dealing with chemical safety 3

8/18/2019 Dealing With Chemical Safety 3

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DEALING WITH CHEMICAL SAFETY

PART 1: HAZARDS - GENERAL

A chemical can only be harmful in one of three ay!:

1" #t can contribute to$ or cau!e a fire or e%&lo!ion'" #t can come into contact ith the human bo(y)*" #t can enter the bo(y)

#n the or+&lace$ chemical! can enter the bo(y throu,h:

1" #nhalation: breathin, chemical! into the lun,! i! the mo!t common form ofentry)

'" ontact: ith the eye! or throu,h the !+in)

*" #n,e!tion: either from eatin, or (rin+in,)

#t follo! therefore$ that chemical! nee( to be in the a&&ro&riate form to enter thebo(y:

a" To enter the lun,!: a !ub!tance oul( nee( to be in the form of !mo+e$fume!$ mi!t$ (u!t or .a&our)

b" To enter throu,h the !+in: a !ub!tance mu!t be in a form that can beab!orbe( throu,h the !+in an( in mo!t ca!e! thi! i! either a .a&our$ li/ui($!&ray or mi!t)

A chemical ab!orbe( into the bo(y may cau!e acute or chronic &oi!onin, an( theeffect! mi,ht be imme(iate or (e.elo& o.er a lon, &erio($ (e&en(in, on the(o!a,e)

The nature of (ifferent !ub!tance ill alter the effect! the!e !ub!tance! canha.e:

a" orro!i.e!: u!ually affect the mouth$ no!e an( throat an( cau!einflammation$ irritation an( e.en !e.ere burn!) 0ume!$ e!&ecially aci($can be e%tremely haar(ou!)

b" Aller,en!: (e&en(in, u&on the len,th an( /uantity of e%&o!ure$ the!e canlea( to thin,! li+e (ermatiti! an( a!thma)


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c" 2uta,en!: can chan,e the ,enetic co(e of cell!)

(" Terato,en!: can affect the ,roth of the fertili!e( e,, an( the embryo)

3f the .a!t /uantity of chemical! an( chemical com&oun(! in (aily u!e$ !omeare relati.ely !afe$ !ome &re!ent a haar( to certain &eo&le an( !ome &re!ent ahaar( to e.eryone)

A&art from the!e health haar(!$ to other ma4or haar(! ma+e chemical! anim&ortant i!!ue in occu&ational health an( !afety i)e fire 5 en.ironmental&ollution)

PART ': HAZARDS) 0#RE

#n mo!t ca!e!$ fire occur! hen flammable .a&our i! ,i.en off from a material orchemical an( i! in the &re!ence of o%y,en an( a !ource of i,nition)

Thi! a,ain ma+e! the &hy!ical form of the material .ery im&ortant) 0or e%am&le:

a" 0lammable ,a!e! hich are alrea(y in a .a&orou! !tate are morehaar(ou! than combu!tible !oli(!)

b" 0lammable li/ui(! &re!ent a ,reater fire haar( if their !urface area i!increa!e()

c" Du!t an( fibre (e&o!it! are real haar(! in mill! an( !imilar or+ area!(ue to the ri!+ of e%&lo!ion)

The tem&erature of the !ub!tance an( the a.ailability of o%y,en are to crucialin,re(ient! hen e.aluatin, &otential fire haar(!)

#f the!e factor! are con!i(ere($ alon, ith the &o!!ibility of containeri!ation an(!e&aration of chemical !ub!tance! 6 com&oun(!$ many of the haar(! can atlea!t be re(uce()


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PART *: HAZARDS - EN7#R3N2EN8TAL P3LL9T#3N

En.ironmental &ollution can occur hen a chemical or to%ic !ub!tance i!relea!e( into the en.ironment in an uncontrolle( manner)

Thi! u!ually ta+e the form of:

a" S&ill! an( lea+!b" Air contamination

oth can occur in!i(e the or+ area or in the out!i(e en.ironment an( lea( toen.ironmental (ama,e$ be !ource! of fuel for fire! an( &o!e health haar(!)

PART ;: 3NTR3L 2EAS9RES

The fir!t !te& in controllin, any haar(! i! to un(er!tan( them$ but in the ca!e ofchemical!$ thi! can be a ma4or &roblem becau!e)

a" #nformation i! nee(e( not only about the &articular !ub!tance bein, u!e()b" for e%am&le$ a !&ray &roce!!

may be re&lace( by a (i&&in, &roce!!c" The container a chemical i! !u&&lie( in to a !afety cani!ter)

*" #(entify each chemical container ith the &ro(uct name an( that of themanufacturer an( any nece!!ary arnin, label! an( !ymbol!)


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;" Ne.er u!e contaminate( container!)

?" #!olate haar(ou! &roce!!e! either by enclo!in, the acti.ity or o&eration$or by +ee&in, &articular or+ &ractice! at a !afe (i!tance from other or+area!)

@" 7entilate or+ area! a(e/uately to remo.e airborne contaminant! an(le!!en the ri!+ of fire$ by remo.in, flammable .a&or)

" 2onitor contaminant le.el! in the air to en!ure that e%&o!ure to chemical!i! ithin acce&table le.el!) Re,ular me(ical !creenin, of &er!onnel mi,htbe nece!!ary in hi,h ri!+ en.ironment!)

B" Per!onal hy,iene !houl( be an e!tabli!he( &ractice in all or+&lace! an(inclu(e( in thi! re,ime coul( be:

a" Re,ular chan,e of clothe!)b" 9!e of barrier cream! an( ,lo.e!)c" Re,ular a!hin, of han(! an( forearm!)

C" Goo( hou!e+ee&in,$ e!&ecially cleanin, an( (econtaminatin, !urface!$!houl( be an e.ery(ay control mea!ure)

1" Per!onal &rotecti.e e/ui&ment !uch a! a&ron!$ ,lo.e!$ ,o,,le!$ face!hiel(!$ re!&irator! an( foot ear are often the la!t line of (efence !houl(an acci(ent occur) Some acti.itie!$ of cour!e$ &re!ent hi,h ri!+ an( theearin, of &er!onal &rotecti.e e/ui&ment can be of &aramount

im&ortance)

11" Safety !i,n! i(entifyin, hi,h ri!+ !ituation! an( or+ area! !houl( be&o!te( an( obeye( by all &er!onnel a! ell a! .i!itor! an( contractor!)

1'" Safe or+ &roce(ure! lai( (on for a &articular 4ob or ta!+ ta+e intocon!i(eration all the ri!+! an( haar(! that may e%i!t an( mu!t be !trictlya(here( to)

#f any &roce!!e!$ chemical u!e$ or or+ &roce(ure! chan,e in a &articular 4ob orta!+ or if you ha.e a concern$ rai!e it ith your !u&er.i!or$ !afety committee or!afety mana,er)


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PART ?: ST3RAGE AND TRANSP3RTAT#3N

9n(er!tan(in, !ome of the fun(amental con!i(eration! in.ol.e( in the !afe!tora,e an( tran!&ortation of chemical! hi,hli,ht! the im&ortance of folloin, thecorrect &roce(ure!)

ue!tion! to be con!i(ere( are:

a" Shoul( acce!! to the chemical be controlle( by bein, &lace( in a loc+e(area=

b" #! a controlle( tem&erature en.ironment re/uire( for !tora,e of !omechemical!=

c"

dealing with chemical safety 3

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