decision-support tools – choosing a sustainable path module 6 of the switch training kit
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DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable path
Module 6 of the SWITCH Training kit
Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 2
The SWITCH Training Kit
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathwww.switchtraining.eu
Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 3
Contents
• Chapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
• Chapter 2 – Decision Support Systems• Chapter 3 – Examples of Decision Support Systems
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathwww.switchtraining.eu
Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 4
Chapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 5
Urban water management decisions
Some examples:• Water supply infrastructure• Pollution control regulation• Policies fostering positive behaviour• Planning permission• Approving funds
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Decisions are based on...
• Quantified data• Current issues• Future predictions• Political reasons• Stakeholder interests
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Issues with current decision makingDecisions use…• Assumptions about the future• Narrow assessment criteria• Sector-specific knowledge
… and ignore:• Environmental impacts• Economic impacts • Social impacts
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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A lack of holistic decision making
Why?• Lack of data• Fragmentation• Perception of future variability• Data exclusion• Lack of stakeholder engagement
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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A more integrated approach to decision making
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Aspect of decision-making
Conventional approach Integrated approach
Decision-making data
Direct costs and benefits Direct and indirect costs and benefits
Scope of the decision-making process
Single management sector Urban development as a whole
Future uncertainty The future is predicted as a fixed scenario
The future is acknowledged as being uncertain
Stakeholder involvement
Minimal stakeholder involvement.
Comprehensive stakeholder engagement
Use of indicators Performance indicators > Limited set of sector goals.
Sustainability indicators > Overall urban development goals.
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Key aspect 1: holistic perspective (1)
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Key aspect 1: holistic perspective (2)
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Key aspect 2: flexibility
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Key aspect 3: Stakeholder engagement
Water management stakeholders for the City of Alexandria, Egypt (Source: The City Water Information System (EPFL)
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 1 – Decision making in urban water management
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Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 14
Chapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
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Form and function of DSS
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
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Data for DSS• Catchment data• Geographical information• Natural resources data• Water related infrastructure• Relevant legislation and regulation• Historical data• The roles and responsibilities of institutions• Stakeholders• Etc.
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
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Modelling
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
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Visualisation of indicators
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
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Example: Indicators for urban sanitation
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 2 – Decision-Support Systems
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Chapter 3 – Examples of DSS
• City Water• Urban Water Optioneering Tool (UWOT)• Aquacycle:• Eco.SWM – Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA) tool• COFAS – Comparing the Flexibility of Alternative Solutions• VENSIM-based Water Demand Management Options Model
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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City Water (1)
Source: EPFL, Lausanne
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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City Water (2) – Water Information System (CWIS)
Source: EPFL, Lausanne
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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City Water (3) – Simulation Models: City Water Balance
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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City Water (4) – Simulation Models: City Water Economics
Source: Jefferies C., Duffy A. 2011
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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Urban Water Optioneering Tool
Source: National Technical University of Athens
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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Aquacycle
Source: Mitchell 2005
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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Eco.SWM – Life Cycle Cost Assessment
Source: Ingenieurgesellschaft Sieker
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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COFAS – Comparing the Flexibility of Alternative Solutions
Source: Ingenieurgesellschaft Sieker
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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VENSIM-based Water Demand Management Options Model
Source: WEDC
DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS – Choosing a sustainable pathChapter 3 – Examples of DSS
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Slides produced by:ICLEI European Secretariat
© 2011 ICLEI European Secretariat GmbH, Leopoldring 3, 79098 Freiburg, Germany
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