day 2, workshop 3
TRANSCRIPT
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Semantic Webfor
Cultural Heritage
Geertje Jacobs - RijksmuseumMichiel Hilderbrand - CWI/VUMaarten Heerlien - NaturalisHans Nederbragt - Trezorix
DISH200910-12-2009
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overview
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
1introduction to the use cases
2what is the semantic web
3remodelling data for findability
4reusing web resources for subject annotation
5an interface to integrated collections
6organizational aspects
7lessons learned, discussion and conclusion
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introduction to the use cases | Teylers Universum
Teylers Universum
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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introduction to the use cases | Teylers Universum
Teylers Universum
heterogeneous collections:
art objectsbooks
numismatic objectsold instruments
mineralogical objectspaleontological objects
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introduction to the use cases | Teylers Universum
Teylers Universum
flexible and expandable modelling:
"regular" intrinsic properties of objects
but also extendible types like:eventsroles
statements
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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introduction to the use cases | Rijksmuseum, VU/CWI
Rijksmuseum annotation tool
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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introduction to the use cases | Rijksmuseum, VU/CWI
Subject matter annotation
semantic technology to improve subject matter annotation
collaboration between museum specialist and academics
goalsexplore feasability of reusing excistig web sources
requirements for integration in the museums workflow
approachiterative design of prototype (11 weeks)
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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introduction to the use cases | Sterna
STERNA
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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introduction to the use cases | Sterna
STERNA
Semantic Web BasedThematicEuropean
Reference NetworkApplication
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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introduction to the use cases | Sterna
STERNA
heterogeneous collectionsa distributed environmenta multilingual environment
link with Europeana
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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what is the semantic web
What is the Semantic Web?
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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what is the semantic web
The Web: “open” documents and links
web linkURL URLSemantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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what is the semantic web
The Semantic Web: “open” data and links
web linkURL URL
creator
Dublin Core
Painting: “Green Stripe (Mme Matisse)”Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Copenhagen
Painter: “Henri Matisse”Getty ULAN
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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what is the semantic web
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
The information is there
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what is the semantic web
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
The information is there
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Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
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Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
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what is the semantic web
Make data accessible for linking and reuse by man and machine
provide unique identifiers on the WebHTTP URIs for each term
http://purl.org/vocabularies/getty/aat/Fauve
use commonly agreed upon formatprocessable by machines (RDF)
shared vocabularies (Dublin Core, SKOS, ...)
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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what is the semantic web
SKOS
Simple Knowledge Organization System
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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what is the semantic web
SKOS
Simple Knowledge Organization System
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#">
<skos:Concept rdf:about="http://www.example.com/concepts#shrubs"> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">shrubs</skos:prefLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="en">bushes</skos:altLabel> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="fr">arbuste</skos:prefLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">buisson</skos:altLabel> </skos:Concept>
</rdf:RDF>
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
Remodelling data for findabilityTeylers Universum and Sterna
flexible and expandable modelling
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :type :
creator :date of creation :
place of creation :publisher :
date of publication :place of publication :
publication spec :language :
size :registration nr :
notes :
Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :type :
creator :role :
date of creation :place of creation :
publisher :date of publication :
place of publication :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)author1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :type :
creator :creator :
role :role :
date of creation :place of creation :
publisher :date of publication :
place of publication :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
√
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :type :
creator :creator :
role :role :
date of creation :place of creation :
publisher :date of publication :
place of publication :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator1622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :type :
creator :creator :
role :role :
creator year of birth :creator year of birth :
creator year of death :creator year of death :
date of creation :place of creation :
publisher :publisher date of birth :
publisher date of death :date of publication :
place of publication :publication spec :
language :…
Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator15831606164516691622ParisLodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)15401617 (ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch…
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :type :
creator :creator :
role :role :
date of creation :publisher :
date of publication :place of publication :
publication spec :language :
size :registration nr :
notes :
Travel by boxbookHugo de Groot (1583-1645)Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)authorillustrator1622Lodewijk Elsevier (1540-1617, ca.)1623Leiden250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by box
book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 1creationHugo de Groot [author]1622Paris
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 1creationHugo de Groot [author]1622Paris
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 2creationRembrand van Rijn [illustrator]1622Amsterdam
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :event :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 1creationHugo de Groot [author]1622Paris
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 2creationRembrand van Rijn [illustrator]1622Amsterdam
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [publication] publicationLodewijk Elsevier [publisher]1623Leiden
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :event :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 1creationHugo de Groot [author]1622Paris
event types creation birth death ownership printing publication shipwreck …
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
title :event :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Travel by box [creation] 1creationHugo de Groot [author]1622Paris
actor/role name :actor :
role :date :
Hugo de Groot [author]Hugo de Grootauthor1601-1645
actor name :event :notes :
Hugo de Groot roles
author illustrator owner painter printer publisher …
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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actor name :event :notes :
Hugo de Groot
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage| DISH2009| 10-12-2009
title :event :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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actor name :event :event :notes :
Hugo de GrootHugo de Groot [birth]Hugo de Groot [death]
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage| DISH2009| 10-12-2009
title :event :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
event name :
type :actor/role :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Hugo de Groot [birth] birthJan de Groot [father]Alida van Overschie [mother]1583Delft
event name :
type :actor/role :
date :location :
notes :
Hugo de Groot [death] death 1645Rostockdied after a shipwreck
locations Amsterdam Delft Leiden Paris Rostock …
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage| DISH2009| 10-12-2009
title :event :event :event :
type :publication spec :
language :size :
registration nr :notes :
Travel by boxTravel by box [creation] 1Travel by box [creation] 2Travel by box [publication]book250 pages, illustratedDutch29,7 X 21 (cm, h x b)tzx091012recently discovered
actor/role name :actor :
role :date :
Hugo de Groot [author]Hugo de Grootauthor1601-1645
referrers Adamus Exul [creation] De republicaemendanda [creation] Parallelon rerumpublicarum [creation] De Indis [creation] Christus patiens [creation] Mare Liberum [creation] De antiquitate reipublicae Batavicae [creation] Travel by box [creation] 1
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remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage| DISH2009| 10-12-2009
"legacy systems" versus RDF
you need an RDF-like infrastructure to handlethis type of modelling
"classic" databases are reliable and fastbut they are not very flexible
"classic" indexers are reliable and fastbut they are not good in complicated queries
RDF structures are very flexiblethe RDF format is very useful for complicated queries
but RDF technology is not yet mature
remodelling data for findability | Teylers Universum and Sterna
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reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
Reusing web resources for subject annotationRijksmuseum annotation tool
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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Print Room online
registration and digitization project (3 years)30.000 objects a year
high quality enclosure, registration by specialistsbasic properties: e.g. object ID, storage location, Title,
creator and measurementsproperties for better accessibility:
high quality digital scans subject matter annotations
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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Subject annotation
1. focus on the main subject (due to required throughput rates)2. the cataloguers are instructed to only describe theWHO (depicted person/organization)WHAT (event name)WHERE (place)WHEN (date)3. to use the existing thesauri of the Rijksmuseum and the Iconclass
classification system
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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Several unsolved problems
Adding new terms is time consuming:one full month a year of adding thesaurus terms instead of catalogueing
objects
the external thesauri/classification systems not integrated in Adlib:e.g. IconClass, AAT
Generic terms are required for subject annotions, no integrated source
Maintaining a thesaurus iswork for specialisttime consuming
difficult to achieve and keep a high quality
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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http://e-culture.multimedian.nl/pk/annotate?uri=RP-P-OB-77.320
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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Advantages
annotationlarger coverage
multiple perspectivesmaintenance by third party
searchmultilingual (IconClass, AAT, WordNet)
alternatives spelling (ULAN,TGN)synonyms (WordNet, AAT, TGN) nicknames (ULAN)
multiple perspectivesrelations between thesaurus terms
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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Requirements
standard representation (SKOS) enables integration
extensive configuration of search algorithm and interface design
collaboration between museum experts and developers
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
reusing web resources for subject annotation | Rijksmuseum annotation tool
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an interface to integrated collections | Sterna
An interface to integrated collectionsSterna Birdwatchers interface
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
http://science.naturalis.nl/collections/sterna-birdwatchers-portal
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organizational aspects | Rijksmuseum
Organizational aspectsRijksmuseum
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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Collaboration between Rijksmuseum and Multimedian
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
organizational aspects | Rijksmuseum
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The Rijksmuseum
has opportunities for experimentationprovide innovations for digitization of cultural heritage
why the Print Room Online?
specific scope for subject matter annotationstrict guidelines and procedures
necessity for new datasources /thesauri
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
organizational aspects | Rijksmuseum
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
organizational aspects | Rijksmuseum
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organizational aspects | Naturalis
Organizational aspectsNaturalis
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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organizational aspects | Naturalis
Organizational aspectsNaturalis
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
create a peer-to-peer network of content providers based on a common knowledge domain
bigger organisations have usually more facilities and/or resources and should support smaller partner institutions in the network
a suitable technical infrastructure is necessary to support the realization of such a network
the Sterna project is part of the iterative process of realizing this ambition
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organizational aspects | Trezorix
Organizational aspectsTrezorix
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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organizational aspects | Trezorix
Organizational aspectsTrezorix
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
Trezorix works with clients who, as knowledge distributors and networking organizations, have a strong ambition of themselves to be
innovators
Trezorix works closely together with academic communities, exchanging all kinds of innovative ideas with extensive practical
experiences in building semantic networks
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Our Conclusions
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
lessons learned
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Our Conclusions
• implementation of semantic networks is an undertaking that takes a lot of effort and energy from cultural heritage institutions:
• the Institutions will have to deal with complex questions about content, organization and technical solutions
• there is a strong need for supporting servicesshould all other tools in the tool chain be adapted?
• it requires a dialogue and collaboration with other institutions and organizations about the organizational aspects
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
lessons learned
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lessons learned
Lessons learned
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
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lessons learned
Lessons learned
• there is a tendency for cultural heritage institutions to rely too much on the "beneficial" effects and possibilities of technology
• all parties have different goals, define these goals from the beginning
• create commitment in involving all kind of people (technical staff, curators, cataloguers, users of the database)
• make the collaboration official and make sure there’s time in your organization for innovative projects that won’t immediately result in
ready made products
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Group discussion
Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
lessons learned
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Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage | DISH2009 | 10-12-2009
lessons learned
Group discussion
Do you recognize the situations demonstrated in these three cases?
How is dealt with these situations in your institution? Do you think semantic technology can provide solutions for your
institution as well?
Do you think universities, cultural heritage institutions and developers should work more closely together in innovative projects and how should it be
organized?
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information architecture
Hans Nederbragt [email protected] Heerlien [email protected] Hildebrand [email protected] Jacobs [email protected]