decapod fauna of the hydrothermally active and adjacent ...in the zone from the base of active...
TRANSCRIPT
?Sf|5 7C - ^ ^ l § - ^
Decapod fauna of the hydrothermally active and adjacent fields
on the Hatoma Knoll, southern Japan
Hajime WAT ABE Hiroshi MIYAKE
m^c^m^i^y^- JAMSTEC mmm% miT^i^-jkw-^nn) JAMSTEC J. Deep Sea Res., 17 (November, 2000), 29 34 (gUilJ)
JAMSTECfSfiff^ ^U^•
fll)o il^f-AJi-Mia^^'^^'^^KI^^^ttTSiS/iMaw cro^«fen Baba & Williams, 1998 r f j : - ^ ^ ^ v ^ ' J x H ' , ' ^ v F l t ± - e
ItAlvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Ohta, 1995 t^^y^^ii'^'^W^M^flfz^ ^^yK^Jil igl^i^fiC/iorocamS^SIttM
washingtonianus (Rathbun, 1902) v3":?"-t J-tf, Munidopsis sp, z/y:^4^iy:t^} ^^(^^
UtmifyhiXtZo ^(DXdK^^Mi^m<^»Mi)^MM^j:fmMt^h^(DmMlZT'A^nXl±, Paralomis verrilli (Benedict, 1894)
mm^±m<^P^Mi^W}<^BW1:'^nX^^^£^^^m}t&^'hiiAcanthacaris cf. tenuimana Bate, 1888 ^X')ri}^':r.K(D -
II, iDJ;6'«'53^|g-r^{C*fcl)|li|(;)^^fI^sb^^h9^Jilf'^ Glyphocrangon, ^t>:3'j:-lfM SO'/oJacr>'/Ms;a^i^^;}a^^fL—flT
Decapod fauna
on the Hatoma Knoll, southern Japan
Hajime WATABE*^ Hiroshi MIYAKE"
The results of taxonomic and ecological survey concerning decapods, at the hydrothermally active and adjacent fields on the top of the Hatoma Knoll (the westernmost knoll in the group of knolls off the north-east by north of Iriomote Island, southern Japan), were briefly reported for the first time.
In the hydrothermally active region on the top of the Hatoma Knoll, there were many small but active chimneys. These were usually surrounded by the dense mussel bed constituted by Bathymodiolus platifrons Hashimoto & Okutani. In the zone from the base of active chimneys to mussel bed, Shinkaia crosnieri Baba & Williams, 1998, was dominant, whereas it was substituted by a bresiliid species, Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Ohta, 1995 just on the mussel bed. At the periphery of mussel bed, another bresiliid species, whose generic taxonomic status is problematic, Lebbeus wash
ingtonianus (Rathbun, 1902), and Munidopsis sp. were observed. Generally, lithodid species, Paralomis verrilli
(Benedict, 1894), seemed to be common near the hydrothermally active region.
From the coarse sand to mud bottom on the knoll, where seemed not to directly be affected by hydrothermalism, Acanthacaris cf. tenuimana Bate, 1888, and two taxonomically problematic species were recognized in the genera, Glyphocrangon and Stylodactylus, respectively.
Keywords : Hatoma Knoll, decapods, hydrothermal vent, Shinkaia crosnieri, bresiliids, Acanthacaris, Glyphocrangon,
Stylodactylus
* 1 mmkmm^'t > ^ - mmsLm • mmimm * 2 Marine Ecosystems Research Department, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center
29
1. liUtotc
600m, fllh/KJll^ 1500m, m"±g|^(;^lUttfflitfeW*^?i 5:.Xhho ^(DURXli, '^^lW\Z\LA.ii-'^-^2mO\<n
m^iM:^ (2K#iio2) \<zxmi^xi%ALU\z^i^t£p}hmfim miyi ^fifz-h^, f]h-^ifimm h Lx \i[]^'T&mx'\ttknm
fm'^(J^^iiH^xix\-^f£\^f:}., ^h\z.w^'&ux\tw^^
(Dmzf^h}iZ.7^Xhho
ymmm.\t^i<Df}kim.^mzx^t'^^^]ktA^^^
^!f^'T-W ^ ffi,^> ^ i^/# fol •/$-£ (7)i|f tt ^ a C ^ f. '* (; ( i ,
^<}iLx ,^\zfkim.^mzh\';h^•M^^w^mz-^^^x,
2. iii^firHl*^ctt/*SII:^}StcoLNT /tS(fe1i^-E(;iB^t^^L^;5^v^2000JiIJ:^MK^-6^, itfe
•C9if rL(2K#1181-2K#1189) -^m^fltzo ^f^^O^^M^ m^lSm<7)m^t i^^ t^m<7)±f f lm(2000)^#nar$n
3.1. Paralomis i/em///(Benedict, 1894) zi':^-:7iv-1'/'^ 7;^7-(El1)
i;;^Lv^Ohta, 1990: Hashimoto e/a/., 1995) o
%m.U^fzm\Mt^-'fh.^%'r\m'r^-h^^%^^fz^iJ^^
(Sakai, 1976 : H ^ , 1982)o tfz, M'ri^^^m^Kfzi^^m.
%m}kl0k^^t.(i^m%}iYYM.\^Xhm.\y^)'^X(r)'h'M^ ^mtm\z%i.^hfitiii^^fz. iwmwrstxifm.\t-^ iiiffg-^^itPitL, f}kMm))(DBm^mM'y:\yf£^-m% (D\%Umz]^Wth\,(D}L'%k.hKX\^fzi)\ ^Mll(7)||rH^
ism f±-e tL*±rgi ; j l f r1-^ (Sakai, 1976 ^ # M ) o
^li^s-<j#^.^.yKJ:-I:---mi3^*/i^3-5lifr^ft^^-^U ^ - r ^ i ^ - e ^ S o L;^^L, ^7K*10-20m[it-^:ti/t|^A;7K
')if'^mit^m±Lx^^^m'f^mu^hyy-fi<zmmi-h m.'^-b^fz xifz mm. ^^tzo
0 1 Para/omw vemV/; (Benedict, 1894) 3'"*^j:.y"-f/<7*"—
v ^ (2000^ 5j^21ia^L^;^^v^2000J l | 1184J tE)
Fig. 1 Paralomis verrilli (Benedict, 1894). An adult male was on
the rock. In this species, crabs were frequently observed on the
mussel beds, or neighboring sea floors. (Shinkai 2000 dive
#1184, 21 May 2000)
3.2. IVIunidopsis rostrataiA. Milne Edwards, 1880)
mi^^'h-^nhtiX^^^iBaha, 1982)o H^S?¥-eiil500m
^^ii^mx^^o ii-Dtii-^mt^'X.hft:^mii Munidopsis spinosa (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) -fb YvyiJ
^nvt ' J j : -H ' -e$) f ) , Z.<DmMn^M4X{i±'M^&m 7Ki^520m^^h^Uhti^i^'il, 1982: S ffl, 1983: Baba, 1988)o
mr>imRxii3itLx, mTK^iH^iM^^mtifzmmiH gpi;.4 .,a-r J:9X, mm^i^imzi,tmummir^
3.3. Munidopsis sp. v>:^'1'=iv^Uxt:'C7)—S
h m^^Mimy.t^ itztx. if Baba, 1988 ^ # 0 S ) . tfz,
X, ^mm^KMLx^m^ti^mii.i'^^izim-^x^
mm'^ii-r^x, fmM^zufzfz- -mMi^^x^fzo
30 JAMSTEC J. Deep Res.. 17 (2000)
M2 Shinkaia crosnieri Baba & V^itiisimf., 1998 3"a: .^>3->: t
^ ' ^ ' y K ± t i ; f t ^ t ; ' 7 > * i - ^ o (2000'f- 5fl29BrLA7!)^v^
2000J ^•1189itl/L)
Fig. 2 Shinkaia crosnieri Baba & Williams, 1998. The squat lobsters
usually distributed on the surface of active chimneys or mus
sel beds. iShinkui 2000 dive #1189, 29 May 2000)
[^\3 Acanthacaris cf. tenuimana Bate, 1888 'V:^^)T-t!-^f-i-lf~W
(1999^ 5^280 ^L^;i^v^2000J 1^1102'itlrL)
Fig. 3 Acanthacaris cf. tenuimana Bate, 1888. The lobster assumed a
threat posture at its shelter, that was constructed on the muddy
sand bottom. iShinkai 2000 dive #1102, 28 May 1999)
t i , Explore Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge, io J iy^Guaymas
Eas.'m'A^hi^U^fl^Miinklopsis alvisca W i l l i a m s m 5 # " C a b
Lernaeodiscidae ' f ^ 7 : ? ' n A v | 4 < 7 ) 7 ^ n A v ^ l ; f i ^ $
3.4. Shinkaia crosnieri Baba & Williams, 1998 z i x ^ >
=lV7hiJ i l i - (^2)
*) ^), ^ CO i ^ /& i i i % +0 (7)# K ( i{#-T-MiHli l i3 J; Xfi^^m.
T iA<^ i^ fL -5>(Baba & Williams, 1998 : Clian, personal
communication) o
'Ji - yYcomm-ri'WiLLfz , kmmiw^i^^-m^^ -h^h-&<mKx,^yY]nm'U<^'is±-\z.m±.Lfz ^ t-cv -s tz.hii^ufL\nm^f^fzo mmm'^-\i-mum\:.-m
L, ^^mmu^hm.WAzt^^ixm'^Lfz^^\z\i.^i^7-')
3.5. Acanthacaris cf. tenuimana Bate, 1888 •\':^^JT:^
-x^t^mWi-^-h^^^m, 1983)o ^yYm-km^^^h\t Acanthacaris tenuimana Bate, I2>2>%'^^^hflhi)^, B'^T&%
t^-JiA'Jiilta'^7K?^700-750m;^^i^.r-f@#f$m$tL/::^i: /^^"^^(Hayashi & Ogawa, 1985)o fzfzL, ^W^l^^iXi^
mxh^fzo
\z'KmLx\.^hm^iimnmmm^Mzo ^'Kmmz i)^mV^fz\]^mx, -h5j^)tHL/L'ii-©;bti^mit(Di,<DX
X^fzi)\ ^<7)Xd^£^l7W]liiXW<^M<^Acantiiacaris caeca
(A. Milne Edwards, 1881) "VX'J Tv^-^f'j:-H~-^-=fi M b t i ^
(Holthuis, 1974) o
n±ti:-fy^h, W4^, ^'fi^<D-m<7^'m^m'^x\±n^u
hZ>o ^m.\tmi\^T^miiL-h^^\i-h^t^^n.fifzmj&ii^h<n
x[itnx\ifj:\^^iinx, mw\U5.mwhi,^mtmn
J A M S T E C J. Deep Res., 17 (2000) 31
3.6. Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Oiita, 1995
^/N7Xt:"( [ l l4)
mMi-^^t^^^hfl^UX^^iYamamoto et al, 2000)o
^WUEy)^ h# hflfzU^ ^i)t {ZAlvinocaris hrevitelso-
nisiiX.XfAlvinocaris leurokolos(D.lL^i.-^^Jrfz{Z$i^, IRg-
•^ilfz (Kikuchi & Hashimoto, 2000) o
0 4 Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Oiita, 1995 ^^>-7-i-H'
jnt'Xhho (2000^ 5;!21H^L^;i-v^2000J ^•1184^^1^) Fig. 4 Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Ohta, 1995. On the
Hatoma Knoll, shrimps usually occurred on mussel beds in this bresiliid species. iShinliai 2000 dive #1184, 21 May 2000)
3.7. Bresiliidae gen. sp. ^J\yT.\£^(D—M
:4^|i(7)Bre,si]iidae : t / ^ ^ - X t f ^ i l i o t t ^ 5 3 - 1 1 ^ W f i l
Alvinocaris •^^^y:^\£mh\imW£mM, HlXfKWML
fzmn^mmL\Zi^.-ii.•V%ti:^,U-^''&mi)^h\ttfz^^
^£^9,mfi<^t^^'Chorocarismt^W-%m\'^'^^Lfzm
muo^w^m^}::i)m^ho %^-m^^mi)^^h\z-E^^^-C*
hmfz^fzm'^^4y^vyi]4\i.^^'}ii'4(D'mxi^^n\<L^ i/yii4\±^^')i1'4^yY(n]Wmn^\z\^M'fh^ti)^h^fzo
isif6, m7iimm^(D^±mm^MJit^isxifmyi<m!iimi&B x<DWxm^£mfBm's.i'?m^j:f^^'m'r^.txM^xh^o
3.8. Stylodactylus sp. 1f>=i'xt;'(7)—ft Stylodactylus -^y^'^^^zWiltT&i^, yi^)\£y, =-a. — ilV
^(Cleva, 1990) o 4-|llDive 2K#1189tI 'C- '(@#, ^ M i ^
n'^^^hu^m^^^fzi^^, mn, mii5, %n, ^mm
M.^t-tZStylodactylus profundus Cleva, 1 9 9 0 i I ^ o t ^ j S
2 11 wffs, m^iimti^zmLfzm^iiwt'n^i^im't
%hfif£i)^^tz^\ ^.mzauturmmutJ^u^^fi ^'fi±.ij\z^\yhm%ti:mm^h^x^mmzm±.'t^^ tij^^^i^xh^. tfz, ^rnxmiz^^m^zm^ir^m ^iihhX.nX, '&^'/By-^yy°y~\zi.z>m:'3\\z\t-h-m
(Dmmi)m^fzo i$mm.<^.t^ofzfpm&t;^m^&m
flfz^tt^io^^tm»;lsim^-^o
3.9. Glyphocrangon ct granulosis Ba\e, ^S88 "y^V^
t7^xea^^^o U^T&UkZM-^^Glyphocrangon h ^ ' 1 9 ^ J^H"M i^M
-r^5>il^W^Htt iM^J)6^~^-4" V (Toriyama er a/., 1990) o
^ i ^ S < J # S t L T i i , Glyphocrangonhastacauda Bate, 1888
YY\^7 9:^\£\ZXUJ&%.h(DJ&.m'mz^LX-'lE(DM
M'^ ^ /J^-t" t •h^'m htl^ (Ohta, 1983) o
mfaimB^^hu, hr^yS'^izmui^'r^-{zmi$-^^ Dive 2K#1182i;T#f3tL/ 'c(7)c;^-?-^^^\ ^ ^ 1 i : ^ i ± D e
Man (1920) I^ZXmt^fLfzW^^^, iSlZ/Chace (1984) (DB
*f ) , Glyphocrangon granulosis Bate, 1888C)fes|I^1i:^CO
miSt'mM^iif^^^^'Dfzo ^^Lfz}^.X:^ma3u^iyyij
3.10. Lebbeus washingtonianus {Rathbun, 1902)
W^P ti:^^i)^^lE'fhZ. t iiH'A lb t l T V ^ (Kikuchi & Ohta, 1995) o tfz, Kikuchi & Ohta (1995) (i, '^m.iiHf'W-
m:M^xm^.ii^\^\^'^Wi)-t£^--&'^tX^m'f^:zti)m hftz,-ijx\ p]km^m<D%m^§:^fx\^^f£^^m^<Dm
32 JAMSTEC J. Deep Res., 17 (2000)
^ PES ?ii?. ;o £b # f, ti fz "tm^^^miii oft f; CO (?-, /j 0 # i :fif -9->-/'i-:fo J: 0" t:~f">f L-=1 - K ^ ti :l/4*l6fl. ^llMI^^ltE t - /L' (gl) o
ii^co#f^tg-x.^o z(Dx^f£m\niii^¥MmmiiJ!^if i^'fmm^JltUti^^Mi-^iXm 1990 : Vamamoto et al.,
2000)0 tf.;, tWf fMi | (7 )®f t j i ! c i ; f i aLT$f^ ( i# | f f l t ;
^X'jr:^-If"-I-ti-cT) —It, 3 D ^ v > - : ^ - f 3 - > : t - ' j a : e \ ^yy'
¥M?fe^;l l :f^ H -: v^-C^ t i ^ ' f L B ^ i: /c ±ffl ( 1 9 9 0 ) ,
Yamamoto et al. (2000), i3J:L)^'lt^ffi-/Sfi:t;oi^-Carai:/c
Hashimoto et al. (1995) tJ-^PIffl^" t P P E f 3 | ^ i | c o | I f i ^ t ;
m^tmi-<n'Xw.t(Ditm\~x~^xm^u vv.(r)mmn, h z>^Ht\tm^.7^^tmtt(nmn'\i'km^-t^^t{tmwx hho ^^f^hmXM'^t'Y-'iiLX, z.i\tXy^mVyyp}k 7XPtffiM-t:-?f*$n/-^+W]tft|5||icouTt5t4^li^l^
^ 0 c7) i ^ ;& '0.m d 55- /^ - > m*i 1 -& /-, m^ m'^m'it\^nmm^\-\'fi)^hm^^t^^tx, i^m^yy^z
mwLfzw.
5. it m
National Taiwan Ocean UniversitytODr. Tin-Yam C h a n t U i
Table 1 Species composition of decapods on the Hatoma Knoll. The
abbreviations indicate following ecological characteristics of
each species. C: Exclusively covering the surface of active
chimneys. M: Chiefly occurring on the mussel beds. N :
Occurring on muddy sand or rocky sea floor, where are not
affected by the hydrothermalism.
Species name Habitat type
Caridea
Acanthacaris cf. tenuimana Bate. 1888 N
Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Ohta, 1995 M
Bresiliidae gen. sp. M
Stylodactylus sp. N
Glyphocrangon cf. granulosis Bate, 1888 N
Lehheus washingtonianus (Rathbun, 1902) M
Anomura
Paralomis verrilli (Benedict, 1894) M
Munidopsis rostrata (A. Milne Edwards. 1880) N
Munidopsis sp. M
Shinkaia crosnieri Baba & Williams, 1998 C
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34 JAMSTEC J. Deep Res., 17 (2000)