databases letts chapter 11. a database program can be used to: sort a file into a different order; ...
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Databases
Letts Chapter 11
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A database program can
be used to:
sort a file into a different order; search through the records for a
matching string. select records which fit certain
conditions
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Ready-made database files are available on:
floppy disc, CD-ROM’s on-line using public networks
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Before you can create your own database file you have to:
decide what data is required for the problem you are solving;
think of a name for your data file; plan what fields you are going to have; decide on a key field or sort field; plan how to collect and record the data
before it is typed in.
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Common data types used in databases are:
alphanumeric number date integer label logical
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Data can be collected by recording it on a data capture form.
This can be one of the following questionnaire (form format) table format.
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To create a database you would normally have to:produce a data capture form;collect and record the data to be keyed it;run the database program;name the database file;key in for each field its name, type and
possibly its length;choose a sort field;enter the data into the database - one record at a time; close or save the database.
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To retrieve information from a file you can set up a query condition. The program then selects all records which match the condition.
Query conditions can include: comparisons based on
= (equal to)
< (less than)
> (greater than)
<>, >=, <=
the logical operators AND, OR and NOT; comparisons with sub-strings.
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A sort rearranges a file into a given order.
A file can be sorted into ascending or descending order.
A database report is a set of results from work on a database put together as a document for printing.
A query language is the set of words and symbols which are used to retrieve information from a database.