decentralisation 1 corinne waelti, seecon international gmbh

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Decentralisation Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

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Page 1: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Decentralisation

1

Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Page 2: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

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Page 3: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Implementation

3. Outcomes

4. Case Examples

5. References

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Page 4: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

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What is Decentralisation and Why is It Needed?

What?

Decentralisation occurs when a central government cedes powers to actors or institutions at lower levels.

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1. Introduction

Why?

•Increased popular participation

•Increased accountability and efficiency

•Needs and preferences of the community can be identified better

•Improved equity and justice

Page 5: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

Decentralising Water and Sanitation Management

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2. Implementation

Several aspects need to be considered in order to successfully implement a decentralisation process:

1. Central government should work together with local democratic institutions

2. Sufficient and appropriate transfer of power

3. Support equity and justice

4. Establish fair and accessible justification

5. Support local civic education

6. Give it time

7. Monitor and develop

8. Document the process

9. Find places for local meetings

10.Inform the public

11.Avoid corruptionSource: RIBOT (2002)

Page 6: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

Possible Problems with Implementing Decentralisation

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2. Implementation

• Lacking capacity and resources of the local government

• Insufficient transfer of power

• Corruption and elite capture

• Missing transparency

Source: MASOUD (n.y.)

Page 7: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

Benefits of Decentralisation

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3. Outcomes

Equity

•Greater retention and fairer distribution

Efficiency

•Accounting for costs in decision making

•Higher accountability

•Reduced transaction costs

•Services are matched to needs

•Mobilisation of local knowledge

•Improved coordination

•Providing local communities with resources can contribute to development

Page 8: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

Measuring the Success of Decentralisation

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3. Outcomes

There are several difficulties in measuring if a decentralisation act has been successful:

•Data before and after decentralisation is needed in order to make comparisons

•Separating outcomes from other impacts is difficult

•Outcomes cannot be aggregated: How can the success of decentralisation be evaluated if there are positive as well as negative outcomes?

Page 9: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

Examples for Successful and Unsuccessful Implementation

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4. Case Examples

A success story

Successes:-Government is more responsive to the needs of the poor (more spending on social services, education and training)-Fairer allocation of government funding-Higher accountability due to more active involvement of small groups and higher bottom-up pressure possibility

Example from South Africa, Source: DE JONG (2009)

Example from Bolivia, Source: FAGUET (2003)

Lacking responsibilities

Problems: -Poor government at local level which cannot manage the increased responsibilities-Lack of human resources

Possible Solutions:-Empowering residents with:

- Increased access to information

- Knowledge of rights (law), economics, finance, etc.

Page 10: Decentralisation 1 Corinne Waelti, seecon international gmbh

Decentralisation

Find this presentation and more on: www.sswm.info.

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5. ReferencesDE, I. (2009): Can Decentralisation Improve Rural Water Supply Services? Economic and Political Weekly (EPW).

FAGUET, J.P. (2003): Decentralisation and Local Government in Bolivia: An Overview from the Bottom Up. London: Crisis States Programme. URL: sticerd.lse.ac.uk/dps/decentralisation/bolivia.pdf [Accessed: 27.08.2012]

JONG, D. de (2009): South Africa: Municipal Failures Put Decentralisation at Risk. Den Haag: International Water and Sanitation Center (IRC). URL: http://www.source.irc.nl/page/50704 [Accessed: 27.08.2012].

MASOUD, A. (n.y.): Auditing Poverty – The Cartoons. URL: http://www.srds.co.uk/uapp2/kipanya.htm [Accessed: 27.08.2012].

RIBOT, J. (2002): Democratic Decentralisation of Natural Resources. Institutionalising Popular Participation. World Resources Institute (WRI). URL: pdf.wri.org/ddnr_full_revised.pdf [Accessed: 06.08.2012].

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Decentralisation 11

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