delivering more video content at half the cost using mpeg-4 avc bob wilson chairman & ceo
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Delivering More Video Content at Half the Cost Using MPEG-4 AVC
Bob WilsonChairman & CEO
www.modulusvideo.com
AVC Finally Delivers on the Technical Vision First Described in 1954 by RAND
Corporation!
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• Real-time SD & HD “broadcast quality” encoders and decoders
• Powerful AVC platform
– Software centric encoding
– CPU’s and FPGA’s accelerate to real-time
• SD systems shipping now!
• HD systems 1st half 2005
• VC backed company founded by broadcast industry veterans
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Video Compression is Mainstream!
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AVC’s Impact on Content
• Less cost = more content• MPEG-4 AVC: the future for all consumer systems
– HD DVD’s & Blu-ray DVD’s– HD camcorders– Mobile video & cell phones
• Apple has already announced support for AVC in their Final Cut Pro professional editing solutions
AVC is the next generation encoding standard for content creation & delivery
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A New Standard Arrives – MPEG-4 AVC!
MPEG-4 AVC Advanced Video Coding
• New worldwide standard approved in May 2003
• Delivering full resolution video at half the bit rate of
MPEG-2
• Hundreds of companies now working to deliver
practical solutions from “beginners to broadcasters”
• Both new HD DVD & Blu Ray formats utilize AVCISO/MPEG
ITU-T (VCEG)
Joint Video Team MPEG-4 AVC
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Performance - AVC is on a Steep Improvement Curve• Near term - 50% less bit rate for many sequences• Benefits greatest for many sequences that are tough
for MPEG-2• Efficiency will continue to improve
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
2H200
4
1H200
5
2H200
5
1H200
6
2H200
6
1H200
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Mbp
s
High End MPEG-2
Modulus AVCCBR Video Bit Rates
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Evolution not Revolution• No fractals, wavelet or object coding • Block based processing• Familiar GOP Picture structure
– I- Intra coded pictures interleaved with P and B pictures– P- Forward motion predicted pictures– B- Bi directional motion predicted pictures
• Same rules apply – Familiar compression artifacts – Benefits from Statistical multiplexing and noise
reduction
I B B B P B B B P B B B
AVC Retains Familiar Picture Structure
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Enhanced Toolset Delivers Efficiency
• Substantially better motion prediction
• Better intra prediction modes
• New entropy encoding technology
• In loop de-blocking filter
• New integer transform
• New quantization mechanisms
Temporal (motion)
and spatial prediction
Transform Quantization Entropy
Coding
Inverse
Transform
Inverse
Quantization
De-blocking
Filter
10X More Computational Complexity!
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Enhanced Motion Prediction Modes
• ¼ pixel prediction doubles the accuracy• Hierarchical block size options track objects more
accurately• More references combinations• Weighted prediction helps convey fades and dissolve• MBAFF – Macro block adaptive field frame coding
Temporal (motion)
and spatial prediction
Transform Quantization Entropy
Coding
Inverse
Transform
Inverse
Quantization
De-blocking
Filter
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Enhanced Entropy Coding • Entropy coding removes statistical redundancy from bit
stream • Fully defined loss less codec• Similar to ZIP application• AVC offers two advanced option
– Context Adaptive Variable Length Code (CAVLC)– Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC)
• CABAC is very complex but powerful – Delivers around 15% efficiency gain
Temporal (motion)
and spatial prediction
Transform Quantization Entropy
Coding
Inverse
Transform
Inverse
Quantization
De-blocking
Filter
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New Transforms and Quantization
• AVC has new 4x4 transform– Converts pixel array into string of coefficients– Coefficient string can be quantized to control bit rate
• Addresses inaccuracies that exist with MPEG-2• Ease of processing • Enhanced quantization tools
Temporal (motion)
and spatial prediction
Transform Quantization Entropy
Coding
Inverse
Transform
Inverse
Quantization
De-blocking
Filter
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Smaller blocks
good for tracking
detail Large blocks
good for flat areas
4 x 4
8 x 4
8 x 8
4 x 8
16 x 16
16 x 16One New Tool: Adaptive Block Sizing
• MPEG-2 used large 16x16 blocks– Good for large objects– Not so good for tracking small objects
• AVC offers hierarchical block sizing– Adaptive block sizes
• Benefit is motion objects tracked accurately– Less residual error
More Tools, More Processing, but Fewer
Bits
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New De-Blocking Filter
• NEW - MPEG-2 does not have this feature• Aggressive encoding will tend to result in block
artifacts• Block edges are processed- smoothed • Up to 3 pixels either side of block to reduce the
visible impact
Temporal (motion)
and spatial prediction
Transform Quantization Entropy
Coding
Inverse
Transform
Inverse
Quantization
De-blocking
Filter
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AVC Compression = Broadcast Quality @1.5 Mbps
• Standard defines Decoder– Many low cost chips available this year
• AVC enables dramatic expansion of low cost video distribution– More channels at lower cost– New channels such as IPTV by Telcos
Remove temporal
redundancy
Transform and
quantize Entropy
reduction
Remove spatial
redundancy
Standardized
Decoder
Model
Tightly defined bit
Stream Syntax
Encoding Process Standardized Bit Stream and
Decoding Process
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AVC Gets Better!Fidelity Rate EXTensions (FRExt)
• Extension approved in July 2004• Enhanced modes for SD and HD• 4:2:2, 4:4:4 chroma modes• Enhanced quantization
• Benefit - extend support to wider range of applications
Profile Name Maximum Chroma Format Maximum Sample Precision
"High" (HP) 4:2:0 8 bits
"High 10" (Hi10P) 4:2:0 10 bits
"High 4:2:2" (Hi422) 4:2:2 10 bits
"High 4:4:4" (Hi444) 4:4:4 12 bits
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AVC Deployment Scenarios
• AVC complexity - incompatible with MPEG-2 receivers– Hence MPEG-2 will be around for years
• AVC will increasingly erode MPEG-2 market share
– Especially for HD & new applications (mobile video)
• Increasing use of IP networks for TV– Telco triple play– Professional point to point– Enterprise video– Homeland security
AVC
Encoder
IP Network
Tx Gateway
AVC
Decoder
IP Network
Rx GatewayWWW
IP NETWORK GATEWAYS
Protect from Network Anomalies
• Jitter
• Packet loss
• Packet re-ordering
• Delay
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High Definition = 6x more Information AVC = Practical HDTV
• HD is exploding– More content being created– Receivers becoming
affordable – Service operators are
promoting it– A must have service for
many applications• HD is very bandwidth intensive
– Big benefits using AVC
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Summary: AVC is Happening!
• AVC brings compelling performance benefits+ Enables new applications and economic models+ Open standards key for the industry growth+ AVC SD real-time solutions available now
+ AVC HD Available in 2005
= More Content @ Lower Cost
AVC as a Disruptive Technology is Opening Up New Business Opportunities
Delivering More Video Content at Half the Cost Using MPEG-4 AVC
Bob WilsonChairman & CEO
www.modulusvideo.com