Delivering for 2020TSO Facilitation of Renewables Studies

EirGrid Customer Conference

Jonathan O’SullivanOctober 2009

Policy Targets and Outcomes

• EU Renewable Directive – 2009/28/EC – Exploiting Renewable energy Resources (Wind in Ireland)

• Regulation No 714/2009 Access to Network for Cross-border Exchanges in Electricity

– Interconnection

• Directive 2009/72/EC Concerning Common Rules for Internal Electricity Market

– Smart Metering – 80% by 2020 if beneficial

• Electric Vehicles -10% (National decision goes towards meeting boarder EU targets)

– Announced November 2008– Memorandum of Understanding between the Government, ESB and Renault-

Nissan

The Power System: A complex control process

Control Capability

GeneratorsDemand Side Units

Transmission LinesVoltage SupportInterconnection

Control Strategies

Market ScheduleReserve Policies

RCUCProtection

Forecast

Dispatch PlantNetwork Configuration

Outputs

Meet DemandInterconnector

Exchanges

Reliably and Safely

Inputs

DemandPlantNetworkCharacteristics - System - Neighbour

Δ

The Power System: Policy-led changes

Control Capability

GeneratorsDemand Side Units

Transmission LinesVoltage SupportInterconnection

Control Strategies

Market ScheduleReserve Policies

RCUCProtection

Forecast

Dispatch PlantNetwork Configuration

Outputs

Meet DemandInterconnector

Exchanges

Reliably and Safely

Inputs

DemandPlantNetworkCharacteristics - System - Neighbour

Δ

Policy Impacts on Power System by 2020

Inputs Control Capability

Control Strategies

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? ?

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Ireland Renewable Policy TargetIndicative Trajectory for 40% by 2020 and Connected Wind todate

(trajectory from RES-E Directive)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Year

Inst

alle

d or

Req

uire

d M

W W

ind

Cap

acity

Installed

Capacity Wind

Based on analysis of historical Capacity Factors and projected load growth

Wind as a Percentage of Total Electricity (2020 Target) - Select EU Countries

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

SloveniaCzech Republic

HungaryEstonia

Belgium CyprusFinland

ItalySlovak Republic

Austria Netherlands

FranceBulgariaSweden

MaltaPolandSpain

UKGreece

GermanyPortugal

DenmarkIreland

European Synchronous Power SystemTotal Generation Capacities

UCTE

600,000MW

Nordel

92,000MW

EnglandWales

Scotland76,000MW

IrelandNorthern Ireland8,500MW

Impacts of increased wind penetration

Inputs Control Capability Control Strategies

Plant Portfolio - Increased variation in generator

output

Generators – reduced percentage of conventional

plant on the system

Forecasting – improve to best possible

Characteristics – increased use of asynchronous

generation

(Wind) Generators – possess excellent

performance capability below full output

Schedule and Dispatch – new tools and policies

Network – difficulties in the short run, increased

capability in the long run

Protection – Fault levels may alter and need to

adjust

Conventional Generation

Excitation System

Turbine

Prime Mover

BoilerHead of Water

Stator

Rotor

Direct Current

Alternating Current50 Hz

Grid

Governor

Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)

Gear Box

Wound Rotor Control

GridRotor

Stator

Alternating Current2-7 Hz

Alternating Current50 Hz

Alternating Current50 Hz

Full Converter Windfarm

Gear Box Grid

Rotor

Stator Full Convertor

Variable Speed Alternating Current

Alternating Current50 Hz

Generator Characteristic Comparison

Characteristics Synchronous DFIG Full Convertor

Reactive Control Largest range and control

Good range and control

Good range and control

Fault Ride Through Excellent Good Good

Fault Level Best Medium Least Contribution

Ramping Good Excellent Excellent

Reserve Excellent Good Good

Inertia Excellent Poor Poor

TSO Renewable Facilitation Studies

Objectives:

• Increase our understanding of the behaviour of the power system with large amounts of renewable generation

• Identify any potential technical issues

• Develop mitigation measures

• Wrap it all up in a comprehensive strategy for the operation of the power system with large amounts of renewables

Outcome will inform:

• Future operational policies

• Grid code and standards

• Discussions on remuneration regimes for all generation

TSO Facilitation of Renewables areas of Study

• Transient, Dynamic and Small Scale Stability• Frequency Response of the system• Fault Levels• Reactive Power and Voltage Control• Flexibility needs of the system

Frequency Response of System with Wind

Plot of loss of 400 MW unit in a 2020 power system

Flexibility Requirements

Flexibility Requirements

TSO Facilitation of Renewables StudiesInterim Result Presentation

EirGrid Offices160 Shelbourne Road

9th November 2009 10:30am

Technology Breakdown of Installed Wind

ClassificationTSO DSO

Capacity MW No. Turbines Capacity MW No. Turbines

DFIG 325 201 321 258

Full Converter 42 21 83 50

Fixed Speed 87 25 122 148

Total 454 247 526 456