Delegation from: the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria

Represented by: Rocky River High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International

Security

The issues before the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International

Security are: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability; and the Peaceful Use of

Outer Space. Algeria understands the link between conflict and a lack of food security, and seeks

worldwide cooperation to advance food security. Additionally, Algeria is devoted to the

development of technology for peaceful use in space, and hopes that this committee will

facilitate international cooperation in this area.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria knows firsthand the importance of addressing food

security as it relates to unrest and political stability and hopes to cooperate internationally to

relieve food instability for those affected by conflict. During Algeria’s own decade-long civil

war, the purchasing power of its citizens fell by more than ten percent and did not rise to normal

levels until the conflict ended; conflict in Algeria led to poverty for its citizens, decreasing food

security for many. Today, the nation hosts between 90,000 and 165,000 refugees. Approximately

21,200 of these individuals receive food security aid through USAID’s Office of Food for Peace,

though many more may struggle with food security. It has been difficult to build food security

among refugees in Algeria since the desert climate limits arable land, constraining agricultural

capacity and severely hindering refugee’s efforts to achieve self-sufficiency and engage with

local economies.

Noting the importance of United Nations programs including the Food and Agriculture

Organization’s Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation to its refugee population, Algeria

supports the continuation of such efforts to improve the standard of living of refugees in all

regions. Algeria also seeks to protect the rights of refugees to work and to public relief and

assistance in order to ensure their ability to maintain food security, as the nation is party to the

1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol.

The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria fully recognizes that refugees are not the only

group suffering from a lack of food security, but it also sees that they are many of the world’s

food-insecure individuals and seeks for the General Assembly, First Committee, to address this

pressing issue as the worldwide number of refugees continues to rise due to the ongoing crisis in

Syria and the Middle East. As it has been established that conflict contributes significantly to a

lack of food security, Algeria hopes for a resolution to better establish the ability of displaced

persons to obtain sufficient food, as this becomes difficult in many situations due to the climates

and economies of the regions in which refugees settle. International efforts are crucial to fighting

food insecurity, so nations must be willing to contribute funds to the United Nations for the

purpose of building food security. Additionally, the General Assembly, First Committee, must

work with and incentivize nations to develop their own programs to promote agriculture when

possible and access to both food and accurate nutritional information in order to ensure the food

security of their citizens. When access to food is improved for all people, the international

community will be able to better focus its efforts on those such as refugees who are perpetually

food insecure.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria stands in full support of the peaceful use of outer

space, as its space program, the Algerian Space Agency (ASAL), founded in 2002, now serves

the purpose of implementing the Algerian National Space Programme, the nation’s plan for the

use of space technology, the goal of which, according to Djamel Moktefi of the General

Assembly, Fourth Committee, is “to accelerate the development of social and economic goals

while advancing international and regional cooperation in the field of space technology.” Algeria

believes firmly that we can only hope to accelerate the development of nations across the globe if

the peaceful use of outer space is the only use of outer space.

As a strong proponent of the peaceful use of outer space, Algeria has been party to the Outer

Space Treaty since 1992, proving that its support for the peaceful use of our space predates even

its own space program. The nation is also party to the Convention on International Liability for

Damage Caused by Space Objects. Algeria believes that states must hold responsibility for any

consequences of their actions in space and that maintaining accountability is central to the

continuation of the use of outer space for peaceful purposes. Additionally, Algeria has signed the

Agreement Relating to the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO), the

Agreement of the Arab Corporation for Space Communications (ARABSAT), and other treaties

devoted to protecting and regulating the use of space for communications and commerce.

Noting that the General Assembly, First Committee must look to reaffirm the importance of

using space for peaceful purposes, Algeria also looks for the committee to develop plans for

furthering these purposes internationally, facilitating scientific and economic development

worldwide. In recent years, the nation has launched satellites not only for communications

purposes, but also for managing major risks and natural disasters through improved surveillance

of the Earth. Algeria believes the United Nations must work to facilitate the adoption of this

technology by any nation which has so far not reached this level of space technology

development, as it holds value in increasing the safety and security of a nation’s inhabitants in

the face of disaster. Algeria’s hope is that regional and global cooperation on the peaceful use of

space will improve international response to crises around the world, lessening the impact of

natural disasters or other catastrophic events on those directly affected and on the governments

and economies of their nations. Furthermore, Algeria desires that the committee reach an

agreement regarding equal access to outer space, ensuring that nations with space programs that

are large or well-developed in the status quo do not monopolize outer space or crowd out nations

with smaller programs. Only with a guarantee of equal access to space will the international

community be able to make the best use of space and space technology for peaceful purposes and

the betterment of all nations.

Submitted by: Antigua & Barbuda

Committee: GA1

Topic A: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food security is commonly defined as a condition in which every person can access food

that is nutritious and safe that allows them to live their life. Many countries today struggle with

providing their people with enough healthy, nutritious food so that they can live and thrive where

they are. A lack of food security can lead to a myriad of problems, including increased violence

and political unrest, as a result of people being undernourished and unable to live at a minimum

standard of living. As time goes on, more and more countries are becoming incapable of

achieving food security as a result things like natural disasters that make agriculture unreliable

and high food costs make it hard for citizens to purchase it to stay alive. However, “65% of

people suffering from food insecurity are located in 7 countries, including India, China,

Democratic Republic of Congo, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Ethiopia.” This means that

other countries are not struggling with this and must use their resources to help those who are.

This is essential to ensure that every country is allowed the same basic living standards and

opportunities as one another and to avoid conflict within countries.

While Antigua & Barbuda does not itself particularly struggle itself with food insecurity,

it sees the strain it can have on other countries and its people. Antigua and Barbuda would like to

use their resources to help countries struggling with lack of food and infrastructure by crafting

and supporting resolutions that involve solutions that can benefit these struggling countries

without much harm to others. Consequently, Antigua and Barbuda does not support any

resolution that condones working towards a solution that does not include the economic, social,

and environmental factors that can lead to food insecurity.

Submitted by: Antigua & Barbuda

Committee: GA1

Topic B: The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Space can be incomprehensibly useful to humankind in helping with correspondence,

security, peace, environment, instruction, and wellbeing across the globe. In any case, there has

recently been worry of militarization and a weapons contest in space, the United States having

blocked endeavored resolutions from Egypt and Sri Lanka multiple times. This is worrisome for

several reasons, especially that it could prompt a worldwide clash in which most nations would

be in a serious impediment.

Although Antigua & Barbuda itself has the funds to fend for itself in an arms race that

could occur in space, it does not support this actually happening. This is because it believes the

peaceful use of outer space is the most beneficial to the world as a whole. Since utilizing outer

space peacefully can lead to improvements worldwide, particularly in areas such as standard of

living and education, it seems like the obvious solution. So many would benefit from the use of

outer space in this way that they could, in turn, benefit other countries in a positive cycle that

would lead to a better world.

Overall, Antigua & Barbuda does not support any country advocating for a resolution that

encourages use of outer space that is for any non-peaceful purpose. It only seeks to find solutions

that encourage peaceful use of outer space and provide benefits to all humankind, as opposed to

a select group. Antigua & Barbuda hopes to see a future in which all countries have increased

chances of life due to the benefits associated with technology, education, and natural disaster

prevention that come with utilizing outer space peacefully and effectively.

Submitted by: Burkina Faso

Committee: GA1

Topic A: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

In a country that has food security, “all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe,

nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life.” In other words, everyone is able to obtain

and consume food that allows them able to achieve to the best of their ability. This requires not

only food being readily available, but economically obtainable to people. Food security is so

essential because the lack of it is directly related to conflict. Food security helps reduce the risk

of violence, protest, and riots. The occurrence of such events can lead to further food insecurity

as military spending increases and less funds go towards food and can also reduce trade, which

can lead to food shortages. This endless cycle has the possibility of leading to conflict that

spreads around the world, affecting an immense amount of people.

Burkina Faso itself struggles with food insecurity. Its population grows at a rapid 3.6%

each year, putting a significant strain on the availability of resources and infrastructure. This, in

turn, leads to difficulty in achieving food security. Burkina Faso’s landlocked status and

frequent experiences of natural disasters such as droughts and floods make it difficult for people

to count on food and other resources being available. Malnutrition among women in children is

prevalent, and much of the population struggles with deficiencies like anemia and stunted

growth. The expensive cost of food and high poverty rates also lead to Burkina Faso being so

vulnerable to food insecurity and, subsequently, malnutrition. This has led to much political

unrest, including protests and riots.

Due to its widespread, harmful effects, Burkina Faso is eager to find a solution to this

issue of food insecurity. Burkina Faso plans to support those who are looking for a plausible

solution to this problem as well. As the main causes of food insecurity are social, economic, and

environmental, Burkina Faso hopes to find a solution that factors these issues in. The World

Food Programme could serve as a good resource in implementing solutions due to the work they

have already done on the topic in Burkina Faso, such as the Protracted Relief and Recovery

Operation 200509 and the Country Program.

Submitted by: Burkina Faso

Committee: GA1

Topic B: The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Outer space can be immeasurably helpful to the human race for reasons such as

communication, security, peace, environment, education, and health across the globe. However,

there has recently been concern of militarization and an arms race in space, the United States

having consistently blocked attempted resolutions from Egypt and Sri Lanka. This is concerning

for many reasons, particularly that it could lead to a global conflict in which most countries

would be at a severe disadvantage.

As a country that would be severely disadvantaged should an arms race in space occur,

Burkina Faso is against any encouragement of such a conflict. However, Burkina Faso does see

the value in outer space for peaceful purposes such as global connection networks, satellites to

track weather, and transportation. The use of outer space for peaceful purposes could lead to

advancements and improvements in standards of living, education, and food security. Farmers

would be able to know when it is most beneficial to grow crops and which ones to grow based

off of information gathered from satellites. In addition, people would be able to be better

prepared for natural disasters and could help those who suffer from them be given aid faster.

Overall, the country of Burkina Faso is strongly in favor of keeping outer space only used

for peaceful purposes that benefit the human race as a whole, such as for technology that

improves the education, standards of living, environment, and health. Consequently, Burkina

Faso is against any resolution that involves the encouragement of an arms race in space or the

use of space for any reason that is not peaceful and for the benefit of all humans and not just

those who have the funds to use it solely for their own benefit. Burkina Faso would like to see a

resolution occur that encourages peaceful use of outer space and condones any use that seeks to

create conflict.

Delegation from: Canada

Represented by: Lincoln-West High School

Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Stability

Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and

economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs

and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Ensuring that all Canadians are

food secure is an important element of that standard of living we all cherish. Our

Plan is a significant step forward in developing a national approach to address food

insecurity in Canada and abroad. Canada's Action Plan for Food Security is a

reflection of this experience. Over 800 million human beings do not have enough

to eat in a world that produces enough food to feed every man, woman and child.

This exceptional paradox - global food security alongside individual food

insecurity - has galvanized the collective conscience of the world community.

At the World Food Summit in Rome in November 1996, Canada joined 186

other nations to endorse the Summit's goal - to reduce the number of

undernourished people by half no later than the year 2015. The world food

situation has been improving steadily since the founding of the United Nations

Food and Agriculture Organization over 50 years ago. Canadians are fortunate to

live in a country where peace, democracy and human rights are generally enjoyed

and respected. Mechanisms have been established to ensure protection of civil and

human rights, and a strong and independent mass media facilitates free discussion

of public issues. Civil society feels that there is much that can be done in Canada to

clarify its meaning and determine how to respect, protect and fulfill that right.

In 1981, Canadian charities began setting up food banks as a temporary

measure to help people deal with emergencies. From 1989 to 1997, the use of food

banks in Canada doubled. In Canada, the food supply provides safe and nutritious

food at both the retail and foodservice levels. Many people in Canada experience

all or most aspects of food insecurity due to low incomes. Through its support to

food sector development activities and agricultural research, Canada can help

developing countries improve the productivity and efficiency of their food sectors

and other parts of their economies so they are better able to compete with and trade

in world markets. This is an important contribution to their long-term food security

since it helps them overcome agricultural protectionism and food self-sufficiency

concerns in favor of food self-reliance. It is a positive outcome for Canada as a

significant food exporter and importer.

The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

In August 1957, Canada, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States

called for a study of an inspection system that would assure that the launching of

objects through outer space would be exclusively for peaceful and scientific

purposes. This proposal was incorporated in UN-General Assembly resolution

1148 (XII). Canada maintained a firm position on the prevention of an arms race in

outer space and it strongly opposes the weaponization of space. For at least a

decade Canada has been sharply criticized for not having a comprehensive outer

space policy and program. Space is so structurally buried and fragmented within

government that voices advocating for more appropriate treatment of space

security issues are marginalized, even within such departments as Industry Canada.

Canada’s military and security forces, like the militaries of other nations, have

legitimate needs for space-related services such as communications and

surveillance, which often by definition are dual- or multi use. Canada has no

overarching national space policy, and space is not addressed in either of the latest

national security and defense policies.

Space is so structurally buried and fragmented within government that

voices advocating for more appropriate treatment of space security issues are

marginalized, even within such departments as Industry Canada (the Canadian

Space Agency's parent department) and the Department of National Defense

(DND); The Canadian Space Agency’s (CSA) budget, and accordingly, its

interests and activities have been diminishing and narrowing around space science

and exploration for the last decade (dominated by human space flight and

international space station programs), leaving little investment opportunity for

other space pursuits. Canada’s space industry is generally skewed towards end-user

or ground segment needs and subsystem technologies, with thin and diminishing

capabilities in space access and satellite design; Canada’s space industry is highly

reliant on, and vulnerable to, foreign export sales; and Canada’s intellectual space

expertise is limited, and public space perceptions and understandings are narrow

and skewed towards human space flight and scientific exploits. Space use and

reliance will progressively increase, while Canada’s public and private domestic

capacity to ensure its space presence will decline. Space has a particularly deep

impact on the Canadian economy, as it does on the rest of the world’s most

advanced economies. That impact will only increase in the years ahead, as will

Canada’s dependency, and arguably, its vulnerability.

Delegation from: China

Represented by: Valley Forge High School

Committee: Position Paper for the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and

International Security (GA1)

Topic A: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Topic B: The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food security is a very important factor. The purpose of Food Security is to

maintain physical and economic access to peoples’ needs. It also provides for sufficient

amounts of food within the population. There are still countries today who don’t have a

sufficient amount of food for their population. This has become a major concern for

unstable regions and undeveloped countries.

China suffered from a winter drought in 2010-2011 causing a global impact on

wheat supply. Due to wheat supply shortages, bread prices in Egypt began to rise.

Egypt is the world’s largest bread importer, which would cause problems for China

economically. China, being the largest wheat producer and consumer, faced severe

droughts in the past. To deal with the situation the Chinese government decided to buy

wheat off the international market. Wheat prices were still rising and many countries

were impacted economically, especially Egypt. Wheat prices, internationally, were

strongly influenced by climate conditions and had an agricultural and socio economical

impact. China’s government has tried to balance agriculture, finances, and food supply

with public needs. The effects of climate risks on wheat production can throw this

system off balance greatly.

The General Assembly recognizes that many countries, not only China and Egypt,

suffer from droughts. The Assembly of China believes that if an extended drought occurs

in another developing country, it may lead the country into poverty. This would cause the

country’s population to become malnourished and diseases may develop. China proposes

that desalination plants could be set up globally to provide water purified through off

shore water treatment plants. Also, irrigation systems could be created that would allow

for expanded agricultural output to offset draughts. China realizes that this process will

be expensive, however the cost of these projects will offset the expense and suffering of

future avaoidable famines. Fundraisers can be held and/or volunteers could help with

the project.

The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

The General Assembly of China is aware of the concern many nations have when

brining up weaponization in outer space. Over a period of time, countries have competed

against one another with technology in outer space time and time again. This has now

created many concerns for many countries about an arms race/weaponization in outer

space.

The risks of weaponization within outer space are rising. Ensuring that

outer space stays a peaceful environment is an interest, hopefully, we all share.

Preventing an arms race in outer space has become a security challenge internationally.

China strongly opposes weaponization and an arms race in outer space. Both China and

Russia submitted a draft treaty (PPWT) to the Conference of Disarmament on the

Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force

Against Outer Space Objects in 2008.

China, as a member of the General Assembly, recognizes that an arms race and

weaponization increase will cause much more concern throughout the nation worldwide.

China proposes that space activity should be regulated to prevent the weaponizing of

space. This would keep an uprising arms race and weaponization from happening in outer

space.

Delegation from: Colombia

Represented by: Valley Forge High School

Committee: Position Paper for the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and

International Security (GA1)

Topic A: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Colombia sees how the safety of food due to political unrest in the world may be affected. Food

security is the “access by all to sufficient food for a healthy life” and it should be guaranteed, but

for many it is not. In a study of 2012-2014, 805 million were undernourished. Many other

committees and organizations have helped and reduced that number, but there is still work to be

done. The key focal points will be in Asia and Africa.

Being located in South America, Colombia has had its fair share of problems of sharing food

within its population. Around 3% of Colombia’s children are undernourished as of 2010. With a

population of over 45 million, 13 million live in poverty. Colombia would benefit greatly with

efficient ways of feeding its people and making sure the food is safe.

In order to secure the security of food, many adjustments must be made. It is possible for some

nations to practice a “self sufficiency “ policy where they try to use their arable land. There are

also the cases of a few countries exporting out tainted foods. In order to stop their people from

getting sick, nations should join together and create a sanction or embargo against the nation

selling unsafe products. There are also many small farms that can produce more than enough

food for themselves and others. They try to sell their goods at markets, but the prices are either

too high or selling little of an abundant amount of food would be wasteful. The country can try

creating a group where the farmers can share the products with a larger market while getting

insight how to price their goods. No food will go to waste. Furthermore, we have countries that

have weather patterns that make it impossible for a successful growing season. Irrigation

systems can be created and desalinization of ocean water can greatly improve the state of the

soil.

Delegation from: Colombia Represented by: Valley Forge High School Committee: Position Paper for the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International Security (GA1) Topic B: The Peaceful Use of Outer Space Colombia, as a member of the General Assembly, is aware of the paranoia some nations have when it comes to the use of technology in outer space. There is still much discussion due to the history some countries have with each other and the competition of technology in space. Since the mid 1960’s, treaties have been created among countries, but none state a ban on sending weapons into outer space.

The country of Colombia has been with this committee for years. Colombia signed one of the first space treaties, Outer Space Treaty in 1967. The country has ranked 52nd out of 126 counties with a military. Countries like Colombia do not compare to the military rankings of the United States, China, and Russia. The paranoia then exists. They would not be able to defend themselves if something were to happen in on land, let alone in outer space. The General Assembly can create much change in order to protect people of all nations

from a disaster in space. A creation of a checks and balance system can be created in order

to keep each nation in line with each other. Plus, an international project can be created.

Scientists from various nations can come together and work on something that can benefit

each one of the countries. Lastly, a treaty should be created where it specifically states that

any technology or weapon that would cause destruction or havoc would be banned from

ever entering outer space.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo

St. Edward High School

Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Instability

The Democratic Republic of the Congo believes that the issue of food security is an important

one because it has strong ties to unrest and political stability. The Democratic Republic of the

Congo, having a population where 40% of children are malnourished, will always welcome food

aid with open arms. We believe that in times of war and natural disaster it is essential for larger

more wealthy countries to help other countries in need. They can do this by providing lots of

food up front that is already made or cooked. Also after a natural disaster or war has ended and

the country is starting to rebuild it would be beneficial to provide the countries with crops, seeds,

and other long-term food aid supplies. In addition to the food aid the wealthier countries should

provide some education on the topic of growing healthier food, and on how to make the food

grow better.

In the past the DRC has supported various resolutions providing food aid to countries, and we

fully support an initiative to establish food aid as a political stabilizer. The DRC believes that

when the government is stable the food supply in the country will be stable, and when the food

supply is stable the government will be stable. It is an interconnected system but when a war or

natural disaster hits the system of a country will need help getting started up again and this is

why food aid from wealthier countries is necessary.

The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

The peaceful use of outer space is a very important topic to the Democratic Republic of the

Congo. As a poorer African nation some might ask why we even care about space, considering

that we should probably end child slave labor and mass governmental corruption before trying to

go into space or deal with the issues of space. Contrary to popular belief though, the DRC

actually has a blossoming space programme called Troposphere. This program has launched five

rockets, unfortunately only three of which have succeeded. This space programme brings hope

to a country that is hopeless. The DRC would ask that more developed countries who already

have space programmes would help fund the space programme of DRC. The DRC would also

like to ask that willing NGO’s and the United Nations would help fund the impoverished space

programme of third world countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo believes that space should not be controlled or

imperialised at all. Any country should be able to go anywhere in space, and no country should

be allowed to claim any plot of outer space as their own. Also no country should be allowed to

claim land on any extraterrestrial planets. If United Nations intervention is necessary to enforce

this, then so be it.

Regarding the use of launching spacecraft with the intention of holding weapons, especially

ballistic or nuclear missiles, in outer space, no country should be allowed to do so. The only way

to check that would require a U.N. investigation of all spacecraft being launched. Basically

rockets, satellites and all other spacecraft should be treated like nuclear reactors are. Thus, there

should be a penalty that would be placed upon a country for launching rockets without passing

the U.N. inspection. An example of such penalty would be to destroy the site of the rocket launch

via nuclear missile.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo currently has taken no previous actions on the topic of

peaceful use of outer space mainly because our own space programme is still small and young.

Though the DRC has a tiny space programme with a 60% success rate we are always willing to

look forward into the future with open eyes so that we may be a steward of world peace and an

example for all other African countries.

Delegation from: The Republic of El Salvador

Represented by: Rocky River High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The issues before the General Assembly are food security as it relates to unrest and stability and

the peaceful use of outer space. El Salvador is committed to do anything in its power to ensure

the important issues we are charged with addressing are resolved diplomatically and in such a

way that all will benefit.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Stability

Food security is achieved when all members of a population have consistent access to the

nutrition they need to live healthy lives. El Salvador recognizes that it is an integral part of

ensuring a society has the opportunity to grow and develop and care for its citizens adequately.

When people do not have a reliable food source, it becomes impossible for them to function in

society and is detrimental to every aspect of a nation’s wellbeing. As a middle income nation, El

Salvador does not suffer as much as some nations do in respect to hunger. However, income is

unevenly distributed and the country is very vulnerable to natural disasters. The country is also

familiar with poverty related instability, such as problems with violence and drugs. Thus, El

Salvador is quite sympathetic to all nations that experience food shortages and the delegation

looks forward to combatting the food insecurity as a factor in instability.

As El Salvador is particularly vulnerable to natural disasters, the delegation is especially worried

about the effect global climate change will have on our already vulnerable food supply. As a

tropical nation, hurricanes, rising sea levels and increased temperatures all could have potentially

devastating effects on El Salvador’s food stability, and later on the country’s political and social

stability. As El Salvador does receive nutrition-focused aid, we also are interested in supporting

programs that will work to provide struggling nations with help feeding their population and

ensuring that food aid is distributed fairly and evenly.

El Salvador has the highest of hopes that this conference will prove to be productive and

contribute to the goal of ensuring all peoples are safe and healthy no matter where they live. By

ensuring people in dangerous, instable living environments are adequately fed, we can alleviate

many negative consequences of unrest and simultaneously work proactively to prevent further

instability from arising as a result of hunger. By working diplomatically and with the best

interests of some of the world’s most vulnerable populations in mind, we will take a step toward

allowing all societies reach a point where citizens are consistently safe and healthy.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

El Salvador is wholeheartedly in favor of expanding on all technology and working to progress

technology to benefit all mankind. We also recognize that space exploration has allowed for

numerous discoveries and advancements in the last century. However, as with any technology,

there exists a very concerning potential for militarization and development of dangerous

weapons that threaten all who call Earth home. While El Salvador has neither weapons of mass

destruction nor a space program, it does not want to stop other countries from expanding their

technology and exploring outer space. Unfortunately, a weaponized space program could be

potentially dangerous to all countries, not just those who are threatened by countries with

weaponized space programs. Space travel is still new to the human race, and many risks

inherently exist in the development of any technology capable of propelling functional objects

through the atmosphere and into orbit of the planet. Adding bombs and missiles to this equation

not only allows for the possibility of more deadly and sophisticated warfare but also for the

uncertainty of accidental detonation, a potential threat that should not be introduced.

El Salvador is very supportive of the acquisition of new scientific information. It is vital to

human progress and is always beneficial to the human race. The development of new weaponry

however, leads to destruction and loss of life, often the loss of innocent lives. We must do

everything in our power to keep these two pursuits separate when it involves space travel. The

stakes are too high and the potential gains are limitless. Sacrificing the possibility of long term

exploration and discovery in outer space for an arms race is foolish and shortsighted. El Salvador

believes that we must do everything in our power to reach a diplomatic solution. It is simply

imperative that we secure the agreement of all nations that have the potential to turn yet another

new field of exciting scientific research into an aggressive game that destroys lives.

As a nation that is unlikely to be involved in space exploration or hostilities with a nation that is

armed with outer space technology at any point in the near future, the delegation from El

Salvador feels that it is capable of providing rational, unbiased oversight and advice to countries

who are more likely to be directly affected by such activities. We look forward to working

cooperatively to find a solution that will allow for a worldwide safety and scientific progress

among all countries who have a stake in space exploration. El Salvador promotes a diplomatic

solution that allows for the maximum amount of progress while still protecting the interests and

lives of all those for whom we are responsible.

Submitted by: France

Committee: General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International Security

Programme (GA1)

Topic A: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food Security in France

Food security is defined as “access by all to sufficient food for an active, healthy life.”

Food security relies on several factors such as literacy rates, the level of the farmers education,

agricultural research and extension capacity, transport infrastructure, social support systems,

international security confidence in international trade, domestic civil strife international capital

movements, etc.

Previously, France has tried to develop a more sustainable food production system in

hope of enforcing a ‘green’ economy. Between 2012 and 2013, Grenelle laws were passed

which promoted the concept of an “ecologically intensive agriculture”. Importantly, the effect of

these laws caused an expansion of organic production and consumption and farm energy

independence.

Recently, France proposed a three step solution to the problem of food security. The

Agricultural Market Information System Initiative addresses the issue of agricultural commodity

prices. The goal of this system is to allow consumers to grasp a better understanding of global

crops and reserves. Also, this system establishes food reserves in developing countries. In

addition, France seeks to find a solution to the endless food waste found in each country. The

food waste refers to both the agricultural and consumer sectors. Finally, France is attempting to

develop agro ecology throughout the world. The goal of agro ecology is to double the economic

and environmental performance in the agricultural sector of our economy. Acro ecology places

an emphasis on training for farmers, mobilisation of research and research development, creation

of an agro ecological self-assessment tool, renewal of public support, and implementation of

regular monitoring and evaluation. Farmers are being taught to adapt towards agroecology.

They are being trained to use their resources more efficiently.

Although France is very sufficient in regard to the topic of food security with relation to

unrest and political stability, we plan to enforce these policies throughout Europe and the rest of

the world. In order to implement these policies it is necessary for other countries to comply and

strive for a more efficient change in their agricultural system.

"France Chooses Agro-Ecology for a More Sustainable Agriculture." (n.d.): n. pag. Gain Report.

15 Jan. 2013. Web. 15 Feb. 2016.

Submitted by: France

Committee: General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International Security

Programme (GA1)

Topic B: The Peaceful use of Outer Space

Use of Outer Space in France

Historically, the militarization of outer space has caused severe disputes between

countries. Therefore, France, along with numerous other countries, recognizes that it is of great

importance to prevent an outer space arms race. France has approved a draft that calls upon all

countries, especially those with ‘major space capabilities’, to act peacefully with regard to outer

space in order to avert danger for international peace and security.

France, along with the United States, Russia, and the Republic of Korea are in favor of

the European Union (EU) Code of Conduct for Outer Space. The EU Code of Conduct reasserts

the necessity for peaceful co-ownership of activities in outer space. Certain space assets offer

aid to countries. However, these benefits are now in danger due to space debris, destructive

collisions, the crowding of satellites, and the growing saturation of the radio-frequency spectrum.

It is necessary for all countries to comply with the European Union Code of Conduct in order to

preserve the safety and benefits of outer space. This document suggests that countries should

diligently care and aim to build confidence among space actors worldwide. France calls upon

“taking forward the European Space Policy.” France believes that the European space policies

call upon: the European Union, the European Space Agency and their member states. France

proposes new initiatives, in regard to space technology, that could help solve problems related to

climate change, employment, etc. Therefore, it is necessary for all countries to actively promote

the safety and wellness of outer space so that everyone is able to fully appreciate the benefits it

offers.

"European External Action Service." European Union. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2016.

"France's Role in European Space Policy." France Diplomatie. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2016.

Delegation from: Georgia

Represented by: Rocky River High School

Position Paper for General Assembly

The issues before the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International

Security are: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability; and The Peaceful use

of Outer Space. Canada is devoted to the protection of the rights of all people and expresses its

hope for further advancement in cooperation between state and nonstate actors in the advocacy

and advancement of these rights.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability.

Ensuring that all Georgians are food secure is an important element of that standard of living we

all cherish. This Plan is a significant step forward in developing a national approach to address

food insecurity in Georgia and abroad. It builds on our longtime involvement in international

efforts which began with our participation. Since then, we have been an active member of the

multilateral system, and we have worked with and supported a wide variety of other international

organizations, thousands of community-based groups and Georgian voluntary organizations in a

dedicated effort to end hunger at home and abroad.

Georgia’s Action Plan for Food Security is a reflection of this experience. It is the result of

extensive consultations with our partners in Georgia and abroad, and I am most grateful for their

contributions. Together with representatives from all levels of government in Georgia, they have

crafted a road map for the Georgian contribution to the World Food Summit target of reducing

by half the number of undernourished people no later than the year 2015 and to eventual food

security for all.

Priority 1: The right to food reiterates Georgia's belief that this right is an important element in

food security and underscores the need to better define the meaning of this right, and the actions

required to implement it. Actions include civil society support to the International Code of

Conduct on the Human Right to Adequate Food, and all sector participation in national and

international efforts to clarify the meaning of the right to food towards its full and progressive

realization.

Priority 2: The reduction of poverty is an important element in the strategy for addressing food

insecurity in both domestic and international actions, based on the notion that a key condition for

food security is access to sufficient resources to purchase or grow food. International actions are

influenced by Georgia's poverty reduction focus in its development assistance program; actions

include maintaining or exceeding the 25% Official Development Assistance (ODA) target for

investments in basic human needs such as food and nutrition, education and primary health care.

The Plan also reaffirms Georgia's commitment to engaging citizens in policy making and

program design in the area of poverty reduction. Priority 3: Promotion of access to safe and

nutritious food is seen as a critical component of food security. In developing countries, actions

on micronutrient and vitamin supplementation of foods contribute to improved nutrition.

Breastfeeding is also highlighted as critical to infant health and nutrition worldwide. In Georgia,

commitment to this is furthered through actions to support working mothers, hospital programs,

mother and child health care. Beyond the promotion and protection of breastfeeding and other

food security conditions, caring practices, and health and education measures are important for

the nutrition security of mothers and children, particularly, but not only, in developing countries.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space.

Since the early days of the space era the international community has strongly endorsed the use

of outer space for “peaceful” purposes. Although the term appears in many UN documents and

space law treaties, still, more than 47 years after the launching of Sputnik I, the term “peaceful”

still lacks an authoritative definition. The initial and widespread interpretation of the term

“peaceful” in relation to outer space was “non-military” and it seemed to be shared by both the

United States and USSR. However, soon after the launching of the early artificial satellites, the

United States started to change its position in regard to the meaning of the term “peaceful uses”,

claiming that the term means “non-aggressive” rather than “non-military.” According to this

view, all military uses of outer space were to be permitted and considered lawful as long as they

remain “non-aggressive”, according to Article 2 of the UN Charter, which prohibits the “threat or

use of force.”

For several years in the beginning of the Space Era, Soviet Union maintained the position that

“peaceful” meant “non-military” and that all military activities in outer space were non-peaceful

and possibly unlawful. However, even during that period, the Soviets continued to place into

orbit a growing number of military payloads and grew increasingly dependent on space

technology in their military planning. Eventually, however, the Soviet Union and other States

sharing the original interpretation of “peaceful” appeared to have accepted that outer space may

be used for military purposes (Vlasic, 1995). This change in position was summarized by a

representative of a Western delegation in the Ad Hoc Committee on the Prevention of an Arms

Race in Outer Space of the Conference on Disarmament according to whom: “even though in

some contexts ‘peaceful’ means ‘nonmilitary’, any ambiguity has been clarified by State practice

which had not been contradicted in a forceful manner by any State formally protesting military

utilization of space.”

Delegation from: India

Represented by: North Olmsted High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly and Disarmament and International Security

The issues before the General Assembly and Disarmament and International Security are: Food

Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability; and The Peaceful Use of Outer space.

These matters are deeply important to India to which they take great interest in finding the

solution to these problems.

I. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

India today has a space program where they frequently launch neutral satellites into space call

the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). They even have plans for a mission to mars in

coming years. India has signed many treaties regarding space for the United Nations and others

treaties relating towards space. What India has to consider protecting is their country's borders

from their neighboring nation, which they do not have good relations with i.g. Pakistan and other

middle eastern powers. The United States is India's number one arms supplier right behind

russia. India has no interest in provoking conflict but rather wants to be able to protect

themselves. India also has no interest into weaponizing space and have nothing thats is orbiting

space that is a weapon or defence. But rather use space as a medium to getting weapons from

point A to Point B.

India is interested in signing treaties and furthering peaceful relations in space. But they also

have to keep in mind protecting themselves. They did sign the Treaty on Principles Governing

the Activities of States in the Exploration and use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and other

Extensional Bodies, which says that no one owns outer space and that it's for the future

generations. And signed the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer

Space and Underwater. This shows that they are taking steps forward to use space for scientific

rather than weaponizing or militarizing space.

II. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

India believes that Food stability is extremely important to its country and strives to make food

accessible to its entire population. India is home to 25% of the world's hungry population, It’s

estimated that 43% of the children under the ages of 5 are malnourished. India starvations rates

are on the decline compared to what they used to be. From what India's Poverty has been on the

decline, From 37.2% in 2004-05 to 29.8% in 2009-10.

India's poverty is one of the underlying causes for Food stability. India's poverty rate is high and

its density is around 436 per sq. Km of land. Although only 4.3% of the population is

unemployed from 2000. However because of overwhelming poverty it's harder for people to

access financial resources, education, social services, and health care. But India has shown that

their economy is beginning to continuously grow and demands for infrastructure will grow

which again will create more jobs and higher wages.

Global Warming is a serious problem for India’s agriculture since they produce the majority of

their own food i.g. rice, wheat, maize, and soybeans. Global warming studies suggest that the

average temperature will rise two degrees in the ocean. Although this might not seem drastic but

it will create more frequent and more disastrous cyclones in the Indian Ocean. Destroying Farms

and crop production causing a country wide shortage of food. Also Climate change will change

the growing zones of some plants making it harder to produce and harvest. India is one of the

world's biggest producers of pollution. It’s is in their best interest to cut down. Although it is

difficult since they are in the stages of industrializing and creating more factory jobs in efforts to

boost the economy.

Other countries promote food stability by making many efforts. One if these efforts is to make

food widely accessible and and by sustainably increasing agricultural production and

productivity. Secondly by ensuring that there is quality nutritious food by diversifying eating

diets and integrating nutrition and food safety considerations. Thirdly to increase control over

global food system to increase cooperation, organization, and reliability on food security issues

at the national, regional, and international levels.

Committee: GA1

Delegation from: The Italian Republic

Represented by: Berea-Midpark High School

General Assembly First Committee Disarmament and International Security The issues facing the General Assembly are: Food security as it relates to unrest and political

stability; and, the peaceful uses of Outer space. Italy is determined to come to a solution

regarding these topics as it affects all countries around the world, and hope that countries will

work together in order to solve these issues.

I. Food Security As It Relates To Unrest and Political Stability Throughout the world many countries do not have enough food to feed their population.

Thus, the United Nations has been trying to provide the world with sufficient amounts of food to

end world hunger. However, Food Security is still a growing concern since the beginning of the

United Nations. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), almost 1 billion

people suffer from chronic hunger and almost 2 billion are not fed enough. Many resolutions

have been passed but due to conflicts, weather, and high prices the U.N has been unable to

provide enough to all the nations in need.

The promotion of food security has been a major priority in Italy. Italy has contributed to

resolutions such as the World Food Summit global commitment to reduce the number of hungry

people by half. The Memorandum of Understanding, which is a program sponsored by the FAO,

provides money to countries that have food deficit. Italy also contributed to the FAO Global

Trust Fund for Food Security by giving money. The G8 sponsored the Aquila Food Security

Initiative, which reaffirmed a global partnership for food security for vulnerable populations.

Italy will continue its commitment to Food Security to rid the world of hunger.

The world grows enough food to sustain the world, but the problem is the high prices of

food. Food prices are increasing because of natural disasters and conflicts in certain

countries. Italy proposes that the General Assembly reduce the cost of food by providing food to

those countries in need, for instance countries that have a severe drought. Also, Italy proposes

that all able countries help provide food to countries in need and increase food production in

developing countries. By doing this the world’s hunger will be reduced.

II. The Peaceful Uses Of Outer Space As we further explore our world, space is the final frontier, and it is essential for the security

and equality of the delegations to have equal, safe access to that frontier and its resources. Many

countries have been using space peacefully for over ten years including the European Union and

its allies; space has provided much advancement in research such as meteorology and

agriculture. In order to maintain the peaceful use of space strict laws that regulate what is put

into space.

The European Space Agency (ESA) has been devoted to making advancements in technology

and space exploration. The ESA and its allies have used space peacefully by sending spacecraft

like the Mars Rover, to further explore the universe and gaining a better understanding of how

the universe works. Another way the ESA has peacefully used space was by, with the help of

nations like the United States and Russia building the International Space Station that has made

much advancement in furthering scientific fields like Medicine and Meteorology. Italy strides to

create equal and safe access to space for all nations with the help of the U.N.

In order to create equal and safe access to Outer space Italy believes that we must create strict

regulations that regulate what is sent into space. Italy proposes that those regulations state that

nothing can be put into space that has not been inspected by U.N personal to maintain that

everything in space has no chance of infringing on countries sovereignty. Italy also proposes

that the U.N make an International Space Agency (ISA) that all countries that accept to these

terms are allowed into. The countries in the ISA would share some technologies which would

allow all countries to have equal use of space. The countries in the ISS would be subject to

inspections of space facilities to maintain that all things put into space pose no threat to any other

country.

Delegation from: Japan

Represented by: St. Vincent-St. Mary High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The issues before the General Assembly are: Food security as it relates to unrest and political

stability; and The peaceful use of outer space. Japan is devoted to the protection of food for all

people and the research of outer space as expresses its hope for political stability in cooperation

between state and nonstate actors in the advocacy and advancement of these conditions.

I. Food Security as It Relates to Unrest and Political Stability.

“A convergence of factors has made food security one of the most important global issues. An

increasing population wants a more varied diet, but is trying to grow more food on less land with

limited access to water, all the time facing increased costs for fertiliser, and fuel for storage and

transport.” As how it was explained from The Global Food Security, there is no doubt that The

United Nations has to realize that the Food Security issue that has been bothering the nations

internationally is caused by the instability of each nation's political stand and their role as

partners with other nations.

Japan is the world's second biggest economy but it struggles to produce enough food, only 39%

of the food the Japanese need is grown in Japan. Farming is hard work and it is unclear who will

replace the current generation of farmers when they retire as the farm is not, on the whole, a

career destination for young Japanese. Consequently, the amount of food produced in Japan is in

steady decline and the amount imported continues to increase. By far the largest quantity of

imported food comes from the US, followed by China and Australia.

Japan has consistently supported treaties and resolutions focused on the importance of food and

its security. Therefore, Japan would like to introduce the income compensation system for

individual farming households; Raising food self-sufficiency to 50%; Promotion of rural areas by

expanding into secondary and tertiary business based on agriculture; last but not least, fully

addressing management issues of food supply process. Because stable food supply to the citizens

shall be secured by increased domestic agricultural production as a base together with

appropriate combination of import and reserve. Food security in terms of demand and access

should be examined in addition to efforts in terms of supply being made by securing enough

food. We should consider demand issues, such as the quality and nutrition of food and dietary

life, and, at the same time, access issues such as the physical availability of food. Japan

Delegation would also like to address that food security to be one of its six major policies

designed to achieve comprehensive national security. One of the clearest linkages between food

security and traditional national security occurs when it affects a nation’s armed forces, in order

for a country to have a viable military force, it must be able to provide that force with adequate

food supplies. Therefore, governments eager on maintaining their power and influence will

probably ensure that their armed forces receive adequate food supplies, even when the entire

country faces severe food shortages. Japan firmly believes that in the mean time of gathering

food from other countries, it also weakens our national defence. Thus, the international

community must make it more accessible for nations to not only have a stable food supply, but

also strengthen, or at least develop national defence for armed forces especially in developing

countries.

II. The Peaceful use of Outer space.

In order to develop a secured planet, one must partake in outer space development. And it is

ineffable how much it would mean to a country being recognized as a member who saved our

planet, reinforcing the nation. The Committee was tasked with reviewing international

cooperation in peaceful uses of outer space, studying space-related activities that could be

undertaken by the United Nations.

Numerous programs were carried out in support of International Space Year and culminated in

1992. "Mission to Planet Earth," which was the main part of the International Space Year,

experienced scientists worldwide using space technologies to judge threats to the earth's

environment like global warming, deforestation, and ozone depletion. Subsequently, the General

Assembly recommended that the United Nations should encourage all activities that began in the

International Space Year to continue and promote involvement in those activities by more

nations. Thailand now stands ready to supply information on disasters obtained through a

satellite, and had become one of the four nations -- together with India, Japan and the Republic

of Korea –- to share timely and in-depth information with Sentinel Asia, a regional project on

satellite information for disaster management.

Japan would accelerate diplomatic efforts towards formulation of appropriate rules in space

activities to develop human resources so that people could play a leading role in space-related

international forums. Additionally, Japan would use its space technology to protect human

beings from the threat of disasters, climate change and other catastrophic events. On climate

change, Japan would contribute to the exploration of policy options, through the Japanese

satellite “IBUKI”, which measured greenhouse gases on the global level with high accuracy. It

would also contribute to resolving the global environmental and energy problems through

leading-edge research and development, and promote space science and human space activities.

Japan was also promoting international cooperation via, among other things, DAICHI, Advanced

Land Observing Satellite. Through official development assistance (ODA), it had supplied

developing countries with modern astronomical equipment, and in collaboration with educational

and space agencies in developing countries, Japan would continue to work towards identifying

the best ways to promote space education and to support sustainable development in those

countries. Japan would seek to further enhance international cooperation, along with members of

the United Nations and Outer Space Committee, for the benefit of all.

Kenya

Lakewood High School

UN General Assembly

Topic I: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

The Republic of Kenya affirms the importance of food security for all people, recognizing the atrophy

and conflict that food shortages can beget. Kenya itself has experiencing severe food shortages as recently

as 2011, a crisis which affirmed our belief in the necessity of universal food security. If a population

cannot be secure in its access to food, it cannot be secure at all. With the Earth’s population increasing a

rate of seventy-five million people a year and already exceeding seven billion in total, the world’s ability

providing permanent access to proper food resources is more important than ever. Fortunately, our

modern technological resources have advanced agriculture enough to enable the world to meet the needs

of these billions.

The Republic of Kenya supports action taken against food insecurity around the world and affirms the

importance of food security to a peaceful planet. Kenya has previously worked with the United Nations

World Food Programme in their “Food For Assets” initiative to buffer communities from the worst

effects of food crises and promote their food independence. Kenya sees these goals as necessary to

overcome food insecurity in the short and long run, respectively.

The Republic of Kenya is a proud member of the African Union and is very enthusiastic about the AU’s

coalition with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations known as the Renewed

Partnership to End Hunger. The Renewed Partnership to End Hunger aims to end hunger on the continent

by the year 2025. With this apparatus in place Kenya has agreed to legislation such as the Strategic Food

Reserve Trust Fund in 2015, which works towards the stability of food prices and availability in the

country through reserves of food supplies.

The Republic of Kenya believes that the above existing initiatives are fit to be the models for other

productive food security agreements in the future. We see great value in any forward-looking agreement

which promotes the end result of sustainable agriculture in all impoverished and wealthy nations so as to

fend off mass hunger and the instability it can lead to for a long time to come. This, we believe, is the key

to achieving the Millennium Development Goals of ending hunger and ensuring lasting food

sustainability by 2030.

Kenya

Lakewood High School

UN General Assembly

Topic II: Peaceful Use of Outer Space

The Republic of Kenya believes that peaceful utilization and exploration of outer space is necessary to ensure a safe, technologically advanced future for the planet. The idea of an international agreement to keep the final frontier a free and peaceful place for scientific advancement was fomented in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. Kenya affirms that the premise set into law by this landmark treaty remain critical for a stable future of space exploration.

The Republic of Kenya, though not a spacefaring nation, recognizes the importance of safe and sustainable use of outer space and the need for a broad coalition of nations, spacefaring or not, to be engaged in decision making with regards to this important issue. Kenya’s first major involvement with agreements on outer space was in 1973, in joining the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. Kenya formally agreed to the Outer Space Treaty in 1984, which prohibited the presence of weapons on celestial bodies or weapons of mass destruction anywhere in outer space, as well as defining all of outer space as the common heritage of mankind, meaning that no state may claim territory in space for themselves. Kenya continues to affirm its support for the Outer Space Treaty and its demand that space be used with the good of all mankind in mind.

Kenya also has agreed to the 1971 Space Liability Convention, holding any nation who launches an object into outer space liable for it should it crash to Earth. Kenya’s agreement to this treaty is significant, because by virtue of its status as a non-spacefaring nation, it is critical for the Republic of Kenya that it can feel safe with all of the spacefaring activities of other nations. There is still room to improve the peaceful security of outer space -- for instance, the Outer Space Treaty, monumental as it is, does not prevent the proliferation of conventional weapons in space. With space travel and exploration still a nascent frontier, Kenya affirms that it remains essential for the United nations continue its efforts to make space exploration safe for every nation, both the spacefarers and the bystanders, and that it remains peaceful and open to all mankind for years to come.

Delegation from: Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Represented by: Magnificat High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The issues before the General Assembly are Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political

Stability and the Peaceful Use of Space. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia seeks to

guarantee the rights of all persons through negotiations and cooperation with other nations.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food security is considered to be the supply of food and one’s ability to access a food supply.

According to Article 25 clause one of the UN Declaration of Human Rights, “Everyone has the

right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family,

including food…”. Efforts by numerous government organizations and NGOs, such as the UN’s

Millennium Development Goal, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN and the

World Food Programme, have been made to decrease the number of hungry and food insecurity

throughout the world.

The UN’s efforts to decrease the amount of global poverty by the year… are outlined in the

Millennium Development Goal. Although only 2.4% of the Macedonian population is near the

poverty line and only 0.1% is considered to be in severe poverty, the FYR Macedonia supports

the idea of eliminating or decreasing poverty throughout the world. As of 2015 climate change

and the recent influx of refugees has caused difficulties in the nation. The FYR Macedonia has

experienced similar issues in the past most recently in 1999 when there was an influx of Kosovar

refugees. However the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN states that the influx of

refugees did not destabilize the amount of food nationally, however since most refugees lived

with host families, there was an increase in poverty within the homes of host families nation

wide. Although no data pertaining to the effect of the current rise of refugees inundating the FYR

Macedonia has been released, it is unclear whether food will remain secure nationally or if it will

become insecure do to the sudden and rapid increase in refugees settling in and passing through

FRY Macedonia.

The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYR Macedonia) acknowledges that food

security needs to increase globally and that food insecurity can be caused by numerous factors.

Due to the current increase in refugees in the Balkan states and throughout Europe, the FYR

Macedonia believes that a committee should be established to provide aid to those countries that

have the highest rates of poverty in the word. Since many third world nations have corrupt

governments, the FYR of Macedonia advises that the committee oversee the use of the funds

within the nation to ensure the money is not being used to inappropriately. By providing

countries with aid to strictly be used to improve living conditions, amount of food available to

the population will increase. The FYR strongly believes that in order to sustain food security that

nations must have an adequate supply of food produced within the nation and obtain food from

other nations. This will enable the nation to rely on food within its country if there is a shortage

in a nearby country and it will enable the nation to rely on food from other nations if the country

experiences a shortage itself.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

As technology advances at an exponential growth rate, the ability to reach and experiment in

space becomes more of a reality for a majority of nations. This increased access to outer space

increases the possibility of an arms race in space. No research shows what will occur if weapons

are used in outer space and therefore many nations wish to establish a peaceful use of outer

space. Although treaties have been signed between many nations to keep peace in space, such as

the 1963 Partial Test Ban Treaty and the Outer Space Treaty, these technological and weaponry

advances have caused new fears of detrimental use of space, to erupt. The Former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia (FYR of Macedonia) is dedicated to promoting peaceful use of outer

space specifically in ways that will benefit mankind. Macedonia and other member states of the

EU, stress that it is imperative to prevent an arms race in space.

Although historically, the FYR of Macedonia has not been as involved with outer space

programs as other developed nations, it strives become involved with operations in outer space.

During the First Committee of the 67th

session of the General Assemble of the United Nations, a

statement was made regarding the European Union’s view on “Outer Space”. This statement

acknowledges the collaboration of many nations of the EU, including the FYR of Macedonia, to

develop an outline of an International Code of Conduct for Outer Space activities. According to

the proposal, the International Code of Conduct for Outer Space is a code that strongly advises

member states to preserve the security and integrity of objects in space, the freedom to use space

peacefully, consideration for national sovereignty in regards to the security and defense needs of

the state. The code stresses the need for an increase in transparency between nations to enlighten

other states of their involvements in outer space.

The FYR of Macedonia recognizes that preventing an arms race in outer space is extremely

important to the global community. As technology becomes more advanced, the FYR of

Macedonia believes that a new treaty should be drafted to further the idea established in the

Outer Space Treaty. The FYR of Macedonia supports the establishment of the International Code

of Conduct for Outer Space or a similar piece of legislation. By adopting an international code or

treaty agreeing only peaceful use of outer space, there would be more security between nations

and the global population that there is a decreased chance of an arms race in outer space.

Submitted by: Malaysia Committee: United Nations General Assembly

School: Rocky River High School

Topic I: The Peaceful use of Outer Space

In 1959 the United Nations General Assembly established the Committee on the Peaceful Uses

of Outer Space. The committee contains 77 members, including Malaysia who joined in

1994. The promotion of peace in outer space is critical to every country's existence due to

advancing technologies. Outer space is a key focus of discussion, and Malaysia is committed to

participating in discussions and forums about its peaceful use. Thanks to the United Nations,

many committees, and programs have been developed, including The Program on Space

Applications. This program is critical to space development and focuses on, “ training courses

and pilot projects on topics that include remote sensing, satellite navigation, satellite

meteorology, tele-education and basic space sciences” as quoted by the UNGA. Malaysia would

encourage everyone in the General Assembly to participate in this program because as the United

Nations, it is our job to promote peace.

Every country has their own national interests, and everyone wants their interests protected, and

peaceful resolutions can do that. Malaysia is prepared to collaboratively work with the member

states to help suit everyone's interests. Many smaller countries don't believe they would have an

interest in space because of a lack of internal development, however everyone deserves a say in

outer space matters especially when it comes to matters of security. We need to make sure that

no one country has a monopoly over space and technology and in order to do that, there needs to

be a system of checks and balances in space legislation. While operational missiles are critical

of satellite technology we need to provide vulnerable countries with appropriate defense

systems. Recently Malaysia's neighboring country, North Korea, has been inappropriately firing

missiles and threatening bordering South Korea. It is the job of the United Nations to halt

violent nations satellite programs if they are jeopardizing the security of another nation with a

preemptive strike. It is also in the hands of the UN space program to help build a coalition to

provide South Korea with appropriate defense systems if their sovereignty is being

jeopardized. In the past few years, North Korea has advanced its satellite programs. While

everyone should have the opportunity to use space to defend and arm themselves, the

international community should also have a set of guidelines surrounding this matter. Space is

the future of all advanced warfare, and if proper guidelines are not in place we could end

destroying our planet and ourselves. Malaysia is prepared to protect our future and use space to

make our world a safer place.

Topic II: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food security was defined in a study of Asian pacific countries as "access by all to sufficient

food for an active, healthy life". Many times food security is a problem due to a country's

economic policies and political structure. A prime example of this is the Democratic Republic of

Korea, a neighbor of Malaysia. North Korea has been run by totalitarian dictators since 1948

and has remained in a state of political unrest since after the Korean War in 1953. Their food

production has been in decline since 1998 and it is estimated that around 2.4 million people have

died of starvation in North Korea. Malnutrition has also been a consistent problem for North

Korea; around 62% of their children under the age of 7 have experienced stunted growth

according to a study by the world food program. When people are dying of food shortage it is

understood that they will blame the government responsible. Political protests in North Korea

are imprisoned and killed. As much as Malaysia would like to send a political message to the

government of North Korea to feed its people, we also do not want to start riots and uprisings.

Being a neighbor of North Korea, Malaysia would prefer to not involve ourselves in sending

political messages, but instead sending humanitarian support. It is our responsibility as the

General Assembly to not have political motives, but to instead do what is best for the interests of

all people and all countries. Malaysia would like to continue previous efforts of sending food to

the citizens of North Korea and to further develop a coalition of willing countries to provide

food. There have also been food shortages in war-torn countries like Somalia and

Syria. Withholding food should not be a political tool to lead to desired revolutions. Everyone

has a right to food and it is not the place of the general assembly to decide whether or not a

country receives aid. As the United Nations, most of us have agreed to not use nuclear weapons

and chemical weapons as political tools to get our way. Food security is similar in the way that

withholding food is a political weapon. We need to make sure that no country is starving its

people into submission just like a country that is oppressing its people with weaponry. All

capable countries should be encouraged to join a coalition to help provide food to countries in

need. One incentive to provide food could be solely political gratification for those countries

leaders who have helped humanitarian efforts. Another incentive could also be the voluntary

forming of alliances of countries with similar humanitarian interests. Finally there exists the

proposal of the installation of UN peacekeepers to make sure the food given is divided amongst

all citizens, not just the wealthy and politically aligned. Malaysia is prepared to work with any

country willing to promote food security as an essential human right no matter the country or its

current political government.

Delegation from: Montenegro

Represented by: Magnificat High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The issues before the General Assembly are: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political

Stability; and The Peaceful Use of Outer Space. Montenegro is devoted to stabilizing the safety

of its citizens and of all people by increasing food security and securing the peaceful use of

Outer Space. Montenegro expresses its hope for further cooperation between state and

commercial actors to achieve these two goals.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Instability

Montenegro believes that in addition to its obvious health benefits, food security is inextricably

linked to international issues including the global environment, sustainable economic

development, international trade, and political stability. Thus, Montenegro highly favors

legislation that supports cooperation between state and non-state actors to advance food security

worldwide.

Although food security is not specifically mentioned or guaranteed in Montenegro’s

Constitution, Montenegro’s Constitution specifies that accepted international law has supremacy

over Montenegrin law. As Montenegro became a State party in 2006 by ratification to the 1966

International Covenant on Social, Economic, and Cultural Rights which enumerates the right to

adequate living standards for all, including the right to adequate food, Montenegro is dedicated

to advancing food security worldwide. Several other international agreements, including the

1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the

Child contribute to Montenegro’s devotion to improving food security. Furthermore, Montenegro

joined the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2007, demonstrating its commitment to

the cause. In collaboration with the FAO, Montenegro has committed to objectives shaped by the

2015-2019 FAO Country Programming Framework including improving rural incomes to reduce

rural poverty. In pursuit of this goal, Montenegro and the FAO will support small farmer

inclusion in shorter food chains to increase competitiveness and sustainability in rural

development.

As a firm supporter of food security improvement both domestically and internationally,

Montenegro favors legislation that provides development assistance to farmers in remote rural

areas to promote food availability as well as legislation that supports shorter food chains with

increased access to local products to promote food access. Montenegro also favors legislation

that increases education and introduction of agricultural technologies, especially among less-

developed nations, without impeding on national sovereignty. Montenegro believes that such

legislation would increase food security, thus increasing political stability and decreasing unrest

among nations and Montenegro expresses its hope that state actors will collaborate to create

these policies.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Montenegro firmly supports legislation permitting the peaceful use of Outer Space for activities

that benefit all people. Montenegro believes that the peaceful use of Outer Space can contribute

to solving pressing issues that face our global community such as climate change, resource

scarcity, and job creation and that commercial use of Outer Space will boost many areas of

industry, thus inducing job creation and socioeconomic improvement domestically and

internationally.

Montenegro supports international legislation on the peaceful use of Outer Space, as evidenced

by its alignment with the European Union’s 22 October 2013 Statement on International

Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space at the 68th Session of the United Nations

General Assembly Fourth Committee. It is currently estimated that 6 to 7 percent of EU GDP is

dependent on the civilian-controlled Galileo Satellite Navigation System which is co-funded by

the EU, and this percentage is expected to increase in the future. Additionally, the EU

Copernicus program, an Earth observation program, cooperates with the UN to provide

emergency-related services to UN agencies such as the UN Office for the Coordination of

Humanitarian Affairs and the World Food Programme. As an EU candidate and a UN member

nation, Montenegro recognizes the significant benefits that programs such as the Galileo Satellite

Navigation System and the EU Copernicus program can provide for the Montenegrin

government and people as well as the global community at large.

An increasing amount of space debris and space traffic has become an urgent threat to existing

and future space activities. Recognizing the great impact that peaceful use of Outer Space has on

Montenegro and on the world at large, Montenegro is in favor of voluntary legislation, such as an

improved version of the International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities, that would

increase transparency, regulate space traffic and debris, and allow for peaceful interaction

between international actors in Outer Space without impeding on national sovereignty.

Delegation from: New Zealand

Represented by: Westlake High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly First Committee: Disarmament and International

Security

The topics before the General Assembly today are: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and

Political Stability and The Peaceful use of Outer Space. New Zealand strongly wishes to keep

food secure and to maintain political stability in every country. New Zealand is dedicated to

finding a peaceful use of outer space; one in which every country is content with.

Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Household food security exists when all members, at all times, have access to enough food for an

active, healthy life. Food Security is a growing problem in many countries around the world

expecially in African contries, however has shown extreme growth in 1st world contries like he

United States.(World Health Orginazation)

Food Security is a growing area of concern for many New Zealanders. Food security according

to Otago University is characterized as having at all times enough nutritionally adequate food for

a healthy life. (Otago University Research) In New Zealand 59.1% of people were fully/almost

fully food secure, 33.8% moderately food secure and 7.1% were of low food security status.

(NZEO). The proportion of New Zealanders who identified as having fully/almost full food

security has also significantly declined from 76% in the National Nutrition Survey 1997 to 59%

in the Adult Nutrition Survey 2008/09 (Otago University Research). Food plays an important

social and cultural role in all Pacific societies, over and above human biological needs for

nourishment and survival, however the New Zealand government currently is taking no steps to

help the people in it’s country though it is now becoming a concern for many around the

country.(Obesity Action Coalition)

The people of New Zealand want the support of the United Nations in a mission to decrease the

large percentage of citizens struggling with food security. New Zealand has two extremes has it

has a major struggle with obesity, as well as food shortages. The primary aim of the Task Force

is to promote a comprehensive and unified response of the international community to the

challenge of achieving global food and nutrition security. More recently HLTF has been also

put in charge of developing joint positions of its membership around the five elements of the

Zero Hunger Challenge.The HLTF, High Level Task Force on Global Food and Nutrition

Security, has done a lot of good in this field, however it has focused mainly on African

Countries, which does little to help the country of New Zealand. The people of New Zealand

would like the HLTF to expand its area of concern to other areas of the world especially to

Pacific Countries like New Zealand.

II. The Peaceful use of Outer Space

The Outer Space Treaty signed by the USA, and USSR was the first step in a joint desire for

mankind to explore space not for a single nation to exert dominance over space exploration. The

treaty sought to establish political and legal guidelines to ensure man’s expansion into space be

done for the benefit of all nations irrespective of economic wealth or scientific development. In

signing this Outer Space Treaty, the US and USSR agreed not to place any nuclear weapons or

weapons of mass destruction into Earth orbit, on the moon, on any other celestial body, or install

them on any orbiting space station. It also made it so that space exploration could never be made

into a military exploration, and so that a military station cannot be established in outer space, or

on any celestial body. The treaty stat that any celestial body or part of outer space without an

established structure controlled by a country is to be considered international waters. (Discovery

News)

According to the DPRK space program, a joint space exploration organization of The

Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, South Korea, and New Zealand, they have devoted

themselves to peaceful exploration of space. They believe that it is the international right of all to

be able to peacefully explore space. The most recent space mission from this program was in the

year 1986. (DPRK UN Representatives) New Zealand currently has no large space program.

They have no personal desire in the exploration of space.

The people of New Zealand have little to do with space exploration, however strongly support

the peaceful exploration of space. In New Zealand’s opinion it is the unalienable right of man to

be able to explore space, however the exploration of space should be for the desire to explore the

unknown, not as a way to establish dominance over another country. They continue to agree with

the United Nations stance on space exploration as a joint mission of all mankind.

GA1

Delegation from: Republic of Poland

Represented by: Berea-Midpark High School

First Committee: Disarmament and International Security

Position Paper for UN General Assembly

The nation of Poland comes to the table of negotiation today at the United Nations

General Assembly to discuss the following issues: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and

Political Stability and The Peaceful use of Outer Space. The Republic of Poland looks to

cooperate with the international community and awaits coming to a negotiation with the

situations at hand. The nation of Poland would like to address these problems and propose

attempts to combat them.

Topic I: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability In other countries around the world, food extremely easy to get. For instance America

has one of the lowest food costs in the world. However, not all countries can get food so

cheaply. Food costs and availability are indicative of a “New Market Environment”. This New

Market Environment is characterized by low oil levels, which will result in increased energy and

transportation costs. In addition this New Market Environment is caused by a scarcity of land,

depletion of water and phosphorus in soil, as well as unsustainable practices by growers. In

Poland, Food availability is ranked 25th in the world. Food Affordability is ranked 28th in the

world. These numbers are hardly considered good for a developed country like Poland.

Food security was assured for Poland and most of Eastern Europe as food productivity

steadily increased to meet the demands of the also increasing world population. However,

concern over new biofuels had created a new consumer of agricultural products. In Europe,

these biofuels were sought after to try and protect the environment from conventional petroleum

based fuels, whereas in America, biofuels were sought to create a security for the energy

industry.

Poland plans to improve its Food Security through a number of approaches. For instance

the Polish Government between 2007-2013. The Polish government has been improving

infrastructure and expanding food availability in market places by developing and modernizing

wholesale markets. In addition the Polish government plans to implement a series of early

warning signs, food surveillance, and imported food checks in order to better protect the Polish

people from any contaminated food, and to guarantee food reserves in times of crisis.

Topic II: The Peaceful use of Outer Space Long an issue of great importance for the nations of earth since the dawn of the space race,

the non-militaristic use of outer space has seen many initiatives launched to further that

endeavour. In 1959, the UN General Assembly set up COPOUS, the Committee on the Peaceful

Uses of Outer Space, to regulate and maintain pacifism in regards to our atmosphere and the

worlds and void beyond. Furthermore, the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of

States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial

Bodies, signed in 1967, has set the standard for space-based law, and includes the majority of

nations on earth; to acknowledge space and the celestial bodies as the common heritage of

mankind.

The great nation of Poland seeks to enter into the ESA (European Space Administration) as

part of an effort to expand our impact on the future of human exploration. As one of our main

geopolitical threats, Russia would be a concern if they ever were to deploy or create space-based

weaponry, and the nation is in favor of keeping space peaceful as to not endanger future

endeavors.

Poland desires for current policy agreements to be kept constant, as they do an admirable job

of keeping outer space peaceful, and as no nations are currently embarking on major extra-

planetary ventures, we feel the law need not be changed.

Delegate From: Republic of Sierra Leone

Represented by: St. Edward High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International

Security

The issues before this, the General Assembly First Committee (known as the DISEC committee)

are as follows. Firstly, the issue of Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Instability.

Secondly the issue of the Peaceful Use of Outer Space. Sierra Leone is committed to fostering

positive relations between nations, but must focus on the resolution of these pressing issues.

Sierra Leone above all else is devoted to the protection of the rights of all people and the national

sovereignty of each state.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Instability

Around the world, but especially in Africa the problem of supplying adequate food and the

ability of citizens to pay for what food there is has been a major issue. In recent history

especially, Sierra Leone has been subject to a food crisis of horrific proportions. Since the civil

war that ravaged the nation from 1991 to 2001, Sierra Leone has ranked 84th out of 88 countries

measure on the Global Hunger Index. Furthermore it has ranked last out of 179 countries in the

Human Development Index. However the problem is not as simple as it seems. As the World

Food Programme, which helps over 400,000 people annually in Sierra Leone, has stated, the

problem of food security and political instability is like the chicken and the egg - which came

first. In nations such as Sierra Leone, warfare has caused unprecedented hunger crises, but in

nations across the world as food prices rise, so do the risks of riots.

Among other agencies, the World Food Programme has been influential in helping over 80

million poor members of more than 80 countries around the world. Thanks to food donors such

as the United States and other developed nations, in many emergencies the agency can provide

much needed relief. Furthermore through its Purchase for Progress programme, where food is

bought from local farmers in order to supply others in need, the organization is supporting

farmers as well as providing starvation relief. More needs to be done though. The UN

implemented the Zero Hunger Goals in 2015, to continue on the work done by the Millennium

Development Goals, but increasingly the World Food Programme is isolated as other priorities

take over. NGO’s, by necessity, must take on more of the slack in contributing to self-sufficient

communities and countries. Although agencies such as the Red Cross and Red Crescent are

invaluable in emergency situations, they do not provide long-term plans moving forward. The

delegation of Sierra Leone draws upon experiences in the past in Sierra Leone and around the

world and recommends that the UN immediately focus more attention on this pressing facet of

the problem.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Despite the lack of a national space programme itself, the nation of Sierra Leone finds itself

deeply concerned with current tensions towards outer space around the world. Since 1959, when

the Committee On the Peaceful Use of Outer Space was permanently established, collaboration

and the lack of major conflicts over Outer Space have been one of the hallmarks of the United

Nations. It could even be argued that scientific advances made together by the United States and

the USSR contributed to the ending of the Cold War. A major concern that ought to be shared by

all nations is the militarization of the fragile environment, as this would surely lead to an

escalation in conflicts down on Earth.

Recently the European Union has been one of the main advocates for an international ‘Code of

Conduct’ in Outer Space, much like the agreements that currently government national use of the

world's oceans. This is an important step in the process of creating a space safe for global

scientific development. However developed nations have for far too long had an overwhelming

majority on the use of this environment, and as this is changing with the advent of new

technologies, so the UN position must change. Sierra Leone wholeheartedly supports any and all

peaceful use of space, especially as it has major potential for transforming life here on Earth.

To this end Sierra Leone also supports any motion to completely ban Weapons of Mass

Destruction, as well as more conventional weapons from Outer Space. We firmly adhere to the

principal that if no one nation has control over space, or spaced based weapons, peace will be

preserved.

Delegation from: The Republic of South Korea Represented by: Valley Forge High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly I. Food security as it relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food Security has been a growing topic since the late 1990’s to the early 2000’s. The issue is to produce enough livestock and farmed goods to feed the flourishing population. Which was expected to become even larger going into the 21st century. The Republic of South Korea has worked with the US to create a Free Trade Agreement. This plan will eliminate tariffs with in the next 5 to 10 years between the US and Korea. This could also be used to promote food security and over the next 10 years this could feed under developed countries as well as our own. The Republic of South or Korea is working with the UN to come up with a working system as to how we will provide the next generations to come with food security. This will be a way to also lower unrest and in increase stability politically, showing that there will be food to go around for a long time. The Republic of South Korea recognizes the work the UN has put forth to come to a unified decision on food security. Over 800 million people in the world are starving as of 2015; this could be fixed if member nations of the UN would work together and open up Free Trade between all the countries. This would fix the political unrest in most countries concerning food and other supplies that are not natural to their area. It would support the population now and in the future five, ten, even twenty years from now with food and the debt would go down little by little by trading and not worrying about the money side of everything. The Republic of South Korea suggests giving the UN availability to left over food from farmers that is unable to go to market. This will not only provide food for countries that are suffering from famine or war. Farmers will be given money for left over produce paid for by the UN; this builds incentive for farmers to sell to the UN. Allowing the UN to give the food to countries in need and not taxing with debt after they are after a hardship will lead to political stability in the country. Political stability can stop revolutions happening or uprising against the government seeing as they have a base line of food for the few months after a hardship hit their country. Causing the countries that gave food to the UN a good light as they are helping countries in need. This system could also help in times of natural disasters as well; food given to countries with no debt or taxes will allow the country to rebuild itself with out the worry of where food will come from. Delegation from: The Republic of South Korea Represented by: Valley Forge High School Position Paper for the General Assembly II. The Peaceful use of Outer Space The Republic of South Korea recognizes the member nations of the UN working to come up with a peaceful use of Outer Space, which has been an important topic since 1959. In this year as well, the Committee of Peaceful Use of Outer Space (COPUOS) which was set up to

“govern the use of outer space for the benefit of all humanity” (unoosa.org). Which shows that they were interested in what space could give to everyone around the world. Space travel has been successful in different ways in one being the first manned flight in 1981 just 20 years after the first successful trip. A planet that resembles the Earth has been found Kepler 452-B, which has more, then one Earth like qualities, with the surface area being around 60% bigger then the Earth currently is. This leads to the next big question what else is in space that the UN has yet to explore. The Republic of South Korea founded the space program with more money then in the past. South Korea is striving to improve the space program by spending an all together total of 2 trillion Won which is the equivalent of 1.3 billion US dollars. The Republic of South Korea is planning on using the money between 2010 and 2021. In 2004 set to the launching of the “Astronaut Project” which made Yi So-yeon the first Korean astronaut. Yi So-yeon has brought hope to the people as to bring the country one step closer to its goal of becoming a space power. As of 2009 the space program has been discontinued with Yi So-yeon quitting after coming down in 2008. This decision did not discourage The Republic of South Korea as the outcome of sending Yi So-yeon into space added South Korea to the list of 35 countries to send astronauts to space, also Yi So-yeon is one of three women who made it as the first women astronaut. Space exploration has shown that it is a good thing; however how countries use space should be for the greater good of all humanization and not just one country in particular. Space can be used to find planets to colonize which will eliminate the over population of earth that is at a staggering 6.8 Billion well over earths carrying capacity. The Republic of South Korea recognizes the effort the Member Nations have been doing to regard the safe use of Space, South Korea offers that space travel should be based In countries that have shuttle crafts at the dispense at the moment. Yet getting input from countries that don’t yet have the technologies to build shuttles or are starting countries that do not have resources to give up at whim. Those countries will be apart of the program just in the background giving tips or have people train so they can go into space with other astronauts. This will give under developed countries recognition and also search space for other habitable zones for the people of earth. Treaties shall be in place that prohibits the passage of weapons into space this will allow the people to feel safer about space explor

Delegation from: Spain

Represented by: Monroeville High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The problems that will be discussed by The General Assembly are: Food Security as it Relates to

Civil Unrest and Political Stability; and The Peaceful Use of Outer Space. Spain is looking

forward to solving these issues for the sake of our people.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Civil Unrest and Political Stability.

The kingdom of Spain believes that food security is a major issue that must be solved for all of

our countries. Spain is one of the best when it comes to food security, and Spain believes all

countries have the right to have it. As the United Nations had recognized in 1948, it is a basic

human right to have food. That is why it is our duty to make sure that the world’s food supply is

secure. The recent rise of global food prices has posed a major threat to food security, especially

for smaller countries. The higher food prices will increase poverty and hunger. A solution must

be created to prevent this from becoming more of a problem. The source of these higher food

prices lie within the supply and demand. Spain hopes to resolve this issue and help aid countries

in need.

A big factor of this situation that affects many of these nations would be their power hungry

warlords. They take control of all of their food, which leads them to take drastic measures to

make sure they can get it. Many riots and other forms of civil unrest happen when these people

can’t get their hands on food. These rulers need to see reason. Their selfishness is causing

millions of people to suffer.

It is incredibly important that our nations solve this problem. Food riots are happening more and

more throughout the world due to this crisis. Citizens of smaller countries are suffering due to

this situation. Spain believes that a fund should be made to give smaller countries food for their

people. Though the global price of food is a major factor of food insecurity, it is also important

that the agricultural side of things is acknowledged. Not all workers in the agricultural industry

are well trained, which leads to low quality and unsafe food. Spain believes that farmers should

be educated on how to harvest their crops. Doing so will lessen the chances of unsafe food being

produced.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space.

Spain sees the use of outer space to potentially benefit the entire world greatly. Outer space

could help our nations monetarily. It can help political sustainability and even create more jobs

in the work force. International cooperation is key to taking advantage of outer space. Our

nations must come together to develop new technologies to use in space. Both government and

industry levels of our countries can help us discover more of space. The first step to make our

cooperative efforts successful is to utilize the ISS. The program has not yet been completed, but

has the potential to be of use. Once the plan is complete and funded, the results could be

positive. With the ISS, many new opportunities to discover space will be created. Most of our

countries lack the funding to thoroughly discover space. That is why cooperation and funding is

crucial.

Outer space is full of so many unimaginable things. If the United Nations work together, the

technology required to explore further into space will be possible. There are so many things that

could be out there. New specimen could be discovered, new planets could be found, and the UN

could even venture into new galaxies.

Not only will cooperation make funding for space more affordable, it’ll also make space more

peaceful. Our countries would be working together to reach the same goal. Not only will space

be more diplomatic, it could make our world more diplomatic as a whole. Politically stability

will also increase as a result of international cooperation. The large amount of jobs being made

for the workforce will benefit all of our nations as well. In order to make cooperation possible,

all partners will have to deliver their promises in a timely manner. Spain believes our nations

need to show that we trust one another by involving each other in the exploration of space.

Orange High School

Sudan

GA1 DISEC

Topic I: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Security

Since conflict and civil war broke out in 2003, Sudan has struggled with food insecurity

and underdevelopment. The largest and perhaps most complex country in Africa, Sudan has been

wracked by sporadic conflict and humanitarian crises. Volatile politics and fragile security often

translates to unharvestable fields and lack of access to food. With a generally impoverished

population, frequent droughts and famines, and recurring civil war, Sudan is categorized by the

UN as a low-income, food-deficit country, ranking 147th of 177 countries on the Human

Development Index. The large region of Greater Darfur, home to 6 million people, is victim of

constant conflict and aggressive ethnic cleansing. In the past, this volatile situation has only

escalated despite the signing of the Darfur Peace Agreement. In that year, around 3.6 million

people per month required food assistance. As the conflict continues to intensify, basic

infrastructure will be further degraded and food insecurity will become chronic.. Should the issue

of food security go unaddressed by the United Nations, the instability of many regions, or even

Sudan as a whole, will lead to starvation. Thus, the state of Sudan strongly desires short term aid

in addition to a long term solution that begins the reparation and introduction of stronger

infrastructure as it relates to food insecurity.

Humanitarian crises often stand in the way of government assistance programs. This is

one such example of lack of infrastructure- many citizens are difficult to reach and assist due to

constant violence in their region. While the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) of 2005

gave hope to war-weary inhabitants of Sudan, Sudanese leadership has failed to maintain peace.

While the government of Sudan maintains a relationship with the World Food Programme, this is

often not sufficient to meet the needs of the people. The WFP brings food to hungry Sudanese

citizens at high risk- in Darfur in 2008, two WFP food truck drivers were killed, 41 went

missing, and 83 trucks were hijacked. The WFP has emphasized the need for assistance geared

towards recovery and development, in order to establish peace and repair infrastructure. The

WFP guides government policy by advising administrators on nutrition standards and procedures

for managing food aid programs. In fact, Sudan is the WFP’s largest operation. The programme

administers aid to over 6 million Sudanese in Darfur, South Sudan, and the volatile regions of

Abyei, Blue Nile, and South Kordofan. However, aforementioned conflict and humanitarian

crises prevent the programme from reaching its full potential to aid vulnerable Sudanese.

Sudan’s political and food insecurity places it in danger of total economic, political, and

social breakdown. Thus, Sudan hopes to collaborate with nations facing a similar plight, and

secure aid from the United Nations to address its needs. Sudan’s needs are as follows: the

immediate deployment of aid such that the population is healthy enough to recover in an

independent fashion, the preservation of lives until agriculture becomes a viable source of food,

and the implementation of financial and technical assistance in improving government

infrastructure such that the underlying problems causing food insecurity are resolved. Finally, the

state of Sudan requires a solution that acknowledges the martial and political instability present

in the nation, and targets food insecurity despite these obstacles. Ideally, the deliberation of the

committee will inspire compassion on an international level, and promote friendship, alliance,

and diplomacy.

Topic II: The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Outer space presents a new frontier upon which international politics will take place.

Much like the way European influence reached the Americas, the global implications of access

to outer space are profound. The original Outer Space Treaty sought to prevent another bout of

fierce colonialism, this time with the solar system at stake. While forbidding the exploitation of

outer space and outlawing the use of weapons of mass destruction in space, the Outer Space

Treaty does not mandate that outer space be free of all weapons. Excluding nuclear weapons, the

Outer Space Treaty fails to address the issue of weapons in space. If ignored, this issue creates

the very real risk of the militarization of space. A multitude of countries have expressed concern

over the possibility of extraterrestrial weapons. History has proven that in the absence of martial

regulations, militarism and imperialism become dangerous possibilities. The decisions of the

United Nations on this matter will shape the future of every nation on Earth. Sharing its

neighbors’ wariness of extraterrestrial militarization, Sudan favors maintaining a peaceful and

weapon-free space. It is Sudan’s sincerest hope that cooler heads will prevail and the committee

will favor cooperation and foresight, rather than the competitive and destructive twins of

militarism and imperialism.

Like the governments of Egypt and Sri Lanka, Sudan feels threatened by the prospect of

an arms race in outer space. There are clear parallels between the current situation and the

European imperialism of Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries. Sudan, a victim of British and

Egyptian colonialism in the 19th century, seeks to avoid a similar movement, on a global scale.

This attitude is shared by nearly all of Sudan’s African neighbors. However, Sudan’s attitude

towards outer space carries little relevance for the national community, being a nonentity in

terms of space technology and exploration. Furthermore, space exploration is of little interest to

the Sudanese people, who are preoccupied with the difficulties of a developing nation. However,

the Sudanese government has affirmed its support for all peaceful uses of outer space.

Ultimately, Sudan wishes to come to a solution that promotes the growth of technology

and serves the best interest of mankind, while minimizing the risk of condemning outer space to

become an arena for an intense militant arms race. Ideally, the interests of Sudan and the bloc of

similarly impoverished countries will not be overlooked in favor of various superpowers in the

field of space exploration and extraterrestrial weapons.

Delegation from: Turkey

Represented by: Monroeville High School

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The issues being presented upon the General Assembly are: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest

and Political Stability; and The Peaceful Use of Outer Space. Turkey is determined to confront

both of these urgent issues with the utmost concern for the prosperity of our people.

I. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability.

Food security is a very important topic among the world today, as it has lead to multiple civil

wars leaving many African countries in mere shambles. Turkey has become a member of the

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, which has helped provide the food

security needed, but fails to take away the possibility of losing political stability. Turkey has

shown the UN’s committee FAO has an effect on the more developed countries, but more needs

to be done in order for this committee to help third world countries.

Seeing the importance of International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

adopted by the the UN which was signed by every country, besides the less than ten countries

who did not sign it many of which did not have democracy and still have dictators that still deny

their people basic food and water while they bask in the luxury of their fancy food and delectable

drinks in their giant palaces, and without getting them to sign a document like the following

there will continue to be civil wars against their people, because of the lack of food security

make the unrest and political stability.

Turkey is a country of the future and is continuing to advance the rights of its people in all of

their basic rights, and that is why Turkey is looking forward to combating the upfront issue.

Turkey suggests that the UN delivers an adaptation to the bill earlier discussed and present it to

the nonsigning countries and present them with the difficult task of economic sanctions, because

they have no right to their national sovereignty over these starving and malnourished people’s

needs for nutritional foods and the option of regulated water. The UN also needs to recognize

that humanitarian aid is not always the answer, as it is not in war lord bearing countries. The

majority of the countries who have not signed it are worn torn countries that are run by warlords

or terrorist groups and the UN needs to figure out a way to get temporary humanitarian aid for

these countries and figure out a way to get it to the people of these nations who truly need it

instead of giving it to the warlords and terrorist groups, giving them more power and control

over these poor starving people. The UN has established the Universal Declaration of Human

Right, and they need to continue to promote the policy with punishments to unwilling countries.

As these people have done nothing wrong and should be protected by the UN, and their policies.

II. Peaceful Use Of Outer Space

Turkey believes that with the evolution of technology, space is the new battlefield of intellectual

aspects and soon to be the warzone of major countries, because eventually we can get to planets

around the solar system and the major world powers will want to fight us for the planets. The

following battle will ensue the first inter world war. Turkey has contributed through the

European union’s act proposing the space code of conduct which supports the notion of

voluntary rules of the road. Turkey was a signatory of the Declaration of Legal Principles

Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space.

Keeping in mind the Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the

Exploration and Use of Outer Space, we have already solved most of the problem with a basic

understanding among space ready countries. Now the second part has also become a focus and

MIT alumni have written a paper about cooperation among space ready nations, which is the

main problem in space.

There are many possible solutions, but only a few that are truly achievable in the next ten years

when we will be adventuring to Mars and when that happens we need to have something in

place. Cooperation in space is key to peace and that requires boundaries and rules that is why

Turkey suggests a proclamation with paths of space for all countries to follow and divisions for

other planets among the nations who have the technologies and the will to get there. The rules

that need to be implied are no drilling of natural resources for any purpose other than the purpose

of going farther into outer space, as to slightly reduce the competitiveness in outer space for

independent companies trying to make a profit. It needs to be established in the proclamation that

each country should get the same amount of land as to not bring the fear of discrimination

against certain nations.

Topic B: The Peaceful use of Outer space

Food consumption in the UAE has been growing at the rate of 12 per cent per year and,

within this, the demand for food staples has increased by 30 per cent, according to the Ministry

of Economy. The UAE relies heavily on imports for its basic commodities and other food. Hence

the need for agricultural investments for food security. The country’s energy resources and

financial wealth enable it to comfortably meet its food and water needs through desalination

and trade.

In recent years, the UAE has seen a steady rise in food imports. With demand in the GCC

(Gulf Cooperation Council) expected to rise significantly, food imports to the region will

increase by as much as 100% to AED194 billion (53.1 billion US) by 2020. The GCC countries are

investors looking for opportunities in terms of commercial returns, and securing food reserves

in agriculturally rich economies third world countries hungry for FDI, looking for help from rich

economies. The major land banks of the UAE are Vietnam, Cambodia, Egypt, Pakistan, Romania,

Sudan and the Americas. These countries help provide the UAE with there water and food

supplies.

In order to help countries out who are struggling to produce food, we must enact

certain policies in these countries. Like, preventing non-sustainable agricultural activities,

promoting efficient use of water, reducing post-harvest losses and enabling sustainable

aquaculture, horticulture, and poultry. We also want to upgrade agricultural utilities by

involving new irrigation methods, hydroponics and trials of salt and heat-resistant fodders. We

aim to focus on countries in Africa that have the ability to produce all the food it requires for

itself and, if carried out correctly. This will then help produce food for the rest of the world.

The UAE is planning on developing its agricultural capabilities. They look to advance

certain irrigation techniques to help them develop their farms, nut reducing water consumption

in farming. The UAE have created a water council that monitors the uses of water throughout

the country. The UAE is trying to develop into a food hub for the region, where it can help

supply other nations surrounding it.

The UAE is now a member in the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.

The COPUOS governs how countries use space for security and development. They work in

compliance with the NEO, Near-Earth Object, to help deflect space debris. This agency falls in

line with the UAE’s space program with the objective to play a role in the international space

industry and benefit principles of international cooperation through knowledge transfer. The

UAE is trying to gain knowledge in the area of space.

The UAE has mad great strides to become a space exploring nation. The UAE has made

important accomplishments in the field of outer space, such as the establishment of the UAE

Space Agency in 2014, with a vision based on organizing the space sector as well as contributing

to the national economy, maintaining sustainable development, and preparing a distinct

generation of qualified national cadres, to build local, regional and global strategic partnerships

in the field. In addition to its participation in international and regional conferences and

seminars regarding the space sector. They have put out satellites, and added many innovations

to space crafts, which help the other developing space programs. They have probes being built

and sent to mars, hoping to help discover new parts of it.

The UAE space agency tries to develop, foster and regulate a sustainable and world-class

Space sector for the UAE. It is important to the country because it it forms the partnerships,

academic programs, investments, commercial initiatives, and drives the space research and

exploration. They have been able to link up with Boeing and South Korea’s space program. They

are adding a mars mission, where they explore mars by the end of 2020.

Delegation From: Ukraine

Representative:

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The topics this General Assembly is currently being tasked with are: Ensuring the

Peaceful Use of Outer Space, and creating food security as a means of political and economic

stabilization. The Nation of Ukraine is committed to ensuring the safety of nations and people

across the globe, and seeks much cooperation between the nations here today.

Topic A: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

The debate over the link between food and political stability is an ever growing one, and

while in the public eye it is generally accepted, it is within academic and political circles that its

validity is questioned. In 2008 the FAO Food Price Index skyrocketed, and since reports of food

riots have become commonplace. To escalate issues further, social and political instability can

be detrimental to markets, causing further increases in price and initiating a repeating cycle.

Numerous research papers have presented direct correlation between spikes in the FAO Food

Price Indoes and the number of reported food riots. While not all riots should be traced to food

related causes, it is the belief of the Nation of Ukraine that an increase in the availability of food,

as well as a decrease in price within local markets, would decrease the number of riots within

growing nations.

Food shortages are most threatening to growing economies and developing nations,

where the fragile economies are unable to withstand extended periods of unrest. It is currently

estimated that 30 billion USD would be required annually to rectify this food crisis, yet with too

little financial support for programs such as the World Food Programme, and too few agricultural

loans being granted from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, this figure is

currently unachievable.

In order to address this issue The Great Nation of Ukraine firmly believes more funding

must be allocated towards providing food aid in developing nations, primarily targeting nations

within Africa and the Middle East. In addition to monetary aid, further focus must be placed on

combatting catastrophes affecting food production, including drought, frost, and lack of water,

which have all been traced to be partially caused by excess pollution. The subsidized shift

towards the production of biofuels from food crops additionally contributes to an increase in food

shortages, and while the production of biofuels is important to the well being of our planet, the

food supply it consumes must be compensated for by an increase in production. Through a

focus on financial assistance to developing nations, in conjunction with devotion to research and

improvement in farming technologies -- including the adoption of genetic modification of produce

-- Ukraine believes we will be taking many steps towards a solution to this every growing

problem.

Topic B: The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Since 1959 the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space has ensured the

safety of the world. To this day there has still yet to be a single violation of international space

law, reaffirming a commitment to a peaceful approach to outer space. However this does not

mean the approach to continuing this commitment should be any less active, as it is about to be

tested like never before. With the growth of space agencies within nations like China, Iran, and

North Korea, the potential for the militarization of outer space grows, posing a threat to all of the

nations of the world. However the fears of weaponization of space must not interfere with the

growth of technology and research. The development of satellites and probes have greatly

increased our knowledge of the universe, and of our planet, providing invaluable information to

scientists around the globe. The Great Nation of Ukraine believes it is in the best interest of the

people of our world to promote further development of peaceful research of outer space, yet

prevent any efforts to use space for military purposes.

Fully believing the advantages of outer space exploration and its role in the education of

mankind, The Great Nation of Ukraine proposes a plan through which space agencies would be

networked together, and provided aid for the purpose of furthering scientific research, in

exchange for increased transparency in the actions taken by space agencies. The increased

awareness of actions taken by agencies would aid the UN in identifying potential threats to the

peacefulness of outer space, and the safety of our world. Further the UN must re-evaluate

existing treaties. Under the Outer Space Treaty written in 1967, signatories are from sending

weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in Earth's orbit, however the issue of conventional

weapons being utilized from outer space is left untouched. The treaty further fails to address the

risks of satellites being used as military devices, a critical aspect that must be expanded upon to

ensure global positioning systems and similar peaceful satellite grids are not inhibited, while

satellites being utilized for the waging of war are prohibited.

Ukraine believes that the weaponization of outer space would inevitably lead to a second

great arms race, threatening the security of citizens of all nations, risking mass destruction and

war. As a means of prevention all policies mentioned above must be adopted by the UN and its

member nations, to ensure the security and prosperity of our planet.

Delegation:United Kingdom

School:Orange High School

I: Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Stability

United Kingdom's political and economic stability ensures the proper cultivation, import

and distribution of food throughout the nation. However many factors influence this process and

contribute to UK’s food security problem. United Kingdom imports more than 40% of the total

food consumed. As a major food-trading nation, Britain relies on both imports and thriving

export markets to function and drive towards both, economic and political growth. This reliance

makes United Kingdom vulnerable to the effects of other nation’s political and economic

stability. United Kingdom is a top trading power and financial center with the third largest

economy in Europe after Germany and France. United Kingdom’s enhancements help the nation

yield about 60% of the nation’s food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. Besides the

highly successful agricultural industry, many domestic and international factors affect food

production and prices for consumers in the UK. With UK’s global population increasing, along

with changing consumption patterns, the demand for foodstuffs are increasing as well

contributing to the upward price trend. This is one of the factors that feed into UK’s food

security problem.

It is within the UK’s self interest to aid in bettering the issue of food security in nations

under political instability. The interconnected character of United Nation’s problems urge United

Kingdom to take initiative to help aid in the betterment of food security in nations that need it.

Should crop yields be significantly affected by the decline in insect pollinators, or even a small

proportion of the British sheep population succumb to bluetongue, exports would be curtailed,

jobs would be lost, and food wasted. Food security is an issue that is easily influenced by

political unrest. The political and economic relationship is close, therefore when one is hurt the

other is influenced. Food security for a developed nation is a multi-faceted issue. It is complex in

nature and different aspects are interlinked. Food security refers to the availability of food;

access of consumers to affordable, nutritious and safe food; resilience of the food system to

significant disruptions, and public confidence in that system. Undernourishment continues to

prevail in certain areas owing to a complex of regional socio-economic and political factors,

typically involving a combination of poverty, conflict and temporary or chronic lack of self-

sufficiency. A sudden political change may cause the distribution of food to the people of a

nation to be highly affected. For example, food security is a high risk in syria where political

unrest is at it’s peak. Poverty and subsistence agriculture also contribute to the national food

insecurity.

The problem may be address by three main prongs: First, address the political issue at

hand. Manage and disperse any political tension in the given area. Under the agreement of all

nations involved, the situation must be handled suitable to the severity. Second, the economic

market must be put back on it’s feet. Inflation, currency exchange, employment rates, etc must

be addressed. Lastly, after managing the first two root causes of food insecurity, than the actual

distribution of food must be addressed. In addressing this issue, United Kingdom, will focus on

first addressing the root cause, such as a particular political event, then going on to managing the

problem with the aid of other nations and organizations.

II. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

Around 64,088,222 people inhibit United Kingdom’s 241,930 sq km of land. However, in

the modern world, new technological advancements have enabled us to move past the use of land

on earth, and onto the use of outer space. Being a strong political and economic nation with high

capacity for advancement in the field of technology, United Kingdom is a huge contributor to the

outer space discussion. United Kingdom’ official space program was established in 1952, with

the main purpose being, "win sustainable economic growth, secure new scientific knowledge

and provide benefits to all citizens." United Kingdom has used outerspace military, research and

intelligence purposes. United Kingdom’s main focus is to continue the use of outer space with

the continuation of a peaceful usage by all nations.

Although nation like United States and Russia, have a history of pushing the limits with

the use of outer space, United Kingdom has from the beginning defined and stuck with a clear

and defined goal. United Kingdom has passed multiple legislation limiting and managing the use

of outer space, and setting context for reform. Serving as an example to other nations. In 1986

United Kingdom passed the Outer Space Act which, “establishes a regime of regulation to which

all entities under its jurisdiction must comply if connected with space activity in the UK and

confers the power to license space activities upon the Secretary of State.” UK has also used

space to manage environmental sustainable growth. Using programs and satellites such as

Cubesat and Skynet.

It is important to keep the use of outer space strictly peaceful. Under the agreement of all

United Nations, all countries must have some understanding and disclosure to the actions nations

take in the usage of outer space. Before entering outer space, a clear reasoning for entering must

be given. Research and intelligent purposes are highly encouraged. However, restriction must be

placed upon military use. Through negotiations with multiple nations a common ground shall be

reached on the topic of outer space use.

Resources

"UK Threat." - Global Food Security. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2016.

Food Insecurity in the U.K." The Borgen Project RSS2. N.p., 22 Feb. 2014. Web. 17 Feb. 2016.

Central Intelligence Agency. Central Intelligence Agency, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2016.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_space_programme

http://www.iislweb.org/docs/2011_galloway/Crowther.pdf

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/295760/outer-

space-act-1986.pdf

http://www.thespacereview.com/article/2816/1

Delegation from: The United States of America

School: Solon High School

1. Food Security as it Relates to Unrest and Political Stability

Food insecurity is a major problem in our world that needs to be addressed by the United

Nations. As a leading contributor to resolving this issue, the United States believes that all

countries have the right to access the food they desire. The US acknowledges the fact that

without food security, the international community would be on the verge of a severe economic

crisis. With this in mind, the UN must collaborate in order to prevent further detriment to the

economy in under-developed countries and supply them with sufficient resources that are

necessary. The United States strongly urges the promotion of technology and infrastructure in

these countries, as well as proper education. The US invites any countries wishing to join.

2. The Peaceful Use of Outer Space

The United States believes that the purpose of space exploration is mainly for scientific and

educational purposes, not violence. The US supports the ban of weapons of mass destruction,

as it can put the world in serious danger. Instead, the money can be used for promoting

education in third-world countries and investment in economic developments. However, if the

world indeed comes to a situation in which it faces a clear danger from extraterrestrial beings,

the US would recognize the need for solely defensive weapons. As of right now, the United

States would recommend that further investigation be conducted before investing in more

weapons of mass destruction, as it can put the international community in constant threat.