aligned in a curve

    Teeth 6-11on the upper

    Teeth 22-27

    on the lower

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    13/19

    Posterior Teeth

    Posterior: toward the back, includes thepre-molars, and molars

    Teeth 1-5, 16-12

    on the upper are

    posterior

    Teeth 28-32, 21-17 on the lower

    are posterior

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    14/19

    Surfaces of The Teeth

    Occlusal: posterior teeth only, top ofthe

    tooth

    Facial: anterior teeth, closest to the lips

    Lingual: closet to the tongue

    Mesial: closet to the midline

    Distal: away from the midline

    Incisal: on anterior, the edge

    Buccal: Posterior, close to the cheek

    Table 4-2, pg 51

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    15/19

    Surfaces Overview

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    16/19

    Primary Dentition

    Made up of20 teeth, also know as deciduous,as the adult teeth form, the root ofthe primaryteeth is resorbed. Table 4-3, pg. 55

    A

    B

    C

    DE

    F

    G

    I

    J

    H

    K

    L

    M

    OP

    NQ

    R

    S

    T

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    17/19

    Permanent Dentition Permanent begins when the last primary is shed,

    around 12 years ofage. 32 teeth in all erupt attimes

    Upper Arch 1-16

    Lower Arch 17-32

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    18/19

    Universal Number System

    Approved by the ADA

    Permanent teeth are numbered 1-32

    Primary teeth are lettered A-T Table 4-4 pg. 56, 57

    Palmer Notation: four quadrants divided by

    a vertical line and horizontal line, 8 teeth ineach section

  • 8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt

    19/19

    Tooth Numbering Review

    Permanent Dentition(Adult Teeth)