deficiency disorders
TRANSCRIPT
Boost your immunity and maintain good health
Dr Falguni Parikh
Consultant Internal Medicine
Immunity
• Capacity of the body to keep infections at bay
• Occasional breakdown of defense system leading to illness
• Age and immunity
Biological
Micronutrient malnutrition
• Lifestyle diseases
• Deficiency diseases
• Infectious diseases
• Age related diseases cataract,prostate,hearing disorders,cognitive decline
Prevention
• Non infectious diseases/lifestyle diseases
• Deficiency diseases
Infectious diseases
Lifestyle and diseases
Lifestyle changes
Vitamin B12
• Red blood cell production
• Functioning of nervous system
• Immune system
• Memory and concentration
• Deficiency very widespread
• Specially amongst vegetarians
Manifestations of B12 deficiency
• Weakness, tiredness
• Irritability
• Depression
• Tingling and numbness in hands and feet
• Palpitations and dizziness
Treatment
• Failure to treat can cause anemia, neuropathy and dementia
• Early recognition and prompt treatment has good prognosis
• Oral supplementation/intravenous
• Diet mainly non vegetarian like meat, poultry and dairy products
Folic acid
• Pre conception in all females
• Development of spine and brain of fetus
• Megaloblastic anemia
Vitamin D
• Helps in calcium absorption and maintenance of calcium-phosphorus balance
• Rickets and osteomalacia.• Osteoporosis - increased fracture risk• Bones and joints• Deficiency co exists with many diseases• Sunscreens prevent absorption
Vitamin D deficiency
• Poor growth in children
• Teeth deformities
• Muscle aches and cramps
• Bone pain
• Spinal deformities and posture abnormalities
Management of vitamin D deficiency
• Oral vitamin D replacement or intramuscular injections
• Sunlight
Food sources -
• Milk and milk products
• Codliver oil,eggs,fish
Iron deficiency
Treatment of Iron Deficiency
Vitamin A
• Needed for healthy teeth, bones, skin and tissues
• Needed for good vision
• deficiency causes Night blindness
Vitamin C
• For tissue wear and tear
• Teeth,bones,cartilage
• Antioxidant
• Cancer,heart disease
• Needs to be supplemented
• Scurvy,bleeding gums,decreased immunity,joint pains
Vitamin E
• Free radical scavenger
• Protects from ill effects of free radicals on cells and tissues
• To be taken with doctors advice
Vitamin K
• Necessary for blood clotting
• Deficiency causes bleeding disorders
• Liver disease, drugs.
Preventing infections
Common infections
• Viral infections - influenza• Pneumonia• Mosquito borne diseases like Malaria, Dengue• Food and water borne diseases like
Typhoid fever and hepatitis• Tuberculosis • Prevention by vaccines
Prevention is the key
• Regular physician visits
• Evaluation of baseline data- Age ,risk factors, BP monitoring,sugar,lipid profile
• Lifestyle changes
• Vaccines
• Medications
Thank you